- Pivotal results from the Phase 3 BREAKWATER trial showed 51%
risk reduction in death compared to standard-of-care treatment
- BRAFTOVI combination regimen also demonstrated 47% risk
reduction in disease progression or death compared to
standard-of-care treatment, meeting the trial’s dual primary
endpoint of progression-free survival
- First and only combination regimen with targeted therapy to
improve survival outcomes for treatment-naïve patients with BRAF
V600E-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer
Pfizer Inc. (NYSE: PFE) today announced statistically
significant and clinically meaningful survival results from the
Phase 3 BREAKWATER trial evaluating BRAFTOVI® (encorafenib) in
combination with cetuximab (marketed as ERBITUX®) and mFOLFOX6
(fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin) in patients with
metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with a BRAF V600E mutation.
These data will be presented today in an oral presentation
(Abstract LBA3500) at the 2025 American Society of Clinical
Oncology (ASCO®) Annual Meeting and have been simultaneously
published in the New England Journal of Medicine.
In a second interim analysis of overall survival (OS), a key
secondary endpoint, the BRAFTOVI combination regimen reduced the
risk of death by 51% compared to standard-of-care chemotherapy with
or without bevacizumab (Hazard Ratio [HR] 0.49; 95% Confidence
Interval [CI], 0.38, 0.63, p<0.0001). Median OS was 30.3 months
(95% CI, 21.7, Not Estimated) with BRAFTOVI in combination with
cetuximab and mFOLFOX6 compared to 15.1 months with chemotherapy
with or without bevacizumab (95% CI, 13.7, 17.7). In the primary
analysis of progression-free survival (PFS), the BRAFTOVI
combination regimen reduced the risk of disease progression or
death by 47% compared to standard-of-care chemotherapy with or
without bevacizumab (HR 0.53; 95% CI, 0.41, 0.68, p<0.0001) as
assessed by blinded independent central review (BICR). Median PFS
was 12.8 months (95% CI, 11.2, 15.9) with the BRAFTOVI combination
regimen compared to 7.1 months (95% CI, 6.8, 8.5).
“Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer whose tumors harbor
a BRAF V600E mutation generally face a daunting prognosis, as this
aggressive tumor often does not respond well to standard-of-care
chemotherapy,” said Elena Élez, M.D., Ph.D., senior investigator at
Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology in Barcelona, Spain, and
co-principal investigator of the BREAKWATER trial. “The BREAKWATER
results are the first promising survival outcomes ever reported for
BRAF-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer in the first-line setting,
representing a practice-changing breakthrough for patients.”
CRC is the third most common type of cancer in the world1 BRAF
mutations are estimated to occur in 8-12% of people with mCRC and
represent a poor prognosis.2 The BRAF V600E mutation is the most
common BRAF mutation and the risk of mortality in patients with CRC
harboring this mutation is more than double that of patients with
no known BRAF mutation present.2-4
“The BRAFTOVI combination helped significantly reduce the risk
of disease progression or death, potentially altering the course of
disease for people with metastatic colorectal cancer with a BRAF
V600E mutation,” said Johanna Bendell, M.D., Chief Oncology
Development Officer, Pfizer. “These unprecedented results from the
BREAKWATER trial further establish the benefit of the BRAFTOVI
combination regimen and its potential to become a new
standard-of-care, building on Pfizer’s legacy in precision medicine
and commitment to delivering breakthrough medicines that help
people with cancer live better and longer lives.”
The updated objective response rate (ORR) by BICR confirmed the
improvement previously observed with the BRAFTOVI combination
regimen compared to patients receiving chemotherapy with or without
bevacizumab (65.7%; 95% CI, 59.4, 71.4 and 37.4%; 95% CI, 31.6,
43.7, respectively). The estimated median duration of response and
median time to response were also maintained from the prior primary
analysis. Results from the primary analysis of ORR were presented
at the 2025 American Society of Clinical Oncology Gastrointestinal
Cancer Symposium (ASCO GI) and were simultaneously published in
Nature Medicine in January 2025. Additional data from a separate
arm of the BREAKWATER study evaluating BRAFTOVI in combination with
cetuximab will also be presented at ASCO.
“The risk of death for patients with BRAF V600E-mutant
metastatic colorectal cancer is more than double compared to those
with no known mutation,” said Michael Sapienza, Chief Executive
Officer, Colorectal Cancer Alliance. “These survival outcomes from
the BREAKWATER study bring renewed hope to patients and their loved
ones, providing the possibility of more time together. We are
thrilled to see important cancer research propel us closer to our
goal of ending this disease.”
At the time of this analysis, the safety profile of BRAFTOVI in
combination with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6 continued to be consistent
with the known safety profile of each respective agent. No new
safety signals were identified. The most common side effects (≥30%)
were nausea, anemia, diarrhea, decreased appetite, vomiting,
neutrophil count decrease, arthralgia, and rash. Among patients
receiving BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6,
13.8% experienced an adverse reaction that resulted in permanent
discontinuation of BRAFTOVI.
The BRAFTOVI combination regimen received accelerated approval
by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in December 2024 for
patients with BRAF V600E -mutant mCRC based on a clinically
meaningful and statistically significant improvement in confirmed
ORR in treatment-naïve patients, the study’s other dual primary
endpoint.5 Continued approval for this indication is contingent
upon verification of clinical benefit. The approval was among the
first in the industry to be conducted under the FDA’s Project
FrontRunner, which seeks to support the development and approval of
new cancer drugs for advanced or metastatic disease. The BREAKWATER
survival data are being discussed with the U.S. FDA to support
potential conversion to full approval in 2025.
Pfizer is continuing its commitment to help non-scientists
understand the latest findings with the development of abstract
plain language summaries (APLS) for company-sponsored research
being presented, which are written in non-technical language. Those
interested in learning more can visit www.Pfizer.com/apls to access
the summaries.
About BREAKWATER BREAKWATER is a Phase 3, randomized,
active-controlled, open-label, multicenter trial of BRAFTOVI with
cetuximab, alone or in combination with mFOLFOX6 in participants
with previously untreated BRAF V600E-mutant metastatic CRC.
Patients were randomized to receive BRAFTOVI 300 mg orally once
daily in combination with cetuximab (discontinued after
randomization of 158 patients), BRAFTOVI 300 mg orally once daily
in combination with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6 (n=236) or mFOLFOX6,
FOLFOXIRI, or CAPOX each with or without bevacizumab (control-arm)
(n=243). The dual primary endpoints are ORR and progression-free
survival (PFS) as assessed by blinded independent central review
(BICR). Overall survival is a key secondary endpoint.
About Colorectal Cancer (CRC) CRC is the third most
common type of cancer in the world, with approximately 1.8 million
new diagnoses in 2022.1 It is the second leading cause of
cancer-related deaths.6 Overall, the lifetime risk of developing
CRC is about 1 in 24 for men and 1 in 26 for women.6 In the U.S.
alone, an estimated 154,270 people will be diagnosed with cancer of
the colon or rectum in 2025, and approximately 53,000 are estimated
to die from the disease each year.7 For 20% of those diagnosed with
CRC, the disease has metastasized, or spread, making it harder to
treat, and up to 50% of patients with localized disease eventually
develop metastases.8
BRAF mutations are estimated to occur in 8-12% of people with
mCRC and represent a poor prognosis for these patients.2 The BRAF
V600E mutation is the most common BRAF mutation and the risk of
mortality in patients with CRC with the BRAF V600E mutation is more
than double that of patients with no known BRAF mutation
present.2-4 Despite the high unmet need in BRAF V600E-mutant mCRC,
prior to December 20, 2024, there were no approved biomarker-driven
therapies specifically indicated for people with previously
untreated BRAF V600E-mutant mCRC.9,10
About BRAFTOVI® (encorafenib) BRAFTOVI is an oral small
molecule kinase inhibitor that targets BRAF V600E. Inappropriate
activation of proteins in the MAPK signaling pathway
(RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK) has been shown to occur in certain cancers,
including CRC.
Pfizer has exclusive rights to BRAFTOVI in the U.S., Canada,
Latin America, Middle East, and Africa. Ono Pharmaceutical Co.,
Ltd. has exclusive rights to commercialize the product in Japan and
South Korea, Medison has exclusive rights to commercialize the
product in Israel and Pierre Fabre Laboratories has exclusive
rights to commercialize the product in all other countries,
including Europe and Asia (excluding Japan and South Korea).
INDICATION AND USAGE BRAFTOVI® (encorafenib) is
indicated, in combination with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6, for the
treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with
a BRAF V600E mutation, as detected by an FDA-approved test. This
indication is approved under accelerated approval based on response
rate and durability of response. Continued approval for this
indication may be contingent upon verification and description of
clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial(s).
BRAFTOVI is also indicated, in combination with cetuximab, for
the treatment of adult patients with mCRC with a BRAF V600E
mutation, as detected by an FDA-approved test, after prior
therapy.
Limitations of Use: BRAFTOVI is not
indicated for treatment of patients with wild-type BRAF CRC.
IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION
Refer to the prescribing information for cetuximab and
individual product components of mFOLFOX6 for recommended dosing
and additional safety information.
WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
New Primary Malignancies: New primary malignancies,
cutaneous and non-cutaneous, can occur. In BEACON CRC (previously
treated BRAF V600E mutation-positive mCRC), cutaneous squamous cell
carcinoma (cuSCC), including keratoacanthoma (KA), occurred in 1.4%
of patients with CRC, and a new primary melanoma occurred in 1.4%
of patients who received BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab. In
BREAKWATER (previously untreated BRAF V600E mutation-positive mCRC)
skin papilloma was reported in 2.6%, basal cell carcinoma in 1.3%,
squamous cell carcinoma of skin in 0.9%, keratoacanthoma in 0.4%
and malignant melanoma in situ in 0.4% of patients who received
BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6. Perform
dermatologic evaluations prior to initiating treatment, every 2
months during treatment, and for up to 6 months following
discontinuation of treatment. Manage suspicious skin lesions with
excision and dermatopathologic evaluation. Dose modification is not
recommended for new primary cutaneous malignancies. Based on its
mechanism of action, BRAFTOVI may promote malignancies associated
with activation of RAS through mutation or other mechanisms.
Monitor patients receiving BRAFTOVI for signs and symptoms of
non-cutaneous malignancies. Discontinue BRAFTOVI for RAS
mutation-positive non-cutaneous malignancies. Monitor patients for
new malignancies prior to initiation of treatment, while on
treatment, and after discontinuation of treatment.
Tumor Promotion in BRAF Wild-Type Tumors: In vitro
experiments have demonstrated paradoxical activation of MAP-kinase
signaling and increased cell proliferation in BRAF wild-type cells
exposed to BRAF inhibitors. Confirm evidence of BRAF V600E or V600K
mutation using an FDA-approved test prior to initiating
BRAFTOVI.
Cardiomyopathy: Cardiomyopathy manifesting as left
ventricular dysfunction associated with symptomatic or asymptomatic
decreases in ejection fraction, has been reported in patients.
Assess left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by echocardiogram
or multi-gated acquisition (MUGA) scan prior to initiating
treatment, 1 month after initiating treatment, and then every 2 to
3 months during treatment. Safety has not been established in
patients with a baseline ejection fraction that is either below 50%
or below the institutional lower limit of normal (LLN). Patients
with cardiovascular risk factors should be monitored closely.
Withhold, reduce dose, or permanently discontinue based on severity
of adverse reaction.
Hepatotoxicity: Hepatotoxicity can occur. In BREAKWATER
(previously untreated BRAF V600E mutation-positive mCRC), the
incidence of Grade 3 or 4 increases in liver function laboratory
tests in patients receiving BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab
and mFOLFOX6 was 2.2% for alkaline phosphatase, 1.3% for ALT, and
0.9% for AST. Monitor liver laboratory tests before initiation of
BRAFTOVI, monthly during treatment, and as clinically indicated.
Withhold, reduce dose, or permanently discontinue based on severity
of adverse reaction.
Hemorrhage: In BEACON CRC (previously treated BRAF V600E
mutation-positive mCRC), hemorrhage occurred in 19% of patients
receiving BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab; Grade 3 or higher
hemorrhage occurred in 1.9% of patients, including fatal
gastrointestinal hemorrhage in 0.5% of patients. The most frequent
hemorrhagic events were epistaxis (6.9%), hematochezia (2.3%), and
rectal hemorrhage (2.3%). In BREAKWATER (previously untreated BRAF
V600E mutation-positive mCRC), hemorrhage occurred in 30% of
patients receiving BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and
mFOLFOX6; Grade 3 or 4 hemorrhage occurred in 3% of patients.
Withhold, reduce dose, or permanently discontinue based on severity
of adverse reaction.
Uveitis: Uveitis, including iritis and iridocyclitis, has
been reported in patients treated with BRAFTOVI. Assess for visual
symptoms at each visit. Perform an ophthalmological evaluation at
regular intervals and for new or worsening visual disturbances, and
to follow new or persistent ophthalmologic findings. Withhold,
reduce dose, or permanently discontinue based on severity of
adverse reaction.
QT Prolongation: BRAFTOVI is associated with
dose-dependent QTc interval prolongation in some patients. In
BREAKWATER (previously untreated BRAF V600E mutation-positive
mCRC), an increase of QTcF >500 ms was measured in 3.6% (8/222)
of patients receiving BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and
mFOLFOX6. Monitor patients who already have or who are at
significant risk of developing QTc prolongation, including patients
with known long QT syndromes, clinically significant
bradyarrhythmias, severe or uncontrolled heart failure and those
taking other medicinal products associated with QT prolongation.
Correct hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia prior to and during BRAFTOVI
administration. Withhold, reduce dose, or permanently discontinue
for QTc >500 ms.
Embryo-Fetal Toxicity: BRAFTOVI can cause fetal harm when
administered to pregnant women. BRAFTOVI can render hormonal
contraceptives ineffective. Advise females of reproductive
potential to use effective nonhormonal contraception during
treatment with BRAFTOVI and for 2 weeks after the final dose.
Risks Associated with Combination Treatment: BRAFTOVI is
indicated for use as part of a regimen in combination with
cetuximab, or in combination with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6. Refer to
the prescribing information for cetuximab and individual product
components of mFOLFOX6 for additional risk information.
Lactation: Advise women not to breastfeed during
treatment with BRAFTOVI and for 2 weeks after the final dose.
Infertility: Advise males of reproductive potential that
BRAFTOVI may impair fertility.
ADVERSE REACTIONS
BREAKWATER Trial (previously untreated BRAF V600E
mutation-positive mCRC)
- Serious adverse reactions occurred in 38% of patients
who received BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6.
Serious adverse reactions in >3% of patients included intestinal
obstruction (3.5%) and pyrexia (3.5%).
- Fatal gastrointestinal perforation occurred in 0.9% of
patients who received BRAFTOVI in combination with cetuximab and
mFOLFOX6.
- Most common adverse reactions (≥25%, all grades) in the
BRAFTOVI with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6 arm compared to the control
arm (mFOLFOX6 ± bevacizumab or FOLFOXIRI ± bevacizumab or CAPOX ±
bevacizumab) were peripheral neuropathy (62% vs 53%), nausea (51%
vs 48%), fatigue (49% vs 38%), rash (31% vs 4%), diarrhea (34% vs
47%), decreased appetite (33% vs 25%), vomiting (33% vs 21%),
hemorrhage (30% vs 18%), abdominal pain (26% vs 27%), and pyrexia
(26% vs 14%).
- Most common laboratory abnormalities (≥10%, grade 3 or
4) in the BRAFTOVI with cetuximab and mFOLFOX6 arm compared to the
control arm (mFOLFOX6 ± bevacizumab or FOLFOXIRI ± bevacizumab or
CAPOX ± bevacizumab) were: increased lipase (51% vs 25%), decreased
neutrophil count (36% vs 34%), decreased hemoglobin (13% vs 5%),
decreased white blood cell count (12% vs 7%), and increased glucose
(11% vs 2%).
BEACON CRC Trial (previously treated BRAF V600E
mutation-positive mCRC)
- Most common adverse reactions (≥25%, all grades) in the
BRAFTOVI with cetuximab arm compared to irinotecan with cetuximab
or FOLFIRI with cetuximab (control) were: fatigue (51% vs 50%),
nausea (34% vs 41%), diarrhea (33% vs 48%), dermatitis acneiform
(32% vs 43%), abdominal pain (30% vs 32%), decreased appetite (27%
vs 27%), arthralgia (27% vs 3%), and rash (26% vs 26%).
- Other clinically important adverse reactions occurring
in <10% of patients who received BRAFTOVI in combination with
cetuximab was pancreatitis.
- Most common laboratory abnormalities (all grades) (≥20%)
in the BRAFTOVI with cetuximab arm compared to irinotecan with
cetuximab or FOLFIRI with cetuximab (control) were: anemia (34% vs
48%) and lymphopenia (24% vs 35%).
DRUG INTERACTIONS
Strong or moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors: Avoid
coadministration of BRAFTOVI with strong or moderate CYP3A4
inhibitors, including grapefruit juice. If coadministration is
unavoidable, reduce the BRAFTOVI dose.
Strong CYP3A4 inducers: Avoid coadministration of
BRAFTOVI with strong CYP3A4 inducers.
Sensitive CYP3A4 substrates: Avoid the coadministration
of BRAFTOVI with CYP3A4 substrates (including hormonal
contraceptives) for which a decrease in plasma concentration may
lead to reduced efficacy of the substrate. If the coadministration
cannot be avoided, see the CYP3A4 substrate product labeling for
recommendations.
Dose reductions of drugs that are substrates of OATP1B1,
OATP1B3, or BCRP may be required when used concomitantly with
BRAFTOVI.
Avoid coadministration of BRAFTOVI with drugs known to
prolong QT/QTc interval.
View the full Prescribing Information.
About Pfizer Oncology At Pfizer Oncology, we are at the
forefront of a new era in cancer care. Our industry-leading
portfolio and extensive pipeline includes three core mechanisms of
action to attack cancer from multiple angles, including small
molecules, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), and bispecific
antibodies, including other immune-oncology biologics. We are
focused on delivering transformative therapies in some of the
world’s most common cancers, including breast cancer, genitourinary
cancer, hematology-oncology, and thoracic cancers, which includes
lung cancer. Driven by science, we are committed to accelerating
breakthroughs to help people with cancer live better and longer
lives.
About Pfizer: Breakthroughs That Change Patients’ Lives
At Pfizer, we apply science and our global resources to bring
therapies to people that extend and significantly improve their
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in the discovery, development and manufacture of health care
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Pfizer colleagues work across developed and emerging markets to
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Disclosure Notice The information contained in this
release is as of May 30, 2025. Pfizer assumes no obligation to
update forward-looking statements contained in this release as the
result of new information or future events or developments.
This release contains forward-looking information about Pfizer
Oncology and the BRAFTOVI® (encorafenib) plus cetuximab and
mFOLFOX6 combination for the treatment of metastatic colorectal
cancer (CRC) with a BRAF V600E mutation, including their potential
benefits and discussions of the BREAKWATERsurvival data with
regulatory authorities, including the FDA, to support potential
conversion from accelerated approval to full approval for the
combination regimen in this indication , that involves substantial
risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ
materially from those expressed or implied by such statements.
Risks and uncertainties include, among other things, uncertainties
regarding the commercial success of BRAFTOVI plus cetuximab and
mFOLFOX6; the uncertainties inherent in research and development,
including the ability to meet anticipated clinical endpoints,
commencement and/or completion dates for our clinical trials,
regulatory submission dates, regulatory approval dates and/or
launch dates, as well as the possibility of unfavorable new
clinical data and further analyses of existing clinical data; the
risk that clinical trial data are subject to differing
interpretations and assessments by regulatory authorities; whether
regulatory authorities will be satisfied with the design of and
results from our clinical studies; whether and when the accelerated
approval for BRAFTOVI plus cetuximab and mFOLFOX6 for the treatment
of patients with metastatic CRC with a BRAF V600E mutation will be
converted to full approval in the U.S.; whether and when any drug
applications may be filed in any additional jurisdictions for
BRAFTOVI plus cetuximab and mFOLFOX6 for the treatment of patients
with metastatic CRC with a BRAF V600E mutation or in any
jurisdictions for any other potential indications for BRAFTOVI;
whether and when any such other applications may be approved by
regulatory authorities, which will depend on myriad factors,
including making a determination as to whether the product's
benefits outweigh its known risks and determination of the
product's efficacy and, if approved, whether BRAFTOVI plus
cetuximab and mFOLFOX6 will be commercially successful; decisions
by regulatory authorities impacting labeling, manufacturing
processes, safety and/or other matters that could affect the
availability or commercial potential of BRAFTOVI or BRAFTOVI plus
cetuximab and mFOLFOX6; risks and uncertainties related to issued
or future executive orders or other new, or changes in, laws or
regulations; uncertainties regarding the impact of COVID-19 on
Pfizer’s business, operations and financial results; and
competitive developments.
A further description of risks and uncertainties can be found in
Pfizer’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2024, and in its subsequent reports on Form 10-Q,
including in the sections thereof captioned “Risk Factors” and
“Forward-Looking Information and Factors That May Affect Future
Results”, as well as in its subsequent reports on Form 8-K, all of
which are filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
and available at www.sec.gov and www.pfizer.com.
ERBITUX® is a registered trademark of Eli Lilly and Company its
subsidiaries, or affiliates.
References
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Last accessed: March 2025.
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