Semiconductor exemptions don’t matter when it comes to tariffs
22 Maio 2025 - 12:00PM
Cointelegraph


Opinion by: Ahmad Shadid of O.xyz
Semiconductors scored a rare exemption from US President Donald
Trump’s aggressive reciprocal tariffs, but the relief is symbolic
at best. Most semiconductors enter the US embedded in servers,
GPUs, laptops, and smartphones.
The finished goods remain heavily tariffed, some with duties
reaching up to 49%. The exemption looks good politically but
delivers little practical benefit. Nvidia’s DGX systems, crucial
for training advanced AI models, do not fall under the exempted HTS
codes. Nvidia could pay effective tariffs nearing 40% on these
vital components. Such costs threaten to stall critical AI
infrastructure projects across the country.
Semiconductor tariffs may compromise the goal of the CHIPS Act.
The act promised tens of billions of dollars in subsidies to
support domestic chip manufacturing. Yet advanced lithography
machines — key equipment from countries like the Netherlands and
Japan — face 20%–24% tariffs. Ironically, tariffs designed to boost
American production increase the cost of essential manufacturing
equipment.
The effect of new tariffs is already slowing progress in
critical supply chains — just as generative AI and large language
models are gaining momentum across sectors like finance and
defense. Any delays or cost increases now could blunt America’s
technological advantage.
Indirect costs undermine exemptions for AI
Modern semiconductor supply chains are global and highly
integrated. An exemption on raw silicon means nothing when servers,
GPUs and other finished products face steep tariffs. Tariffs
indirectly inflate costs, eliminating any competitive advantage
from domestic manufacturing.
Indirect tariff costs hit high-end systems disproportionately
hard. The effect ripples through AI model training, data center
expansions and major infrastructure projects, significantly slowing
the industry’s momentum.
Tariff impasse halts investment
So far, it’s clear that the US president’s tariff plan didn’t
follow any conventional economic trends or calculated strategy. The
uncertain tariff situation stalls investment decisions across the
technology sector. Companies need predictable costs to justify
large capital expenditures. Ongoing tariff volatility prevents them
from committing resources to new data centers and manufacturing
lines.
This mirrors the supply chain chaos of 2020. At that time,
uncertainty caused massive order cancellations and slowed industry
recovery for years. If tariff ambiguity continues, we could see
similar waves of cancellations in 2025. This would further compound
existing inventory and revenue issues in the semiconductor
sector.
Domestic production is not optimal
The border argument for these tariffs is that they’re meant to
boost domestic production. They do little, however, to encourage
genuine domestic semiconductor production. Despite subsidies under
the CHIPS Act, most US semiconductor companies still rely on
international foundries for manufacturing. Instead, they face
increased equipment and operational costs.
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The idea that tariffs promote domestic production ignores the
reality of global semiconductor manufacturing. Costs rise across
the board, putting American companies at a disadvantage rather than
offering protection.
AI projects face heightened risk
The blockchain and crypto sectors, particularly AI-driven
projects, also feel the pinch. Projects depend heavily on GPUs and
high-performance servers for mining, validating transactions and
running decentralized AI computations. Increased hardware costs
directly affect profitability and growth, potentially stalling
innovation in blockchain applications.
AI developments have just started to pick up the pace in the
blockchain and Web3 space. The industry saw increased interest from
investors and VCs just a year ago. So, they are still on tighter
budgets. Elevated costs can, however, lead to stagnation. We might
see innovators and developers exiting the market. The ripple effect
extends beyond the general technology sector and could threaten
future digital economies.
Moreover, these cost pressures disproportionately affect
startups and smaller tech firms. Industry giants can absorb
additional expenses, but innovative, smaller players face
existential threats. This dynamic risks stifling innovation at the
grassroots level, harming the entire tech ecosystem.
What to expect
Semiconductors have momentarily escaped direct tariffs, but the
exemption provides little benefit. Tariffs continue to hit finished
products, driving up indirect costs across the industry. Instead of
boosting domestic manufacturing, these tariffs create economic
paralysis, stall critical infrastructure projects, and threaten
America’s lead in AI innovation. Policymakers must acknowledge
these realities and adjust their approach before irreversible
damage is done to the nation’s technological future.
Opinion by: Ahmad Shadid of O.xyz.
This article is for
general information purposes and is not intended to be and should
not be taken as legal or investment advice. The views, thoughts,
and opinions expressed here are the author’s alone and do not
necessarily reflect or represent the views and opinions of
Cointelegraph.
...
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