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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022
OR
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM __________ TO ________
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 001-34295
SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware |
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38-3916511 |
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization) |
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
1221 Avenue of the Americas, 35th Floor, New York, NY
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
10020
(Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:
(212) 584-5100
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the
Act:
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Title of each class |
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Trading Symbol(s) |
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Name of exchange on which registered |
Common stock, $0.001 par value |
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SIRI |
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The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned
issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities
Act. Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file
reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Act. Yes ☐ No ☑
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed
all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months
(or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to
file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past
90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted
electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to submit such
files). Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large
accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer,
or a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See
the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”,
“smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act.:
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Large accelerated filer |
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Accelerated filer |
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Non-accelerated filer |
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Smaller reporting company |
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Emerging growth company |
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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the
registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period
for complying with any new or revised financial accounting
standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on
and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness
of its internal control over financial reporting under Section
404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the
registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit
report. ☑
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act,
indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the
registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an
error to previously issued financial statements. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are
restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based
compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers
during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b).
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company
(as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☑
The aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by
non-affiliates as of June 30, 2022 was
$4,217,061,163. All executive officers and directors of
the registrant have been deemed, solely for the purpose of the
foregoing calculation, to be “affiliates” of the
registrant.
The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding
as of January 31, 2023 was 3,890,500,442.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Information included in our definitive proxy statement for our 2023
annual meeting of stockholders scheduled to be held on Thursday,
June 1, 2023 is incorporated by reference into Items 10, 11,
12, 13 and 14 of Part III of this report.
SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
2022 FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
This Annual Report on Form 10-K presents information for Sirius XM
Holdings Inc. (“Holdings”), a Delaware corporation. The terms
“Holdings,” “we,” “us,” “our,” and “our company” as used herein and
unless otherwise stated or indicated by context, refer to Sirius XM
Holdings Inc. and its subsidiaries. “Sirius XM” refers to our
wholly owned subsidiary Sirius XM Radio Inc. and its subsidiaries
other than Pandora. “Pandora” refers to Sirius XM’s wholly owned
subsidiary Pandora Media, LLC and its subsidiaries.
Sirius XM Holdings Inc.
Holdings was incorporated in the State of Delaware on May 21, 2013.
Holdings has no operations independent of its wholly owned
subsidiaries, Sirius XM and Pandora.
Relationship with Liberty Media
As of December 31, 2022, Liberty Media Corporation (“Liberty
Media”) beneficially owned, directly and indirectly, approximately
82% of the outstanding shares of Holdings’ common
stock. Liberty Media owns interests in a range of media,
communications and entertainment businesses.
Our Businesses
We operate two complementary audio entertainment businesses – our
Sirius XM business and our Pandora and Off-platform business. We
are the leading audio entertainment company in North America with a
portfolio of audio businesses including our flagship subscription
entertainment service, Sirius XM; the ad-supported and premium
music streaming services of Pandora; a podcast network; an
advertising sales group, SXM Media; and a suite of advertising
technology solutions. We believe we reach a combined monthly
audience of approximately 150 million listeners.
We continue to expand the range of choices for our listeners – both
in terms of compelling content and the array of ways in which it
can be consumed. There are approximately 152 million vehicles in
operation with Sirius XM radios, and the proliferation of smart
speakers and other connected devices has increased the range of
options consumers have for engaging with and consuming our
content.
We also are focused on rapidly growing content categories, such as
our continued interest in podcasting. In 2022, an estimated 109
million Americans listened to a podcast at least
monthly.
Sirius XM
Our Sirius XM business features music, sports, entertainment,
comedy, talk, news, traffic and weather channels and other content,
as well as podcasts and infotainment services, in the United States
on a subscription basis. Sirius XM’s premier content bundles
include live, curated and certain exclusive and on demand
programming. The Sirius XM service is distributed through our two
proprietary satellite radio systems and streamed via the SXM App
for mobile devices, home devices and other consumer electronic
equipment. Radios are primarily distributed through
automakers, retailers and our website. Our Sirius XM service is
also available through our user interface, which we call “360L,”
that combines our satellite and streaming services into a single,
cohesive in-vehicle entertainment experience.
The primary source of revenue from our Sirius XM business is
subscription fees, with most of our customers subscribing to
monthly, quarterly, semi-annual or annual plans. We also
derive revenue from advertising on select non-music channels,
direct sales of our radios and accessories, and other ancillary
services. As of December 31, 2022, our Sirius XM
business had approximately 34.3 million subscribers.
In addition to our audio entertainment businesses, we provide
connected vehicle services to several automakers. These services
are designed to enhance the safety, security and driving experience
of consumers. We also offer a suite of data services that includes
graphical weather, fuel prices, sports schedules and scores and
movie listings, a traffic information service that includes
information as to road closings, traffic flow and incident data to
consumers with compatible in-vehicle navigation systems, and
real-time weather services in vehicles, boats and
planes.
Sirius XM also holds a 70% equity interest and 33% voting interest
in Sirius XM Canada Holdings Inc. (“Sirius XM
Canada”).
Pandora and Off-platform
Our Pandora and Off-platform business operates a music, comedy and
podcast streaming platform, offering a personalized experience for
each listener wherever and whenever they want to listen, whether
through mobile devices, car speakers or connected devices. Pandora
enables listeners to create personalized stations and playlists,
discover new content, hear artist- and expert-curated playlists,
podcasts and select Sirius XM content as well as search and play
songs and albums on-demand. Pandora is available as (1) an
ad-supported radio service, (2) a radio subscription service
(Pandora Plus) and (3) an on-demand subscription service (Pandora
Premium). As of December 31, 2022, Pandora had approximately
6.2 million subscribers.
The majority of revenue from our Pandora and Off-platform business
is generated from advertising on our Pandora ad-supported radio
service. We also derive subscription revenue from our Pandora Plus
and Pandora Premium subscribers.
We sell advertising on other audio platforms and in widely
distributed podcasts, which we consider to be off-platform
services.
Podcasting
In 2020, Sirius XM acquired Stitcher, a leader in the distribution
of podcasts. Stitcher has agreements to serve as the ad sales
representative for many podcasts.
Sirius XM subscribers can also listen to their favorite podcasts
with streaming access via the SXM App and online. Covering topics
such as true crime, news, politics, music, comedy, sports and
entertainment, Sirius XM's curated selection of podcasts comes from
third parties such as Audiochuck, Crooked Media and NBC
News.
Our Pandora business also offered a portal, “Pandora For
Podcasters,” for podcasters to share their podcast with new
audiences and gather data about their show. In 2022, Pandora for
Podcasters migrated to a new podcaster portal, Simplecast Creator
Connect. Podcasts submitted through this portal are offered to
subscribers of Pandora’s ad-supported service as an additional
benefit.
Through our Simplecast business we also offer a podcast management
and analytics platform, allowing us to offer podcasters a solution
for management, hosting, analytics and advertising
sales.
SXM Media
SXM Media is a combined sales group spanning our Sirius XM,
Pandora, and Stitcher audio entertainment platforms and services.
SXM Media has a reach of more than 150 million monthly listeners,
and gives brands, creators, and publishers access to the largest
digital audio advertising platform in North America. SXM Media also
sells advertising on audio platforms and in podcasts unaffiliated
with us and serves as the exclusive advertising representative for
other third party platforms and podcasters, including such major
entities as SoundCloud and NBCUniversal.
SXM Media offers advertisers the ability to execute campaigns in
the United States across various platforms, including Pandora and
SoundCloud. In addition, through AdsWizz Inc., we provide a
comprehensive digital audio and programmatic advertising technology
platform, which connects audio publishers and advertisers with a
variety of ad insertion, campaign trafficking, yield optimization,
programmatic buying, marketplace and monetization
solutions.
Our Sirius XM Business
Programming
We offer a dynamic programming lineup of commercial-free music plus
sports, entertainment, comedy, talk, and news,
including:
•an
extensive selection of music genres, ranging from rock, pop and
hip-hop to country, dance, jazz, Latin and classical;
•live
play-by-play sports from major leagues and colleges;
•a
multitude of talk, entertainment and comedy channels for a variety
of audiences;
•a
wide range of national, international and financial news;
and
•exclusive
limited run channels.
We believe that our broad and diverse programming, including our
lineup of exclusive content, is a significant differentiator from
terrestrial radio and other audio entertainment
providers. We make changes to our programming lineup
from time to time as we strive to attract new subscribers and offer
content which appeals to a broad range of audiences and to our
existing subscribers. The channel lineups for our
services are available at siriusxm.com.
Our Sirius XM business aims to be a platform for diverse
perspectives and to facilitate dialogue on a broad set of issues.
This is reflected across the content provided to listeners, which
includes channels dedicated to diverse and historically
underrepresented groups, as well as broader programming celebrating
such events as Black History Month, Latinx and Hispanic Heritage
Month, LGBTQIA+ Pride Month, and Women’s History Month. We continue
to expand our offerings, including through programming that
represents diverse viewpoints, historically underserved audiences
and original content of a type not typically available to
consumers.
Sirius XM Streaming Service
Our streaming service includes a variety of music and non-music
channels, including channels and content that are not available on
our satellite radio service, and podcasts. Consumers can access our
streaming service on smartphones, tablets, computers, home devices
and other consumer electronic equipment.
Our streaming product currently features: the broad range of music,
sports, talk, news and entertainment channels available on
satellite radio; access to over 200 additional music channels,
which we refer to as Xtra Music Channels; and video content,
including video from The Howard Stern Show and performances and
interviews from Sirius XM’s archives, including in-studio
performances and behind-the-scenes moments with artists,
personalities and newsmakers.
Our Sirius XM service also includes a library of podcasts, some of
which are exclusive to our service, and other on demand
content.
Our streaming service is included as part of the vast majority of
Sirius XM’s packages, including the Music and Entertainment and
Platinum plans. Our Personalized Stations Powered by Pandora
feature, which allows subscribers to create their own customized
commercial-free music stations within the SXM App, is offered to
consumers as part of the price of Sirius XM’s Platinum and Platinum
VIP plans. We also offer our streaming service in several
standalone packages, which do not include a satellite radio
subscription. These packages, which include the Streaming Platinum
Plan and the Streaming Music and Entertainment Plan, are available
to consumers at various prices and include a variety of
content.
We have entered into agreements with third parties designed to
increase the distribution and ease of use of our streaming service,
including through connected devices. We also have arrangements with
various services and consumer electronics manufacturers to include
the Sirius XM streaming functionality with their service and
devices.
360L
Our next generation automotive platform, which we call “360L,”
combines our satellite and streaming services into a single,
cohesive in-vehicle entertainment experience. We have agreements
with many automakers to deploy our 360L interface in a variety of
vehicles. In 2022, our 360L platform was included in approximately
110 vehicle models manufactured for sale in the United States. We
expect that 360L will be included in a majority of vehicles that
include Sirius XM functionality in the future.
360L allows us to take advantage of advanced in-dash infotainment
systems. 360L is intended to leverage the ubiquitous signal
coverage and low delivery costs of our satellite infrastructure
with the two-way communication capability of a wireless streaming
service to provide consumers seamless access to our content,
including our live channels, on demand service, podcasts and even
more personalized music services. The wireless streaming connection
included in 360L enables enhanced search and recommendations
functions, making discovery of our content in the vehicle easier.
360L also provides us data on how our subscribers use our
service.
Distribution of Radios
New Vehicles
We distribute satellite radios through the sale and lease of new
vehicles. We have agreements with major automakers to
offer satellite radios in their vehicles. Satellite
radios are available as a factory-installed feature in
substantially all vehicle makes sold in the United
States.
Most automakers include a subscription to our service in the sale
or lease of their new vehicles. In certain cases, we
receive subscription payments from automakers in advance of the
activation of our service. We share with certain
automakers a portion of the revenues we derive from subscribers
using vehicles equipped to receive our service. We also
reimburse various automakers for certain costs associated with the
satellite radios installed in new vehicles, including in certain
cases hardware costs, engineering expenses and promotional and
advertising expenses.
Previously Owned Vehicles
We acquire subscribers through the sale and lease of previously
owned vehicles with factory-installed satellite
radios. We have entered into agreements with many
automakers to include a subscription to our service in the sale or
lease of vehicles which include satellite radios sold through their
certified pre-owned programs. We also work directly with
franchise and independent dealers on programs for non-certified
used vehicles.
We have developed systems and methods to identify purchasers and
lessees of previously owned vehicles which include satellite radios
and have established marketing plans to promote our services to
these potential subscribers.
Retail
We sell satellite radios directly to consumers through our
website. Satellite radios are also marketed and
distributed through national, regional and online retailers, such
as Amazon.com.
Our Satellite Radio Systems
Our satellite radio systems are designed to provide clear reception
in most areas of the continental United States despite variations
in terrain, buildings and other obstructions. We
continually monitor our infrastructure and regularly evaluate
improvements in technology.
Our satellite radio systems have three principal
components:
•satellites,
terrestrial repeaters and other satellite facilities;
•studios; and
•radios.
Satellites, Terrestrial Repeaters and Other Satellite
Facilities
Satellites.
We provide our service through a fleet of orbiting geostationary
satellites. Two of these satellites, FM-5 and FM-6, transmit our
service on frequencies originally licensed by the Federal
Communications Commission (the “FCC”) to Sirius, and two of these
satellites, XM-5 and SXM-8, transmit our service on frequencies
originally licensed by the FCC to XM. Our XM-3 and XM-4 satellites
serve as spares for the XM system.
On December 13, 2020, our SXM-7 satellite was successfully launched
and in-orbit testing of SXM-7 began on January 4, 2021. During
in-orbit testing of SXM-7 events occurred which caused failures of
certain SXM-7 payload units. The evaluation of SXM-7 concluded that
the satellite would not function as intended. SXM-7 remains
in-orbit at its assigned orbital location, but is not being used to
provide satellite radio service.
We have entered into agreements for the design and construction of
four additional satellites, SXM-9, SXM-10, SXM-11 and SXM-12. We
have also entered into agreements to launch two of those
satellites. Construction of our SXM-9 and SXM-10 satellites is
underway and those satellites are expected to be launched into
geostationary orbits in 2024 and 2025, respectively. Construction
of our SXM-11 and SXM-12 satellites is expected to begin shortly
and those satellites are anticipated to be launched into
geostationary orbits in 2026 and 2027, respectively.
Satellite Insurance. We
have procured insurance for SXM-9, SXM-10, SXM-11 and SXM-12 to
cover the risks associated with each satellite's launch and first
year of in-orbit operation. We do not have insurance policies
covering our other in-orbit satellites as we consider the premium
costs to be uneconomical relative to the risk of satellite
failure.
Terrestrial Repeaters. In
some areas with high concentrations of tall buildings, such as
urban centers, signals from our satellites may be blocked and
reception of satellite signals can be adversely
affected. In other areas with a high density of next
generation wireless systems our service may experience
interference. In many of these areas, we have deployed terrestrial
repeaters to supplement and enhance our signal coverage and, in
other areas, we may deploy additional repeaters to mitigate
interference. We operate over 1,000 terrestrial
repeaters across the United States as part of our
systems.
Other Satellite Facilities. We
control and communicate with our satellites from facilities in
North America. Our satellites are monitored, tracked and controlled
by a third party satellite operator.
Studios
Our programming originates from studios in New York City, Los
Angeles, Miami and Washington D.C. and, to a lesser extent, from
smaller studios in Nashville and a variety of venues across the
country. Our corporate headquarters is in New York City.
We provide equipment to artists and hosts to enable remote creation
and transmission of programming.
Radios
We do not manufacture radios. We have authorized
manufacturers and distributors to produce and distribute radios,
and have licensed our technology to various electronics
manufacturers to develop, manufacture and distribute radios under
certain brands. We do manage various aspects of the
production of satellite radios. To facilitate the sale
of radios, we may subsidize a portion of the radio manufacturing
costs to reduce the hardware price to consumers.
Connected Vehicle Services
We provide connected vehicle services to several automakers. Our
connected vehicle services are designed to enhance the safety,
security and driving experience for vehicle operators while
providing marketing and operational benefits to automakers and
their dealers. We offer a portfolio of location-based
services through two-way wireless connectivity, including safety,
security, convenience, maintenance and data services, remote
vehicle diagnostics, and stolen or parked vehicle locator services.
Subscribers to our connected vehicle services are not included in
our subscriber count or subscriber-based operating
metrics.
Other Services
Commercial Accounts. Our
programming is available for commercial establishments. Our
wholly-owned subsidiary, Cloud Cover Media, Inc. (“Cloud Cover”),
offers a music programming service for commercial establishments.
Commercial subscription accounts are also available through Pandora
for Business and SiriusXM for Business, each of which offers a
licensed, commercial-free music service for offices, restaurants
and other business establishments.
Satellite Television Service.
Certain of our music channels are offered as part of select
programming packages on the DISH Network satellite television
service.
Travel Link. We
offer Travel Link, a suite of data services that includes graphical
weather, fuel prices, sports schedules and scores and movie
listings.
Real-Time Traffic Services. We
offer services that provide graphic information as to road
closings, traffic flow and incident data to consumers with
compatible in-vehicle navigation systems.
Real-Time Weather Services. We
offer real-time weather services in vehicles, boats and
planes.
Commercial subscribers to the Sirius XM programming service are
included in our subscriber count. Commercial subscribers to the
Cloud Cover music programming service are not included in our
subscriber count. Subscribers to the DISH Network satellite
television service are not included in our subscriber count and
subscribers to our Travel Link, real-time traffic services and
real-time weather services are not included in our subscriber
count, unless the applicable service is purchased by the subscriber
separately and not as part of a radio subscription to our
service.
Sirius XM Canada
Sirius XM holds a 70% equity interest and 33% voting interest in
Sirius XM Canada, with the remainder of Sirius XM Canada's voting
and equity interests held by two shareholders.
In 2022, Sirius XM and Sirius XM Canada entered into an amended and
restated services and distribution agreement. The amended and
restated services and distribution agreement modified the existing
Services Agreement and terminated the existing Advisory Agreement
between Sirius XM and Sirius XM Canada. Pursuant to the amended and
restated services and distribution agreement, the fee payable by
Sirius XM Canada to Sirius XM was modified from a fixed percentage
of revenue to a variable fee, based on a target operating profit
for Sirius XM Canada. Such variable fee is expected to be evaluated
annually based on comparable companies. In accordance with the
amended and restated services and distribution agreement, the fee
is payable on a monthly basis, in arrears, beginning January 1,
2022.
In May 2017, Sirius XM extended a loan to Sirius XM Canada in the
principal amount of $131 million. In connection with the execution
of the amended and restated services and distribution agreement,
Sirius XM forgave $113 million in principal amount of such loan to
Sirius XM Canada, leaving an outstanding principal amount of $8
million on such loan. The principal amount that was forgiven by
Sirius XM was considered satisfied and as contributed capital from
Sirius XM.
As of December 31, 2022, Sirius XM Canada had approximately
2.6 million subscribers. Sirius XM Canada’s subscribers are not
included in our subscriber count or subscriber-based operating
metrics.
Our Pandora and Off-platform Business
Pandora Media, LLC, which owns and operates our Pandora business,
is a wholly owned subsidiary of Sirius XM.
Streaming Radio and On-Demand Music Services
Our Pandora business offers a personalized audio entertainment
platform for each listener. Users are able to create personalized
stations and playlists and search and play songs and albums
on-demand. The Pandora service utilizes content programming
algorithms, data collected from listeners, and attributes of the
music to predict user music preferences, play content suited to the
tastes of each listener, and introduce each listener to music
consistent with the consumer's preferences.
The Pandora service is available on iOS and Android mobile devices,
web browsers, and other internet connected devices. The Pandora
application is free to download and use. Our Pandora service is
also available in vehicles in the United States with smartphone
connectivity. Certain automakers now provide embedded streaming
connectivity that supports and makes available the Pandora service
in vehicles without the need for smartphone connectivity. In
addition, our Pandora service is integrated into consumer
electronic, voice-based devices and smart speakers.
The Pandora service is available as (1) an ad-supported radio
service, (2) a radio subscription service (Pandora Plus) and (3) an
on-demand subscription service (Pandora Premium). Local and
national advertisers deliver targeted messages to our Pandora
listeners on the ad-supported service.
Ad-Supported Radio Service
Our Pandora business offers an ad-supported radio service which
allows listeners to access our catalog of music, comedy, live
streams and podcasts through personalized stations. This service is
free across all platforms and generates stations specific to each
listener. Each listener can personalize their stations by adding
variety to the content.
Listeners of the ad-supported service are provided with the option
to temporarily access on-demand listening, including certain
features of the Pandora Premium service. We refer to this temporary
access as “Premium Access”.
Subscription Radio Service (Pandora Plus)
Our Pandora business offers Pandora Plus – an ad-free, subscription
version of the radio service that includes options for replaying
songs, skipping songs, offline listening, and higher quality audio
on supported devices. Content provided to each listener of Pandora
Plus is more tailored when the listener interacts with the
platform. Premium Access is also available to Pandora Plus
listeners.
On-Demand Subscription Service (Pandora Premium)
Our Pandora business offers Pandora Premium – an on-demand
subscription service that combines the radio features of Pandora
Plus with an on-demand experience. The on-demand experience
provides listeners with the ability to search, play and collect
songs and albums, download content for offline listening, build
playlists, listen to curated playlists and share playlists on
social networks. Listeners can also create partial playlists that
Pandora can complete based on the listener’s activity. Listeners
through mobile devices have access to customized profiles which
identify information specific to each listener such as recent
favorites, playlists and thumbs.
Pandora Premium incorporates social networking features including a
centralized stream where listeners can view the music that their
social connections are experiencing and provide and receive
recommendations for songs, albums and playlists. Pandora Premium
also includes a “share” feature where consumers can share their
stations, songs, albums, podcasts or playlists through social
media, messaging applications and email.
SXM Media
SXM Media is a combined sales group spanning our Sirius XM,
Pandora, and Stitcher audio entertainment platforms and services.
SXM Media has a reach of more than 150 million listeners, and gives
brands, creators, and publishers access to the largest digital
audio advertising platform in North America. SXM Media also serves
as the exclusive advertising representative for other third party
platforms and podcasters, including such major entities as
SoundCloud and NBCUniversal.
SXM Media is the exclusive advertising sales representative for our
Sirius XM, Pandora and Stitcher platforms. In addition to
subscription fees, Sirius XM derives revenues from advertising on
select non-music channels. Pandora’s primary source of revenue is
the sale of audio, display and video advertising for connected
device platforms, including computers and mobile devices. Our
Pandora business maintains a portfolio of proprietary advertising
technologies which include order management, advertising serving
and timing, native advertising formats, targeting and reporting.
Pandora provides advertisers with the ability to target and connect
with listeners based on various criteria including age, gender,
geographic location and content preferences.
Stitcher
Stitcher licenses original podcasts from their creators and
operates content networks. Stitcher also provides podcast
advertising services that generate revenue from over 430 shows and
offers a mobile app listening platform where consumers can stream
the latest in news, sports, talk, and entertainment on demand.
Stitcher creates and distributes original podcasts licensed from
third parties through platforms such as its Stitcher App and the
iPhone podcast App.
Stitcher earns revenue by distributing advertising on certain owned
and operated podcasts as well as those created by third parties,
including placement based on an advertiser’s desired target
audience, and from the sale of advertising on its licensed podcasts
and podcasts offered within the Stitcher App.
In addition to advertising revenue, Stitcher earns subscription
revenue from its Stitcher Premium subscription service. Users pay a
monthly or annual fee for access on Stitcher Premium to premium
content and ad-free archived podcast episodes.
AdsWizz
Through its AdsWizz subsidiary, our Pandora business is a leader in
digital audio advertising technology. AdsWizz operates a digital
audio advertising market with an end-to-end technology platform,
including a digital audio software suite of solutions that connect
audio publishers to the advertising community. AdsWizz offers a
range of products – from dynamic ad insertion to advanced
programmatic platforms to innovative new audio formats. AdsWizz’s
advertising technology also includes ad campaign monitoring tools
and other audio advertising products, such as audio formats that
enable consumers to trigger an action while listening to an ad as
well as other personalization-based technology.
AdsWizz’s technology is employed by Pandora in its ad-supported
business as well as by third party customers. AdsWizz’s third party
customers include well-known music platforms, podcasts and
broadcasting groups worldwide.
Simplecast
Pandora, through its Simplecast business, also offers a podcast
management and analytics platform. Simplecast complements AdsWizz’s
advertising technology platform, allowing the company to offer
podcasters a solution for management, hosting, analytics and
advertising sales.
Competition
We face significant competition for listeners and advertisers in
our Sirius XM business and our Pandora and Off-platform business,
including from providers of radio and other audio
services.
Competition for Subscribers and Listeners
Traditional AM/FM Radio
Our Sirius XM services and Pandora services compete with
traditional AM/FM radio. Traditional AM/FM radio has a
well-established demand for its services and offers free broadcasts
paid for by commercial advertising rather than by subscription
fees. Many radio stations offer information programming
of a local nature, such as local news and sports. The
availability of traditional free AM/FM radio may reduce the
likelihood that customers would be willing to pay for our
subscription services. Several traditional radio companies own
large numbers of radio stations and other media properties, such as
podcast networks.
Streaming and On-Demand Competitors
Streaming and on-demand services, including Amazon Prime, Apple
Music, Spotify and YouTube, compete with our Sirius XM and Pandora
services. Major online providers make high fidelity
digital streams available at no cost or, in some cases, for less
than the cost of a satellite radio subscription. Certain
of these services include advanced functionality, such as
personalization and customization and allow the user to access
large libraries of content. These services, in some
instances, are also offered through devices sold by the service
providers including Apple, Google and Amazon. For some consumers,
these services compete with our services, at home, in vehicles, and
wherever audio entertainment is consumed.
Advanced In-Dash Infotainment Systems
Nearly all automakers have deployed integrated multimedia systems
in dashboards, including Apple CarPlay and Android
Auto. These systems combine control of audio
entertainment from a variety of sources, including AM/FM/HD radio
broadcasts, satellite radio, streaming radio, smartphone
applications and stored audio, with navigation and other advanced
applications. Streaming radio and other data are
typically connected to the system through an Internet-enabled
smartphone or wireless modem installed in the vehicle, and the
entire system may be controlled by touchscreen or voice
recognition. These systems enhance the attractiveness of
internet based competitors by making such applications more
prominent, easier to access, and safer to use in
vehicles.
Direct Broadcast Satellite and Cable Audio
A number of providers offer specialized audio services through
either direct broadcast satellite or cable audio
systems. These services are targeted to fixed locations,
mostly in-home, but also include mobile
entertainment. The radio service offered by direct
broadcast satellite and cable audio is often included as part of a
package of digital services with video service, and video customers
generally do not pay an additional monthly charge for the audio
service. In addition, other services offered by these providers,
such as cable television, on-demand video streaming, and
interactive video games compete with our services to the extent
they utilize existing or potential users' and listeners' time that
could otherwise be allocated to the use of our Sirius XM or Pandora
services.
Other Digital Media Services
The audio entertainment marketplace continues to evolve rapidly,
with a steady emergence of new media platforms that compete with
both our Sirius XM and Pandora services now or that could compete
with those services in the future.
Traffic Services
For our Sirius XM business, a number of providers compete with our
traffic services, particularly by smartphones offering GPS mapping
with sophisticated data-based turn navigation.
Connected Vehicle Services
Our Sirius XM connected vehicle services business operates in a
highly competitive environment and competes with several providers
as well as with products being developed for vehicles by automakers
and other third parties. OnStar, a division of General
Motors, also offers connected vehicle services in GM
vehicles. Wireless devices, such as mobile phones, are
also competitors. We compete against other connected vehicle
service providers for automaker arrangements on the basis of
innovation, service quality and reliability, technical capabilities
and system customization, scope of service, industry experience,
past performance and price.
Competition for Advertisers
Our competition for advertisers includes large scale online
advertising platforms such as Amazon, Facebook and Google;
traditional media companies such as television broadcasters and
national print outlets; broadcast radio providers; podcast
distributors and networks; and companies in the broadcast radio
market. We compete against these providers for advertisers on the
basis of several factors, including advertisers’ overall budgets,
perceived return on investment, effectiveness and relevance of our
advertising platforms, the amount and scope of our data on
listeners, price, delivery of large volumes or precise types of
advertisements to targeted demographics, transactional capabilities
and reporting capabilities.
The online advertising marketplace continues to evolve rapidly,
particularly with the introduction of new digital advertising
technologies and expanding capabilities of larger internet
companies.
Government Regulation
General
We are subject to a number of foreign and domestic laws and
regulations relating to consumer protection, information security
and data protection. There are several States that require specific
information security controls to protect certain types of
information and specific notifications to consumers in the event of
a security breach that compromises certain categories of personal
information. Certain of our services are also subject to laws in
the United States and abroad pertaining to privacy of user data and
other information, including the California Consumer Privacy Act
and the European General Data Protection Regulation. Our Privacy
Policies and customer agreements describe our
practices.
We believe we comply with all of our obligations under all
applicable laws and regulations.
Our Sirius XM Business
As operators of a privately-owned satellite system, we are
regulated by the FCC under the Communications Act of 1934,
principally with respect to:
•the
licensing of our satellite systems;
•preventing
interference with or to other users of radio
frequencies; and
•compliance
with FCC rules established specifically for U.S. satellites
and satellite radio services.
Any assignment or transfer of control of our FCC licenses must be
approved by the FCC. The FCC's order approving our
merger with XM Satellite Radio Holdings Inc. in July 2008 requires
us to comply with certain voluntary commitments we made as part of
the FCC merger proceeding. We believe we comply with
those commitments.
In 1997, we were the winning bidders for FCC licenses to operate a
satellite digital audio radio service and provide other ancillary
services. Our FCC licenses for our Sirius satellites
expire in 2025 and 2030. Our FCC licenses for our XM satellites
expire in 2023, 2026 and 2029. We anticipate that, absent
significant misconduct on our part, the FCC will renew our licenses
to permit operation of our satellites for their useful lives, and
grant licenses for any replacement satellites.
In some areas, we have installed terrestrial repeaters to
supplement our satellite signal coverage. The FCC has
established rules governing terrestrial repeaters and has granted
us a license through 2027 to operate our repeater
network.
In certain cases, we obtain FCC certifications for satellite
radios, including satellite radios that include FM
modulators. We believe our radios that are in production
comply with all applicable FCC rules.
We are required to obtain export licenses or other approvals from
the United States government to export certain equipment, services
and technical data related to our satellites and their
operations. The transfer of such equipment, services and
technical data outside the United States or to foreign persons is
subject to strict export control and prior approval requirements
from the United States government (including prohibitions on the
sharing of certain satellite-related goods and services with
China).
Changes in law or regulations relating to communications policy or
to matters affecting our services could adversely affect our
ability to retain our FCC licenses or the manner in which we
operate.
Copyrights to Programming
In connection with our businesses, we must enter into royalty
arrangements with two sets of rights holders: holders of
musical compositions copyrights (that is, the music and lyrics) and
holders of sound recordings copyrights (that is, the actual
recording of a work). Our Sirius XM business and our Pandora
business use both statutory and direct music licenses as part of
their businesses. We license varying rights - such as performance
and mechanical rights - for use in our Sirius XM and Pandora
businesses based on the various radio and interactive services they
offer. Set forth below is a brief overview of the music composition
and sound recording licenses employed by our Sirius XM and Pandora
businesses. These music licensing arrangements are complex and the
description below is only a summary of these complicated licensing
schemes.
Musical Compositions: Performance Rights and Mechanical
Rights
The holders of performance rights in musical compositions,
generally songwriters and music publishers, are represented by
performing rights organizations such as the American Society of
Composers, Authors and Publishers (“ASCAP”), Broadcast Music, Inc.
(“BMI”), SESAC, Inc. (“SESAC”) and Global Music Rights LLC (“GMR”).
These organizations negotiate fees with copyright users, collect
royalties and distribute them to the rights holders.
The holders of the mechanical rights in musical compositions,
generally songwriters and music publishers, have traditionally
licensed these rights through the statutory license set forth in
Section 115 of the United States Copyright Act; however, mechanical
rights can also be licensed directly.
The changing market for musical compositions may have an adverse
effect on our Sirius XM business and our Pandora business,
including increasing our costs and limiting the musical works
available to us.
Sirius XM Business.
We have arrangements with ASCAP, BMI, SESAC, and GMR to license the
musical compositions we perform on our satellite radio and
streaming services. Our Sirius XM business does not require a
mechanical license.
Pandora Business.
We have arrangements with ASCAP, BMI, SESAC, GMR and a variety of
other copyright owners to license the musical compositions
performance rights we use on our Pandora services. For our Pandora
ad-supported radio service, certain copyright holders receive as a
performance royalty their usage-based and ownership-based share of
a royalty pool equal to 21.5% of the content acquisition costs that
we pay for sound recordings on our ad-supported service and others
receive a fixed fee.
Pandora must also license reproduction rights, which are also
referred to as mechanical rights, to offer the interactive features
of the Pandora services. For our Pandora subscription services,
copyright holders receive payments for these rights at the rates
determined in accordance with the statutory license set forth in
Section 115 of the United States Copyright Act. In January 2018,
the Copyright Royalty Board (the “CRB”) set a rate structure for
the five-year period commencing January 1, 2018 and ending on
December 31, 2022 (“Phono III”). The rate was the greater of 15.1%
of revenues or 26.2% of record label payments in 2022, with each
rate prong increasing from slightly lower percentages in years
prior to 2022.
In July 2022, after the Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit
vacated the CRB’s initial rate determination, the CRB issued a new
ruling that retained the first prong from its initial determination
(with rates increasing up to 15.1% of revenues in 2022), but
revised the second rate prong downward, from 26.2% to 21% of record
label payments for each year for 2018-2022. Music publishers have
challenged that downward adjustment, and a decision from the CRB on
that challenge is expected to be issued in 2023. Following that
decision, Pandora will make retroactive adjustments to its
2018-2022 payments to the extent that the new, final rates differ
from those under which its previous payments were
made.
In September 2022, in a CRB proceeding to determine mechanical
royalty rates under Section 115 for the five-year period commencing
January 1, 2023 and ending December 31, 2027 (“Phono IV”), the
participating music publishers and digital music services,
including Pandora, reached a settlement. That settlement set the
rates at the greater of 15.1% of revenues or 26.2% of record label
payments for 2023, rising over the five-year period to 15.35% of
revenues or 26.2% of record label payments by 2027. That settlement
was adopted by the CRB on December 30, 2022, and became effective
on January 1, 2023.
Sound Recordings
Operators of a non-interactive satellite radio or streaming service
are entitled to license sound recordings under the statutory
license contained in Section 114 of the United States Copyright Act
(the “statutory license”). Under the statutory license, we may
negotiate royalty arrangements with the owners of sound recordings
or, if negotiation is unsuccessful, the royalty rate is established
by the CRB. Sound recording rights holders, typically large record
companies, are primarily
represented by SoundExchange, Inc. (“SoundExchange”), an
organization which negotiates licenses, and collects and
distributes royalties on behalf of record companies and performing
artists.
Interactive streaming services, such as Pandora Plus and Pandora
Premium, do not qualify for the statutory license and those
services must negotiate direct license arrangements with the owners
of copyrights in sound recordings.
Sirius XM Business.
For the ten-year period commencing January 1, 2018 and ending on
December 31, 2027, the CRB set the royalty rate payable by us under
the statutory license covering the performance of sound recordings
over our Sirius XM satellite radio service, and the making of
ephemeral (server) copies in support of such performances, to be
15.5% of gross revenues, subject to exclusions and adjustments. The
revenue subject to royalty includes subscription revenue from our
U.S. satellite digital audio radio subscribers, and advertising
revenue from channels other than those channels that make only
incidental performances of sound recordings. The rates and terms
permit us to reduce the payment due each month for those sound
recordings directly licensed from copyright owners and exclude from
our revenue certain other items, such as royalties paid to us for
intellectual property, sales and use taxes, bad debt expense and
generally revenue attributable to areas of our business that do not
involve the use of copyrighted sound recordings.
In 2022, we paid a per performance rate for the streaming of
certain sound recordings of $0.0028 on our Sirius XM streaming
service which increased from $0.0026 in 2021.
Pandora Business.
For our Pandora business, we have entered into direct license
agreements with major and independent music labels and distributors
for a significant majority of the sound recordings that stream on
the Pandora ad-supported service, Pandora Plus and Pandora
Premium.
For sound recordings that we stream and for which we have not
entered into a direct license agreement with the sound recording
rights holders, the sound recordings are streamed pursuant to the
statutory license, and applicable rates thereunder set by the CRB.
Sound recordings subject to the statutory license can only be
played through our radio services and not through services that are
offered on-demand or offline or through any replay features. The
royalty rates under many of those direct licenses, which cover a
large majority of the sound recordings that we perform on Pandora,
are indexed to the statutory rates established by the
CRB.
Prior to the enactment of the Orrin G. Hatch-Bob Goodlatte Music
Modernization Act in October 2018, our rights to perform certain
sound recordings that were fixed before February 15, 1972 were
governed by state law. We still face a class action lawsuit brought
by plaintiffs who allege that Pandora violated their alleged
exclusive copyright ownership rights to the reproduction of sound
recordings created prior to February 15, 1972. See “Item 3. Legal
Proceedings” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for information on
this action.
Trademarks
Sirius XM Business
We have registered, and intend to maintain, the trademarks
“Sirius”, “XM”, “SiriusXM” and “SXM” with the United States Patent
and Trademark Office in connection with the services we offer. We
are not aware of any material claims of infringement or other
challenges to our right to use the “Sirius”, “XM”, “SiriusXM” or
“SXM” trademarks in the United States. We also have
registered, and intend to maintain, trademarks for the names of
certain of our channels. We have also registered the
trademarks “Sirius”, “XM” and “SiriusXM” in Canada. We have granted
a license to use certain of our trademarks in Canada to Sirius XM
Canada.
Pandora and Off-platform Business
We have registered, and intend to maintain, the trademarks
“Pandora,” “Ampcast” and “Music Genome Project,” in addition to a
number of other Pandora logos and marks, with the United States
Patent and Trademark Office in connection with the services we
offer. We also have registered the trademark “Pandora” in
Australia, Canada, Chile, the European Union, India, Israel,
Mexico, New Zealand, Switzerland, Taiwan and other countries, and
the trademark “Music Genome Project” in Australia, Canada, China
and New Zealand.
Human Capital Resources
General
As of December 31, 2022, we had 5,869 full-time and part-time
employees, the overwhelming majority of which were full-time
employees. As of December 31, 2022, our workforce increased by
approximately 5% compared to the prior year, and our core voluntary
full-time employee turnover rate was approximately
10.1%.
Our business relies on our ability to attract, engage and retain
talented employees. We strive to create a diverse, inclusive and
supportive workplace, with opportunities for our employees to grow
and develop in their careers, supported by competitive
compensation, benefits and health and wellness programs, and by
programs that build connections between our employees and their
communities.
Our Culture
We are focused on creating a culture of integrity and respect, with
the goal of working together to drive our business to be creative,
innovative and competitive. In 2022, we announced a new set of core
values to our workforce: “We believe we will shape the future of
audio because we are: authentic, inclusive, curious and driven”. We
intend to employ these core values to inform and guide the
decisions and behaviors of our employees.
We operate a performance-based environment where results matter and
financial discipline is enforced. We have a highly collaborative
culture in which employees feel a sense of pride that their input
is sought after and valued. At the same time, we believe in holding
individuals accountable for results and employees are empowered and
expected to “do what they say they are going to do.” We believe
that our culture is a long-term competitive advantage for us, fuels
our ability to execute and is a critical underpinning of our
employee talent strategy. The Compensation Committee of our Board
of Directors oversees our management continuity planning process,
and reviews and evaluates succession plans relating to our Chief
Executive Officer and other executive officers.
Diversity, Equity and Inclusion
We believe that a diverse workforce is critical to our success. We
cultivate an inclusive environment where human differences are
valued, respected, supported and amplified. We have taken actions
to recruit, retain, develop and advance a diverse and talented
workforce. Our diversity, equity and inclusion efforts are led by
our Senior Vice President, Head of Diversity, Equity &
Inclusion. This position regularly reports to our Chief Executive
Officer, works with our executive officers and provides updates to
our Board of Directors. The charter for the Nominating,
Environmental, Social and Governance Committee of our Board of
Directors requires such committee to review and make
recommendations, as the committee deems appropriate, regarding the
composition and size of the Board of Directors in order to ensure
the Board of Directors has the requisite expertise and its
membership consists of persons with sufficiently diverse and
independent backgrounds.
We periodically request our employees to voluntarily self-identify
personal information related to gender, race, ethnicity, veteran
and disability status. This information about the demographics of
our employee population allows us to assess and evaluate our
diversity, equity and inclusion efforts.
As of December 31, 2022, 41% of our employees identified as women
and 38% identified as people of color (African American, Latinx,
Asian, and Native American). At our executive leadership level
(which we define as employees at the vice president and above
level), 32% of our employees identified as women and 15% identified
as people of color. We expect to release updated information
regarding the composition of our workforce on an annual
basis.
We are focused on increasing the representation of women and people
of color at all levels of our organization. We recruit talent in
diverse communities, including by engaging as a sponsor of
professional conferences focused on diverse talent. Our Pathways
program provides recent graduates of Historically Black Colleges
and Universities with entry-level full-time opportunities. We also
have agreements with third parties designed to offer leadership
development for Black, Latinx, Native American and Asian employees.
Additionally, we provide a mentoring program to help
underrepresented employees benefit from coaching, guidance, and
feedback. We have five employee resource groups, including groups
supporting women, people of color, veterans, the LGBTQIA+ community
and employees with disabilities.
We have implemented a broad set of anti-harassment and
discrimination policies designed to protect against discrimination
based upon sex, gender, race, color, religion/religious creed,
national origin, ancestry, physical or mental disability, genetic
information, age, marital status, pregnancy, sexual orientation,
gender identity, gender expression, sex stereotype, transgender,
immigration status, military and protected veteran status, medical
condition, or any basis prohibited
under federal, state or local law. We also provide regular training
and guidance to our workforce regarding diversity, equity and
inclusion. Our “Can We Talk?” initiative is aimed at increasing
cultural awareness and promoting dialogue. We also offer a program
we call “Conscious Inclusion,” a facilitator-led training required
for all of our full-time U.S. based employees. Conscious Inclusion
enables employees to explore bias and its impact, learn how it
translates to reactions and behaviors towards differences, and is
designed to promote inclusive behaviors in our
workplace.
We also comply with the FCC’s Equal Employment Opportunity (“EEO”)
rules, including making our EEO reports publicly
available.
Health, Safety and Wellness
We are committed to the health, safety and wellness of our
employees. We provide our employees and their families with access
to a variety of health and wellness programs, including benefits
that support their physical and mental health.
Compensation and Benefits
We operate in a highly competitive and technologically challenging
environment. We provide competitive compensation and benefits
programs for our employees. In addition to salaries, these programs
(which vary by employee level and by the country where the
employees are located) include, among other items, bonuses,
equity-based compensation awards, a 401(k) plan and a non-qualified
deferred compensation plan, healthcare and insurance benefits,
health savings and flexible spending accounts, paid time off, paid
parental leave, fertility resources, advocacy resources, flexible
work schedules and employee assistance programs.
Talent Development
We provide numerous training opportunities for our employees, with
a focus on continuous learning and development and methodologies to
manage performance, provide feedback and develop talent. To
supplement the training offerings and variety of content available
to our employees, we launched LinkedIn Learning in 2022. LinkedIn
Learning is an online learning platform which provides our
employees with access to on-demand courses, covering a wide range
of technical, business, software, and creative topics. We also have
an internal digital workplace which provides employees with quick
access to learning resources that cover a variety of
topics.
Our talent development programs attempt to provide employees
resources to achieve career goals and build management and
leadership skills. We offer mentoring programs, management training
and leadership sessions to support the professional growth of our
employees.
Building Connections — With Each Other and our
Communities
Building connections between our employees, their families and our
communities can, in our view, create a more meaningful, fulfilling
and enjoyable workplace. Through our engagement programs, employees
can pursue their interests and hobbies, and connect to each other
and to volunteering and giving opportunities.
Our corporate giving and volunteering programs encourage employees
to give to the causes most meaningful to them. We have a charitable
matching program which offers employees a dollar for dollar match
on their charitable contributions up to a specific cap. In
addition, full-time employees are eligible to receive five days of
paid time off to volunteer with charitable organizations of their
choice. During 2022, over 450 employees volunteered over 6,000
hours, while over 800 employees utilized our charitable matching
program, benefiting more than 1,000 charitable
organizations.
In 2020, we contributed $25 million to a donor advised fund to
support our charitable contributions, an effort we call SiriusXM
Cares. Over the past three years, SiriusXM Cares contributed to a
variety of organizations which promote social equality, education,
hiring, or combat racial injustice, including The Apollo Theater,
The Smithsonian Institute’s National Museum of African American
History and Culture, Save The Music, Huston-Tillotson University,
Asian Americans Advancing Justice, South Asian Americans Leading
Together, the Alliance for Women in Media, the Human Rights
Campaign, TASH (an international advocacy association of people
with disabilities, their family members, other advocates, and
people who work in the disability field), the League of United
Latin American Citizens, the Native American Rights Fund, The
Warrior Alliance, the AutoNation Foundation, the St. Thomas Aquinas
College Social Justice Center, United Jewish Appeal Federation of
Jewish Philanthropies of NY, Inc., City of Hope, United States
Holocaust Memorial Museum, and The Last Mile.
Corporate Information and Available Information
Our executive offices are located at 1221 Avenue of the Americas,
35th floor, New York, New York 10020 and our telephone number is
(212) 584-5100. Our internet address is www.siriusxm.com. Our
annual, quarterly and current reports, and any amendments to those
reports, filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange
Act”), may be accessed free of charge through our website as soon
as reasonably practicable after we have electronically filed or
furnished such material with the SEC. The SEC maintains an Internet
site (http://www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and
information statements and other information regarding issuers that
file electronically with the SEC. Siriusxm.com (including any other
reference to such address in this Annual Report) is an inactive
textual reference only, meaning that the information contained on
or accessible from the website is not part of this Annual Report on
Form 10-K and is not incorporated in this report by reference. We
may use our website as a distribution channel of material company
information. Financial and other important information regarding us
is routinely posted on and accessible through our website at
https://www.siriusxm.com. In addition, you may automatically
receive email alerts and other information about us when you enroll
your email address by visiting the “Email Alerts” section under the
“Shareholder Services” heading at
http://investor.siriusxm.com/investor-overview.
Information About Our Executive Officers
Certain information regarding our executive officers as of
January 31, 2023 is provided below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name |
Age |
Position |
Jennifer C. Witz |
54 |
Chief Executive Officer |
Scott A. Greenstein |
63 |
President, Chief Content Officer |
Patrick L. Donnelly |
61 |
Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary |
Joseph Inzerillo
|
50 |
Chief Product and Technology Officer
|
Sean S. Sullivan |
55 |
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
Joseph A. Verbrugge |
53 |
Chief Commercial Officer |
Jennifer C. Witz
has served as our Chief Executive Officer since January 1, 2021.
From March 2019 through December 2020, she was our President,
Sales, Marketing and Operations. From August 2017 until March 2019
she was our Executive Vice President, Chief Marketing Officer. Ms.
Witz joined us in March 2002 and has served in a variety of senior
financial and operating roles. Before joining Sirius XM, Ms. Witz
was Vice President, Planning and Development, at Viacom Inc., a
global media company, and prior to that she was Vice President,
Finance and Corporate Development, at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Inc., an
entertainment company focused on the production and global
distribution of film and television content. Ms. Witz began her
career in the Investment Banking Department at Kidder, Peabody
& Co Inc.
Scott A. Greenstein
has served as our President and Chief Content Officer since May
2004. Prior to May 2004, Mr. Greenstein was Chief
Executive Officer of The Greenstein Group, a media and
entertainment consulting firm. From 1999 until 2002, he
was Chairman of USA Films, a motion picture production, marketing
and distribution company. From 1997 until 1999,
Mr. Greenstein was Co-President of October Films, a motion
picture production, marketing and distribution
company. Prior to joining October Films,
Mr. Greenstein was Senior Vice President of Motion Pictures,
Music, New Media and Publishing at Miramax Films, and held senior
positions at Viacom Inc.
Patrick L. Donnelly
has served as our Executive Vice President, General Counsel and
Secretary, since May 1998. From June 1997 to May 1998,
he was Vice President and Deputy General Counsel of ITT
Corporation, a hotel, gaming and entertainment company that was
acquired by Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide, Inc. in
February 1998. From October 1995 to June 1997, he was
assistant general counsel of ITT Corporation. Prior to October
1995, Mr. Donnelly was an attorney at the law firm of Simpson
Thacher & Bartlett LLP.
Joseph Inzerillo
has served as our Chief Product and Technology Officer since
January 2022. Prior to that, Mr. Inzerillo was the Executive Vice
President & Chief Technology Officer – Disney Streaming since
2017. Prior to that, Mr. Inzerillo held a variety of senior
technology positions at Major League Baseball and its subsidiaries.
From 2015 to 2017, Mr. Inzerillo served as Executive Vice President
& Chief Technology Officer of BAMTech Media, a distributor of
direct-to-consumer video and a provider of video streaming
solutions. Mr. Inzerillo was the Chief Technology Officer of Major
League Baseball Advanced Media, LP from 2014 through 2015, and the
Senior Vice President of Multimedia Distribution of that entity
from 2006 to 2014. During his tenure at Major League Baseball
Advanced Media, LP, Mr. Inzerillo also served as Chief Technology
Officer for Major League Baseball. Mr. Inzerillo started his career
with the Chicago White Sox and was the Chief Technology Officer of
the United Center, home of the Chicago Bulls and Chicago
Blackhawks.
Sean S. Sullivan
has served as our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer since October 2020. From June 2011 to October 2020, he was
the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of AMC
Networks Inc., a global entertainment company. From September 2010
to June 2011, he was the Chief Corporate Officer of Rainbow Media
Holdings LLC, the predecessor of AMC Networks Inc. and then a
subsidiary of Cablevision Systems Corp. Prior to that, Mr. Sullivan
was Chief Financial Officer of HiT Entertainment, a children’s
entertainment company, from 2009 to 2010; the Chief Financial
Officer and President of the Commercial Print and Packaging
division of Cenveo, Inc., a diversified manufacturing company
focused on print-related products, from 2005 to 2008; and Executive
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Spencer Press, Inc.,
a catalogue printing company, from 2004 to 2005. He is a member of
the board of directors of Acushnet Holdings Corp., a leader in the
design, development, manufacturing and distribution of golf
products, and serves on its nominating and corporate governance
committee and is the chair of its audit committee.
Joseph A. Verbrugge
has served as our Chief Commercial Officer since June 2022. Mr.
Verbrugge has served in many senior positions during his 19-year
career with us.
Mr. Verbrugge served as our Executive Vice President, SXM Digital
Subscriptions, from January 2022 until June 2022; as our Executive
Vice President, Sales and Development, from October 2020 until
January 2022; as our Executive Vice President, Division President,
Connected Vehicle, from March 2019 until October 2020; as our
Executive Vice President and General Manager, Emerging Business,
from April 2017 until March 2019; and as our Executive Vice
President, Sales and Development, from December 2015 until April
2017.
From September 2004 through December 2015, Mr. Verbrugge served in
various senior positions for us and XM Satellite Radio Holdings
Inc.
Mr. Verbrugge was a consultant with The Dealy Strategy
Group LLC, a management consulting firm specializing in
international satellite communications and information services
companies, from 1999 until 2004. Mr. Verbrugge is a member of the
board of directors of Stride, Inc., a
provider of tech-enabled education solutions, and serves on its
compensation committee.
ITEM 1A. RISK
FACTORS
In addition to the other information in this Annual Report on
Form 10-K, including the information under the caption Item 1.
Business “Competition,” the following risk factors should be
considered carefully in evaluating us and our business. This Annual
Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within
the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of
1995. Actual results and the timing of events could differ
materially from those projected in forward-looking statements due
to a number of factors, including those set forth below and
elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. See “Special Note
About Forward-Looking Statements” following this Item 1A. Risk
Factors.
Risks Relating to our Business and Operations
We have been, and may continue to be, adversely affected by supply
chain issues.
The issues associated with the global supply chain for parts and
components is having wide-ranging effects across multiple
industries, including direct and indirect effects on our
business.
Automakers are experiencing, and may continue to experience, delays
in securing certain components that are essential to the production
of new vehicles for a variety of reasons, including due to the
global semiconductor supply shortage and the war in Ukraine. These
affected automakers manufacture and sell vehicles that include our
satellite radios. For example, some automobile plants in North
America and elsewhere have at times halted or reduced vehicle
production due to the shortage of certain components used in the
production of their vehicles. As a result, these supply chain
shortages have had, and may continue to have, an impact on new
vehicle production and deliveries, which in turn may affect our
subscriber acquisition efforts.
We also have experienced, and may continue to experience, delays in
securing certain application specific integrated circuits (which
are commonly referred to as “chipsets”) that are essential
components of our satellite radios.
Delays or the unavailability of these components could have an
adverse impact on our operations and financial
conditions.
We may be adversely affected by the war in Ukraine.
The war in Ukraine, and any expansion of the war in Ukraine to
surrounding areas, could adversely affect our business and
operations.
The war in Ukraine could affect the supply of certain components
that we rely on in connection with our business and operations,
such as software and certain subsystems that may be planned to be
integrated as part of our satellites currently under construction
for our system. In addition, our AdsWizz subsidiary is
headquartered in Romania and we rely on other
contractors
in Eastern European countries, such as Poland. An expansion of the
war in Ukraine to other countries, particularly Romania, could
materially affect our ability to deliver advertisements on our
Pandora services and for third parties.
We face substantial competition and that competition is likely to
increase over time.
We compete for the time and attention of our listeners with other
content providers on the basis of a number of factors, including
quality of experience, relevance, acceptance and perception of
content quality, ease of use, price, accessibility, brand
awareness, reputation and, in the case of our ad-supported Pandora
service, perception of ad load, features and functionality. As
consumer tastes and preferences change on the internet and with
mobile and other connected products, including cars, in-home, and
wearable devices, we will need to enhance and improve our existing
services, introduce new services and features, and attempt to
maintain our competitive position with additional technological
advances and adaptable platforms. Neither the Sirius XM App nor the
Pandora App has been significantly updated in several years. If we
fail to keep pace with technological advances or fail to offer
compelling product offerings and state-of-the-art delivery
platforms to meet consumer demands, our ability to grow or maintain
the reach of our services, attract and retain users, and attract
listeners and subscribers across our services will be adversely
affected. Our ability to attract and retain subscribers and
listeners also depends on our success in creating and providing
popular or unique programming. A summary of certain services that
compete with us is contained in the section entitled “Item 1.
Business - Competition” of this Annual Report on Form
10-K.
Our subscribers and listeners can obtain similar content for free
through terrestrial radio stations, YouTube and other internet
services. We also compete for the time and attention of our
listeners with providers of other in-home and mobile entertainment
services, and we compete for advertising sales with large scale
online advertising platforms, such as Amazon, Facebook and Google,
and with traditional media outlets.
Our streaming services also compete for listeners on the basis of
the presence and visibility of our apps, which are distributed via
app stores operated by Apple and Google. We face significant
competition for listeners from these companies, which also promote
their own music and content. In addition, our competitors’
streaming products may be pre-loaded or integrated into consumer
electronics products or automobiles more broadly than our streaming
products, creating a visibility advantage. If we are unable to
compete successfully for listeners against other media providers,
then our business may suffer. Additionally, the operator of an app
store may reject our app or amend the terms of their license in a
way that inhibits our ability to distribute our apps, negatively
affects our business, or limits our ability to increase subscribers
and listeners.
Competition could result in lower subscription, advertising or
other revenue and an increase in our expenses and, consequently,
lower our earnings and free cash flow. We cannot assure
you we will be able to compete successfully with our existing or
future competitors or that competition will not have an adverse
impact on our operations and financial condition.
If our efforts to attract and retain subscribers and listeners, or
convert listeners into subscribers, are not successful, our
business will be adversely affected.
Our business will be adversely affected if we are unable to attract
new subscribers and listeners and retain our current subscribers
and listeners.
Our ability to increase the number of subscribers and listeners to
our services, retain our subscribers and listeners or convert
listeners into subscribers, is uncertain and subject to many
factors, including:
•the
price of our service;
•the
ease of use of our service;
•the
effectiveness of our marketing programs;
•with
respect to our Sirius XM service, the sale or lease rate of new
vehicles in the United States;
•the
rate at which our self-pay subscribers to our Sirius XM service buy
and sell new and used vehicles in the United States;
•our
ability to convince owners and lessees of new and used vehicles
that include satellite radios to purchase subscriptions to our
Sirius XM service;
•the
perceived value of our programming and the packages and services we
offer;
•our
ability to introduce features in a manner that is favorably
received by consumers;
•our
ability to keep up with rapidly evolving technology and features in
audio entertainment;
•our
ability to respond to evolving consumer tastes; and
•actions
by our competitors, such as Spotify, Apple, Google, Amazon and
other audio entertainment and information providers.
We engage in extensive marketing efforts and the continued
effectiveness of those efforts is an important part of our
business.
We engage in extensive marketing efforts across a broad range of
media to attract and retain subscribers and listeners to our
services. We employ a wide variety of communications tools as part
of our marketing campaigns, including telemarketing efforts and
email solicitations. The effectiveness of our marketing efforts is
affected by a broad range of factors, including creative and
execution factors. Our ability to reach consumers with radio and
television advertising, direct mail materials, email solicitations
and telephone calls is an important part of our efforts and a
significant factor in the effectiveness of our marketing. If we are
unable to reach consumers through email solicitations or
telemarketing, including as a result of “spam” and email filters,
call blocking technologies, consumer privacy regulations or
"do-not-call" or other marketing regulations, our marketing efforts
will be adversely affected. A decline in the effectiveness of our
marketing efforts could have an adverse impact on our operations
and financial condition.
We rely on third parties for the operation of our business, and the
failure of third parties to perform could adversely affect our
business.
Our business depends, in part, on various third parties,
including:
•manufacturers
that build and distribute satellite radios;
•companies
that manufacture and sell integrated circuits for satellite
radios;
•third-party
software that supports our apps and services;
•programming
providers, including agreements with owners of various copyrights
in music, and on-air talent;
•vendors
that operate our call centers;
•vendors
that have designed or built, and vendors that support or operate,
other important elements of our systems, including our satellites
and cloud-based systems we use;
•Apple,
who distributes our apps through its App Store and who, in the case
of our Pandora service, we rely on to collect fees and approve the
terms of our consumer offers; and
•Google,
who distributes our apps through its App Store and who, in the case
of our Pandora service, we rely on to collect fees and approve the
terms of our consumer offers, and who plays an important role in
the fulfillment of the ads we sell on our Pandora
platform.
If one or more of these third parties do not perform in a
satisfactory or timely manner, including complying with our
standards and practices relating to business integrity, personnel
and cybersecurity, our business could be adversely
affected.
The operation of our apps and service offerings could be impaired
if errors occur in the third party software that supports our apps
and services. It is difficult for us to correct any defects in
third party software because the development and maintenance of the
software is not within our control. Our third party licensors may
not continue to make their software available to us on acceptable
terms, invest the appropriate levels of resources in their software
to maintain and enhance its capabilities, or remain in business.
Failure of these third party licensors could harm our streaming
services.
In addition, a number of third parties on which we depend have
experienced, and may in the future experience, financial
difficulties or file for bankruptcy protection. Such third parties
may not be able to perform their obligations to us in a timely
manner, if at all, as a result of their financial condition or may
be relieved of their obligations to us as part of seeking
bankruptcy protection.
Failure to successfully monetize and generate revenues from
podcasts and other non-music content could adversely affect our
business, operating results, and financial condition.
Delivering podcasts and other non-music content involves risks and
challenges, including increased competition and the need to develop
new relationships with creators. We have entered into multi-year
commitments for original podcast content that is produced by third
parties. These agreements generally provide us the right to
distribute the content and act as the exclusive agent for the sale
of advertising in the podcasts. Payment terms for certain podcast
content typically requires more upfront cash payments, including
minimum guarantees to the owner or creator of the podcast, than
other content licenses or arrangements.
Given the multiple-year duration and largely fixed-cost nature of
such commitments, if the attractiveness of such podcast content to
our listeners and subscribers do not meet our expectations, our
margins could be adversely impacted. In addition, the advertising
market for podcasts is still developing, including the advertising
technology necessary to efficiently sell podcast advertising at
scale. As a result, our ability to profitably monetize the
available advertising opportunities in podcasts remains
uncertain.
Growing our podcasting business may require additional changes to
our business model and cost structure, modifications to our
infrastructure, and could expose us to new regulatory, legal and
reputational risks, including infringement liability. There is no
guarantee that we will be able to generate sufficient revenue from
podcasts to offset the costs of creating or acquiring this content.
Our failure to successfully monetize and generate revenues from
such content, including failure to obtain or retain rights to
podcasts or other non-music content on acceptable terms, or at all,
or to effectively manage the numerous risks and challenges
associated with such expansion, could adversely affect our
business, operating results, and financial condition.
We may not realize the benefits of acquisitions or other strategic
investments and initiatives.
Our strategy includes selective acquisitions, other strategic
investments and initiatives in an effort to expand our business.
The success of any acquisition depends upon effective integration,
cultural assimilation and management of acquired businesses and
assets into our operations, which is subject to risks and
uncertainties, including realizing the growth potential, the
anticipated synergies and cost savings, the ability to retain and
attract personnel, the diversion of management’s attention for
other business concerns, and undisclosed or potential legal
liabilities of the acquired business or assets.
The integration process could distract our management, disrupt our
ongoing business or result in inconsistencies in our services,
standards, controls, procedures and policies, any of which could
adversely affect our ability to maintain relationships with
customers, vendors and employees or to achieve the anticipated
benefits of the acquisition.
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has introduced significant
uncertainty to our business.
The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced uncertainties to our business.
The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may impact our results
depends on future developments, which are highly uncertain and
cannot be predicted with certainty, including the resurgence of
COVID-19 and its variants that may be occurring. Another broad
shutdown of businesses, either in the United States or globally, as
a result of the COVID-19 pandemic would have an adverse effect on
our business.
The impact of economic conditions may adversely affect our
business, operating results, and financial condition.
Our success depends to a significant extent on discretionary
consumer spending. Some of the factors that may influence consumer
spending on entertainment include general economic conditions, the
availability of discretionary income, consumer confidence, interest
rates, inflationary pressure, and general uncertainty regarding the
overall economic environment.
The demand for entertainment generally is sensitive to downturns in
the economy and the corresponding impact on discretionary consumer
spending. Any actual or perceived deterioration or weakness in
general, regional or local economic conditions, as well as other
adverse economic or market conditions due to COVID-19 or otherwise,
could reduce our subscribers’ or potential subscribers’
discretionary income. To the extent that overall economic
conditions reduce spending on discretionary items, our ability to
attract and retain subscribers could be hindered, which could
reduce our subscription revenue and negatively impact our
business.
Additionally, our financial performance is subject to economic
conditions and their impact on levels of advertising spending.
Expenditures by advertisers generally tend to reflect overall
economic conditions, and reductions in spending by advertisers
could have an adverse impact on our revenue and business. See
“Our
Pandora business generates a significant portion of its revenues
from advertising, and reduced spending by advertisers could harm
our business.”
Risks Relating to our Sirius XM Business
A substantial number of our Sirius XM service subscribers
periodically cancel their subscriptions and we cannot predict how
successful we will be at retaining customers.
As part of our business, we experience, and expect to experience in
the future, subscriber turnover (i.e., churn). If we are unable to
retain current subscribers at expected rates, or the costs of
retaining subscribers are higher than expected, our financial
performance and operating results could be adversely
affected.
We cannot predict how successful we will be at retaining customers
who purchase or lease vehicles that include a subscription to our
Sirius XM service. A substantial percentage of our Sirius XM
subscribers are on discounted pricing plans
and our ability to retain these subscribers or migrate them to
higher priced plans is uncertain. Our discounted pricing strategy
is widely known, and this may interfere with our ability to collect
our ordinary subscription prices. In addition, a substantial number
of those subscribers periodically cancel their subscriptions when
offered a subscription at a higher price.
Our ability to profitably attract and retain subscribers to our
Sirius XM service is uncertain.
A number of factors may affect our ability to attract and retain
subscribers to our Sirius XM service. Over time the changing
demographics of our subscriber base, such as the increase in
“Millennial generation customers,” may increase the number of
subscribers accustomed to consuming entertainment through
ad-supported products. These changing demographics may affect our
ability to convert trial subscribers into self-paying subscribers.
Similarly, our efforts to acquire subscribers purchasing or leasing
used vehicles may attract price sensitive consumers. Consumers
purchasing or leasing used vehicles may be more price sensitive
than consumers purchasing or leasing new vehicles, may convert from
trial subscribers to self-paying subscribers at a lower rate, and
may cancel their subscriptions more frequently than consumers
purchasing or leasing new vehicles. Some of our marketing efforts
may also attract more price sensitive subscribers, and our efforts
to increase the penetration of satellite radios in new,
lower-priced vehicle lines may result in the growth of more
economy-minded subscribers. Each of these factors may harm our
revenue or require additional spending on marketing efforts to
demonstrate the value of our Sirius XM service.
Our business depends in part upon the auto industry.
A substantial portion of the subscription growth for our satellite
radio service has come from purchasers and lessees of new and used
automobiles in the United States, and we expect this to be an
important source of subscribers for our satellite radio service in
the future.
We have agreements with major automakers to include satellite
radios in new vehicles, although these agreements do not require
automakers to install specific or minimum quantities of radios in
any given period. These agreements also require automakers to
provide us data on sales of satellite radio enabled vehicles,
including in many cases the consumer’s name and address. Our
business could be adversely affected if automakers do not continue
to include our Sirius XM service in their products or provide us
with such data.
Automotive production and sales are dependent on many factors,
including the availability of vehicle components, consumer credit,
general economic conditions, consumer confidence and fuel costs. To
the extent vehicle sales by automakers decline, or the penetration
of factory-installed satellite radios in those vehicles is reduced,
subscriber growth for our satellite radio service may be adversely
impacted.
Sales of used vehicles represent a significant source of new
subscribers for our satellite radio service. We have agreements
with auto dealers and companies operating in the used vehicle
market to provide us with data on sales of used satellite radio
enabled vehicles, including in many cases the consumer’s name and
address. The continuing availability of this data is important, and
the loss of such data may harm our revenue and
business.
Failure of our satellites would significantly damage our
business.
The lives of the satellites required to operate our Sirius XM
service vary depending on a number of factors,
including:
•degradation
and durability of solar panels;
•quality
of construction;
•random
failure of satellite components, which could result in significant
damage to or loss of a satellite;
•amount
of fuel the satellite consumes;
•the
performance of third parties that manage the operation of our
satellites; and
•damage
or destruction as a result of electrostatic storms, terrorist
attacks, collisions with other objects in space or other events,
such as nuclear detonations, occurring in space.
In the ordinary course of operation, satellites experience failures
of component parts and operational and performance anomalies.
Components on several of our in-orbit satellites have failed, and
from time to time we have experienced anomalies in the operation
and performance of these satellites. These failures and anomalies
are expected to continue in the ordinary course, and we cannot
predict if any of these possible future events will have a material
adverse effect on our operations or the life of our existing
in-orbit satellites. In addition, our Sirius network of terrestrial
repeaters communicates with a single third party satellite. Our XM
network of terrestrial repeaters communicates with a single XM
satellite. If the satellites
communicating with the applicable repeater network fail
unexpectedly, the services would be disrupted for several hours or
longer.
Any material failure of our operating satellites could cause us to
lose customers for our Sirius XM service and could materially harm
our reputation and our operating results. We do not have insurance
for our in-orbit satellites. Additional information regarding our
fleet of satellites is contained in the section entitled “Item 1.
Business - Satellites, Terrestrial Repeaters and Other Satellite
Facilities” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Our Sirius XM service may experience harmful interference from
wireless operations.
The development of applications and services in spectrum adjacent
to the frequencies licensed to us, as well as the combination of
signals in other frequencies, may cause harmful interference to our
satellite radio service in certain areas of the United States.
Certain operations or combination of operations permitted by the
FCC in spectrum, other than our licensed frequencies, results in
the loss of signal to our service, and the reception of our
satellite radio service can be adversely affected in certain areas.
Elimination of this interference may not be possible in all cases.
In other cases, our efforts to reduce this interference may require
extensive engineering efforts and additions to our terrestrial
infrastructure. These mitigation efforts may be costly and take
several years to implement and may not be entirely effective. In
certain cases, we are dependent on the FCC to assist us in
preventing harmful interference to our service.
Risks Relating to our Pandora Business
Our Pandora ad-supported business has suffered a substantial and
consistent loss of monthly active users, which may adversely affect
our Pandora business.
The number of monthly active users to our ad-supported Pandora
business has declined consistently for several years, including in
2022, and is likely to further contract in the future.
The size of our ad-supported listener base is an important element
of our Pandora business. The decline in our listener base has
resulted in fewer listener hours and available advertising spots on
our Pandora service, which ultimately may result in declines in our
advertising revenue, and adversely affect our Pandora business. The
contraction of our ad-supported listener base also decreases the
size of demographic groups targeted by advertisers, which may hurt
our ability to deliver advertising in a manner that maximizes
advertisers’ return on investment and compete with other streaming
advertising platforms.
Our Pandora business generates a significant portion of its
revenues from advertising, and reduced spending by advertisers
could harm our business.
Our Pandora business currently generates a majority of its revenues
from third parties advertising on its ad-supported service. As is
common in the audio entertainment industry, Pandora’s advertisers
do not have long-term advertising commitments with us and can
terminate their contracts at any time.
Expenditures by advertisers tend to be cyclical, reflecting overall
economic conditions and budgeting and buying patterns. Adverse
macroeconomic conditions have affected, and may in the future
affect, the demand for audio advertising, resulting in fluctuations
in the amounts advertisers spend on advertising, which could harm
our financial condition and operating results.
Our failure to convince advertisers of the benefits of our Pandora
ad-supported service could harm our business.
Our ability to attract and retain advertisers, and ultimately to
sell our advertising inventory, depends on a number of factors,
including:
•the
number of listener hours on the Pandora ad-supported service,
particularly the number of listener hours attributable to
high-value demographics;
•keeping
pace with changes in technology and our competitors, some of which
have significant influence over the distribution of our Pandora
app;
•competing
effectively for advertising with other dominant online services,
such as Spotify, Google and Facebook, as well as other marketing
and media outlets;
•successfully
competing for local radio advertising;
•demonstrating
the ability of advertisements to reach targeted audiences,
including the value of mobile digital advertising;
•ensuring
that new ad formats and ad product offerings are attractive to
advertisers and that inventory management decisions (such as
changes to ad load, frequency, prominence and quality of ads that
we serve listeners) do not have a negative impact on listener
hours; and
•adapting
to technologies designed to block the display of our
ads.
Advertisers may leave us for competing alternatives at any time.
Failure to demonstrate to advertisers the value of our Pandora
service would result in reduced spending by, or loss of,
advertisers, which would harm our revenue and
business.
If we are unable to maintain revenue growth from our advertising
products our results of operations will be adversely
affected.
In order to effectively monetize listener hours, we must, among
other things, penetrate local advertising markets and develop
compelling ad product solutions.
The substantial majority of the total listening to our Pandora
service occurs on mobile devices. We are engaged in efforts to
continue to convince advertisers of the capabilities and value of
mobile digital advertising and to direct an increasing portion of
their advertising spend to our ad-supported Pandora
service.
We are continuing to build our sales capability to penetrate local
advertising markets, which places us in competition with
terrestrial radio. We may not be able to capture an increasing
share of local and audio advertising revenue, which may have an
adverse impact on our future revenue.
Changes to mobile operating systems and browsers may hinder our
ability to sell advertising and market our services.
We use shared common device identifiers that are universal in the
advertising technology ecosystem, such as Apple’s Identifier for
Advertisers, a random device identifier assigned by Apple to a
user's device. We use these common device identifiers for
targeting, advertising effectiveness and measurement for the
Pandora’s advertising business and for Pandora’s consumer marketing
purposes. These common device identifiers enable us to match
audiences, including with second- and third-party data providers
and measurement vendors, and enhance Pandora’s advertising
targeting segments with additional data. In our programmatic
advertising business, we use common identifiers for several
important functions, such as targeting and bidding. We also use
common device identifiers to evaluate the success of our Pandora
brand consumer marketing campaigns.
Apple, as well as mobile operating system and browser providers,
have implemented product features and plans that may adversely
impact our ability to use these common identifiers and data
collected in connection with these common identifiers in our
Pandora business.
If we fail to accurately predict and play music, comedy or other
content that our Pandora listeners enjoy, we may fail to retain
existing and attract new listeners.
A key differentiating factor between our Pandora service and other
music content providers is our ability to predict music that our
listeners will enjoy. The effectiveness of our personalized
playlist generating system depends, in part, on our ability to
gather and effectively analyze large amounts of listener data and
feedback. We may not continue to be successful in enticing
listeners to our Pandora service to give a thumbs-up or thumbs-down
to enough songs to effectively predict and select new and existing
songs. In addition, our ability to offer listeners songs that they
have not previously heard and impart a sense of discovery depends
on our ability to acquire and appropriately categorize additional
tracks that will appeal to our listeners’ diverse and changing
tastes. Many of our competitors currently have larger music and
content catalogs than we offer and they may be more effective in
providing their listeners with an appealing listener
experience.
We also provide comedy and podcast content on our Pandora service,
and we try to predict what our listeners will enjoy using
technology similar to the technology that we use to generate
personalized playlists for music. The risks that apply to our
ability to satisfy our listeners’ musical tastes apply to comedy,
podcasts and other content to an even greater extent, particularly
since we do not yet have as large a data set on listener
preferences for comedy, podcasts and other content, and have a
smaller catalog of such content as compared to music.
Our ability to predict and select music, comedy, podcasts and other
content that our listeners enjoy is important to the perceived
value of our Pandora service to consumers and the failure to make
accurate predictions would adversely affect our ability to attract
and retain subscribers and listeners, increase listener hours and
sell advertising.
Risks Relating to Laws and Governmental Regulations
Privacy and data security laws and regulations may hinder our
ability to market our services, sell advertising and impose legal
liabilities.
We receive a substantial amount of personal data on purchasers and
lessees of new and used vehicles from third parties. We use this
personal data to market our services. We collect and use
demographic, service usage, purchase history and other information,
including location information, from and about our listeners
through the internet. Further, we and third parties use tracking
technologies, including “cookies” and related technologies, to help
us manage and track our listeners’ interactions with our services
and deliver relevant advertising.
Various federal and state laws and regulations, as well as the laws
of foreign jurisdictions, govern the collection, use, retention,
sharing and security of the personal data we receive. Privacy
groups and government authorities have increasingly scrutinized the
ways in which companies collect and share personal data, including
linking personal identities and data associated with particular
users or devices with data collected through the internet, and we
expect such scrutiny to increase. Alleged violations of laws and
regulations relating to privacy and personal data may expose us to
potential liability, may require us to expend significant resources
in responding to and defending such allegations and claims and
could in the future result in negative publicity and a loss of
confidence in us by our subscribers, listeners, advertisers and
other third parties with whom we do business.
Privacy-related laws and regulations, such as the California
Consumer Privacy Act and the European General Data Protection
Regulation, are evolving and subject to potentially differing
interpretations. Various federal and state legislative and
regulatory bodies as well as foreign legislative and regulatory
bodies may expand current or enact new laws regarding privacy and
data security-related matters. New laws, amendments to or
re-interpretations of existing laws and contractual obligations, as
well as changes in our listeners’ expectations and demands
regarding privacy and data security, may limit our ability to
collect and use consumer data. Restrictions on our ability to
receive, collect and use consumer data could limit our ability to
attract and retain subscribers and listeners to our services. In
addition, restrictions on our ability to collect, access and
process listener data, or to use or disclose listener data or
profiles that we develop using such data, could limit our ability
to market our content and services to our potential listeners and
offer targeted advertising opportunities to our advertisers, each
of which are important to our business. Increased regulation of
personal data utilization practices and compliance administration
could increase our costs of operation or otherwise adversely affect
our business.
Consumer protection laws and our failure to comply with them could
damage our business.
Federal and state consumer protection laws, rules and regulations
cover nearly all aspects of our marketing efforts, including the
content of our advertising, the terms of consumer offers and the
manner in which we communicate with consumers. A number
of governmental authorities have commenced investigations into our
consumer practices, including the manner in which we allow
consumers to cancel subscriptions to our services. The nature of
our business requires us to expend significant resources to try to
ensure that our marketing activities comply with consumer
protection laws, including laws relating to telemarketing
activities and privacy. These efforts may not be
successful, and we may have to expend even greater resources in our
compliance efforts.
Modifications to consumer protection laws, including decisions by
courts and administrative agencies interpreting these laws, could
have an adverse impact on our ability to attract and retain
subscribers and listeners to our services. There can be
no assurance that new laws or regulations will not be enacted or
adopted, preexisting laws or regulations will not be more strictly
enforced or that our operations will comply with all applicable
laws, which could have an adverse impact on our operations and
financial condition.
Failure to comply with FCC requirements could damage our
business.
We hold FCC licenses and authorizations to operate commercial
satellite radio services in the United States, including
satellites, terrestrial repeaters and related authorizations. The
FCC generally grants licenses and authorizations for a fixed term.
Although we expect our licenses and authorizations to be renewed in
the ordinary course upon their expiration, there can be no
assurance that this will be the case. Any assignment or transfer of
control of any of our FCC licenses or authorizations must be
approved in advance by the FCC.
The operation of our satellite radio systems is subject to
significant regulation by the FCC under authority granted through
the Communications Act of 1934 and related federal law. We are
required, among other things, to operate only within specified
frequencies; to coordinate our satellite radio services with radio
systems operating in the same range of frequencies in neighboring
countries; and to coordinate our communications links to our
satellites with other systems that operate in the same frequency
band.
Noncompliance by us with these requirements or other conditions or
with other applicable FCC rules and regulations could result in
fines, additional license conditions, license revocation or other
detrimental FCC actions. There is no guarantee that Congress will
not modify the statutory framework governing our services, or that
the FCC will not modify its rules and regulations in a manner that
would have an adverse impact on our operations.
Risks Associated with Data and Cybersecurity and the Protection of
Consumer Information
If we fail to protect the security of personal information about
our customers, we could be subject to costly government enforcement
actions and private litigation and our reputation could
suffer.
The nature of our business involves the receipt and storage of
personal information about our subscribers and listeners including,
in many cases, credit and debit card information. We have a program
in place to detect and respond to data security incidents. However,
the techniques used to gain unauthorized access to data systems are
constantly evolving and may be difficult to detect for long periods
of time. We may be unable to anticipate or prevent unauthorized
access to data pertaining to our customers, including credit card
and debit card information and other personally identifiable
information. Our services, which are supported by our own systems
and those of third-party vendors, could be subject to computer
malware and attacks as well as to catastrophic events (such as
fires, floods, hurricanes, or tornadoes), any of which could lead
to system interruptions, delays, or shutdowns, causing loss of
critical data or the unauthorized access to personally identifiable
information.
If we fail to protect the security of personal information about
our customers or if an actual or perceived breach of security
occurs on our systems or a vendor’s systems, we could be exposed to
costly government enforcement actions and private litigation and
our reputation could suffer. We may also be required to expend
significant resources to address these problems, including
notification under various data privacy regulations, and our
reputation and operating results could suffer. In addition, our
subscribers and listeners, as well as potential customers, could
lose confidence in our ability to protect their personal
information, which could cause them to discontinue the use of our
services. This loss of confidence would also harm our efforts to
attract and retain advertisers and to obtain personal information
from third parties, and unauthorized access to our programming
would potentially create additional royalty expense with no
corresponding revenue. Such events could adversely affect our
results of operations. The costs of maintaining adequate
protection, including insurance protection, against such threats as
they develop in the future (or as legal requirements related to
data security increase) could be material.
In addition, hardware, software, or applications we develop or
procure from third parties may contain defects in design or
manufacture or other problems that could unexpectedly compromise
information security. Unauthorized parties may also attempt to gain
access to our systems or facilities, or those of third parties with
whom we do business, through fraud, trickery, or other forms of
deceiving our employees, contractors or other agents. We may not be
able to effectively control the unauthorized actions of third
parties who may have access to the data we collect.
We may integrate the Pandora service with apps provided by third
parties. In such case, we may not be able to control such third
parties’ use of listeners’ data, ensure their compliance with the
terms of our contracts and our privacy policies, or prevent
unauthorized access to, or use or disclosure of, information, any
of which could expose us to potential liability and negative
publicity and could cause our listeners and advertisers to
discontinue use of our services.
To date, we are not aware that we have had a significant
cyber-attack or breach that has had a material impact on our
business or results of operations. We have implemented systems and
processes intended to secure our information technology systems and
prevent unauthorized access to or loss of sensitive, confidential
and personal data, including through the use of encryption and
authentication technologies. Additionally, we have increased our
monitoring capabilities to enhance early detection and timely
response to potential security anomalies.
The cyber security measures we have implemented, however, may not
be sufficient to prevent all possible attacks and may be vulnerable
to hacking, employee error, ransom attacks, malfeasance, system
error, faulty password management or other irregularities. Further,
the development and maintenance of these measures are costly and
require ongoing monitoring and updating as technologies change and
efforts to overcome security measures become increasingly
sophisticated.
Interruption or failure of our information technology and
communications systems could impair the delivery of our service and
harm our business.
We rely on systems housed at our own premises and at those of third
party vendors to enable subscribers and listeners to access our
Pandora and Sirius XM services in a dependable and efficient
manner. Any degradation in the quality, or any failure, of our
systems could reduce our revenues, cause us to lose customers and
damage our brands. Although we have implemented
practices designed to maintain the availability of the information
technology systems we rely on and mitigate the harm of any
unplanned interruptions, we cannot anticipate all eventualities. We
occasionally experience unplanned outages or
technical difficulties. We could also experience loss of data or
processing capabilities, which could cause us to lose customers and
could harm our reputation and operating results.
We rely on internal systems and external systems maintained by
manufacturers, distributors and service providers to take, fulfill
and handle customer service requests and host certain online
activities. Any interruption or failure of our internal or external
systems could prevent us from servicing customers or cause data to
be unintentionally disclosed. Our services have experienced, and we
expect them to continue to experience, periodic service
interruptions and delays involving our own systems and those of our
vendors.
Our data centers and our information technology and communications
systems are vulnerable to damage or interruption from natural
disasters, malicious attacks, fire, power loss, telecommunications
failures, computer viruses or other attempts to harm our systems.
The occurrence of any of these events could result in interruptions
in our services and unauthorized access to, or alteration of, the
content and data contained on our systems and that these third
party vendors store and deliver on our behalf.
Damage or interruption to our data centers and information
technology and communications centers could expose us to data loss
or manipulation, disruption of service, monetary and reputational
damages, competitive disadvantage and significant increases in
compliance costs and costs to improve the security and resiliency
of our computer systems. The compromise of personal, confidential
or proprietary information could also subject us to legal liability
or regulatory action under evolving cybersecurity, data protection
and privacy laws and regulations enacted by the U.S. federal and
state governments or other foreign jurisdictions or by various
regulatory organizations. As a result, our ability to conduct our
business and our results of operations might be adversely
affected.
Risks Associated with Certain Intellectual Property
Rights
The market for music rights is changing and is subject to
significant uncertainties.
We must maintain music programming royalty arrangements with, and
pay license fees to, owners of rights in musical works in order to
operate our services. Traditionally, BMI, ASCAP, SESAC and GMR have
negotiated for these copyright users, collected royalties and
distributed them to songwriters and music publishers. These
traditional arrangements are changing. The fracturing of the
traditional system for licensing rights in musical works may have
significant consequences to our business, including increasing
licensing costs and reducing the availability of certain pieces for
use on our services.
Under the United States Copyright Act, we also must pay royalties
to copyright owners of sound recordings for the performance of such
sound recordings on our Sirius XM service. Those royalty rates may
be established through negotiation or, if negotiation is
unsuccessful, by the Copyright Royalty Board. Owners of copyrights
in sound recordings have created SoundExchange, a collective
organization, to collect and distribute royalties. SoundExchange is
exempt by statute from certain U.S. antitrust laws and exercises
significant market power in the licensing of sound recordings.
Under the terms of the Copyright Royalty Board’s existing decision
governing sound recording royalties for satellite radio, we are
required to pay a royalty based on our gross revenues associated
with our satellite radio service, subject to certain exclusions, of
15.5% per year through December 31, 2027.
Our Pandora services depend upon maintaining complex licenses with
copyright owners, and these licenses contain onerous
terms.
Pandora has direct license agreements with many sound recording
copyright and musical work copyright owners. These agreements grant
us the right to operate Pandora Premium, and add interactive
features, such as replays, additional skips and offline play, to
Pandora’s ad-supported service and to Pandora Plus.
The economic terms of these direct licenses are onerous and, as a
result, we may not be able to profitably operate the Pandora
services. However, the economic terms of these direct licenses may
be “market,” given the rates paid by Pandora’s competitors.
Competition for Pandora’s services are primarily offered by
entities that provide music and entertainment services as a small
part of a larger business, such as Apple, Google and Amazon. These
competitors have the ability to bear these onerous economic
provisions to a much greater extent than our Pandora business. We
may not be able to negotiate or obtain lower royalty rates under
these direct licenses.
These direct licenses are complex. We may not be in compliance with
the terms of these licenses, which could result in the loss of some
or all of these licenses and some or all of the rights they convey.
Similarly, many of these licenses provide that if the licensor
loses rights in a portion of the content licensed under the
agreement, that content may be removed from the license
going-forward.
If Pandora fails to maintain these direct licenses, or if rights to
certain music were no longer available under these licenses, then
we may have to remove the affected music from Pandora’s services,
or discontinue certain interactive features for such music, and it
might become commercially impractical for us to operate Pandora
Premium, Pandora Plus or certain features of our advertising
supported service. Any of these occurrences could have an adverse
effect on our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
Several of these direct licenses also include provisions related to
the terms of those agreements relative to other content licensing
arrangements, which are commonly referred to as “most favored
nation” clauses. These provisions have caused, and may in the
future cause, our payments under those agreements to escalate
substantially. In addition, many record labels, music publishers
and performing rights organizations have the right to audit our
royalty payments, and these audits often result in disputes over
whether we have paid the proper amounts. As a result of such
audits, we could be required to pay additional amounts, audit fees
and interest or penalties, and the amounts involved could adversely
affect our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
There is no guarantee that these direct licenses will be renewed in
the future or that such licenses will be available on the economic
terms associated with the current licenses. If we are unable to
secure and maintain direct licenses for the rights to provide music
on our Pandora services on terms similar to those under our current
direct licenses, our content costs could rise and adversely affect
our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
The rates we must pay for “mechanical rights” to use musical works
on our Pandora service have increased substantially and these rates
may adversely affect our business.
Pandora has direct licenses with thousands of music publishers.
Those licenses provide that the royalty rate for “reproduction
rights” or “mechanical rights”, which are required to offer the
interactive features of our Pandora services, are determined by the
rate formula set by the CRB for the compulsory license made
available by Section 115 of the Copyright Act. These royalty rates
also apply to Pandora’s use of musical works for which we do not
have a direct license with the copyright owners.
The CRB significantly increased the rates for these rights for the
period commencing January 1, 2018 through December 31, 2022, and
the participating music publishers and digital music services,
including Pandora, have reached a settlement for the period
commencing January 1, 2023 through December 31, 2027 which will
further significantly increase these rates. These higher rates for
mechanical rights may have an adverse effect the business,
financial condition and results of operations of Pandora. For
additional information on these mechanical royalty rates, See
“Business – Copyrights to Programming – Sound Recordings – Pandora
Business.”
Failure to protect our intellectual property or actions by third
parties to enforce their intellectual property rights could
substantially harm our business and operating results.
Development of our systems has depended upon the intellectual
property that we have developed, as well as intellectual property
licensed from third parties. If the intellectual property that we
have developed or use is not adequately protected, others will be
permitted to and may duplicate portions of our systems or services
without liability. In addition, others may challenge, invalidate,
render unenforceable or circumvent our intellectual property
rights, patents or existing licenses or we may face significant
legal costs in connection with defending and enforcing those
intellectual property rights. Some of the know-how and technology
we have developed, and plan to develop, is not now, nor will it be,
covered by U.S. patents or trade secret protections. Trade secret
protection and contractual agreements may not provide adequate
protection if there is any unauthorized use or disclosure. The loss
of necessary technologies could require us to substitute
technologies of lower quality performance standards, at greater
cost or on a delayed basis, which could harm us.
Other parties may have patents or pending patent applications,
which will later mature into patents or inventions that may block
or put limits on our ability to operate our system or license our
technologies. We may have to resort to litigation to enforce our
rights under license agreements or to determine the scope and
validity of other parties’ proprietary rights in the subject matter
of those licenses. This may be expensive and we may not succeed in
any such litigation.
Third parties may assert claims or bring suit against us for
patent, trademark or copyright infringement, or for other
infringement or misappropriation of intellectual property rights.
Any such litigation could be costly, divert our efforts from our
business, subject us to significant liabilities to third parties,
require us to seek licenses from third parties, block our ability
to operate our services or license our technology, or otherwise
adversely affect our ability to successfully develop and market our
services.
Some of our services and technologies may use “open source”
software, which may restrict how we use or distribute our services
or require that we release the source code subject to those
licenses.
We may incorporate in some products software licensed under “open
source” licenses. Open source licenses often require that the
source code be made available to the public and that any
modifications or derivative works to the open source software
continue to be licensed under open source licenses. Few courts have
interpreted open source licenses, and the manner in which these
licenses may be interpreted and enforced is therefore subject to
uncertainty. In the event that portions of our proprietary
technology are determined to be subject to an open source license,
we may be required to publicly release portions of our source code,
be forced to re-engineer all or a portion of our technologies, or
otherwise be limited in the licensing of our technologies, each of
which could adversely affect our ability to sustain and grow our
business.
Rapid technological and industry changes and new entrants could
adversely impact our services.
The audio entertainment industry is characterized by rapid
technological change, frequent product and feature innovations,
changes in customer requirements and expectations, evolving
standards and new entrants offering products and services. If we
are unable to keep pace with these changes, our business may not
succeed. Products using new technologies could make our services
less competitive in the marketplace.
Risks Related to our Capital and Ownership Structure
We have a significant amount of indebtedness, and our debt contains
certain covenants that restrict our operations.
As of December 31, 2022, we had an aggregate principal amount
of approximately $9.5 billion of indebtedness
outstanding.
Our indebtedness increases our vulnerability to general adverse
economic and industry conditions; requires us to dedicate a portion
of our cash flow from operations to payments on indebtedness,
reducing the availability of cash flow to fund capital
expenditures, marketing and other general corporate activities;
limits our ability to borrow additional funds; and may limit our
flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our
business and the audio entertainment industry.
In addition, our borrowings under our Senior Secured Revolving
Credit Facility carry a variable interest rate based on London
Inter-bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) as a benchmark for establishing
the rate of interest (except for the Incremental Term Loan which
carries a variable interest rate based on the Secured Overnight
Financing Rate (“SOFR”)). LIBOR is the subject of national,
international and other regulatory guidance and proposals for
reform. On July 27, 2017, the United Kingdom's Financial Conduct
Authority (“FCA”), which regulates LIBOR, announced that it intends
to phase out LIBOR. On March 5, 2021, the FCA announced that all
LIBOR settings will either cease to be provided by any
administrator or no longer be representative: (a) immediately after
December 31, 2021, in the case of the one week and two month U.S.
dollar settings; and (b) immediately after June 30, 2023, in the
case of the remaining U.S. dollar settings. The United States
Federal Reserve has also advised banks to cease entering into new
contracts that use USD LIBOR as a reference rate. The Alternative
Reference Rate Committee, a committee convened by the Federal
Reserve that includes major market participants, has identified
SOFR, a new index calculated by short-term repurchase agreements,
backed by Treasury securities, as its preferred alternative rate
for LIBOR. At this time, it is not possible to predict how markets
will respond to SOFR or other alternative reference rates as the
transition away from the LIBOR benchmarks is anticipated in coming
years. Accordingly, the outcome of these reforms is uncertain and
any changes in the methods by which LIBOR is determined or
regulatory activity related to LIBOR’s phaseout could cause LIBOR
to perform differently than in the past or cease to exist. The
consequences of these developments cannot be entirely predicted,
but could include an increase in the cost of our borrowings under
the Credit Facility. In addition, we may, in the future, hedge
against interest rate fluctuations by using hedging instruments
such as swaps, caps, options, forwards, futures or other similar
products. These instruments may be used to selectively manage
risks, but there can be no assurance that we will be fully
protected against material interest rate fluctuations.
We are a “controlled company” within the meaning of the NASDAQ
listing rules and, as a result, qualify for, and rely on,
exemptions from certain corporate governance
requirements.
We are a “controlled company” for the purposes of the NASDAQ Stock
Market listing rules. As such, we have elected not to comply with
certain NASDAQ corporate governance requirements. Although a
majority of our board of directors consists of independent
directors, we do not have a compensation committee and nominating
and corporate governance committee that consist entirely of
independent directors. Accordingly, you may not have the same
protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject
to all of the corporate governance requirements of
NASDAQ.
While we currently pay a quarterly cash dividend to holders of our
common stock, we may change our dividend policy at any
time.
We currently pay a quarterly cash dividend to holders of our common
stock, although we have no obligation to do so, and our dividend
policy may change at any time without notice to our stockholders.
The declaration and payment of dividends is at the discretion of
our board of directors in accordance with applicable law after
considering various factors, including our financial condition,
operating results, current and anticipated cash needs, limitations
imposed by our indebtedness, legal requirements and other factors
that our board of directors deems relevant.
Our principal stockholder has significant influence, including over
actions requiring stockholder approval, and its interests may
differ from the interests of other holders of our common
stock.
As of December 31, 2022, Liberty Media beneficially owned
approximately 82% of Holdings’ common stock and has the ability to
influence our affairs, policies and operations. Three Liberty Media
executives and one other member of the board of directors of
Liberty Media are members of our board of directors. Our board of
directors currently has thirteen members. Gregory B. Maffei, the
President and Chief Executive Officer of Liberty Media, is the
Chairman of Holdings’ board of directors. Our board of directors is
responsible for, among other things, the appointment of executive
management, future issuances of common stock or other securities,
the payment of dividends, if any, the incurrence of debt, and the
approval of various transactions.
Liberty Media can also determine the outcome of all matters
requiring general stockholder approval, including the election of
the board of directors and changes to our certificate of
incorporation or by-laws. Liberty Media can also cause or prevent a
change of control of Holdings and could preclude any unsolicited
acquisition of our company. The concentration of ownership could
deprive our stockholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for
their common stock as part of a sale of our company and might
ultimately affect the market price of our common stock. In certain
cases, the interests of Liberty Media may not be aligned with the
interests of other stockholders of Holdings.
Other Operational Risks
If we are unable to attract and retain qualified personnel, our
business could be harmed.
We believe that our success depends on our continued ability to
attract and retain qualified management, sales, technical and other
personnel. All of our employees, including our executive officers,
are free to terminate their employment with us at any time, and
their knowledge of our business may be difficult to
replace.
Qualified individuals are in high demand, particularly in the media
and technology industries and we may incur significant costs to
attract and retain employees. If we are unable to attract and
retain our key employees, we may not be able to achieve our
objectives, and our business could be harmed.
Our facilities could be damaged by natural catastrophes or
terrorist activities.
An earthquake, hurricane, tornado, flood, cyber-attack, terrorist
attack, civil unrest or other catastrophic event could damage our
data centers, studios, terrestrial repeater networks or satellite
uplink facilities, interrupt our services and harm our business. We
also have significant operations in the San Francisco Bay Area, a
region known for seismic activity. Natural disasters and adverse
weather conditions can be caused or exacerbated by climate
change.
Any damage to the satellites that transmit to our terrestrial
repeater networks would likely result in degradation of the
affected service for some Sirius XM subscribers and could result in
complete loss of Sirius XM satellite service in certain or all
areas. Damage to our satellite uplink facilities could
result in a complete loss of our Sirius XM satellite service until
we could transfer operations to suitable back-up
facilities.
The unfavorable outcome of pending or future litigation could have
an adverse impact on our operations and financial
condition.
We are parties to several legal proceedings arising out of various
aspects of our business, including possible class actions arising
out of our marketing practices. The outcome of these proceedings
may not be favorable, and one or more unfavorable outcomes could
have an adverse impact on our financial condition.
We may be exposed to liabilities that other entertainment service
providers would not customarily be subject to.
We design, establish specifications, source or specify parts and
components, and manage various aspects of the logistics of the
production of satellite radios and our apps. As a result of these
activities, we may be exposed to liabilities associated with the
design, manufacture and distribution of radios and apps that the
providers of an entertainment service would not customarily be
subject to, such as liabilities for design defects, patent
infringement and compliance with applicable laws, as well as the
costs of returned product.
Our business and prospects depend on the strength of our
brands.
Maintaining and enhancing our brands is an important part of our
strategy to expand our base of subscribers, listeners and
advertisers. Our brands may be impaired by a number of factors,
including service outages, data privacy and security issues and
exploitation of our trademarks by others without permission. Our
ability to maintain and enhance our brands also depends in part on
our ability to continue to develop and provide an innovative and
high-quality entertainment experience, which we may not do
successfully.
Special Note About Forward-Looking Statements
We have made various statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K
that may constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning
of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
Forward-looking statements may also be made in our other reports
filed with or furnished to the SEC, in our press releases and in
other documents. In addition, from time to time, we, through our
management, may make oral forward-looking statements. For example,
these forward-looking statements may include, among other things,
our statements about our outlook and our future results of
operations and financial condition; share repurchase plans; the
impact of economic and market conditions; and the impact of recent
acquisitions. The words “will likely result,” “are expected to,”
“will continue,” “is anticipated,” “estimated,” “believe,”
“intend,” “plan,” “may,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “likely,”
“projection,” “outlook” and similar expressions are intended to
identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are
subject to risks and uncertainties, including those identified
above, which could cause actual results to differ materially from
such statements. We caution you that the risk factors described
above are not exclusive. There may also be other risks that we are
unable to predict at this time that may cause actual results to
differ materially from those in forward-looking statements. New
factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to
predict which will arise or to assess with any precision the impact
of each factor on our business or the extent to which any factor,
or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ
materially from those contained in any forward-looking
statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance
on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the
date on which they are made. We undertake no obligation to update
publicly or revise any forward-looking statements, except as
required by law.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED
STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Below is a list of the principal properties that we own or
lease:
Sirius XM
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Location |
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Purpose |
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Own/Lease |
New York, NY |
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Corporate headquarters, office facilities and studio/production
facilities |
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Lease |
Washington, DC |
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Office and studio/production facilities |
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Own |
Lawrenceville, NJ |
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Office and technical/engineering facilities |
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Lease |
Deerfield Beach, FL |
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Office and technical/engineering facilities |
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Lease |
Farmington Hills, MI |
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Office and technical/engineering facilities |
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Lease |
Nashville, TN |
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Studio/production facilities |
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Lease |
Vernon, NJ |
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Technical/engineering facilities |
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Own |
Ellenwood, GA |
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Technical/engineering facilities |
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Lease |
Fredericksburg, VA |
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Warehouse and technical/engineering facilities |
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Lease |
Los Angeles, CA |
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Office and studio/production facilities |
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Lease |
Irving, TX |
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Office and engineering facilities/call center |
|
Lease |
San Francisco, CA |
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Office and engineering facilities |
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Lease |
Ashburn, VA |
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Data center |
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Lease |
Miami Beach, FL |
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Office and studio/production facilities |
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Lease |
We also lease other small facilities that we use as offices for our
advertising sales personnel, studios and warehouse and maintenance
space. These facilities are not material to our business
or operations.
In addition, we lease or license space at approximately 540
locations for use in connection with the terrestrial repeater
networks that support our satellite radio services. In
general, these leases and licenses are for space on building
rooftops and communications towers. None of these
individual locations are material to our business or
operations.
Pandora
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Location |
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Purpose |
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Own/Lease |
Oakland, CA |
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Office and technical/engineering facilities |
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Lease |
New York, NY |
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Office, sales and studio/production facilities |
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Lease |
Atlanta, GA |
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Office, sales and technical/engineering facilities |
|
Lease |
Santa Monica, CA |
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Office and sales facilities |
|
Lease |
We also lease other small facilities that we use as offices for our
sales and office personnel. These facilities are not material to
our business or operations.
ITEM 3. LEGAL
PROCEEDINGS
For a discussion of our “Legal Proceedings,” refer to Note 16 in
the notes to our audited consolidated financial statements in this
Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 4. MINE
SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET
FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under
the symbol “SIRI.” On January 31, 2023, there were
approximately 6,309 record holders of our common
stock.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
As of December 31, 2022, our board of directors had authorized
us to repurchase an aggregate of $18.0 billion of our common stock
and have not establish an end date for this stock repurchase
program. Shares of common stock may be purchased from
time to time on the open market, pursuant to pre-set trading plans
meeting the requirements of Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act, in
privately negotiated transactions, including transactions with
Liberty Media and its affiliates, or otherwise. As of
December 31, 2022, our cumulative repurchases since December
2012 under our stock repurchase program totaled 3.7 billion shares
for approximately $16.6 billion, and approximately $1.4 billion
remained available under our existing $18.0 billion stock
repurchase program. The size and timing of our
repurchases will be based on a number of factors, including price
and business and market conditions.
The following table provides information about our purchases of
equity securities registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange
Act during the quarter ended December 31, 2022:
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Period |
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Total Number of Shares Purchased |
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Average Price Paid Per Share (a) |
|
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs |
|
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under
the Plans or Programs (a) |
October 1, 2022 - October 31, 2022 |
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6,300,000 |
|
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$ |
6.08 |
|
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6,300,000 |
|
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$ |
1,448,119,446 |
|
November 1, 2022 - November 30, 2022 |
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1,200,000 |
|
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$ |
6.13 |
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1,200,000 |
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$ |
1,440,768,426 |
|
December 1, 2022 - December 31, 2022 |
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— |
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$ |
— |
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|
— |
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$ |
1,440,768,426 |
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Total |
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7,500,000 |
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$ |
6.09 |
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7,500,000 |
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(a)These
amounts include fees and commissions associated with the shares
repurchased. All of these repurchases were made pursuant
to our share repurchase program.
COMPARISON OF CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURNS
Set forth below is a graph comparing the cumulative performance of
our common stock with the Standard & Poor's Composite-500 Stock
Index, or the S&P 500, the NASDAQ Telecommunications Index, the
published industry index we previously used for the purposes of the
SEC rules, and the S&P 500 Media & Entertainment Index, the
new published industry index we have selected to use,
from December 31, 2017 to December 31, 2022. The graph
assumes that $100 was invested on December 31, 2017 in each of
our common stock, the S&P 500, the NASDAQ Telecommunications
Index and
the S&P 500 Media & Entertainment Index.
In November 2016, we paid our first quarterly dividend. Our board
of directors expects to declare regular quarterly
dividends.
Stockholder Return Performance Table
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NASDAQ
Telecommunications Index |
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S&P 500 Index |
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S&P 500 Media & Entertainment Index |
|
Sirius XM Holdings Inc. |
December 31, 2017 |
$ |
100.00 |
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$ |
100.00 |
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$ |
100.00 |
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$ |
100.00 |
|
December 31, 2018 |
$ |
103.03 |
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$ |
93.76 |
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$ |
89.12 |
|
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$ |
106.53 |
|
December 31, 2019 |
$ |
114.76 |
|
|
$ |
120.84 |
|
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$ |
119.08 |
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$ |
133.40 |
|
December 31, 2020 |
$ |
140.05 |
|
|
$ |
140.49 |
|
|
$ |
156.20 |
|
|
$ |
118.84 |
|
December 31, 2021 |
$ |
146.74 |
|
|
$ |
178.27 |
|
|
$ |
197.87 |
|
|
$ |
118.47 |
|
December 31, 2022 |
$ |
109.72 |
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$ |
143.61 |
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$ |
110.68 |
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$ |
108.96 |
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We determined to change the published industry index used for the
required performance graph as the S&P 500 Media and
Entertainment Index more appropriately reflects the companies with
which we compete, including for talent.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
The following table provides information about our common stock
that may be issued upon exercise of options, warrants and rights
under our equity compensation plans. Information is as of
December 31, 2022.
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Plan Category
(shares in millions)
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Number of Securities to be Issued upon Exercise of Outstanding
Options, Warrants and Rights(1)
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Weighted-Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options,
Warrants and Rights(2)
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|
Number of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance under
Equity Compensation Plans |
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders |
|
219 |
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$ |
5.55 |
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122 |
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Equity compensation plans not approved by security
holders |
|
— |
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— |
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— |
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Total |
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219 |
|
|
$ |
5.55 |
|
|
122 |
|
__________
(1)In
addition to shares issuable upon exercise of stock options, amount
also includes approximately 85 shares underlying restricted stock
units, including performance-based restricted stock units (“PRSUs”)
and dividend equivalents thereon. The number of shares to be issued
in respect of PRSUs and dividend equivalents thereon have been
calculated based on the assumption that the maximum levels of
performance applicable to the PRSUs will be achieved.
(2)The
weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants
and rights relates solely to stock options, which are the only
currently outstanding exercisable security.
ITEM 6. [RESERVED]
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements
within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act
of 1995. Actual results and the timing of events could differ
materially from those projected in forward-looking statements due
to a number of factors, including those described under “Item 1A -
Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. See
“Special Note About Forward-Looking Statements.”
All amounts referenced in this Item 7 are in millions, except
subscriber amounts are in thousands and per subscriber and per
installation amounts are in ones, unless otherwise
stated.
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition
and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our
audited consolidated financial statements and related notes
included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Executive Summary
We operate two complementary audio entertainment businesses
-
one of which we refer to as “SiriusXM” and the second of which we
refer to as “Pandora and Off-platform”.
Sirius XM
Our Sirius XM business features music, sports, entertainment,
comedy, talk, news, traffic and weather channels and other content,
as well as podcasts and infotainment services, in the United States
on a subscription fee basis. Sirius XM's packages include live,
curated and certain exclusive and on demand programming. The Sirius
XM service is distributed through our two proprietary satellite
radio systems and streamed via applications for mobile devices,
home devices and other consumer electronic equipment. Satellite
radios are primarily distributed through automakers, retailers and
our website. Our Sirius XM service is also available through our
in-car user interface, which we call “360L,” that combines our
satellite and streaming services into a single, cohesive in-vehicle
entertainment experience.
The primary source of revenue from our Sirius XM business is
subscription fees, with most of our customers subscribing to
monthly, quarterly, semi-annual or annual plans. We also
derive revenue from advertising on select non-music channels, which
is sold under the SXM Media brand, direct sales of our satellite
radios and accessories, and other ancillary services. As of
December 31, 2022, our Sirius XM business had approximately
34.3 million subscribers.
In addition to our audio entertainment businesses, we provide
connected vehicle services to several automakers. These services
are designed to enhance the safety, security and driving experience
of consumers. We also offer a suite of data services that includes
graphical weather, fuel prices, sports schedules and scores and
movie listings, a traffic information service that includes
information as to road closings, traffic flow and incident data to
consumers with compatible in-vehicle navigation systems, and
real-time weather services in vehicles, boats and
planes.
Sirius XM also holds a 70% equity interest and 33% voting interest
in Sirius XM Canada. Sirius XM Canada's subscribers are not
included in our subscriber count or subscriber-based operating
metrics.
Pandora and Off-platform
Pandora operates a music and podcast streaming discovery platform,
offering a personalized experience for each listener wherever and
whenever they want to listen, whether through computers, tablets,
mobile devices, vehicle speakers or connected devices.
Pandora enables listeners to create personalized stations and
playlists, discover new content, hear artist- and expert-curated
playlists, podcasts and select Sirius XM content as well as search
and play songs and albums on-demand. Pandora is available as
(1) an ad-supported radio service, (2) a radio subscription service
(Pandora Plus) and (3) an on-demand subscription service (Pandora
Premium). As of December 31, 2022, Pandora had
approximately 6.2 million subscribers.
The majority of revenue from Pandora is generated from advertising
on our Pandora ad-supported radio service which is sold under the
SXM Media brand. We also derive subscription revenue from our
Pandora Plus and Pandora Premium subscribers.
We also sell advertising on other audio platforms and in widely
distributed podcasts, which we consider to be off-platform
services. We have an arrangement with SoundCloud Holdings, LLC
("SoundCloud") to be its exclusive ad sales representative in the
US and certain European countries and offer advertisers the ability
to execute campaigns across the Pandora and SoundCloud platforms.
We also have arrangements to serve as the ad sales representative
for certain podcasts. In addition, through AdsWizz Inc., we provide
a comprehensive digital audio and programmatic advertising
technology platform, which connects audio publishers and
advertisers with a variety of ad insertion, campaign trafficking,
yield optimization, programmatic buying, marketplace and podcast
monetization solutions.
Liberty Media
As of December 31, 2022, Liberty Media beneficially owned,
directly and indirectly, approximately 82% of the outstanding
shares of our common stock. As a result, we are a
“controlled company” for the purposes of the NASDAQ corporate
governance requirements.
Results of Operations
Set forth below are our results of operations for the year ended
December 31, 2022 compared with the year ended
December 31, 2021. Refer to our Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 2021 filed with the SEC on February 1, 2022 for
our results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2021
compared with the year ended December 31, 2020. The results of
operations are presented for each of our reporting segments for
revenue and cost of services and on a consolidated basis for all
other items.
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For the Years Ended December 31, |
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2022 vs 2021 Change |
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2022 |
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2021 |
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Amount |
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% |
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Revenue |
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Sirius XM: |
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|
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|
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Subscriber revenue |
|
|
|
|
$ |
6,370 |
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|
$ |
6,084 |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
286 |
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|
5 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Advertising revenue |
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|
|
|
196 |
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|
188 |
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|
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|
|
|
|
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8 |
|
|
4 |
% |
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|
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Equipment revenue |
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|
|
|
189 |
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|
201 |
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|
|
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|
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(12) |
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|
(6) |
% |
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|
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Other revenue |
|
|
|
|
150 |
|
|
151 |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
|
(1) |
% |
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|
|
|
Total Sirius XM revenue |
|
|
|
|
6,905 |
|
|
6,624 |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
281 |
|
|
4 |
% |
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|
|
|
Pandora and Off-platform: |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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Subscriber revenue |
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|
|
|
522 |
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|
530 |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(8) |
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|
(2) |
% |
|
|
|
|
Advertising revenue |
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|
|
|
1,576 |
|
|
1,542 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
34 |
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Total Pandora and Off-platform revenue |
|
|
|
|
2,098 |
|
|
2,072 |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
26 |
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
|
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Total consolidated revenue |
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|
|
|
9,003 |
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|
8,696 |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
307 |
|
|
4 |
% |
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|
|
|
Cost of services |
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Sirius XM: |
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|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue share and royalties |
|
|
|
|
1,552 |
|
|
1,532 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Programming and content |
|
|
|
|
546 |
|
|
511 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
35 |
|
|
7 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Customer service and billing |
|
|
|
|
415 |
|
|
415 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
% |
|
|
|
|
Transmission |
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|
|
|
158 |
|
|
159 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
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|
(1) |
% |
|
|
|
|
Cost of equipment |
|
|
|
|
13 |
|
|
18 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5) |
|
|
(28) |
% |
|
|
|
|
Total Sirius XM cost of services |
|
|
|
|
2,684 |
|
|
2,635 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
49 |
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|
2 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Pandora and Off-platform: |
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue share and royalties |
|
|
|
|
1,250 |
|
|
1,140 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
110 |
|
|
10 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Programming and content |
|
|
|
|
58 |
|
|
48 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
21 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Customer service and billing |
|
|
|
|
82 |
|
|
86 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(4) |
|
|
(5) |
% |
|
|
|
|
Transmission |
|
|
|
|
56 |
|
|
59 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(3) |
|
|
(5) |
% |
|
|
|
|
Total Pandora and Off-platform cost of services |
|
|
|
|
1,446 |
|
|
1,333 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
113 |
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Total consolidated cost of services |
|
|
|
|
4,130 |
|
|
3,968 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
162 |
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Subscriber acquisition costs |
|
|
|
|
352 |
|
|
325 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
27 |
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Sales and marketing |
|
|
|
|
1,075 |
|
|
1,056 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19 |
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Engineering, design and development |
|
|
|
|
285 |
|
|
265 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20 |
|
|
8 |
% |
|
|
|
|
General and administrative |
|
|
|
|
525 |
|
|
514 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11 |
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
|
|
536 |
|
|
533 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Impairment, restructuring and acquisition costs |
|
|
|
|
64 |
|
|
20 |
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
44 |
|
|
nm |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
|
|
6,967 |
|
|
6,681 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
286 |
|
|
4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Income from operations |
|
|
|
|
2,036 |
|
|
2,015 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21 |
|
|
1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Other (expense) income: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense |
|
|
|
|
(422) |
|
|
(415) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7) |
|
|
(2) |
% |
|
|
|
|
Loss on extinguishment of debt |
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
(83) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
83 |
|
|
nm |
|
|
|
|
Other (expense) income |
|
|
|
|
(9) |
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(18) |
|
|
nm |
|
|
|
|
Total other expense |
|
|
|
|
(431) |
|
|
(489) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
58 |
|
|
12 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Income before income taxes |
|
|
|
|
1,605 |
|
|
1,526 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
79 |
|
|
5 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Income tax expense |
|
|
|
|
(392) |
|
|
(212) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(180) |
|
|
(85) |
% |
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,213 |
|
|
$ |
1,314 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
(101) |
|
|
(8) |
% |
|
|
|
|
nm - not meaningful
Sirius XM Revenue
Sirius XM Subscriber Revenue
includes fees charged for self-pay and paid promotional
subscriptions, U.S. Music Royalty Fees and other ancillary
fees.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, subscriber
revenue was $6,370 and $6,084, respectively, an increase of 5%, or
$286. The increase was primarily driven by growth in our ARPU of 6%
and in our self-pay subscriber base of 1% driving higher self-pay
revenue and U.S. Music Royalty Fees, partially offset by lower
revenue generated from automakers offering paid promotional
subscriptions.
We expect subscriber revenues to increase based on increases in the
average price of our subscriptions.
Sirius XM Advertising Revenue
includes the sale of advertising on Sirius XM’s non-music
channels.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, advertising
revenue was $196 and $188, respectively, an increase of 4%, or $8.
The increase was due to a greater number of spots sold and aired
primarily on sports and news channels.
We expect our Sirius XM advertising revenue to grow as we improve
monetization opportunities through SXM Media, our advertising sales
group.
Sirius XM Equipment Revenue
includes revenue and royalties from the sale of satellite radios,
components and accessories.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, equipment
revenue was $189 and $201, respectively, a decrease of 6%, or $12.
The decrease was driven by lower royalties due to supplier cost
increases related to the semiconductor supply shortages as well as
lower radio sales; partially offset by higher chipset production
driven by an increase in OEM demand.
We expect equipment revenue to decrease due to the semiconductor
supply shortages driving higher chipset costs.
Sirius XM Other Revenue
includes service and advisory revenue from Sirius XM Canada,
revenue from our connected vehicle services, and ancillary
revenues.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, other revenue
was $150 and $151, respectively, a decrease of 1%, or $1. The
decrease was primarily driven by lower revenue generated from our
connected vehicle services, partially offset by higher revenue
generated by Sirius XM Canada.
We expect other revenue to decline as revenue generated by Sirius
XM Canada and from our connected vehicle services
decrease.
Pandora and Off-platform Revenue
Pandora and Off-platform Subscriber Revenue
includes fees charged for Pandora Plus, Pandora Premium, Stitcher
and Simplecast subscriptions.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, Pandora and
Off-platform subscriber revenue was $522 and $530, respectively, a
decrease of 2%, or $8. The decrease was primarily driven by the
decline in Pandora's subscriber base.
We expect Pandora and Off-platform subscriber revenues to decline
slightly.
Pandora and Off-platform Advertising Revenue
is generated primarily from audio, display and video advertising
from on-platform and off-platform advertising.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, Pandora and
Off-platform advertising revenue was $1,576 and $1,542,
respectively, an increase of 2%, or $34. The increase was primarily
driven by additional revenue generated by our Off-platform and
podcast businesses, partially offset by a decline in on-platform
revenue.
We expect Pandora and Off-platform advertising revenue to remain
relatively flat given macroeconomic trends as growth in our
Off-platform and podcast businesses is offset by a decline in
on-platform revenue.
Total Consolidated Revenue
Total Consolidated Revenue
for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, was $9,003 and
$8,696, respectively, an increase of 4%, or $307.
Sirius XM Cost of Services
Sirius XM Cost of Services
includes revenue share and royalties, programming and content,
customer service and billing and transmission
expenses.
Sirius XM Revenue Share and Royalties
include royalties for transmitting content, including streaming
royalties, as well as automaker, content provider and advertising
revenue share.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, revenue share
and royalties were $1,552 and $1,532, respectively, an increase of
1%, or $20, but decreased as a percentage of total Sirius XM
revenue. The increase was driven by overall greater revenues
subject to revenue share.
We expect our Sirius XM revenue share and royalty costs to increase
as our revenues grow.
Sirius XM Programming and Content
includes costs to acquire, create, promote and produce content. We
have entered into various agreements with third parties for music
and non-music programming that require us to pay license fees and
other amounts.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, programming
and content expenses were $546 and $511, respectively, an increase
of 7%, or $35, and increased as a percentage of total Sirius XM
revenue. The increase was driven by higher content licensing
costs.
We expect our Sirius XM programming and content expenses to
increase as we offer additional programming and renew or replace
expiring agreements.
Sirius XM Customer Service and Billing
includes costs associated with the operation and management of
internal and third party customer service centers, and our
subscriber management systems as well as billing and collection
costs, bad debt expense, and transaction fees.
For both the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, customer
service and billing expenses were $415 and decreased as a
percentage of total Sirius XM revenue. Higher transaction costs and
bad debt expense resulting from a higher self-pay subscriber base
were offset by lower call center costs.
We expect our Sirius XM customer service and billing expenses to
remain relatively flat.
Sirius XM Transmission
consists of costs associated with the operation and maintenance of
our terrestrial repeater networks; satellites; satellite telemetry,
tracking and control systems; satellite uplink facilities; studios;
and delivery of our Internet and 360L streaming and connected
vehicle services.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, transmission
expenses were $158 and $159, respectively, a decrease of 1%, or $1,
and decreased as a percentage of total Sirius XM revenue. The
decrease was primarily driven by lower wireless costs, partially
offset by costs associated with consumers using our 360L
platform.
We expect our Sirius XM transmission expenses to increase as costs
associated with consumers using our 360L platform rise and
investments in streaming grow.
Sirius XM Cost of Equipment
includes costs from the sale of satellite radios, components and
accessories and provisions for inventory allowance attributable to
products purchased for resale in our direct to consumer
distribution channels.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, cost of
equipment was $13 and $18, respectively, a decrease of 28%, or $5,
and decreased as a percentage of equipment revenue. The decrease
was driven by lower component and accessories sales.
We expect our Sirius XM cost of equipment to remain relatively
flat.
Pandora and Off-platform Cost of Services
Pandora and Off-platform Cost of Services
includes revenue share and royalties, programming and content,
customer service and billing, and transmission
expenses.
Pandora and Off-platform Revenue Share and Royalties
includes licensing fees paid for streaming music or other content
to our subscribers and listeners as well as revenue share paid to
third party ad servers. We make payments to third party ad servers
for the period the advertising impressions are delivered or
click-through actions occur, and accordingly, we record this as a
cost of service in the related period.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, revenue share
and royalties were $1,250 and $1,140, respectively, an increase of
10%, or $110, and increased as a percentage of total Pandora
revenue. The increase was primarily due to costs related to the
acquisition of rights to sell advertising in certain
podcasts.
We expect our Pandora and Off-platform revenue share and royalties
to increase based on a variety of music-related factors, including
higher royalty rates under the statutory webcasting license, and
additional costs associated with our podcast distribution
agreements.
Pandora and Off-platform Programming and Content
includes costs to produce live listener events and promote
content.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, programming
and content expenses were $58 and $48, respectively, an increase of
21%, or $10, and increased as a percentage of total Pandora
revenue. The increase was primarily attributable to higher
personnel-related costs.
We expect our Pandora and Off-platform programming and content
costs to increase as we offer additional programming and produce
live listener events and promotions.
Pandora and Off-platform Customer Service and Billing
includes transaction fees on subscription purchases through mobile
app stores and bad debt expense.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, customer
service and billing expenses were $82 and $86, respectively, a
decrease of 5%, or $4, and decreased as a percentage of total
Pandora revenue. The decrease was primarily driven by lower
transaction fees.
We expect our Pandora and Off-platform customer service and billing
costs to decrease with declines in our subscriber
base.
Pandora and Off-platform Transmission
includes costs associated with content streaming, maintaining our
streaming radio and on-demand subscription services and creating
and serving advertisements through third-party ad
servers.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, transmission
expenses were $56 and $59, respectively, a decrease of 5%, or $3,
and decreased as a percentage of total Pandora revenue. The
decrease was primarily driven by lower personnel-related
costs.
We expect our Pandora and Off-platform transmission costs to
decrease as a result of lower listener hours.
Operating Costs
Subscriber Acquisition Costs
are costs associated with our satellite radio service and include
hardware subsidies paid to radio manufacturers, distributors and
automakers; subsidies paid for chipsets and certain other
components used in manufacturing radios; device royalties for
certain radios and chipsets; product warranty obligations; and
freight. The majority of subscriber acquisition costs are incurred
and expensed in advance of acquiring a subscriber. Subscriber
acquisition costs do not include advertising costs, marketing,
loyalty payments to distributors and dealers of satellite radios or
revenue share payments to automakers and retailers of satellite
radios.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, subscriber
acquisition costs were $352 and $325, respectively, an increase of
8%, or $27, and increased as a percentage of total revenue. The
increase was driven by OEM installations which grew 10%, compared
to the prior year.
We expect subscriber acquisition costs to fluctuate with OEM
installations. We intend to continue to offer subsidies
and other incentives to induce OEMs to include our technology in
their vehicles.
Sales and Marketing
includes costs for marketing, advertising, media and production,
including promotional events and sponsorships; cooperative and
artist marketing; and personnel related costs including salaries,
commissions, and sales support. Marketing costs include expenses
related to direct mail, outbound telemarketing, email
communications, social media, television and performance
media.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, sales and
marketing expenses were $1,075 and $1,056, respectively, an
increase of 2%, or $19, but decreased as a percentage of total
revenue. The increase was primarily due to additional investments
in advertising and marketing to support our brands and streaming
marketing expenditures.
We anticipate that sales and marketing expenses will decline
slightly based on current levels of direct marketing, performance
media, and brand marketing spend associated with acquiring and
retaining listeners and subscribers.
Engineering, Design and Development
consists primarily of compensation and related costs to develop
chipsets and new products and services, including streaming and
connected vehicle services, research and development for broadcast
information systems and the design and development costs to
incorporate Sirius XM radios into new vehicles manufactured by
automakers.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, engineering,
design and development expenses were $285 and $265, respectively,
an increase of 8%, or $20, and increased as a percentage of total
revenue. The increase was driven primarily by higher cloud
hosting costs as well as higher personnel-related
costs.
We expect engineering, design and development expenses to increase
in future periods as we continue to develop our infrastructure,
products and services.
General and Administrative
primarily consists of compensation and related costs for personnel
and facilities, and include costs related to our finance, legal,
human resources and information technologies
departments.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, general and
administrative expenses were $525 and $514, respectively, an
increase of 2%, or $11, and decreased as a percentage of total
revenue. The increase was primarily driven by higher legal,
data center, and consulting costs, partially offset by lower
personnel-related costs.
We expect our general and administrative expenses to remain
relatively flat.
Depreciation and Amortization
represents the recognition in earnings of the cost of assets used
in operations, including our satellite constellations, property,
equipment and intangible assets, over their estimated service
lives.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, depreciation
and amortization expense was $536 and $533, respectively, an
increase of 1%, or $3, and decreased as a percentage of total
revenue. The increase was driven by the addition of
software that was developed and placed in service.
Impairment, Restructuring and Acquisition Costs
represents impairment charges, net of insurance recoveries,
associated with the carrying amount of an asset exceeding the
asset's fair value, restructuring expenses associated with the
abandonment of certain leased office spaces and acquisition
costs.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, impairment,
restructuring, and acquisition costs were $64 and $20,
respectively. During 2022, we recorded an impairment of $43
associated with terminated software projects, $16 related to
certain vacated office spaces, $5 in connection with furniture and
equipment located at the impaired office spaces, and $6 related to
personnel severance as well as acquisition related costs of $2;
partially offset by $8 from the gain on sale of real estate. During
2021, we recorded restructuring costs of $25 resulting from the
termination of leased office space and $12 related to acquisition
costs, partially offset by the reversal of a liability related to
the Stitcher acquisition.
Other Income (Expense)
Interest Expense
includes interest on outstanding debt.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, interest
expense was $422 and $415, respectively, an increase of 2%, or
$7. The increase was primarily driven by a higher
average outstanding debt balance as well as lower capitalized
interest, partially offset by lower interest rates.
Loss on Extinguishment of Debt
includes losses incurred as a result of the redemption of certain
debt.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, loss on
extinguishment of debt was $0 and $83, respectively. The
loss on extinguishment of debt recorded in 2021 was due to the
redemption of $1,000 principal amount of Sirius XM's
3.875% Senior Notes due 2022, $1,500 principal amount of Sirius
XM's 4.625% Senior Notes due 2024, and $1,000 principal amount of
Sirius XM's 5.375% Senior Notes due 2026.
Other (Expense) Income
primarily
includes realized and unrealized gains and losses from our Deferred
Compensation Plan and other investments, interest and dividend
income, our share of the income or loss from equity investments in
Sirius XM Canada and SoundCloud, and transaction costs related to
non-operating investments.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, other
(expense) income was $(9) and $9, respectively. Other
expense for the year ended December 31, 2022, was primarily driven
by trading losses associated with the investments held for our
Deferred Compensation Plan. Other income for the year ended
December 31, 2021, was primarily driven by interest earned on
our loan to Sirius XM Canada.
Income Taxes
Income Tax Expense
includes the change in our deferred tax assets, current federal and
state tax expenses, and foreign withholding taxes.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, income tax
expense was $392 and $212, respectively, and our effective tax rate
was 24.4% and 13.9%, respectively.
Our effective tax rate of 24.4% for the year ended
December 31, 2022 was primarily impacted by federal and state
income tax expense as well as changes in state valuation allowance,
partially offset by a benefit related to research and development
and certain other credits. Our effective tax rate of 13.9% for the
year ended December 31, 2021 was primarily impacted by federal
and state income tax expense, partially offset by settlements with
various states as well as a benefit related to research and
development and certain other credits.
Key Financial and Operating Performance Metrics
In this section, we present certain financial performance measures,
some of which are presented as Non-GAAP items, which include free
cash flow and adjusted EBITDA. We also present certain operating
performance measures. Our adjusted EBITDA excludes the impact of
share-based payment expense. Additionally, when applicable,
our adjusted EBITDA metric excludes the effect of significant items
that do not relate to the on-going performance of our
business. We use these Non-GAAP financial and operating
performance measures to manage our business, to set operational
goals and as a basis for determining performance-based compensation
for our employees. See the accompanying Glossary for more details
and for the reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP
measure (where applicable).
We believe these Non-GAAP financial and operating performance
measures provide useful information to investors regarding our
financial condition and results of operations. We believe these
Non-GAAP financial and operating performance measures may be useful
to investors in evaluating our core trends because they provide a
more direct view of our underlying costs. We believe investors may
use our adjusted EBITDA to estimate our current enterprise value
and to make investment decisions. We believe free cash flow
provides useful supplemental information to investors regarding our
cash available for future subscriber acquisitions and capital
expenditures, to repurchase or retire debt, to acquire other
companies and our ability to return capital to stockholders. By
providing these Non-GAAP financial and operating performance
measures, together with the reconciliations to the most directly
comparable GAAP measure (where applicable), we believe we are
enhancing investors' understanding of our business and our results
of operations.
Our Non-GAAP financial measures should be viewed in addition to,
and not as an alternative for or superior to, our reported results
prepared in accordance with GAAP. In addition, our
Non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to
similarly-titled measures by other companies. Please
refer to the Glossary for a further discussion of such Non-GAAP
financial and operating performance measures and reconciliations to
the most directly comparable GAAP measure (where
applicable). Subscribers and subscription related
revenues and expenses associated with our connected vehicle
services and Sirius XM Canada are not included in Sirius XM's
subscriber count or subscriber-based operating
metrics.
Set forth below are our subscriber balances as of December 31,
2022 compared to December 31, 2021.
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As of December 31, |
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2022 vs 2021 Change |
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|
(subscribers in thousands) |
2022 |
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2021 |
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|
Amount |
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% |
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|
Sirius XM |
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|
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|
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|
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Self-pay subscribers |
32,387 |
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|
32,039 |
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|
348 |
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|
1 |
% |
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Paid promotional subscribers |
1,918 |
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|
1,994 |
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|
(76) |
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|
(4) |
% |
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Ending subscribers |
34,305 |
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|
34,033 |
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|
|
|
272 |
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|
1 |
% |
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|
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Sirius XM Canada subscribers |
2,567 |
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|
2,517 |
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50 |
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2 |
% |
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Pandora and Off-platform |
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Monthly active users - all services |
47,638 |
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|
52,275 |
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(4,637) |
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(9) |
% |
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Self-pay subscribers |
6,215 |
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|
6,324 |
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|
|
(109) |
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|
(2) |
% |
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|
|
|
Paid promotional subscribers |
— |
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|
69 |
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|
(69) |
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(100) |
% |
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Ending subscribers |
6,215 |
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|
6,393 |
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|
(178) |
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(3) |
% |
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|
|
|
The following table contains our Non-GAAP financial and operating
performance measures which are based on our adjusted results of
operations for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Refer to our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021
filed with the SEC on February 1, 2022 for our Non-GAAP financial
and operating performance measures for the year ended
December 31, 2021 compared with the year ended
December 31, 2020.
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For the Years Ended December 31, |
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|
2022 vs 2021 Change |
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(subscribers in thousands) |
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2022 |
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2021 |
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Amount |
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% |
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|
|
|
Sirius XM |
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|
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Self-pay subscribers |
|
|
|
|
348 |
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|
1,152 |
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|
(804) |
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|
(70) |
% |
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|
|
Paid promotional subscribers |
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|
|
|
(76) |
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|
(1,833) |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,757 |
|
|
96 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Net additions |
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|
|
|
272 |
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|
(681) |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
953 |
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|
140 |
% |
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|
|
|
Weighted average number of subscribers |
|
|
|
|
34,039 |
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|
34,345 |
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|
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|
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|
|
(306) |
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|
(1) |
% |
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Average self-pay monthly churn |
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|
|
|
1.5 |
% |
|
1.6 |
% |
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(0.1) |
% |
|
(6) |
% |
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ARPU
(1)
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|
|
|
|
$ |
15.63 |
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|
$ |
14.76 |
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|
$ |
0.87 |
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6 |
% |
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SAC, per installation |
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|
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|
$ |
14.32 |
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|
$ |
12.58 |
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|
$ |
1.74 |
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|
14 |
% |
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|
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|
|
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|
|
|
Pandora and Off-platform |
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
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|
|
|
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|
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Self-pay subscribers |
|
|
|
|
(109) |
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|
45 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(154) |
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|
(342) |
% |
|
|
|
|
Paid promotional subscribers |
|
|
|
|
(69) |
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|
7 |
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
(76) |
|
|
nm |
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Net additions |
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|
|
|
(178) |
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|
52 |
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|
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(230) |
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|
(442) |
% |
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|
Weighted average number of subscribers |
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|
|
|
6,308 |
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|
6,487 |
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(179) |
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(3) |
% |
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Ad supported listener hours (in billions) |
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|
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10.88 |
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|
11.55 |
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(0.67) |
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(6) |
% |
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Advertising revenue per thousand listener hours (RPM) |
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|
|
|
$ |
101.19 |
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$ |
102.74 |
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|
$ |
(1.55) |
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|
(2) |
% |
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Total Company |
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|
|
Adjusted EBITDA |
|
|
|
|
$ |
2,833 |
|
|
$ |
2,770 |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
63 |
|
|
2 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Free cash flow |
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,551 |
|
|
$ |
1,831 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
(280) |
|
|
(15) |
% |
|
|
|
|
nm - not meaningful
(1) ARPU for Sirius XM excludes subscriber
revenue from our connected vehicle services of $182 and $190 for
the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021,
respectively.
Sirius XM
Subscribers.
At December 31, 2022, we had approximately 34,305 subscribers,
an increase of approximately 272 subscribers, or 1%, from the
approximately 34,033 subscribers as of December 31, 2021. The
increase was due to growth in our self-pay subscriber base,
partially offset by the decline in paid promotional subscribers
generated by automakers driven by a shift to shorter paid trials
and unpaid trials.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, net subscriber
additions were 272 and (681), respectively, an increase of 140%, or
953. The increase was driven by paid promotional net additions,
which remained negative, but increased compared to the prior year
due to certain developments experienced during the first half of
2021, including the impact of the semiconductor supply shortage as
well as a shift to free trials at certain automakers.
Self-pay net additions decreased driven by a lower trial funnel and
lower vehicle conversion rates, partially offset by lower voluntary
churn as well as growth in streaming net additions.
Sirius XM Canada Subscribers.
At December 31, 2022, Sirius XM Canada had approximately 2,567
subscribers, an increase of 50, or 2%, from the approximately 2,517
Sirius XM Canada subscribers as of December 31,
2021.
Average Self-pay Monthly Churn
is derived by dividing the monthly average of self-pay
deactivations for the period by the average number of self-pay
subscribers for the period. (See accompanying Glossary for
more details.)
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, our average
self-pay monthly churn rate was 1.5% and 1.6%, respectively. The
decrease was driven by lower voluntary and vehicle related
churn.
ARPU
is derived from total earned subscriber revenue (excluding revenue
derived from our connected vehicle services) and net advertising
revenue, divided by the number of months in the period, divided by
the daily weighted average number of subscribers for the period.
(See the accompanying Glossary for more details.)
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, ARPU was
$15.63 and $14.76, respectively. The increase was driven by
increases in certain subscription rates, partially offset by the
impact of the mix of promotional plans.
SAC, Per Installation,
is derived from subscriber acquisition costs less margins from the
sale of radios, components and accessories (excluding connected
vehicle services), divided by the number of satellite radio
installations in new vehicles and shipments of aftermarket radios
for the period. (See the accompanying Glossary for more
details.)
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, SAC, per
installation, was $14.32 and $12.58, respectively. The increase was
driven by higher OEM hardware subsidy rates combined with a change
in the mix of OEMs and higher chipset costs due to the
semiconductor supply shortages.
Pandora and Off-platform
Monthly Active Users.
At December 31, 2022, Pandora had approximately 47,638 monthly
active users, a decrease of 4,637 monthly active users, or 9%, from
the 52,275 monthly active users as of December 31, 2021. The
decrease in monthly active users was driven by an increase in
ad-supported listener churn and a decrease in the number of new
users.
Subscribers.
At December 31, 2022, Pandora had approximately 6,215
subscribers, a decrease of 178, or 3%, from the approximately 6,393
subscribers as of December 31, 2021.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, net subscriber
additions were (178) and 52, respectively, a decrease of 442%, or
230. Net additions decreased as a result of a decline in trial
starts.
Ad supported listener hours
are a key indicator of our Pandora business and the engagement of
our Pandora listeners. We include ad supported listener hours
related to Pandora's non-radio content offerings in the definition
of listener hours.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, ad supported
listener hours was 10.88 billion and 11.55 billion, respectively.
The decrease in ad supported listener hours was primarily driven by
the decline in monthly active users, partially offset by higher
hours per active user.
RPM
is a key indicator of our ability to monetize advertising inventory
created by our listener hours on the Pandora services. Ad RPM is
calculated by dividing advertising revenue by the number of
thousands of listener hours to our Pandora advertising-based
service.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, RPM was
$101.19 and $102.74, respectively. The decrease was a result of a
decline in sell-through.
Total Company
Adjusted EBITDA.
EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense, income tax
expense and depreciation and amortization. Adjusted
EBITDA excludes or adjusts for the impact of other expense
(income), loss on extinguishment of debt, impairment, restructuring
and acquisition costs, other non-cash charges such as share-based
payment expense, and legal settlements and reserves (if
applicable). (See the accompanying Glossary for a reconciliation to
GAAP and for more details.)
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, adjusted
EBITDA was $2,833 and $2,770, respectively, an increase of 2%, or
$63. The increase was due to higher subscriber and advertising
revenue, partially offset by higher revenue share and royalties,
programming, and subscriber acquisition costs.
Free Cash Flow
includes cash provided by operations plus insurance recoveries on
our satellites, net of additions to property and equipment, and
restricted and other investment activity. (See the accompanying
Glossary for a reconciliation to GAAP and for more
details.)
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, free cash flow
was $1,551 and $1,831, respectively, a decrease of $280, or 15%.
The decrease was driven by satellite insurance recoveries in 2021
and higher income tax payments; partially offset by cash received
from customers.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The following table presents a summary of our cash flow activity
for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared with the year
ended December 31, 2021. Refer to our Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 2021 filed with the SEC on
February 1, 2022 for our cash flows for the year ended December 31,
2021 compared with the year ended December 31, 2020.
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Years Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
|
|
2022 vs 2021 |
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities |
$ |
1,976 |
|
|
$ |
1,998 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
(22) |
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities |
(548) |
|
|
(200) |
|
|
|
|
(348) |
|
|
|
Net cash used in financing activities |
(1,562) |
|
|
(1,682) |
|
|
|
|
120 |
|
|
|
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted
cash |
(134) |
|
|
116 |
|
|
|
|
(250) |
|
|
|
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of
period |
199 |
|
|
83 |
|
|
|
|
116 |
|
|
|
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of
period |
$ |
65 |
|
|
$ |
199 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
(134) |
|
|
|
Cash Flows Provided by Operating Activities
Cash flows provided by operating activities decreased by $22 to
$1,976 for the year ended December 31, 2022 from $1,998 for
the year ended December 31, 2021.
Our largest source of cash provided by operating activities is cash
generated by subscription and subscription-related revenues.
We also generate cash from the sale of advertising through our
Pandora business, advertising on certain non-music channels on
Sirius XM and the sale of satellite radios, components and
accessories. Our primary uses of cash from operating
activities include revenue share and royalty payments to
distributors, programming and content providers, and payments to
radio manufacturers, distributors and automakers. In addition, uses
of cash from operating activities include payments to vendors to
service, maintain and acquire listeners and subscribers, general
corporate expenditures, and compensation and related
costs.
Cash Flows Used in Investing Activities
Cash flows used in investing activities in the year ended
December 31, 2022 were primarily due to spending for
capitalized software and hardware, to construct satellites, and
acquisitions for total cash consideration of $136. Cash flows used
in investing activities in the year ended December 31, 2021
were primarily due to spending primarily for capitalized software
and hardware, and to construct a replacement satellite, partially
offset by proceeds collected from satellite insurance policies
associated with SXM-7. We spent $247 and $238 on capitalized
software and hardware as well as $122 and $93 to construct
satellites during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021,
respectively.
Cash Flows Used in Financing Activities
Cash flows used in financing activities consists of the issuance
and repayment of long-term debt, the purchase of common stock under
our share repurchase program, the payment of cash dividends and
taxes paid in lieu of shares issued for stock-based
compensation. Proceeds from long-term debt have been
used to fund our operations, construct and launch new satellites,
fund acquisitions, invest in other infrastructure improvements and
purchase shares of our common stock.
Cash flows used in financing activities in the year ended
December 31, 2022 were primarily due to the payment of cash
dividends of $1,339, the purchase and retirement of shares of our
common stock under our repurchase program for $647, and payment of
$114 for taxes in lieu of shares issued for share-based
compensation, partially offset by net borrowings under our Credit
Facility of $80 and an amendment to our Credit Facility to
incorporate an Incremental Term Loan borrowing of $500 ($499 net of
costs) which matures on April 11, 2024. Cash flows used in
financing activities in the year ended December 31, 2021 were
primarily due to the redemptions of Sirius XM's 3.875% Senior Notes
due 2022 for $1,019, 4.625% Senior Notes due 2024 for $1,541 and
5.375% Senior Notes due 2026 for $1,034, the purchase and
retirement of shares of our common stock under our repurchase
program for $1,523, the payment of cash dividends of $268, payment
of $103 for taxes in lieu of shares issued for share-based
compensation, and the repayment of borrowings under our Credit
Facility of $653; partially offset by the issuance of $2,000 in
aggregate principal amount of Sirius XM's 4.00% Senior Notes due
2028, $1,000 in aggregate principal amount of Sirius XM's 3.125%
Senior Notes due 2026, and $1,500 in aggregate principal amount of
Sirius XM's 3.875% Senior Notes due 2031.
Future Liquidity and Capital Resource Requirements
Based upon our current business plans, we expect to fund operating
expenses, capital expenditures, including the construction of
replacement satellites, working capital requirements, interest
payments, taxes and scheduled maturities of our debt with existing
cash, cash flow from operations and borrowings under our Credit
Facility. As of December 31, 2022, $80 was
outstanding under our Credit Facility and $1,670 was available for
future borrowing under our Credit Facility. We believe
that we have sufficient cash and cash equivalents, as well as debt
capacity, to cover our estimated short-term and long-term funding
needs, including amounts to construct, launch and insure
replacement satellites, as well as fund future stock repurchases,
future dividend payments and to pursue strategic
opportunities.
Our ability to meet our debt and other obligations depends on our
future operating performance and on economic, financial,
competitive and other factors.
We regularly evaluate our business plans and strategy. These
evaluations often result in changes to our business plans and
strategy, some of which may be material and significantly change
our cash requirements. These changes in our business plans or
strategy may include: the acquisition of unique or compelling
programming; the development and introduction of new features or
services; significant new or enhanced distribution arrangements;
investments in infrastructure, such as satellites, equipment or
radio spectrum; and acquisitions and investments, including
acquisitions and investments that are not directly related to our
existing business.
We may from time to time purchase our outstanding debt through open
market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise.
Purchases or retirement of debt, if any, will depend on prevailing
market conditions, liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions
and other factors. The amounts involved may be
material.
Capital Return Program
As of December 31, 2022, our board of directors had authorized
for repurchase an aggregate of $18,000 of our common
stock. As of December 31, 2022, our cumulative
repurchases since December 2012 under our stock repurchase program
totaled 3,662 shares for $16,558, and $1,442 remained available for
additional repurchases under our existing stock repurchase program
authorization.
Shares of common stock may be purchased from time to time on the
open market and in privately negotiated transactions, including in
accelerated stock repurchase transactions and transactions with
Liberty Media and its affiliates. We intend to fund the additional
repurchases through a combination of cash on hand, cash generated
by operations and future borrowings. The size and timing of any
purchases will be based on a number of factors, including price and
business and market conditions.
On January 25, 2023, our board of directors declared a
quarterly dividend on our common stock in the amount of $0.0242 per
share of common stock payable on February 24, 2023 to
stockholders of record as of the close of business on
February 9, 2023.
Debt Covenants
The indentures governing Sirius XM's senior notes and Pandora's
convertible notes and the agreement governing the Sirius XM Credit
Facility include restrictive covenants. As of
December 31, 2022, we were in compliance with such
covenants. For a discussion of our “Debt Covenants,”
refer to Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements in Part
II, Item 8, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any significant off-balance sheet arrangements other
than those disclosed in Note 16 to our consolidated financial
statements in Part II, Item 8, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K
that are reasonably likely to have a material effect on our
financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital
expenditures or capital resources.
Contractual Cash Commitments
For a discussion of our “Contractual Cash Commitments,” refer to
Note 16 to our consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item
8, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Related Party Transactions
For a discussion of “Related Party Transactions,” refer to Note 12
to our consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8, of
this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance
with GAAP, which requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods.
Accounting estimates require the use of significant management
assumptions and judgments as to future events, and the effect of
those events cannot be predicted with certainty. The accounting
estimates will change as new events occur, more experience is
acquired and more information is obtained. We evaluate and update
our assumptions and estimates on an ongoing basis and use outside
experts to assist in that evaluation when we deem necessary. We
have identified all significant accounting policies in Note 2 to
our consolidated financial statements in Part II, Item 8, of this
Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Non-Financial Instrument Valuations.
Our non-financial instrument valuations are primarily comprised of
our determination of the estimated fair value allocation of net
tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in business
combinations, our annual assessment of the recoverability of our
goodwill and other nonamortizable intangibles, such as trademarks,
and our evaluation of the recoverability of our other long-lived
assets upon certain triggering events. If the carrying value of our
long-lived assets exceeds their estimated fair value, we are
required to write the carrying value down to fair value. Any such
writedown is included in Impairment, restructuring and acquisition
costs in our consolidated statement of operations. Judgment is
required to estimate the fair value of our long-lived assets. We
may use quoted market prices, prices for similar assets, present
value techniques and other valuation techniques to prepare these
estimates. We may need to make estimates of future cash flows and
discount rates as well as other assumptions in order to implement
these valuation techniques. Due to the degree of judgment involved
in our estimation techniques, any value ultimately derived from our
long-lived assets may differ from our estimate of fair value. As
each of our operating segments has long-lived assets, this critical
accounting policy affects the financial position and results of
operations of each segment.
As of December 31, 2022, the intangible assets not subject to
amortization for each of our consolidated reportable segments were
as follows (amounts in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Goodwill |
|
FCC Licenses |
|
Trademarks |
|
Total |
Sirius XM |
|
$ |
2,290 |
|
|
$ |
2,084 |
|
|
$ |
250 |
|
|
$ |
4,624 |
|
Pandora and Off-platform |
|
959 |
|
|
— |
|
|
312 |
|
|
1,271 |
|
Consolidated |
|
$ |
3,249 |
|
|
$ |
2,084 |
|
|
$ |
562 |
|
|
$ |
5,895 |
|
We perform our annual assessment of the recoverability of our
goodwill and other nonamortizable intangible assets in the fourth
quarter each year, or more frequently if events and circumstances
indicate impairment may have occurred. The accounting guidance
permits entities to first assess qualitative factors to determine
whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a
reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for
determining whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative
goodwill impairment test. The accounting guidance also allows
entities the option to bypass the qualitative assessment for any
reporting unit in any period and proceed directly to the
quantitative impairment test. The entity may resume performing the
qualitative assessment in any subsequent period. In evaluating
goodwill on a qualitative basis, the Company reviews the business
performance of each reporting unit and evaluates other relevant
factors as identified in the relevant accounting guidance to
determine whether it is more likely than not that an indicated
impairment exists for any of our reporting units. The Company
considers whether there are any negative macroeconomic conditions,
industry specific conditions, market changes, increased
competition, increased costs in doing business, management
challenges, the legal environments and how these factors might
impact company specific performance in future periods. As part of
the analysis, the Company also considers fair value determinations
for certain reporting units that have been made at various points
throughout the current and prior year for other purposes. If based
on the qualitative analysis it is more likely than not that an
impairment exists, the Company performs the quantitative impairment
test.
Useful Life of Broadcast/Transmission System.
Our satellite system includes the costs of our satellite
construction, launch vehicles, launch insurance, capitalized
interest, spare satellites, terrestrial repeater network and
satellite uplink facilities. We monitor our satellites for
impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate
that the carrying amount of the asset is not
recoverable.
We operate two in-orbit Sirius satellites, FM-5 and FM-6, which
launched in 2009 and 2013, respectively, and estimate they will
operate effectively through the end of their depreciable lives in
2024 and 2028, respectively.
We currently operate four in-orbit XM satellites, XM-3, XM-4, XM-5
and SXM-8. Our XM-3 satellite launched in 2005 and our XM-4
satellite launched in 2006 are used as in-orbit spares and reached
the end of their depreciable lives in 2020 and 2021, respectively.
Our XM-5 satellite was launched in 2010 and is expected to reach
the end of its depreciable life in 2025. SXM-7 was launched into a
geostationary orbit in December 2020 and in-orbit testing of SXM-7
began on January 4, 2021. During in-orbit testing of SXM-7 events
occurred which caused failures of certain SXM-7 payload units. The
evaluation of SXM-7 concluded that the satellite would not function
as intended and the asset was fully impaired in 2021. Our SXM-8
satellite was successfully launched into a geostationary orbit on
June 6, 2021 and was placed into service on September 8, 2021
following the completion of in-orbit testing. Our SXM-8 satellite
replaced our XM-3 satellite. We have entered into agreements for
the design and construction of four additional satellites, SXM-9,
SXM-10, SXM-11 and SXM-12. We have also entered into agreements to
launch two of these satellites.
Our satellites have been designed to last fifteen-years. Our
in-orbit satellites may experience component failures which could
adversely affect their useful lives. We monitor the operating
condition of our in-orbit satellites and if events or circumstances
indicate that the depreciable lives of our in-orbit satellites have
changed, we will modify the depreciable life accordingly. If we
were to revise our estimates, our depreciation expense would
change.
Income Taxes.
Deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences
related to temporary differences between the carrying amount of
assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the
amounts used for tax purposes, based on enacted tax laws and
statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the
differences are expected to affect taxable income.
We assess the recoverability of deferred tax assets at each
reporting date and, where applicable, a valuation allowance is
recognized when, based on the weight of all available evidence, it
is considered more likely than not that all, or some portion, of
the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Our assessment
includes an analysis of whether deferred tax assets will be
realized in the ordinary course of operations based on the
available positive and negative evidence, including the scheduling
of deferred tax liabilities and forecasted income from operations.
The underlying assumptions we use in forecasting future taxable
income require significant judgment. In the event that actual
income from operations differs from forecasted amounts, or if we
change our estimates of forecasted income from operations, we could
record additional charges or reduce allowances in order to adjust
the carrying value of deferred tax assets to their realizable
amount. Such adjustments could be material to our consolidated
financial statements.
As of December 31, 2022, we had a valuation allowance of $113
relating to deferred tax assets that are not more likely than not
to be realized due to the timing of certain state net operating
loss limitations and acquired net operating losses that were not
likely to be utilized.
ASC 740,
Income Taxes,
requires a company to first determine whether it is more likely
than not that a tax position will be sustained based on its
technical merits as of the reporting date, assuming that taxing
authorities will examine the position and have full knowledge of
all relevant information. A tax position that meets this more
likely than not threshold is then measured and recognized at the
largest amount of benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely
to be realized upon effective settlement with a taxing authority.
If the tax position is not more likely than not to be sustained,
the gross amount of the unrecognized tax
position will not be recorded in the financial statements but will
be shown in tabular format within the uncertain income tax
positions. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in
the period in which the change in judgment occurs due to the
following conditions: (1) the tax position is “more likely than
not” to be sustained, (2) the tax position, amount, and/or timing
is ultimately settled through negotiation or litigation, or (3) the
statute of limitations for the tax position has expired. A number
of years may elapse before an uncertain tax position is effectively
settled or until there is a lapse in the applicable statute of
limitations. We record interest and penalties related to uncertain
tax positions in Income tax expense in our consolidated statements
of comprehensive income. As of December 31, 2022, the gross
liability for income taxes associated with uncertain tax positions
was $198.
Glossary
Monthly active users
- the number of distinct registered users on the Pandora services,
including subscribers, which have consumed content within the
trailing 30 days to the end of the final calendar month of the
period. The number of monthly active users on the Pandora services
may overstate the number of unique individuals who actively use our
Pandora service, as one individual may use multiple accounts. To
become a registered user on the Pandora services, a person must
sign-up using an email address or access our service using a device
with a unique identifier, which we use to create an account for our
service.
Average self-pay monthly churn
- for satellite-enabled subscriptions, the Sirius XM monthly
average of self-pay deactivations for the period divided by the
average number of self-pay subscribers for the period.
Adjusted EBITDA
- EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense, income
tax expense and depreciation and amortization. Adjusted EBITDA is a
Non-GAAP financial measure that excludes or adjusts for the impact
of other expense (income), loss on extinguishment of debt,
impairment, restructuring and acquisition costs, other non-cash
charges such as share-based payment expense, and legal settlements
and reserves (if applicable). We believe adjusted EBITDA is a
useful measure of the underlying trend of our operating
performance, which provides useful information about our business
apart from the costs associated with our capital structure and
purchase price accounting. We believe investors find this Non-GAAP
financial measure useful when analyzing our past operating
performance with our current performance and comparing our
operating performance to the performance of other communications,
entertainment and media companies. We believe investors use
adjusted EBITDA to estimate our current enterprise value and to
make investment decisions. As a result of large capital investments
in our satellite radio system, our results of operations reflect
significant charges for depreciation expense. We believe the
exclusion of share-based payment expense is useful as it is not
directly related to the operational conditions of our business. We
also believe the exclusion of the legal settlements and reserves,
impairment, restructuring and acquisition related costs, and loss
on extinguishment of debt, to the extent they occur during the
period, is useful as they are significant expenses not incurred as
part of our normal operations for the period.
Adjusted EBITDA has certain limitations in that it does not take
into account the impact to our consolidated statements of
comprehensive income of certain expenses, including share-based
payment expense. We endeavor to compensate for the limitations of
the Non-GAAP measure presented by also providing the comparable
GAAP measure with equal or greater prominence and descriptions of
the reconciling items, including quantifying such items, to derive
the Non-GAAP measure. Investors that wish to compare and
evaluate our operating results after giving effect for these costs
should refer to net income as disclosed in our consolidated
statements of comprehensive income. Since adjusted EBITDA is a
Non-GAAP financial performance measure, our calculation of adjusted
EBITDA may be susceptible to varying calculations; may not be
comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies;
and should not be considered in isolation, as a substitute for, or
superior to measures of financial performance prepared in
accordance with GAAP. The reconciliation of net income to the
adjusted EBITDA is calculated as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Years Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
|
Net income: |
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,213 |
|
|
$ |
1,314 |
|
|
|
Add back items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Impairment, restructuring and acquisition costs |
|
|
|
|
64 |
|
|
20 |
|
|
|
Share-based payment expense
(1)
|
|
|
|
|
197 |
|
|
202 |
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
|
|
536 |
|
|
533 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense |
|
|
|
|
422 |
|
|
415 |
|
|
|
Loss on extinguishment of debt |
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
83 |
|
|
|
Other expense (income) |
|
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
(9) |
|
|
|
Income tax expense |
|
|
|
|
392 |
|
|
212 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjusted EBITDA |
|
|
|
|
$ |
2,833 |
|
|
$ |
2,770 |
|
|
|
(1)Allocation
of share-based payment expense:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Years Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
|
Programming and content |
|
|
|
|
$ |
34 |
|
|
$ |
33 |
|
|
|
Customer service and billing |
|
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
Transmission |
|
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
Sales and marketing |
|
|
|
|
52 |
|
|
58 |
|
|
|
Engineering, design and development |
|
|
|
|
39 |
|
|
36 |
|
|
|
General and administrative |
|
|
|
|
60 |
|
|
63 |
|
|
|
Total share-based payment expense |
|
|
|
|
$ |
197 |
|
|
$ |
202 |
|
|
|
Free cash flow
- is derived from cash flow provided by operating activities plus
insurance recoveries on our satellites, net of additions to
property and equipment and purchases of other investments. Free
cash flow is a metric that our management and board of directors
use to evaluate the cash generated by our operations, net of
capital expenditures and other investment activity. In a capital
intensive business, with significant investments in satellites, we
look at our operating cash flow, net of these investing cash
outflows, to determine cash available for future subscriber
acquisition and capital expenditures, to repurchase or retire debt,
to acquire other companies and to evaluate our ability to return
capital to stockholders. We exclude from free cash flow certain
items that do not relate to the on-going performance of our
business, such as cash flows related to acquisitions, strategic and
short-term investments, net loan activity with related parties and
other equity investees, and proceeds from the sale of real estate.
We believe free cash flow is an indicator of the long-term
financial stability of our business. Free cash flow,
which is reconciled to “Net cash provided by operating activities,”
is a Non-GAAP financial measure. This measure can be
calculated by deducting amounts under the captions “Additions to
property and equipment” and deducting or adding Restricted and
other investment activity from “Net cash provided by operating
activities” from the consolidated statements of cash flows. Free
cash flow should be used in conjunction with other GAAP financial
performance measures and may not be comparable to free cash flow
measures presented by other companies. Free cash flow
should be viewed as a supplemental measure rather than an
alternative measure of cash flows from operating activities, as
determined in accordance with GAAP. Free cash flow is
limited and does not represent remaining cash flows available for
discretionary expenditures due to the fact that the measure does
not deduct the payments required for debt maturities. We believe
free cash flow provides useful supplemental information to
investors regarding our current cash flow, along with other GAAP
measures (such as cash flows from operating and investing
activities), to determine our financial condition, and to compare
our operating performance to other communications, entertainment
and media companies. Free cash flow is calculated as
follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Years Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
|
Cash Flow information |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities |
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,976 |
|
|
$ |
1,998 |
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
|
|
|
(548) |
|
|
(200) |
|
|
|
Net cash used in financing activities |
|
|
|
|
(1,562) |
|
|
(1,682) |
|
|
|
Free Cash Flow |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities |
|
|
|
|
1,976 |
|
|
1,998 |
|
|
|
Additions to property and equipment |
|
|
|
|
(426) |
|
|
(388) |
|
|
|
Sale (purchases) of other investments |
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
(4) |
|
|
|
Satellite insurance recoveries |
|
|
|
|
— |
|
|
225 |
|
|
|
Free cash flow |
|
|
|
|
$ |
1,551 |
|
|
$ |
1,831 |
|
|
|
ARPU
-
Sirius XM ARPU is derived from total earned subscriber revenue
(excluding revenue associated with our connected vehicle services)
and advertising revenue, divided by
the number of months in the period, divided by the daily weighted
average number of subscribers for the period.
Subscriber acquisition cost, per installation
- or SAC, per installation, is derived from subscriber acquisition
costs less margins from the sale of radios and accessories
(excluding connected vehicle services), divided by the number of
satellite radio installations in new vehicles and shipments of
aftermarket radios for the period. SAC, per installation, is
calculated as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Years Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2022 |
|
2021 |
|
|
Subscriber acquisition costs, excluding connected vehicle
services |
|
|
|
|
$ |
352 |
|
|
$ |
325 |
|
|
|
Less: margin from sales of radios and accessories, excluding
connected vehicle services |
|
|
|
|
(176) |
|
|
(183) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
176 |
|
|
$ |
142 |
|
|
|
Installations (in thousands) |
|
|
|
|
12,270 |
|
|
11,174 |
|
|
|
SAC, per installation
(a)
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
14.32 |
|
|
$ |
12.58 |
|
|
|
(a)Amounts
may not recalculate due to rounding.
Ad supported listener hours
- is based on the total bytes served over our Pandora advertising
supported platforms for each track that is requested and served
from our Pandora servers, as measured by our internal analytics
systems, whether
or not a listener listens to the entire track. For non-music
content such as podcasts, episodes are divided into approximately
track-length parts, which are treated as tracks. To the extent that
third-party measurements of advertising hours are not calculated
using a similar server-based approach, the third-party measurements
may differ from our measurements.
RPM
-
is calculated by dividing advertising revenue, excluding AdsWizz
and other off-platform revenue, by the number of thousands of
listener hours on our Pandora advertising-based
service.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK
As of December 31, 2022, we did not hold or issue any
derivatives. We hold investments in money market funds
and certificates of deposit. These securities are
consistent with the objectives contained within our investment
policy. The basic objectives of our investment policy
are the preservation of capital, maintaining sufficient liquidity
to meet operating requirements and maximizing yield.
As of December 31, 2022, we also held the following
investment:
In connection with the recapitalization of Sirius XM Canada on May
25, 2017, we loaned Sirius XM Canada $130.8 million. The loan
is considered a long-term investment with any unrealized gains or
losses reported within Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)
income. The loan has a term of fifteen years, bears interest
at a rate of 7.62% per annum and includes customary
covenants and events of default, including an event of default
relating to Sirius XM Canada’s failure to maintain specified
leverage ratios. The carrying value of the loan as
of December 31, 2022 was $8.0 million and
approximated its fair value. The loan is denominated in Canadian
dollars and it is subject to changes in foreign currency. Had the
Canadian to U.S. dollar exchange rate been 10% lower as
of December 31, 2022, the value of this loan would have
been approximately $0.8 million lower.
Our debt includes fixed rate instruments and the fair market value
of our debt is sensitive to changes in interest rates. Sirius XM's
borrowings under the Credit Facility carry a variable interest
rate, which is currently based on LIBOR (except for the Incremental
Term Loan which carries a variable interest rate based on SOFR),
plus an applicable rate based on its debt to operating cash flow
ratio. We currently do not use interest rate derivative
instruments to manage our exposure to interest rate
fluctuations.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
See the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and financial
statements and financial statement schedule contained in Part IV,
Item 15, herein, which are incorporated herein by
reference.
ITEM 9. CHANGES
IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS
AND PROCEDURES
Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to
ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports
under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and
reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and
Exchange Commission's rules and forms, and that such information is
accumulated and communicated to our management, including our
principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as
appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required
disclosures. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well
designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of
achieving the desired control objectives. An evaluation was
performed under the supervision and with the participation of our
management, including Jennifer C. Witz, our Chief Executive
Officer, and Sean S. Sullivan, our Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and
operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as that term
is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act)
as of December 31, 2022. Based on that evaluation, our
management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief
Financial Officer, concluded that our disclosure controls and
procedures were effective as of December 31, 2022 at the
reasonable assurance level.
There has been no change in our internal control over financial
reporting (as that term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)
under the Exchange Act) during the year ended December 31,
2022 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to
materially affect, our internal control over financial
reporting.
Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial
Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining
adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in
Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. We have
performed an evaluation under the supervision and with the
participation of our management, including our Chief Executive
Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of
our internal control over financial reporting. Our management used
the Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013)
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission to perform this evaluation. Based
on that evaluation, our management, including our Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that our internal
control over financial reporting was effective as of
December 31, 2022.
KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, which
has audited and reported on the consolidated financial statements
contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has issued its report
on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial
reporting.
Audit Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting
Firm
The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting
as of December 31, 2022 has been audited by KPMG LLP, an
independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their
audit report appearing on page F-4 of this Annual Report on Form
10-K.
ITEM 9B. OTHER
INFORMATION
None.
ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE
REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT
INSPECTIONS
None.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS,
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Information about our executive officers is contained in the
discussion entitled “Information About Our Executive Officers” in
Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The additional information required by this Item 10 is
incorporated in this report by reference to the applicable
information in our definitive proxy statement for the 2023 annual
meeting of stockholders set forth under the captions
Stock Ownership,
Governance of the Company, Item 1. Election of
Directors
and
Item 2. Ratification of Independent Registered Public
Accountants,
which we expect to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission
prior to May 1, 2023.
Code of Ethics
We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to all employees,
including executive officers, and to directors. The Code
of Ethics is available on the Corporate Governance page of our
website at
www.siriusxm.com. If
we ever were to amend or waive any provision of our Code of Ethics
that applies to our principal executive officer, principal
financial officer, principal accounting officer or any person
performing similar functions, we intend to satisfy our disclosure
obligations with respect to any such waiver or amendment by posting
such information on our internet website set forth above rather
than filing a Form 8-K.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE
COMPENSATION
The information required by this Item 11 is incorporated in
this report by reference to the applicable information in our
definitive proxy statement for the 2023 annual meeting of
stockholders set forth under the captions
Item 1. Election of Directors
and
Executive Compensation,
which we expect to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission
prior to May 1, 2023.
ITEM 12. SECURITY
OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Certain information required by this Item 12 is set forth
under the heading “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in
Part II, Item 5, of this Annual Report on Form
10-K.
The additional information required by this Item 12 is
incorporated in this report by reference to the applicable
information in our definitive proxy statement for the 2023 annual
meeting of stockholders set forth under the caption
Stock Ownership,
which we expect to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission
prior to May 1, 2023.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN
RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR
INDEPENDENCE
The information required by this Item 13 is incorporated in
this report by reference to the applicable information in our
definitive proxy statement for the 2023 annual meeting of
stockholders set forth under the captions
Governance of the Company
and
Item 1. Election of Directors,
which we expect to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission
prior to May 1, 2023.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL
ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
Our independent registered public accounting firm is KPMG LLP, New
York, NY, Auditor ID: 185.
The information required by this Item 14 is incorporated in
this report by reference to the applicable information in our
definitive proxy statement for the 2023 annual meeting of
stockholders set forth under the caption
Item 2. Ratification of Independent Registered Public
Accountants
-
Principal Accountant Fees and Services,
which we expect to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission
prior to May 1, 2023.
PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBIT AND
FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Documents filed as part of this report:
(1) Financial Statements. See Index to Consolidated
Financial Statements appearing on page F-1.
(2) Financial Statement Schedules. See Index to
Consolidated Financial Statements appearing on
page F-1.
(3) Exhibits. See Exhibit Index, which is incorporated
herein by reference.
ITEM 16. FORM
10-K SUMMARY
None.
EXHIBIT INDEX
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Exhibit |
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Description |
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2.1 |
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2.2 |
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2.3 |
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3.1 |
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3.2 |
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4.1 |
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4.2 |
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4.3 |
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4.4 |
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4.5 |
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4.6 |
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4.7 |
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4.8 |
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4.9 |
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4.10 |
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4.11 |
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4.12 |
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Exhibit |
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Description |
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10.1 |
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10.2 |
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Amendment No. 1, dated as of April 22, 2014, to the Credit
Agreement, dated as of December 5, 2012, among Sirius XM Radio
Inc., the Lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as
administrative agent for the Lenders, as collateral agent for the
Secured Parties and as an Issuing Bank (incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.1 to Sirius XM Holdings Inc.’s Current Report on Form
8-K filed on April 22, 2014 (File No. 001-34295)).
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10.3 |
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Amendment No. 2, dated as of June 16, 2015, to the Credit
Agreement, dated as of December 5, 2012, among Sirius XM Radio
Inc., JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the
other agents and lenders parties thereto (incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.1 to Sirius XM Holdings Inc.’s Current Report on Form
8-K filed on June 19, 2015 (File No. 001-34295)).
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10.4 |
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Amendment No. 3, dated as of June 29, 2018, to the Credit
Agreement, dated as of December 5, 2012, among Sirius XM Radio
Inc., JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the
other agents and lenders parties thereto (incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.1 to Sirius XM Holdings Inc.’s Current Report on Form
8-K filed on July 3, 2018 (File No. 001-34295)).
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10.5 |
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Amendment No. 5, dated as of August 31, 2021, to the Credit
Agreement, dated as of December 5, 2012, among Sirius XM Radio
Inc., JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the
other agents and lenders parties thereto (incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.1 to Sirius XM Holdings Inc.’s Current Report on Form
8-K filed on September 1, 2021 (File No.
001-34295)).
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10.6 |
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Amendment No. 6, dated as of April 11, 2022, to the Credit
Agreement, dated as of December 5, 2012, among Sirius XM Radio
Inc., JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the
other agents and lenders parties thereto (incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.1 to Sirius XM Holdings Inc.’s Current Report on Form
8-K filed on April 11. 2022 (File No. 001-34295)
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**10.7 |
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*10.8 |
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*10.9 |
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*10.10 |
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*10.11 |
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*10.12 |
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*10.13 |
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*10.14 |
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*10.15 |
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*10.16 |
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*10.17 |
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Exhibit |
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Description |
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*10.18 |
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*10.19 |
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*10.20 |
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*10.21 |
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*10.22 |
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*10.23 |
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*10.24 |
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*10.25 |
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*10.26 |
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*10.27 |
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*10.28 |
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*10.29 |
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*10.30 |
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*10.31 |
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*10.32 |
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*10.33 |
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*10.34 |
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Exhibit |
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Description |
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*10.35 |
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*10.36 |
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*10.37 |
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*10.38 |
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*10.39 |
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*10.40 |
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*10.41 |
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*10.42 |
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*10.43 |
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*10.44 |
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10.45 |
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10.46 |
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21.1 |
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23.1 |
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31.1 |
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31.2 |
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32.1 |
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32.2 |
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99.1 |
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Exhibit |
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Description |
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99.2 |
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101.1 |
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The following financial information from our Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 formatted
in Inline eXtensible Business Reporting Language (Inline XBRL):
(i) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the
years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020; (ii)
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021;
(iii) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ (Deficit)
Equity for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020;
(iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended
December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020; and (v) Combined Notes
to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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104.1 |
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Cover Page Interactive Data File (Embedded within the Inline XBRL
document and included in Exhibit 101.1) |
_________________
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* |
This document has been identified as a management contract or
compensatory plan or arrangement. |
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** |
Pursuant to the Commission’s Orders Granting Confidential Treatment
under Rule 406 of the Securities Act of 1933 or Rule 24(b)-2 under
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, certain confidential portions
of this Exhibit were omitted by means of redacting a portion of the
text. |
The agreements and other documents filed as exhibits to this report
are not intended to provide factual information or other disclosure
other than with respect to the terms of the agreements or other
documents themselves, and you should not rely on them for any other
purpose. In particular, any representations and warranties made by
us in these agreements or other documents were made solely within
the specific context of the relevant agreement or document and may
not describe the actual state of affairs for any other purpose as
of the date they were made or at any other time.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused
this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
thereunto duly authorized on this 2nd day of February
2023.
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SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. |
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By: |
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/s/ Sean S. Sullivan |
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Sean S. Sullivan |
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Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
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(Principal Financial Officer and Authorized Officer) |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on
behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates
indicated.
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Signature |
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Title |
Date |
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/s/ GREGORY
B. MAFFEI
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Chairman of the Board of Directors and Director |
February 2, 2023 |
(Gregory B. Maffei)
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/s/ JAMES
E. MEYER
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Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors and Director |
February 2, 2023 |
(James E. Meyer) |
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/s/ JENNIFER
C.
WITZ
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Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive
Officer) |
February 2, 2023 |
(Jennifer C. Witz) |
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/s/ SEAN
S. SULLIVAN
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Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer) |
February 2, 2023 |
(Sean S. Sullivan) |
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/s/ THOMAS
D. BARRY
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Senior Vice President and Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer) |
February 2, 2023 |
(Thomas D. Barry)
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/s/ DAVID
A. BLAU
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Director |
February 2, 2023 |
(David A. Blau)
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/s/ EDDY
W. HARTENSTEIN
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Director |
February 2, 2023 |
(Eddy W. Hartenstein) |
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/s/ ROBIN
S. P. HICKENLOOPER
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Director |
February 2, 2023 |
(Robin S. P. Hickenlooper) |
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/s/ JAMES
P. HOLDEN
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Director |
February 2, 2023 |
(James P. Holden)
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/s/ EVAN
D. MALONE
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Director |
February 2, 2023 |
(Evan D. Malone) |
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/s/ JONELLE
PROCOPE
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Director |
February 2, 2023 |
(Jonelle Procope) |
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/s/ MICHAEL
RAPINO
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Director |
February 2, 2023 |
(Michael Rapino) |
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/s/ KRISTINA
M. SALEN
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Director |
February 2, 2023 |
(Kristina M. Salen) |
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/s/ CARL
E. VOGEL
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Director |
February 2, 2023 |
(Carl E. Vogel) |
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/s/ DAVID
M. ZASLAV
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Director |
February 2, 2023 |
(David M. Zaslav) |
|
SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting
Firm
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
Sirius XM Holdings Inc.:
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of
Sirius XM Holdings Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of
December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of
comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash
flows for each of the years in the three‑year period ended December
31, 2022, and the related notes and financial statement schedule
II
(collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our
opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in
all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of
December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and
its cash flows for each of the years in the three‑year period ended
December 31, 2022, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted
accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB),
the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in
Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013)
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission, and our report dated February 2, 2023 expressed an
unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal
control over financial reporting.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of
the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our
audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB
and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in
accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable
rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and
the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the
PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated
financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due
to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to
assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated
financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing
procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included
examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and
disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits
also included evaluating the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the
overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We
believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our
opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising
from the current period audit of the consolidated financial
statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to
the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or
disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial
statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective,
or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters
does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial
statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the
critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the
critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which
they relate.
Sufficiency of audit evidence over certain subscriber and
advertising revenues
As discussed in Notes 2 and 18 to the consolidated
financial statements, and disclosed in the consolidated statements
of comprehensive income, the Company generated $9,003 million of
revenues, of which $6,370 million was Sirius XM subscriber revenue
and $1,576 million was Pandora (Pandora Media, LLC and
subsidiaries, the successor to Pandora Media, Inc. and
subsidiaries) advertising revenue, for the year ended December 31,
2022. The Company’s accounting for these subscriber and advertising
revenues involved multiple information technology (IT)
systems.
We identified the evaluation of the sufficiency of audit evidence
related to Sirius XM subscriber revenue and Pandora advertising
revenue as a critical audit matter. Evaluating the sufficiency of
audit evidence obtained required auditor judgment due to the number
of IT applications used by the Company that involved IT
professionals with specialized skills and knowledge.
The following are the primary procedures we performed to address
this critical audit matter. We applied auditor judgment to
determine the nature and extent of procedures to be performed over
subscriber and advertising revenues. We evaluated the design and
tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls
related to the Sirius XM subscriber and Pandora advertising revenue
recognition processes. We involved IT professionals with
specialized skills and knowledge, who assisted in testing certain
IT application controls and general IT controls used by the Company
in its revenue recognition processes and testing the interface of
relevant revenue data between different IT systems used in the
revenue
recognition processes. For Sirius XM subscriber revenue, we
assessed the recorded revenue by comparing the total cash received
during the year, adjusted for reconciling items, to the revenue
recorded in the general ledger. For a sample of Pandora advertising
revenues, we traced the recorded amounts to underlying source
documents and system reports. We evaluated the sufficiency of audit
evidence obtained by assessing the results of procedures performed,
including the appropriateness of the nature and extent of such
evidence.
Fair values of the Pandora and Off-Platform reporting unit and the
Pandora trademark
As discussed in Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements,
the Company’s goodwill balance for the Pandora and Off-Platform
reporting unit was $959 million as of December 31, 2022.
Additionally, as discussed in Note 9 to the consolidated financial
statements, the trademarks balance due to acquisitions recorded to
the Pandora and Off-Platform reporting unit was $312 million as of
December 31, 2022, a portion of which related to the Pandora
trademark. The Company performs goodwill and indefinite-lived
assets impairment testing on an annual basis during the fourth
quarter of each fiscal year, and whenever events and changes in
circumstances indicate that the carrying value of a reporting unit
or a trademark more likely than not exceeds its fair
value.
We identified the assessment of the fair values of the Pandora and
Off-Platform reporting unit and the Pandora trademark as a critical
audit matter. A high degree of subjective auditor judgment was
required to evaluate certain assumptions used by the Company to
estimate these fair values. Specifically, the revenue growth rates,
long-term growth rate, and the discount rates involved a higher
degree of subjectivity. In addition, these key assumptions were
challenging to test due to the sensitivity of the fair value to
changes in these assumptions.
The following are the primary procedures we performed to address
this critical audit matter. We evaluated the design and tested the
operating effectiveness of certain internal controls related to the
Company’s goodwill and trademark impairment assessment process,
including controls related to the key assumptions noted above. We
performed sensitivity analyses to assess the impact of possible
changes to the revenue growth rates, long-term growth rate and
discount rates assumptions on the fair value of the Pandora and
Off-Platform reporting unit and Pandora trademark. We compared the
Company’s historical revenue forecasts to actual results to assess
the Company’s ability to accurately forecast revenues. We compared
the Company’s forecasted revenue growth rate assumptions to
historical revenue growth rates, to projected revenue growth rates
for comparable companies, and to other publicly available data,
including third party market studies. In addition, we involved
valuation professionals with specialized skills and knowledge, who
assisted in:
•evaluating
the Company’s long-term growth rate by comparing it to long-term
growth rate estimates that were independently developed using
publicly available market data for the Company’s industry as well
as U.S. economic growth rates
•evaluating
the Company’s discount rates by comparing them to discount rates
that were independently developed using publicly available market
data for comparable companies.
/s/ KPMG LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2008.
New York, New York
February 2, 2023
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting
Firm
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
Sirius XM Holdings Inc.:
Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have audited Sirius XM Holdings Inc. and subsidiaries' (the
Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December
31, 2022, based on criteria established in
Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013)
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material
respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in
Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013)
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB),
the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31,
2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of comprehensive
income, stockholders' equity (deficit), and cash flows for each of
the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2022, and the
related notes and financial statement schedule II (collectively,
the consolidated financial statements), and our report dated
February 2, 2023 expressed an unqualified opinion on those
consolidated financial statements.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective
internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of
the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting,
included in the accompanying
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial
Reporting.
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s
internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We
are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are
required to be independent with respect to the Company in
accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable
rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and
the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the
PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal
control over financial reporting was maintained in all material
respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting
included obtaining an understanding of internal control over
financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness
exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating
effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our
audit also included performing such other procedures as we
considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our
audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial
Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process
designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability
of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements
for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial
reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain
to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail,
accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of
the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that
transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of
financial statements in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the
company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of
management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized
acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could
have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over
financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also,
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods
are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because
of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the
policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ KPMG LLP
New York, New York
February 2, 2023
SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
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For the Years Ended December 31, |
(in millions, except per share data) |
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2022 |
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2021 |
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2020 |
Revenue: |
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Subscriber revenue |
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$ |
6,892 |
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$ |
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