Form 10-Q - Quarterly report [Sections 13 or 15(d)]

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

________________________________________________________________________________________

FORM 10-Q

________________________________________________________________________________________

(Mark One)


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _______ to _______

Commission file number: 001-37580

________________________________________________________________________________________

Alphabet Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

________________________________________________________________________________________


Delaware			61-1767919
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)			(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

1600 Amphitheatre Parkway

Mountain View, CA 94043

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(650) 253-0000

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock, $0.001 par value	GOOGL	Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
		(Nasdaq Global Select Market)
Class C Capital Stock, $0.001 par value	GOOG	Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
		(Nasdaq Global Select Market)

________________________________________________________________________________________

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of April 17, 2025, there were 5,820 million shares of Alphabet’s Class A stock outstanding, 856 million shares of Alphabet's Class B stock outstanding, and 5,459 million shares of Alphabet's Class C stock outstanding.


Table of Contents			Alphabet Inc.

Alphabet Inc.

Form 10-Q

For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2025

TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page No.
Note About Forward-Looking Statements		3

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1	Financial Statements	5
	Consolidated Balance Sheets - December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025	5
	Consolidated Statements of Income - Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2025	6
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2025	7
	Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity - Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2025	8
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2025	9
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	10
Item 2	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	32
Item 3	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	46
Item 4	Controls and Procedures	46

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1	Legal Proceedings	47
Item 1A	Risk Factors	47
Item 2	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	47
Item 5	Other Information	47
Item 6	Exhibits	48
Signatures		49


Table of Contents			Alphabet Inc.

Note About Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These include, among other things, statements regarding:

•the growth of our business and revenues and our expectations about the factors that influence our success and trends in our business;

•fluctuations in our revenues and margins and various factors contributing to such fluctuations;

•our expectation that the continuing shift to an online world as the digital economy evolves will continue to benefit our business;

•our expectation that the revenues that we derive beyond advertising will continue to increase and may affect our margins;

•our expectation that our traffic acquisition costs (TAC) and the associated TAC rate will fluctuate, which could affect our overall margins;

•our expectation that our monetization trends will fluctuate, which could affect our revenues and margins;

•fluctuations in paid clicks and cost-per-click as well as impressions and cost-per-impression, and various factors contributing to such fluctuations;

•our expectation that we will continue to periodically review, refine, and update our methodologies for monitoring, gathering, and counting the number of paid clicks and impressions, and for identifying the revenues generated by the corresponding click and impression activity;

•our expectation that our results will be affected by our performance in international markets as users in developing economies increasingly come online;

•our expectation that our foreign exchange risk management program will not fully offset our net exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates;

•the expected variability of gains and losses related to hedging activities under our foreign exchange risk management program;

•the amount and timing of revenue recognition from customer contracts with commitments for performance obligations, including our estimate of the remaining amount of commitments and when we expect to recognize revenue;

•our expectation that our capital expenditures will increase, including our expected spend and the expected increase in our technical infrastructure investment to support the growth of our business and our long-term initiatives, in particular in support of artificial intelligence (AI) products and services;

•our plans to continue to invest in new businesses, products, services and technologies, and systems, as well as to continue to invest in acquisitions and strategic investments;

•our pace of hiring and our plans to provide competitive compensation programs;

•our expectation that our cost of revenues, research and development (R&D) expenses, sales and marketing expenses, and general and administrative expenses may increase in amount and/or may increase as a percentage of revenues and may be affected by a number of factors;

•estimates of our future employee compensation expenses;

•our expectation that our other income (expense), net (OI&E), will fluctuate in the future, as it is largely driven by market dynamics;

•our expectation that our effective tax rate and cash tax payments could increase in future years;

•seasonal fluctuations in internet usage, advertising expenditures, and underlying business trends such as traditional retail seasonality, which are likely to cause fluctuations in our quarterly results;

•the sufficiency of our sources of funding;

•our potential exposure in connection with new and pending investigations, proceedings, and other contingencies, including the possibility that certain legal proceedings to which we are a party could harm our business, financial condition, and operating results;


Table of Contents			Alphabet Inc.

•our expectation that we will continue to face heightened regulatory scrutiny, and changes in regulatory conditions, laws, and public policies, which could affect our business practices and financial results;

•the expected timing, amount, and effect of Alphabet Inc.'s share repurchases and dividends;

•our long-term sustainability goals;

•our expectations regarding the timing and successful closing and integration of the Wiz, Inc. ("Wiz") acquisition, including the realization of anticipated benefits; and

•ongoing developments surrounding international trade and the related impact on the macroeconomic environment and our business;

as well as other statements regarding our future operations, financial condition and prospects, and business strategies. Forward-looking statements may appear throughout this report and other documents we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), including without limitation, the following sections: Part I, Item 2, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024. Forward-looking statements generally can be identified by words such as "anticipates," "believes," "could," "estimates," "expects," "intends," "may," "plans," "predicts," "projects," "will be," "will continue," "will likely result," and similar expressions. These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties, which could cause our actual results to differ materially from those reflected in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q; the risks discussed in Part I, Item 1A, "Risk Factors" and the trends discussed in Part II, Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024; and those discussed in other documents we file with the SEC. We undertake no obligation to revise or publicly release the results of any revision to these forward-looking statements, except as required by law. Given these risks and uncertainties, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements.

As used herein, "Alphabet," "the company," "we," "us," "our," and similar terms include Alphabet Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless the context indicates otherwise.

"Alphabet," "Google," and other trademarks of ours appearing in this report are our property. We do not intend our use or display of other companies' trade names or trademarks to imply an endorsement or sponsorship of us by such companies, or any relationship with any of these companies.


Table of Contents			Alphabet Inc.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Alphabet Inc.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in millions, except par value per share amounts)


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
			(unaudited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	23,466	$	23,264
Marketable securities	72,191		72,064
Total cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities	95,657		95,328
Accounts receivable, net	52,340		51,000
Other current assets	15,714		15,724
Total current assets	163,711		162,052
Non-marketable securities	37,982		51,029
Deferred income taxes	17,180		18,386
Property and equipment, net	171,036		185,062
Operating lease assets	13,588		13,722
Goodwill	31,885		32,173
Other non-current assets	14,874		12,950
Total assets	$	450,256	$	475,374
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	7,987	$	8,497

Accrued compensation and benefits	15,069		9,984
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	51,228		58,300
Accrued revenue share	9,802		9,965
Deferred revenue	5,036		4,908
Total current liabilities	89,122		91,654
Long-term debt	10,883		10,886
Income taxes payable, non-current	8,782		9,773
Operating lease liabilities	11,691		11,678
Other long-term liabilities	4,694		6,116
Total liabilities	125,172		130,107
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 10)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share, 100 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding	0		0
Class A, Class B, and Class C stock and additional paid-in capital, $0.001 par value per share: 300,000 shares authorized (Class A 180,000, Class B 60,000, Class C 60,000); 12,211 (Class A 5,835, Class B 861, Class C 5,515) and 12,155 (Class A 5,825, Class B 856, Class C 5,474) shares issued and outstanding	84,800		86,725
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(4,800)		(4,086)
Retained earnings	245,084		262,628
Total stockholders’ equity	325,084		345,267
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	450,256	$	475,374

See accompanying notes.


Table of Contents			Alphabet Inc.

Alphabet Inc.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(in millions, except per share amounts; unaudited)


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Revenues	$	80,539	$	90,234
Costs and expenses:
Cost of revenues	33,712		36,361
Research and development	11,903		13,556
Sales and marketing	6,426		6,172
General and administrative	3,026		3,539
Total costs and expenses	55,067		59,628
Income from operations	25,472		30,606
Other income (expense), net	2,843		11,183
Income before income taxes	28,315		41,789
Provision for income taxes	4,653		7,249
Net income	$	23,662	$	34,540




Basic net income per share (Note 12)	$	1.91	$	2.84









Diluted net income per share (Note 12)	$	1.89	$	2.81

See accompanying notes.


Table of Contents			Alphabet Inc.

Alphabet Inc.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(in millions; unaudited)


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Net income	$	23,662	$	34,540
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment, net of income tax benefit (expense) of $(18) and $45	(503)		663
Available-for-sale investments:
Change in net unrealized gains (losses)	(360)		645
Less: reclassification adjustment for net (gains) losses included in net income	311		(84)
Net change, net of income tax benefit (expense) of $14 and $(159)	(49)		561
Cash flow hedges:
Change in net unrealized gains (losses)	186		(313)
Less: reclassification adjustment for net (gains) losses included in net income	(71)		(197)
Net change, net of income tax benefit (expense) of $(23) and $131	115		(510)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(437)		714
Comprehensive income	$	23,225	$	35,254

See accompanying notes.


Table of Contents			Alphabet Inc.

Alphabet Inc.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in millions; unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
	Class A, Class B, Class C Stock and Additional Paid-In Capital			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Retained Earnings		Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Amount
Balance as of December 31, 2023	12,460	$	76,534	$	(4,402)	$	211,247	$	283,379
Stock issued	32	0		0		0		0
Stock-based compensation	0	5,293		0		0		5,293
Tax withholding related to vesting of restricted stock units and other	0	(2,996)		0		0		(2,996)
Repurchases of stock	(111)	(918)		0		(15,139)		(16,057)
Net income	0	0		0		23,662		23,662
Other comprehensive income (loss)	0	0		(437)		0		(437)
Balance as of March 31, 2024	12,381	$	77,913	$	(4,839)	$	219,770	$	292,844


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
	Class A, Class B, Class C Stock and Additional Paid-In Capital			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Retained Earnings		Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Amount
Balance as of December 31, 2024	12,211	$	84,800	$	(4,800)	$	245,084	$	325,084
Stock issued	27	0		0		0		0
Stock-based compensation	0	5,553		0		0		5,553
Tax withholding related to vesting of restricted stock units and other	0	(3,240)		0		0		(3,240)
Repurchases of stock	(83)	(815)		0		(14,486)		(15,301)
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared ($0.20 per share)	0	27		0		(2,510)		(2,483)
Sale of interest in consolidated entities	0	400		0		0		400
Net income	0	0		0		34,540		34,540
Other comprehensive income (loss)	0	0		714		0		714
Balance as of March 31, 2025	12,155	$	86,725	$	(4,086)	$	262,628	$	345,267

See accompanying notes.


Table of Contents			Alphabet Inc.

Alphabet Inc.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in millions; unaudited)


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Operating activities
Net income	$	23,662	$	34,540
Adjustments:
Depreciation of property and equipment	3,413		4,487
Stock-based compensation expense	5,264		5,516
Deferred income taxes	419		(1,152)
Loss (gain) on debt and equity securities, net	(1,781)		(9,960)
Other	334		481
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:
Accounts receivable, net	3,167		1,638
Income taxes, net	3,011		7,197
Other assets	(1,000)		(1,288)
Accounts payable	(2,124)		(880)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	(5,054)		(5,045)
Accrued revenue share	(322)		116
Deferred revenue	(141)		500
Net cash provided by operating activities	28,848		36,150
Investing activities
Purchases of property and equipment	(12,012)		(17,197)
Purchases of marketable securities	(20,684)		(18,453)
Maturities and sales of marketable securities	24,985		20,345
Purchases of non-marketable securities	(1,206)		(958)
Maturities and sales of non-marketable securities	313		259
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired, and purchases of intangible assets	(61)		(340)
Other investing activities	101		150
Net cash used in investing activities	(8,564)		(16,194)
Financing activities
Net payments related to stock-based award activities	(2,929)		(3,110)
Repurchases of stock	(15,696)		(15,068)
Dividend payments	0		(2,434)
Proceeds from issuance of debt, net of costs	1,982		4,532
Repayments of debt	(3,079)		(4,521)
Proceeds from sale of interest in consolidated entities, net	8		400
Net cash used in financing activities	(19,714)		(20,201)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(125)		43
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	445		(202)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	24,048		23,466
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	24,493	$	23,264

See accompanying notes.


Table of Contents			Alphabet Inc.

Alphabet Inc.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Nature of Operations

Google was incorporated in California in September 1998 and re-incorporated in the State of Delaware in August 2003. In 2015, we implemented a holding company reorganization, and as a result, Alphabet Inc. ("Alphabet") became the successor issuer to Google.

Basis of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements of Alphabet include the accounts of Alphabet and entities consolidated under the variable interest and voting models. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Unaudited Interim Financial Information

These unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP), and in our opinion, include all adjustments of a normal recurring nature necessary for fair financial statement presentation. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2025. We have made estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.

These consolidated financial statements and other information presented in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 filed with the SEC.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-09 "Income Taxes (Topics 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures" to expand the disclosure requirements for income taxes. Upon adoption we will be required to disclose additional specified categories in the rate reconciliation in both percentage and dollar amounts. We will also be required to disclose the amount of income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction, among other disclosure requirements. The standard is effective for our 2025 annual period and can be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. We are currently assessing the effect that the updated standard will have on our financial statement disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03 "Income Statement: Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40)" to improve the disclosures about an entity’s expenses. Upon adoption, we will be required to disclose in the notes to the financial statements a disaggregation of certain expense categories included within the expense captions on the face of the income statement. The standard is effective for our 2027 annual period, and our interim periods beginning in 2028, with early adoption permitted. The standard can be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. We are currently assessing adoption timing and the effect that the updated standard will have on our financial statement disclosures.

Prior Period Reclassifications

Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform with current period presentation.


Table of Contents			Alphabet Inc.

Note 2. Revenues

Disaggregated Revenues

The following table presents revenues disaggregated by type (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Google Search & other	$	46,156	$	50,702
YouTube ads	8,090		8,927
Google Network	7,413		7,256
Google advertising	61,659		66,885
Google subscriptions, platforms, and devices	8,739		10,379
Google Services total	70,398		77,264
Google Cloud	9,574		12,260
Other Bets	495		450
Hedging gains (losses)	72		260
Total revenues	$	80,539	$	90,234

The following table presents revenues disaggregated by geography, based on the addresses of our customers (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024				2025
United States	$	38,737	48	%	$	43,964	49	%
EMEA(1)	23,788		30		25,923		29
APAC(1)	13,289		16		14,854		16
Other Americas(1)	4,653		6		5,233		6
Hedging gains (losses)	72		0		260		0
Total revenues	$	80,539	100	%	$	90,234	100	%

(1) Regions represent Europe, the Middle East, and Africa (EMEA); Asia-Pacific (APAC); and Canada and Latin America ("Other Americas").

Revenue Backlog

As of March 31, 2025, we had $92.4 billion of remaining performance obligations (“revenue backlog”), primarily related to Google Cloud. Revenue backlog represents commitments in customer contracts for future services that have not yet been recognized as revenue. We expect to recognize approximately 55% of the revenue backlog as revenues over the next 24 months with the remainder to be recognized thereafter. The estimated revenue backlog and timing of revenue recognition for these commitments is largely driven by our ability to deliver in accordance with relevant contract terms and when our customers utilize services. Revenue backlog includes related deferred revenue currently recorded as well as amounts that will be invoiced in future periods, and excludes contracts with an original expected term of one year or less and cancellable contracts.

Deferred Revenues

We record deferred revenues when cash payments are received or due in advance of our performance, including amounts which are refundable. Deferred revenues primarily relate to Google Cloud and Google subscriptions, platforms, and devices. Total deferred revenue as of December 31, 2024 was $6.0 billion, of which $2.6 billion was recognized as revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2025. Total deferred revenue as of March 31, 2025 was $6.6 billion.

Note 3. Financial Instruments

Fair Value Measurements

Investments Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Cash, cash equivalents, and marketable equity securities are measured at fair value and classified within


Table of Contents			Alphabet Inc.

Level 1 and Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy, because we use quoted prices for identical assets in active markets or inputs that are based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets.

Debt securities are measured at fair value and classified within Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy, because we use quoted market prices to the extent available or alternative pricing sources and models utilizing market observable inputs to determine fair value. For certain marketable debt securities, we have elected the fair value option for which changes in fair value are recorded in OI&E. The fair value option was elected for these securities to align with the unrealized gains and losses from related derivative contracts.

The following tables summarize our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in millions):


		As of December 31, 2024
	Fair Value Hierarchy	Adjusted Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Cash and Cash Equivalents		Marketable Securities
Fair value changes recorded in other comprehensive income
Time deposits	Level 2	$	2,217	$	0	$	0	$	2,217	$	2,081	$	136
Government bonds	Level 2	27,551		83		(214)		27,420		50		27,370
Corporate debt securities	Level 2	18,300		79		(222)		18,157		0		18,157
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities	Level 2	14,437		63		(385)		14,115		0		14,115
Total investments with fair value change reflected in other comprehensive income(1)		62,505		225		(821)		61,909		2,131		59,778
Fair value adjustments recorded in net income
Money market funds	Level 1							8,154		8,154		0
Current marketable equity securities(2)	Level 1							4,708		0		4,708
Mutual funds	Level 2							105		0		105
Government bonds	Level 2							2,035		696		1,339
Corporate debt securities	Level 2							3,037		78		2,959
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities	Level 2							3,302		0		3,302
Total investments with fair value change recorded in net income								21,341		8,928		12,413
Cash								0		12,407		0
Total		$	62,505	$	225	$	(821)	$	83,250	$	23,466	$	72,191

(1)Represents gross unrealized gains and losses for debt securities recorded to accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI).

(2)The long-term portion of marketable equity securities (subject to long-term lock-up restrictions) of $266 million as of December 31, 2024 is included within other non-current assets.


Table of Contents			Alphabet Inc.


		As of March 31, 2025
	Fair Value Hierarchy	Adjusted Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Cash and Cash Equivalents		Marketable Securities
Fair value changes recorded in other comprehensive income
Time deposits	Level 2	$	2,618	$	0	$	0	$	2,618	$	2,618	$	0
Government bonds	Level 2	28,459		329		(64)		28,724		1,403		27,321
Corporate debt securities	Level 2	18,133		138		(131)		18,140		0		18,140
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities	Level 2	14,072		103		(241)		13,934		0		13,934
Total investments with fair value change reflected in other comprehensive income(1)		63,282		570		(436)		63,416		4,021		59,395
Fair value adjustments recorded in net income
Money market funds	Level 1							8,662		8,662		0
Current marketable equity securities(2)	Level 1							4,744		0		4,744
Mutual funds	Level 2							54		0		54
Government bonds	Level 2							1,975		576		1,399
Corporate debt securities	Level 2							2,993		60		2,933
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities	Level 2							3,539		0		3,539
Total investments with fair value change recorded in net income								21,967		9,298		12,669
Cash								0		9,945		0
Total		$	63,282	$	570	$	(436)	$	85,383	$	23,264	$	72,064

(1)Represents gross unrealized gains and losses for debt securities recorded to AOCI.

(2)The long-term portion of marketable equity securities (subject to long-term lock-up restrictions) of $376 million as of March 31, 2025 is included within other non-current assets.

Investments Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

Our non-marketable equity securities are investments in privately held companies without readily determinable market values. The carrying value of our non-marketable equity securities is adjusted to fair value upon observable transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer or impairment. Non-marketable equity securities that have been remeasured during the period based on observable transactions are classified within Level 2 or Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Non-marketable equity securities that have been remeasured due to impairment are classified within Level 3. Our valuation methods include option pricing models, market comparable approach, and common stock equivalent method, which may include a combination of the observable transaction price at the transaction date and other unobservable inputs including volatility, expected time to exit, risk free rate, and the rights, and obligations of the securities we hold. These inputs vary significantly based on investment type.

As of March 31, 2025, the carrying value of our non-marketable equity securities was $48.6 billion, of which $25.0 billion were remeasured at fair value during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and were primarily classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy at the time of measurement.


Table of Contents			Alphabet Inc.

Debt Securities

The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of investments in available-for-sale marketable debt securities by effective contractual maturity dates (in millions):


	As of March 31, 2025
Due in 1 year or less	$	5,151
Due in 1 year through 5 years	37,361
Due in 5 years through 10 years	11,803
Due after 10 years	12,951
Total	$	67,266

The following tables present fair values and gross unrealized losses recorded to AOCI, aggregated by investment category and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024
	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Greater				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
Government bonds	$	11,119	$	(126)	$	2,576	$	(88)	$	13,695	$	(214)
Corporate debt securities	4,228		(17)		6,838		(168)		11,066		(185)
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities	5,222		(106)		3,813		(279)		9,035		(385)
Total	$	20,569	$	(249)	$	13,227	$	(535)	$	33,796	$	(784)


	As of March 31, 2025
	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Greater				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
Government bonds	$	3,361	$	(28)	$	1,486	$	(36)	$	4,847	$	(64)
Corporate debt securities	2,158		(1)		5,301		(106)		7,459		(107)
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities	3,155		(46)		3,123		(195)		6,278		(241)
Total	$	8,674	$	(75)	$	9,910	$	(337)	$	18,584	$	(412)

We determine realized gains or losses on the sale or extinguishment of debt securities on a specific identification method. The following table summarizes gains and losses for debt securities, reflected as a component of OI&E (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Unrealized gain (loss) on fair value option debt securities	$	(46)	$	97
Gross realized gain on debt securities	68		266
Gross realized loss on debt securities	(480)		(175)
(Increase) decrease in allowance for credit losses	(4)		14
Total gain (loss) on debt securities recognized in other income (expense), net	$	(462)	$	202


Table of Contents			Alphabet Inc.

Equity Investments

The carrying value of equity securities is measured as the total initial cost plus the cumulative net gain (loss). Gains and losses, including impairments, are included as a component of OI&E in the Consolidated Statements of Income. See Note 7 for further details on OI&E. Certain of our non-marketable equity securities include our investments in variable interest entities (VIE) where we are not the primary beneficiary. See Note 5 for further details on VIE.

The carrying values for marketable and non-marketable equity securities are summarized below (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024						As of March 31, 2025
	Marketable Equity Securities		Non-Marketable Equity Securities		Total		Marketable Equity Securities		Non-Marketable Equity Securities		Total
Total initial cost	$	4,767	$	21,240	$	26,007	$	4,640	$	24,926	$	29,566
Cumulative net gain (loss)(1)	312		14,291		14,603		534		23,703		24,237
Carrying value	$	5,079	$	35,531	$	40,610	$	5,174	$	48,629	$	53,803

(1)Non-marketable equity securities cumulative net gain (loss) is comprised of $22.7 billion and $32.3 billion of gains and $8.4 billion and $8.6 billion of losses (including impairments) as of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, respectively.

Gains and Losses on Marketable and Non-marketable Equity Securities

Gains and losses (including impairments), net, for marketable and non-marketable equity securities included in OI&E are summarized below (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Realized net gain (loss) on equity securities sold during the period	$	95	$	215
Unrealized net gain (loss) on marketable equity securities	164		227
Unrealized net gain (loss) on non-marketable equity securities(1)	1,984		9,316
Total gain (loss) on equity securities in other income (expense), net	$	2,243	$	9,758

(1)Unrealized gain (loss) on non-marketable equity securities accounted for under the measurement alternative is comprised of $2.8 billion and $9.7 billion of upward adjustments and $814 million and $399 million of downward adjustments (including impairments) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2025, respectively.

In the table above, realized net gain (loss) on equity securities sold during the period reflects the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying value of the equity securities at the beginning of the period or the purchase date, if later.

Cumulative net gains (losses) on equity securities sold during the period, which is summarized in the following table (in millions), represents the total net gains (losses) recognized after the initial purchase date of the equity security sold during the period. While these net gains (losses) may have been reflected in periods prior to the period of sale, we believe they are important supplemental information as they reflect the economic net gains (losses) on the securities sold during the period. Cumulative net gains (losses) are calculated as the difference between the sale price and the initial purchase price for the equity security sold during the period.


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
	2024		2025
Total sale price	$	1,090	$	753
Total initial cost	661		592
Cumulative net gains (losses)	$	429	$	161

Equity Securities Accounted for Under the Equity Method

As of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, equity securities accounted for under the equity method had a carrying value of approximately $2.0 billion in each period. Our share of gains and losses, including impairments, are included as a component of OI&E, in the Consolidated Statements of Income. See Note 7 for further details on OI&E. Certain of our equity method securities include our investments in VIEs where we are not the primary beneficiary. See Note 5 for further details on VIEs.


Table of Contents			Alphabet Inc.

Convertible Notes

As of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, we had investments in convertible notes of $2.9 billion and $423 million, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we converted $3.0 billion of our convertible notes into equity securities, which included gains from conversion of $416 million. These gains were recognized in OI&E within the Consolidated Statement of Income. See Note 7 for further details on OI&E.

Derivative Financial Instruments

We use derivative instruments to manage risks relating to our ongoing business operations. The primary risk managed is foreign exchange risk. We use foreign currency contracts to reduce the risk that our cash flows, earnings, and investment in foreign subsidiaries will be adversely affected by foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. We also enter into derivative instruments to partially offset our exposure to other risks and enhance investment returns.

We recognize derivative instruments in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value and classify the derivatives primarily within Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. We present our collar contracts (an option strategy comprised of a combination of purchased and written options) at net fair values and present all other derivatives at gross fair values. The accounting treatment for derivatives is based on the intended use and hedge designation.

Cash Flow Hedges

We designate foreign currency forward and option contracts (including collars) as cash flow hedges to hedge certain forecasted revenue transactions denominated in currencies other than the United States (U.S.) dollar. These contracts have maturities of 24 months or less.

Cash flow hedge amounts included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness are deferred in AOCI and subsequently reclassified to revenue when the hedged item is recognized in earnings. We exclude forward points and time value from our assessment of hedge effectiveness and amortize them on a straight-line basis over the life of the hedging instrument in revenues. The difference between fair value changes of the excluded component and the amount amortized to revenues is recorded in AOCI.

As of March 31, 2025, the net accumulated gain on our foreign currency cash flow hedges before tax effect was $151 million, which is expected to be reclassified from AOCI into revenues within the next 12 months.

Fair Value Hedges

We designate foreign currency forward contracts as fair value hedges to hedge foreign currency risks for our marketable securities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Fair value hedge amounts included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness are recognized in OI&E, along with the offsetting gains and losses of the related hedged items. We exclude forward points from the assessment of hedge effectiveness and recognize changes in the excluded component in OI&E.

Net Investment Hedges

We designate foreign currency forward contracts as net investment hedges to hedge the foreign currency risks related to our investment in foreign subsidiaries. Net investment hedge amounts included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness are recognized in AOCI along with the foreign currency translation adjustment. We exclude forward points from the assessment of hedge effectiveness and recognize changes in the excluded component in OI&E.

Other Derivatives

We enter into foreign currency forward and option contracts that are not designated as hedging instruments to hedge intercompany transactions and other monetary assets or liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of a subsidiary. Gains and losses on these derivatives that are not designated as accounting hedges are primarily recorded in OI&E along with the foreign currency gains and losses on monetary assets and liabilities.

We also use derivatives not designated as hedging instruments to manage risks relating to interest rates, commodity prices, and credit exposures, and to enhance investment returns. From time to time, we enter into derivatives to hedge the market price risk on certain of our marketable equity securities. Gains and losses arising from other derivatives are primarily reflected within the “other” component of OI&E. See Note 7 for further details.

The gross notional amounts of outstanding derivative instruments were as follows (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts
Cash flow hedges	$	20,315	$	20,624
Fair value hedges	$	1,562	$	0
Net investment hedges	$	6,986	$	6,695
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts	$	44,227	$	40,612
Other contracts	$	15,082	$	12,549

The fair values of outstanding derivative instruments were as follows (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024				As of March 31, 2025
	Assets(1)		Liabilities(2)		Assets(1)		Liabilities(2)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts	$	1,054	$	0	$	236	$	370

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts	200		593		320		110
Other contracts	474		19		142		9
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments	674		612		462		119
Total	$	1,728	$	612	$	698	$	489

(1) Derivative assets are recorded as other current and non-current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(2) Derivative liabilities are recorded as accrued expenses and other liabilities, current and non-current in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The gains (losses) on derivatives in cash flow hedging and net investment hedging relationships recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI) are summarized below (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationship:
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount included in the assessment of effectiveness	$	155	$	(339)
Amount excluded from the assessment of effectiveness	58		(61)

Derivatives in net investment hedging relationship:
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount included in the assessment of effectiveness	82		(206)
Total	$	295	$	(606)

The table below presents the gains (losses) of derivatives included in the Consolidated Statements of Income: (in millions):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024				2025
	Revenues		Other income (expense), net		Revenues		Other income (expense), net
Total amounts included in the Consolidated Statements of Income	$	80,539	$	2,843	$	90,234	$	11,183

Effect of cash flow hedges:
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount reclassified from AOCI to income	$	74	$	0	$	242	$	0
Amount excluded from the assessment of effectiveness (amortized)	(2)		0		18		0
Effect of fair value hedges:
Foreign exchange contracts
Hedged items	0		(16)		0		(9)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	0		15		0		9
Amount excluded from the assessment of effectiveness	0		3		0		1
Effect of net investment hedges:
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount excluded from the assessment of effectiveness	0		36		0		31
Effect of non designated hedges:
Foreign exchange contracts	0		21		0		65
Other contracts	0		76		0		(71)
Total gains (losses)	$	72	$	135	$	260	$	26

Offsetting of Derivatives

We enter into master netting arrangements and collateral security arrangements to reduce credit risk. Cash collateral received related to derivative instruments under our collateral security arrangements are included in other current assets with a corresponding liability. Cash and non-cash collateral pledged related to derivative instruments under our collateral security arrangements are included in other current assets.

The gross amounts of derivative instruments subject to master netting arrangements with various counterparties, and cash and non-cash collateral received and pledged under such agreements were as follows (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024
							Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, but Have Legal Rights to Offset
	Gross Amounts Recognized		Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Net Amounts Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Financial Instruments(1)		Cash and Non-Cash Collateral Received or Pledged		Net Amounts
Derivatives assets	$	1,776	$	(48)	$	1,728	$	(516)	$	(721)	$	491
Derivatives liabilities	$	660	$	(48)	$	612	$	(516)	$	(9)	$	87


	As of March 31, 2025
							Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, but Have Legal Rights to Offset
	Gross Amounts Recognized		Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Net Amounts Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Financial Instruments(1)		Cash and Non-Cash Collateral Received or Pledged		Net Amounts
Derivatives assets	$	798	$	(100)	$	698	$	(301)	$	(242)	$	155
Derivatives liabilities	$	589	$	(100)	$	489	$	(301)	$	(3)	$	185

(1)The balances as of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025 were related to derivatives allowed to be net settled in accordance with our master netting agreements.

Note 4. Leases

We have entered into operating and finance lease agreements primarily for data centers, land, and offices throughout the world with varying lease terms.

Components of lease costs were as follows (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Operating lease cost	$	804	$	790
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of lease assets	83		96
Interest on lease liabilities	7		15
Finance lease cost	90		111
Variable lease cost	343		360
Total lease cost	$	1,237	$	1,261

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Weighted average remaining lease term
Operating leases	7.8 years		7.9 years
Finance leases	10.4 years		10.2 years
Weighted average discount rate
Operating leases	3.4	%	3.5	%
Finance leases	2.8	%	3.3	%


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Operating leases:
Operating lease assets	$	13,588	$	13,722
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	$	2,887	$	2,873
Operating lease liabilities	11,691		11,678
Total operating lease liabilities	$	14,578	$	14,551
Finance Leases:
Property and equipment, at cost	$	4,622	$	5,219
Accumulated depreciation	(2,037)		(2,125)
Property and equipment, net	$	2,585	$	3,094
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	$	235	$	100
Other long-term liabilities	1,442		1,961
Total finance lease liabilities	$	1,677	$	2,061

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Cash payments for lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows used for operating leases	$	842	$	878
Operating cash flows used for finance leases	$	7	$	15
Financing cash flows used for finance leases(1)	$	90	$	192
Assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities:
Operating leases	$	404	$	697
Finance leases	$	19	$	523

(1)Financing cash flows used for financing leases are included within financing activities of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as repayments of debt.

Future lease payments as of March 31, 2025 were as follows (in millions):


	Operating Leases		Finance Leases
Remainder of 2025	$	2,377	$	224
2026	2,947		268
2027	2,425		270
2028	1,938		258
2029	1,536		232
Thereafter	5,741		1,254
Total future lease payments	16,964		2,506
Less imputed interest	(2,413)		(445)
Total lease liability balance	$	14,551	$	2,061

As of March 31, 2025, we have entered into leases primarily related to data centers that have not yet commenced with future lease payments of $17.3 billion, that are not yet recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. These leases will commence between 2025 and 2031 with non-cancelable lease terms between one and 25 years.

Note 5. Variable Interest Entities

Consolidated VIEs

We consolidate VIEs in which we hold a variable interest and are the primary beneficiary. The results of operations and financial position of these VIEs are included in our consolidated financial statements.

For certain consolidated VIEs, their assets are not available to us, and their creditors do not have recourse to us. As of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, assets that can only be used to settle obligations of these VIEs were $8.7 billion and $7.8 billion, respectively, and are primarily included in cash and cash equivalents on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, liabilities for which creditors only have recourse to the VIEs were $2.3 billion and $2.0 billion, respectively. We may continue to fund ongoing operations of certain VIEs that are included within Other Bets.

As of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, total noncontrolling interests (NCI) in our consolidated subsidiaries were $4.2 billion and $4.4 billion, respectively, of which $1.1 billion was redeemable noncontrolling interests (RNCI) in each period. NCI and RNCI are included within additional paid-in capital. Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests was not material for any period presented and is included within the "other" component of OI&E. See Note 7 for further details on OI&E.

Unconsolidated VIEs

We have investments in VIEs in which we are not the primary beneficiary. These VIEs include private companies that are primarily early stage companies and certain renewable energy entities in which activities involve power generation using renewable sources.

We have determined that the governance structures of these entities do not allow us to direct the activities that would significantly affect their economic performance. Therefore, we are not the primary beneficiary, and the results of operations and financial position of these VIEs are not included in our consolidated financial statements. We account for these investments primarily as non-marketable equity securities or equity method investments, which are included within non-marketable securities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The maximum exposure of these unconsolidated VIEs is generally based on the current carrying value of the investments and any future funding commitments. As of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, our future funding commitments related to unconsolidated VIE investments were $1.5 billion in each period.

Note 6. Debt

Short-Term Debt

We have a short-term debt financing program of up to $10.0 billion through the issuance of commercial paper. Net proceeds from this program are used for general corporate purposes. We had $2.3 billion and $2.5 billion of commercial paper outstanding as of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, respectively, with a weighted-average effective interest rate of 4.4% in each period. The estimated fair value of the commercial paper approximated its carrying value as of March 31, 2025.

Our short-term debt balance also includes the current portion of certain long-term debt.

Long-Term Debt

Total outstanding long-term debt is summarized below (in millions, except percentages):


	Maturity	Coupon Rate	Effective Interest Rate	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Debt
2016 Notes issuance	2026	2.00%	2.23%	$	2,000	$	2,000
2020 Notes issuance	2025 - 2060	0.45% - 2.25%	0.57% - 2.33%	10,000		10,000
Total face value of long-term debt				12,000		12,000
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs				(118)		(114)
Less: Current portion of long-term notes(1)				(999)		(1,000)
Total long-term debt				$	10,883	$	10,886

(1)Total current portion of long-term debt is included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities. See Note 7 for further details.

The notes in the table above are fixed-rate senior unsecured obligations and rank equally with each other. We may redeem the notes at any time in whole or in part at specified redemption prices. The effective interest rates are based on proceeds received with interest payable semi-annually.

The total estimated fair value of the outstanding notes was approximately $9.0 billion and $9.1 billion as of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, respectively. The fair value was determined based on observable market prices of identical instruments in less active markets and is categorized accordingly as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

Credit Facility

As of March 31, 2025, we had $10.0 billion of revolving credit facilities, of which $4.0 billion expires in April 2025 and $6.0 billion expires in April 2028. In April 2025, we entered into a new $4.0 billion revolving credit facility expiring in April 2026. Additionally, in April 2025 we terminated the $6.0 billion revolving credit facility expiring in April 2028 and entered into a new $6.0 billion revolving credit facility expiring in April 2030. The interest rates for all credit facilities are determined based on a formula using certain market rates. No amounts were outstanding under the credit facilities as of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025.

Note 7. Supplemental Financial Statement Information

Accounts Receivable

The allowance for credit losses on accounts receivable was $879 million and $915 million as of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, respectively.

Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment, net, consisted of the following (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Technical infrastructure(1)	$	139,596	$	150,992
Office space	43,714		44,871
Corporate and other assets	16,519		17,336
Property and equipment, in service	199,829		213,199
Less: accumulated depreciation	(79,390)		(83,778)
Add: assets not yet in service	50,597		55,641
Property and equipment, net	$	171,036	$	185,062

(1) As of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, approximately 60% of technical infrastructure assets were comprised of servers and network equipment. The remaining balance was comprised of data center land and buildings and related assets.

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Accrued purchases of property and equipment(1)	$	7,104	$	7,552
European Commission fines(2)	6,322		6,534
Accrued customer liabilities	4,304		4,163
Payables to brokers for unsettled investment trades	3,866		4,889
Income taxes payable, net	2,905		9,160
Other accrued expenses and current liabilities	26,727		26,002
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	51,228	$	58,300

(1) Additional property and equipment purchases of $3.2 billion and $3.8 billion as of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, respectively, were included in accounts payable.

(2) The amounts related to the European Commission (EC) fines, including any under appeal, are included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amounts include the effects of foreign exchange and interest. See Note 10 for further details.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Components of AOCI, net of income tax, were as follows (in millions):


	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Investments		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Cash Flow Hedges		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2023	$	(3,407)	$	(965)	$	(30)	$	(4,402)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(503)		(360)		128		(735)
Amounts excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness recorded in AOCI	0		0		58		58
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	0		311		(71)		240
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(503)		(49)		115		(437)
Balance as of March 31, 2024	$	(3,910)	$	(1,014)	$	85	$	(4,839)


	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Investments		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Cash Flow Hedges		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2024	$	(5,080)	$	(299)	$	579	$	(4,800)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	663		645		(252)		1,056
Amounts excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness recorded in AOCI	0		0		(61)		(61)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	0		(84)		(197)		(281)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	663		561		(510)		714
Balance as of March 31, 2025	$	(4,417)	$	262	$	69	$	(4,086)

The effects on net income of amounts reclassified from AOCI were as follows (in millions):


		Three Months Ended
		March 31,
AOCI Components	Location	2024		2025
Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale investments
	Other income (expense), net	$	(399)	$	104
	Benefit (provision) for income taxes	88		(20)
	Net of income tax	(311)		84
Unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges
Foreign exchange contracts	Revenue	74		242
Interest rate contracts	Other income (expense), net	1		0
	Benefit (provision) for income taxes	(4)		(45)
	Net of income tax	71		197
Total amount reclassified, net of income tax		$	(240)	$	281

Other Income (Expense), Net

Components of OI&E were as follows (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Interest income	$	1,061	$	1,001
Interest expense(1)	(94)		(34)
Foreign currency exchange gain (loss), net	(238)		(106)
Gain (loss) on debt securities, net	(462)		202
Gain (loss) on equity securities, net	2,243		9,758
Performance fees	104		(40)
Income (loss) and impairment from equity method investments, net	(26)		(22)
Other	255		424
Other income (expense), net	$	2,843	$	11,183

(1)Interest expense is net of interest capitalized of $43 million and $79 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2025, respectively.

Note 8. Acquisitions

Pending Acquisition

In March 2025, we entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Wiz, a leading cloud security platform, for $32.0 billion, subject to closing adjustments, in an all-cash transaction. The acquisition of Wiz is expected to close in 2026, subject to customary closing conditions, including the receipt of regulatory approvals. Upon the close of the acquisition, Wiz will be part of the Google Cloud segment.

Note 9. Goodwill

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were as follows (in millions):


	Google Services		Google Cloud		Other Bets		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2024	$	23,521	$	7,490	$	874	$	31,885
Additions	289		0		0		289
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments	(2)		0		1		(1)
Balance as of March 31, 2025	$	23,808	$	7,490	$	875	$	32,173

Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments

We have content licensing agreements with future fixed or minimum guaranteed commitments of $8.6 billion as of March 31, 2025, of which the majority is paid quarterly through the first quarter of 2030.

Indemnifications

In the normal course of business, including to facilitate transactions in our services and products and corporate activities, we indemnify certain parties, including advertisers, Google Network partners, distribution partners, customers of Google Cloud offerings, lessors, and service providers with respect to certain matters. We have agreed to defend and/or indemnify certain parties against losses arising from a breach of representations or covenants, or out of intellectual property infringement or other claims made against certain parties. Several of these agreements limit the time within which an indemnification claim can be made and the amount of the claim. In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with our officers and directors, and our bylaws contain similar indemnification obligations to our agents.

It is not possible to make a reasonable estimate of the maximum potential amount under these indemnification agreements due to the unique facts and circumstances involved in each particular agreement. Additionally, the payments we have made under such agreements have not had a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows, or financial position. However, to the extent that valid indemnification claims arise in the future, future payments by us could be significant and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or cash flows in a particular period.

As of March 31, 2025, we did not have any material indemnification claims that were probable or reasonably possible.

Legal Matters

We record a liability when we believe that it is probable that a loss has been incurred, and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If we determine that a loss is reasonably possible and the loss or range of loss can be estimated, we disclose the reasonably possible loss. We evaluate developments in our legal matters that could affect the amount of liability that has been previously accrued, and the matters and related reasonably possible losses disclosed, and make adjustments as appropriate.

Certain outstanding matters seek speculative, substantial or indeterminate monetary amounts, substantial changes to our business practices and products, or structural remedies. Significant judgment is required to determine both the likelihood of there being a loss and the estimated amount of a loss related to such matters, and we may be unable to estimate the reasonably possible loss or range of losses. The outcomes of outstanding legal matters are inherently unpredictable and subject to significant uncertainties, and could, either individually or in aggregate, have a material adverse effect.

We expense legal fees in the period in which they are incurred.

Antitrust Matters

We are subject to formal and informal inquiries and investigations as well as litigation on various competition matters by regulatory authorities and private parties in the U.S., Europe, and other jurisdictions globally, including the following:

•Shopping: In June 2017, the EC announced its decision that certain actions taken by Google relating to its display and ranking of shopping search results and ads infringed European antitrust laws and imposed a €2.4 billion fine. In 2024, we made a cash payment of $3.0 billion for the fine.

•Android: In July 2018, the EC announced its decision that certain provisions in Google’s Android-related distribution agreements infringed European antitrust laws, imposed a €4.3 billion fine, and directed the termination of the conduct at issue. We appealed the EC decision and implemented changes to certain of our Android distribution practices. In September 2022, the General Court affirmed the EC decision but reduced the fine from €4.3 billion to €4.1 billion. We subsequently appealed the General Court's affirmation of the EC decision with the European Court of Justice, which remains pending. In 2018, we recognized a charge of $5.1 billion for the fine, which we reduced by $217 million in 2022.

•AdSense for Search: In March 2019, the EC announced its decision that certain provisions in Google's agreements with AdSense for Search partners infringed European antitrust laws, imposed a fine of €1.5 billion, and directed actions related to AdSense for Search partners' agreements, which we implemented

prior to the decision. In 2019, we recognized a charge of $1.7 billion for the fine and appealed the EC decision. In September 2024, the General Court overturned the EC decision and annulled the €1.5 billion fine. The EC has appealed the General Court's decision with the European Court of Justice.

•Search: In October 2020, the DOJ and a number of state Attorneys General filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia alleging that Google violated U.S. antitrust laws relating to Search and Search advertising. In August 2024, the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia ruled that Google violated such U.S. antitrust laws. A separate proceeding is being held to determine remedies, the range of which vary widely. The DOJ has proposed a high level remedy framework, which includes alterations to our products and services and our business models and operations, including structural remedies, and/or our distribution arrangements, among other changes, some of which could have a material adverse effect on our business. We have filed our own remedies proposal ahead of a hearing on remedies in April 2025. We expect a decision likely in the second half of 2025, after which we intend to appeal.

Further, in June 2022, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission and in October 2023, the Japanese Fair Trade Commission (JFTC) each opened an investigation into Search distribution practices. In April 2025, the JFTC issued a cease-and-desist order requiring us to make changes to our Android agreements to ensure they are consistent with Japanese antitrust law. The JFTC did not impose monetary penalties. We are constructively engaging with JFTC regarding compliance with the order.

Given the nature of these matters, we cannot estimate a possible loss.

•Advertising Technology: In December 2020, a number of state Attorneys General filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas alleging that Google violated U.S. antitrust laws as well as state deceptive trade laws relating to its advertising technology, and a trial is scheduled for August 2025. Additionally, in January 2023, the DOJ, along with a number of state Attorneys General, filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia alleging that Google violated U.S. antitrust laws relating to its advertising technology, and a number of additional state Attorneys General subsequently joined the lawsuit. In April 2025, the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia issued a mixed decision in the DOJ case against Google, ruling that the DOJ failed to show that Google’s advertiser tools or acquisitions of DoubleClick and AdMeld were anticompetitive, but that Google’s publisher tools violated antitrust laws by excluding rivals. We plan to appeal the adverse portion of this decision.

Further, in June 2023, the EC issued a Statement of Objections informing Google of its preliminary view that Google violated European antitrust laws relating to its advertising technology, to which we responded. In September 2024, the UK also issued a Statement of Objections on similar grounds, to which we responded.

Given the nature of these matters, we cannot estimate a possible loss.

•Google Play: In July 2021, a number of state Attorneys General filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California alleging that Google’s operation of Android and Google Play violated U.S. antitrust laws and state antitrust and consumer protection laws. In September 2023, we reached a settlement in principle with 50 state Attorneys General and three territories and recognized a charge. Final approval of the settlement remains pending before the court. In May 2024, we funded the settlement amount to an escrow agent.

In December 2023, a California jury delivered a verdict in Epic Games v. Google finding that Google violated U.S. antitrust laws related to Google Play's business. Epic did not seek monetary damages. The presiding judge issued a remedies decision in October 2024, ordering a variety of alterations to our business models and operations and contractual agreements for Android and Google Play. We are appealing the verdict and the trial court judge temporarily paused the implementation of the remedies while the Court of Appeals considers our request to pause implementation of the remedies pending the duration of the appeal. Given the nature of this matter, we cannot estimate a possible loss.

•European Digital Markets Act: In March 2024, the EC opened two investigations regarding Google's compliance with certain provisions of EU's Digital Markets Act relating to Google Play and Search. In March 2025, the EC issued preliminary findings of non-compliance in both investigations, to which we plan to respond in the coming weeks. Given the preliminary stages of this matter, we cannot estimate a possible loss.

In addition to these antitrust proceedings, private individual and collective actions that overlap with claims pursued by regulatory authorities are pending in the U.S. and in several other jurisdictions, including across Europe. Given the nature of these matters, we cannot estimate a possible loss.

We believe we have strong arguments against these open claims and will defend ourselves vigorously. We continue to cooperate with federal and state regulators in the U.S., the EC, and other regulators around the world.

Privacy Matters

We are subject to a number of privacy-related laws and regulations, and we currently are party to a number of privacy investigations and lawsuits ongoing in multiple jurisdictions. For example, there are ongoing investigations and litigation in the U.S. and the EU, including those relating to our collection and use of location information, alleged violations of state biometric statutes, the choices we offer users, and advertising practices, which could result in significant fines, judgments, and product changes.

Patent and Intellectual Property Claims

We have had patent, copyright, trade secret, and trademark infringement lawsuits filed against us claiming that certain of our products, services, and technologies infringe others' intellectual property rights. Adverse results in these lawsuits may include awards of substantial monetary damages, costly royalty or licensing agreements, or orders preventing us from offering certain features, functionalities, products, or services. As a result, we may have to change our business practices and develop non-infringing products or technologies, which could result in a loss of revenues for us and otherwise harm our business. In addition, the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) has increasingly become an important forum to litigate intellectual property disputes because an ultimate loss in an ITC action can result in a prohibition on importing infringing products into the U.S. Because the U.S. is an important market, a prohibition on importation could have an adverse effect on us, including preventing us from importing many important products into the U.S. or necessitating workarounds that may limit certain features of our products.

Further, our customers and partners may discontinue the use of our products, services, and technologies, as a result of injunctions or otherwise, which could result in loss of revenues and adversely affect our business.

Other

We are subject to claims, lawsuits, regulatory and government inquiries and investigations, other proceedings, and consent orders involving competition, intellectual property, data privacy and security, tax and related compliance, labor and employment, commercial disputes, content generated by our users, goods and services offered by advertisers or publishers using our platforms, personal injury, consumer protection, and other matters. For example, we periodically have data incidents that we report to relevant regulators as required by law. Such claims, consent orders, lawsuits, regulatory and government investigations, and other proceedings could result in substantial fines and penalties, injunctive relief, ongoing monitoring and auditing obligations, changes to our products and services, alterations to our business models and operations, and collateral related civil litigation or other adverse consequences, all of which could harm our business, reputation, financial condition, and operating results.

We have ongoing legal matters relating to Russia. For example, some matters concern civil judgments that include compounding penalties imposed upon us in connection with disputes regarding the termination of accounts, including those of sanctioned parties. We do not expect these ongoing legal matters will have a material adverse effect.

Non-Income Taxes

We are under audit by various domestic and foreign tax authorities with regards to non-income tax matters. The subject matter of non-income tax audits primarily arises from disputes on the tax treatment and tax rate applied to the sale of our products and services in these jurisdictions and the tax treatment of certain employee benefits. We accrue non-income taxes that may result from examinations by, or any negotiated agreements with, these tax authorities when a loss is probable and reasonably estimable. If we determine that a loss is reasonably possible and the loss or range of loss can be estimated, we disclose the reasonably possible loss. Due to the inherent complexity and uncertainty of these matters and judicial process in certain jurisdictions, the final outcome may be materially different from our expectations.

See Note 14 for information regarding income tax contingencies.

Note 11. Stockholders' Equity

Share Repurchases

In the three months ended March 31, 2025, we continued to repurchase both Class A and Class C shares in a manner deemed in the best interest of the company and its stockholders, taking into account the economic cost and prevailing market conditions, including the relative trading prices and volumes of the Class A and Class C shares. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we repurchased $15.3 billion of Alphabet's Class A and Class C shares.

In April 2024, the Board of Directors of Alphabet authorized the company to repurchase up to $70.0 billion of its Class A and Class C shares. As of March 31, 2025, $29.5 billion remained available for Class A and Class C share repurchases. In April 2025, the Board of Directors of Alphabet authorized the company to repurchase up to an additional $70.0 billion of Class A and Class C shares.

The following table presents Class A and Class C shares repurchased and subsequently retired (in millions):


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
	Shares	Amount
Class A share repurchases	15	$	2,766
Class C share repurchases	68	12,535
Total share repurchases(1)	83	$	15,301

(1) Shares repurchased include unsettled repurchases.

Repurchases are executed from time to time, subject to general business and market conditions and other investment opportunities, through open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions, including through Rule 10b5-1 plans. The repurchase program does not have an expiration date.

Dividends

In the three months ended March 31, 2025, total cash dividends were $1.2 billion, $171 million, and $1.1 billion for Class A, Class B, and Class C shares, respectively.

In April 2025, the Board of Directors of Alphabet declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.21 representing a 5% increase from the previous quarterly dividend of $0.20. The dividend is payable on June 16, 2025 to stockholders of record for each of the company’s Class A, Class B, and Class C shares as of June 9, 2025.

The company intends to pay quarterly cash dividends in the future, subject to review and approval by the company’s Board of Directors in its sole discretion.

Note 12. Net Income Per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share of Class A, Class B, and Class C stock (in millions, except per share amounts):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024								2025
	Class A		Class B		Class C		Consolidated		Class A		Class B		Class C		Consolidated
Basic net income per share:
Numerator
Allocation of distributed earnings (cash dividends paid)	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	1,167	$	171	$	1,096	$	2,434
Allocation of undistributed earnings	11,213		1,656		10,793		23,662		15,367		2,264		14,475		32,106
Net income	$	11,213	$	1,656	$	10,793	$	23,662	$	16,534	$	2,435	$	15,571	$	34,540
Denominator
Number of shares used in per share computation	5,883		869		5,663		12,415		5,831		859		5,493		12,183
Basic net income per share	$	1.91	$	1.91	$	1.91	$	1.91	$	2.84	$	2.83	$	2.83	$	2.84
Diluted net income per share:
Numerator
Allocation of total earnings for basic computation	$	11,213	$	1,656	$	10,793	$	23,662	$	16,534	$	2,435	$	15,571	$	34,540
Reallocation of total earnings as a result of conversion of Class B to Class A shares	1,656		0		0		_(1)		2,435		0		0		_(1)
Reallocation of undistributed earnings	(115)		(15)		115		_(1)		(156)		(20)		156		_(1)
Net income	$	12,754	$	1,641	$	10,908	$	23,662	$	18,813	$	2,415	$	15,727	34,540
Denominator
Number of shares used in basic computation	5,883		869		5,663		12,415		5,831		859		5,493		12,183
Weighted-average effect of dilutive securities
Add:
Conversion of Class B to Class A shares outstanding	869		0		0		_(1)		859		0		0		_(1)
Restricted stock units and other contingently issuable shares	0		0		112		112		0		0		108		108
Number of shares used in per share computation	6,752		869		5,775		12,527		6,690		859		5,601		12,291
Diluted net income per share	$	1.89	$	1.89	$	1.89	$	1.89	$	2.81	$	2.81	$	2.81	$	2.81

(1)Not applicable for consolidated net income per share.

For the periods presented above, the holders of each class are entitled to equal per share dividends or distributions in liquidation in accordance with the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Alphabet Inc. Holders of Alphabet unvested stock units are awarded dividend equivalents, which are subject to the same vesting conditions as the underlying award, and settled in Class C shares.

Immaterial differences in net income per share across our Class A, Class B, and Class C shares may arise due to the allocation of distributed earnings, which is based on the holders as of the record date, compared with the allocation of undistributed earnings and number of shares, which is based on the weighted average shares outstanding over the periods.

Note 13. Compensation Plans

Stock-Based Compensation

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2025, total stock-based compensation (SBC) expense was $5.3 billion and $5.5 billion, including amounts associated with awards we expect to settle in Alphabet stock of $5.1 billion and $5.3 billion, respectively.

Stock-Based Award Activities

The following table summarizes the activities for unvested Alphabet restricted stock units (RSUs), which include dividend equivalents awarded to holders of unvested stock, for the three months ended March 31, 2025 (in millions, except per share amounts):


	Number of Shares	Weighted- Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Unvested as of December 31, 2024	299	$	122.77
Granted	135	$	176.15
Vested	(44)	$	124.19
Forfeited/canceled	(6)	$	127.79
Unvested as of March 31, 2025	384	$	141.29

As of March 31, 2025, there was $52.5 billion of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested RSUs. This amount is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.9 years.

Note 14. Income Taxes

The following table presents provision for income taxes (in millions, except for effective tax rate):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024			2025
Income before provision for income taxes	$	28,315		$	41,789
Provision for income taxes	$	4,653		$	7,249
Effective tax rate	16.4		%	17.3		%

We are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in evaluating our uncertain tax positions and determining our provision for income taxes. The total amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits was $12.6 billion and $13.5 billion, of which $10.0 billion and $10.8 billion, if recognized, would affect our effective tax rate, as of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, respectively.

Note 15. Information about Segments and Geographic Areas

We report our segment results as Google Services, Google Cloud, and Other Bets:

•Google Services includes products and services such as ads, Android, Chrome, devices, Google Maps, Google Play, Search, and YouTube. Google Services generates revenues primarily from advertising; fees received for consumer subscription-based products such as YouTube TV, YouTube Music and Premium, and NFL Sunday Ticket, as well as Google One; the sale of apps and in-app purchases; and devices.

•Google Cloud includes infrastructure and platform services, applications, and other services for enterprise customers. Google Cloud generates revenues primarily from consumption-based fees and subscriptions received for Google Cloud Platform services, Google Workspace communication and collaboration tools, and other enterprise services.

•Other Bets is a combination of multiple operating segments that are not individually material. Revenues from Other Bets are generated primarily from the sale of healthcare-related services and internet services.

Revenues, certain costs, such as costs associated with content and traffic acquisition, certain engineering activities, and devices, as well as certain operating expenses are directly attributable to our segments. Due to the integrated nature of Alphabet, other costs and expenses, such as technical infrastructure and office facilities, are managed centrally at a consolidated level. These costs, including the associated depreciation, are allocated to operating segments as a service cost generally based on usage, headcount, or revenue.

Certain costs are not allocated to our segments because they represent Alphabet-level activities. These costs primarily include certain AI-focused shared R&D activities, including development costs of our general AI models; corporate initiatives such as our philanthropic activities; corporate shared costs such as certain finance, human resource, and legal costs, including certain fines and settlements. Charges associated with employee severance and office space reductions are also not allocated to our segments. Additionally, hedging gains (losses) related to revenue are not allocated to our segments.

Our Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) is our Chief Executive Officer, Sundar Pichai. Our CODM uses segment operating income (loss) to allocate resources to our segments in our annual planning process and to assess the performance of our segments, primarily by monitoring actual results versus the annual plan. Our operating segments are not evaluated using asset information.

The following table presents revenue, profitability, and expense information about our segments (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Revenues:
Google Services	$	70,398	$	77,264
Google Cloud	9,574		12,260
Other Bets	495		450
Hedging gains (losses)	72		260
Total revenues	$	80,539	$	90,234
Operating income (loss):
Google Services	$	27,897	$	32,682
Google Cloud	900		2,177
Other Bets	(1,020)		(1,226)
Alphabet-level activities	(2,305)		(3,027)
Total income from operations	$	25,472	$	30,606
Supplemental information about segment expenses:
Google Services:
Employee compensation expenses	$	11,511	$	11,337
Other costs and expenses	30,990		33,245
Total Google Services costs and expenses	$	42,501	$	44,582
Google Cloud:
Employee compensation expenses	$	5,157	$	5,412
Other costs and expenses	3,517		4,671
Total Google Cloud costs and expenses	$	8,674	$	10,083

Google Services and Google Cloud employee compensation expenses include the costs associated with direct and allocated employees. Google Services and Google Cloud other costs and expenses primarily include direct costs, such as advertising and promotional activities and third party services fees as well as allocated costs, such as technical infrastructure and office facilities usage costs. Additionally, Google Services other costs and expenses include content and traffic acquisition costs and device costs.

See Note 2 for information relating to revenues by geography.

The following table presents long-lived assets by geographic area, which includes property and equipment, net and operating lease assets (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Long-lived assets:
United States	$	138,993	$	149,304
International	45,631		49,480
Total long-lived assets	$	184,624	$	198,784

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Please read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations together with "Note About Forward-Looking Statements" and our consolidated financial statements and related notes included under Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as well as our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, including Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors."

Understanding Alphabet’s Financial Results

Alphabet is a collection of businesses — the largest of which is Google. We report Google in two segments, Google Services and Google Cloud; we also report all non-Google businesses collectively as Other Bets. For further details on our segments, see Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Revenues and Monetization Metrics

We generate revenues by delivering relevant, cost-effective online advertising; cloud-based solutions that provide enterprise customers of all sizes with infrastructure, platform services, and applications; sales of other products and services, such as fees received for subscription-based products, apps and in-app purchases, and devices. For additional information on how we recognize revenue, see Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.

In addition to the long-term trends and their financial effect on our business discussed in "Trends in Our Business and Financial Effect" in Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, fluctuations in our revenues have been and may continue to be affected by a combination of factors, including:

•changes in foreign currency exchange rates;

•changes in pricing, such as those resulting from changes in fee structures, discounts, and customer incentives;

•general economic conditions and various external dynamics, including geopolitical events, regulations, and other measures and their effect on advertiser, consumer, and enterprise spending;

•new product, service, and market launches; and

•seasonality.

Additionally, fluctuations in our revenues generated from advertising ("Google advertising"), other sources ("Google subscriptions, platforms, and devices"), Google Cloud, and Other Bets have been, and may continue to be, affected by other factors unique to each set of revenues, as described below.

Google Services

Google Services revenues consist of Google advertising as well as Google subscriptions, platforms, and devices revenues.

Google Advertising

Google advertising revenues are comprised of the following:

•Google Search & other, which includes revenues generated on Google search properties (including revenues from traffic generated by search distribution partners who use Google.com as their default search in browsers, toolbars, etc.), and other Google owned and operated properties like Gmail, Google Maps, and Google Play;

•YouTube ads, which includes revenues generated on YouTube properties; and

•Google Network, which includes revenues generated on Google Network properties participating in AdMob, AdSense, and Google Ad Manager.

We use certain metrics to track how well traffic across various properties is monetized as it relates to our advertising revenues: paid clicks and cost-per-click pertain to traffic on Google Search & other properties, while impressions and cost-per-impression pertain to traffic on our Google Network properties.

Paid clicks represent engagement by users and include clicks on advertisements by end-users on Google search properties and other Google owned and operated properties including Gmail, Google Maps, and Google Play. Cost-per-click is defined as click-driven revenues divided by our total number of paid clicks and represents the average amount we charge advertisers for each engagement by users.

Impressions include impressions displayed to users on Google Network properties participating primarily in AdMob, AdSense, and Google Ad Manager. Cost-per-impression is defined as impression-based and click-based revenues divided by our total number of impressions, and represents the average amount we charge advertisers for each impression displayed to users.

As our business evolves, we periodically review, refine, and update our methodologies for monitoring, gathering, and counting the number of paid clicks and the number of impressions, and for identifying the revenues generated by the corresponding click and impression activity.

Fluctuations in our advertising revenues, as well as the change in paid clicks and cost-per-click on Google Search & other properties and the change in impressions and cost-per-impression on Google Network properties and the correlation between these items have been, and may continue to be, affected by factors in addition to the general factors described above, such as:

•advertiser competition for keywords;

•changes in advertising quality, formats, delivery or policy;

•changes in device mix;

•seasonal fluctuations in internet usage, advertising expenditures, and underlying business trends, such as traditional retail seasonality; and

•traffic growth in emerging markets compared to more mature markets and across various verticals and channels.

Google subscriptions, platforms, and devices

Google subscriptions, platforms, and devices revenues are comprised of the following:

•consumer subscriptions, which primarily include revenues from YouTube services, such as YouTube TV, YouTube Music and Premium, and NFL Sunday Ticket, as well as Google One;

•platforms, which primarily include revenues from Google Play sales of apps and in-app purchases;

•devices, which primarily include sales of the Pixel family of devices; and

•other products and services.

Fluctuations in our Google subscriptions, platforms, and devices revenues have been, and may continue to be, affected by factors in addition to the general factors described above, such as changes in customer usage and demand, number of subscribers, and the timing of product launches.

Google Cloud

Google Cloud revenues are comprised of the following:

•Google Cloud Platform, which generates consumption-based fees and subscriptions for infrastructure, platform, and other services. These services provide access to solutions such as AI offerings including our AI infrastructure, Vertex AI platform, and Gemini for Google Cloud: cybersecurity; and data and analytics;

•Google Workspace, which includes subscriptions for cloud-based communication and collaboration tools for enterprises, such as Calendar, Gmail, Docs, Drive, and Meet, with integrated features like Gemini for Google Workspace; and

•other enterprise services.

Fluctuations in our Google Cloud revenues have been, and may continue to be, affected by factors in addition to the general factors described above, such as changes in customer usage and demand.

Other Bets

Revenues from Other Bets are generated primarily from the sale of healthcare-related services and internet services.

Costs and Expenses

Our cost structure has two components: cost of revenues and operating expenses. Our operating expenses include costs related to R&D, sales and marketing, and general and administrative functions. Certain of our costs and expenses, including those associated with the operation of our technical infrastructure as well as components of our operating expenses, are generally less variable in nature and may not correlate to changes in revenue. Additionally, fluctuations in employee compensation expenses may not directly correlate with changes in headcount due to factors such as annual SBC awards that generally vest over four years.

Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues is comprised of TAC and other costs of revenues.

•TAC includes:

◦amounts paid to our distribution partners who make available our search access points and services. Our distribution partners include browser providers, mobile carriers, original equipment manufacturers, and software developers; and

◦amounts paid to Google Network partners primarily for ads displayed on their properties.

•Other cost of revenues primarily includes:

◦content acquisition costs, which are payments to content providers from whom we license video and other content for distribution, primarily related to YouTube (we pay fees to these content providers based on revenues generated, subscriber counts, or a flat fee);

◦depreciation expense related to our technical infrastructure;

◦employee compensation expenses related to our technical infrastructure and other operations such as content review and customer and product support;

◦inventory and other costs related to the devices we sell; and

◦other technical infrastructure operations costs, including network capacity, energy, and equipment costs.

TAC as a percentage of revenues generated from ads placed on Google Network properties are significantly higher than TAC as a percentage of revenues generated from ads placed on Google Search & other properties, because most of the advertiser revenues from ads served on Google Network properties are paid as TAC to our Google Network partners.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses are generally incurred during our normal course of business, which we categorize as either R&D, sales and marketing, or general and administrative.

The main components of our R&D expenses are:

•depreciation;

•employee compensation expenses for engineering and technical employees responsible for R&D related to our existing and new products and services; and

•third-party services fees primarily relating to consulting and outsourced services in support of our engineering and product development efforts.

The main components of our sales and marketing expenses are:

•employee compensation expenses for employees engaged in sales and marketing, sales support, and certain customer service functions; and

•spend relating to our advertising and promotional activities in support of our products and services.

The main components of our general and administrative expenses are:

•employee compensation expenses for employees in finance, human resources, information technology, legal, and other administrative support functions;

•expenses relating to legal and other matters, including certain fines and settlements; and

•third-party services fees, including audit, consulting, outside legal, and other outsourced administrative services.

Other Income (Expense), Net

OI&E, net primarily consists of interest income (expense), the effect of foreign currency exchange gains (losses), net gains (losses) and impairment on our marketable and non-marketable securities, performance fees, and income (loss) and impairment from our equity method investments.

For additional information, including how we account for our investments and factors that can drive fluctuations in the value of our investments, see Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 and Item 7A, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 as well as Note 3 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Provision for Income Taxes

Provision for income taxes represents the estimated amount of federal, state, and foreign income taxes incurred in the U.S. and the many jurisdictions in which we operate. The provision includes the effect of reserve provisions and changes to reserves that are considered appropriate as well as the related net interest and penalties.

For additional information, see Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 as well as Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Executive Overview

The following table summarizes consolidated financial results (in millions, except per share information and percentages):


		Three Months Ended
	March 31,
		2024			2025			$ Change		% Change
Consolidated revenues		$	80,539		$	90,234		$	9,695	12	%
Change in consolidated constant currency revenues(1)										14	%

Cost of revenues		$	33,712		$	36,361		$	2,649	8	%
Operating expenses		$	21,355		$	23,267		$	1,912	9	%

Operating income		$	25,472		$	30,606		$	5,134	20	%
Operating margin		32		%	34		%			2	%

Other income (expense), net		$	2,843		$	11,183		$	8,340	293	%

Net income		$	23,662		$	34,540		$	10,878	46	%
Diluted EPS (2)		$	1.89		$	2.81		$	0.92	49	%

(1) See "Use of Non-GAAP Constant Currency Information" below for details relating to our use of constant currency information.

(2) For additional information on the calculation of diluted EPS, see Note 12 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

•Revenues were $90.2 billion, an increase of 12% year over year, primarily driven by an increase in Google Services revenues of $6.9 billion, or 10%, and an increase in Google Cloud revenues of $2.7 billion, or 28%.

•Total constant currency revenues, which exclude the effect of hedging, increased 14% year over year.

•Cost of revenues was $36.4 billion, an increase of 8% year over year, primarily driven by increases in content acquisition costs, TAC, and depreciation expense.

•Operating expenses were $23.3 billion, an increase of 9% year over year, primarily driven by increases in depreciation expense, employee compensation expenses, and other technical infrastructure operations costs.

Other Information:

•In March 2025, we entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Wiz, a leading cloud security platform, for $32.0 billion, subject to closing adjustments, in an all-cash transaction. The acquisition of Wiz is expected to close in 2026, subject to customary closing conditions, including the receipt of regulatory approvals. Upon the close of the acquisition, Wiz will be part of the Google Cloud segment.

•In April 2025, the Board of Directors of Alphabet declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.21 representing a 5% increase from the previous quarterly dividend of $0.20. The dividend is payable on June 16, 2025 to stockholders of record for each of the company’s Class A, Class B, and Class C shares as of June 9, 2025. For additional information, see Note 11 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

•Repurchases of Class A and Class C shares were $2.8 billion and $12.5 billion, respectively, totaling $15.3 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2025. For additional information, see Note 11 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

•OI&E of $11.2 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2025 included an $8.0 billion unrealized gain on our non-marketable equity securities related to our investment in a private company.

•Operating cash flow was $36.2 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

•Capital expenditures, which primarily reflected investments in technical infrastructure, were $17.2 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

•As of March 31, 2025, we had 185,719 employees.

We are monitoring ongoing developments surrounding international trade and the macroeconomic environment. As a result of volatility in international trade and financial markets, we may experience direct and indirect effects on our business, operations, and financial results. Our past results may not be indicative of our future performance, and our financial results may differ materially from historical trends.

Financial Results

Revenues

The following table presents revenues by type (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Google Search & other	$	46,156	$	50,702
YouTube ads	8,090		8,927
Google Network	7,413		7,256
Google advertising	61,659		66,885
Google subscriptions, platforms, and devices	8,739		10,379
Google Services total	70,398		77,264
Google Cloud	9,574		12,260
Other Bets	495		450
Hedging gains (losses)	72		260
Total revenues	$	80,539	$	90,234

Google Services

Google advertising revenues

Google Search & other

Google Search & other revenues increased $4.5 billion from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025. The overall growth was driven by interrelated factors including increases in search queries resulting from growth in user adoption and usage on mobile devices; growth in advertiser spending; and improvements we have made in ad formats and delivery.

YouTube ads

YouTube ads revenues increased $837 million from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025. The growth was driven by our direct response advertising products followed by our brand advertising products, both of which benefited from increased spending by our advertisers.

Google Network

Google Network revenues decreased $157 million from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025, primarily due to the unfavorable effect of foreign currency exchange rates and a decrease in Google Ad Manager and AdMob revenues. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in AdSense revenues.

Monetization Metrics

The following table presents changes in monetization metrics for Google Search & other revenues (paid clicks and cost-per-click) and Google Network revenues (impressions and cost-per-impression), expressed as a percentage, from three months ended March 31, 2024 to three months ended March 31, 2025:


Google Search & other
Paid clicks change	2	%
Cost-per-click change	7	%
Google Network
Impressions change	(5)	%
Cost-per-impression change	4	%

Changes in paid clicks and impressions are driven by a number of interrelated factors, including changes in advertiser spending; ongoing product and policy changes; and, as it relates to paid clicks, fluctuations in search queries resulting from changes in user adoption and usage, primarily on mobile devices.

Changes in cost-per-click and cost-per-impression are driven by a number of interrelated factors including changes in device mix, geographic mix, advertiser spending, ongoing product and policy changes, product mix, property mix, and changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

Google subscriptions, platforms, and devices

Google subscriptions, platforms, and devices revenues increased $1.6 billion from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025. The growth was primarily driven by an increase in subscription revenues. The increase in subscription revenues was primarily due to growth in the number of paid subscribers across both YouTube services and Google One.

Google Cloud

Google Cloud revenues increased $2.7 billion from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025 primarily driven by growth in Google Cloud Platform largely from infrastructure services.

Revenues by Geography

The following table presents revenues by geography as a percentage of revenues, determined based on the addresses of our customers:


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
United States	48	%	49	%
EMEA	30	%	29	%
APAC	16	%	16	%
Other Americas	6	%	6	%
Hedging gains (losses)	0	%	0	%

For additional information, see Note 2 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Use of Non-GAAP Constant Currency Information

International revenues, which represent a significant portion of our revenues, are generally transacted in multiple currencies and therefore are affected by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.

The effect of currency exchange rates on our business is an important factor in understanding period-to-period comparisons. We use non-GAAP constant currency revenues ("constant currency revenues") and non-GAAP percentage change in constant currency revenues ("percentage change in constant currency revenues") for financial and operational decision-making and as a means to evaluate period-to-period comparisons. We believe the presentation of results on a constant currency basis in addition to GAAP results helps improve the ability to understand our performance, because it excludes the effects of foreign currency volatility that are not indicative of our core operating results.

Constant currency information compares results between periods as if exchange rates had remained constant period over period. We define constant currency revenues as revenues excluding the effect of foreign currency exchange rate movements ("FX Effect") as well as hedging activities, which are recognized at the consolidated level. We use constant currency revenues to determine the constant currency revenue percentage change on a year-on-year basis. Constant currency revenues are calculated by translating current period revenues using prior year comparable period exchange rates, as well as excluding any hedging effects realized in the current period.

Constant currency revenue percentage change is calculated by determining the change in current period revenues over prior year comparable period revenues where current period foreign currency revenues are translated using prior year comparable period exchange rates and hedging effects are excluded from revenues of both periods.

These results should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for, results reported in accordance with GAAP. Results on a constant currency basis, as we present them, may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies and are not a measure of performance presented in accordance with GAAP.

The following table presents the foreign currency exchange effect on international revenues and total revenues (in millions, except percentages):


					Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
									% Change from Prior Period
	Three Months Ended March 31,				Less FX Effect		Constant Currency Revenues		As Reported		Less Hedging Effect		Less FX Effect		Constant Currency Revenues
	2024		2025
United States	$	38,737	$	43,964	$	0	$	43,964	13	%			0	%	13	%
EMEA	23,788		25,923		(724)		26,647		9	%			(3)	%	12	%
APAC	13,289		14,854		(381)		15,235		12	%			(3)	%	15	%
Other Americas	4,653		5,233		(500)		5,733		12	%			(11)	%	23	%
Revenues, excluding hedging effect	80,467		89,974		(1,605)		91,579		12	%			(2)	%	14	%
Hedging gains (losses)	72		260
Total revenues(1)	$	80,539	$	90,234			$	91,579	12	%	0	%	(2)	%	14	%

(1)Total constant currency revenues of $91.6 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2025 increased $11.1 billion compared to $80.5 billion in revenues, excluding hedging effect, for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

EMEA revenue growth was unfavorably affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily due to the U.S. dollar strengthening relative to the euro.

APAC revenue growth was unfavorably affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily due to the U.S. dollar strengthening relative to the Japanese yen, Australian dollar, and South Korean won.

Other Americas revenue growth was unfavorably affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily due to the U.S. dollar strengthening relative to the Brazilian real.

Costs and Expenses

Cost of Revenues

The following table presents cost of revenues, including TAC (in millions, except percentages):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024			2025
TAC	$	12,946		$	13,748
Other cost of revenues	20,766			22,613
Total cost of revenues	$	33,712		$	36,361
Total cost of revenues as a percentage of revenues	42		%	40		%

Cost of revenues increased $2.6 billion from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025 due to an increase in other cost of revenues and TAC of $1.8 billion and $802 million, respectively.

The increase in TAC from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025 was largely due to an increase in TAC paid to distribution partners, primarily driven by growth in revenues subject to TAC. The TAC rate decreased from 21.0% to 20.6% from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025 primarily due to a revenue mix shift from Google Network properties to Google Search & other properties. The TAC rate on Google Search & other revenues increased from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025 primarily due to increases related to mobile searches, which carries higher TAC because more mobile searches are channeled through paid access points. The TAC rate on Google Network revenues decreased from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025 due to a combination of factors, none of which were individually significant.

The increase in other cost of revenues from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025 was primarily due to increases in content acquisition costs, largely for YouTube, depreciation expense, and other technical infrastructure operations costs.

Research and Development

The following table presents R&D expenses (in millions, except percentages):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024			2025
Research and development expenses	$	11,903		$	13,556
Research and development expenses as a percentage of revenues	15		%	15		%

R&D expenses increased $1.7 billion from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025, primarily driven by increases in employee compensation expenses of $697 million and depreciation expense of $491 million.

Sales and Marketing

The following table presents sales and marketing expenses (in millions, except percentages):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024			2025
Sales and marketing expenses	$	6,426		$	6,172
Sales and marketing expenses as a percentage of revenues	8		%	7		%

Sales and marketing expenses decreased $254 million from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025 primarily driven by a decrease in employee compensation expenses of $307 million.

General and Administrative

The following table presents general and administrative expenses (in millions, except percentages):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024			2025
General and administrative expenses	$	3,026		$	3,539
General and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues	4		%	4		%

General and administrative expenses increased $513 million from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025, primarily driven by an increase in charges related to legal and other matters of $292 million and a combination of other factors, none of which were individually significant.

Segment Profitability

We report our segment results as Google Services, Google Cloud, and Other Bets. Additionally, certain costs are not allocated to our segments because they represent Alphabet-level activities. For further details on our segments, Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

The following table presents segment operating income (loss) (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025








Operating income (loss):
Google Services	$	27,897	$	32,682
Google Cloud	900		2,177
Other Bets	(1,020)		(1,226)
Alphabet-level activities(1)	(2,305)		(3,027)
Total income from operations	$	25,472	$	30,606

(1)In addition to the costs included in Alphabet-level activities, hedging gains (losses) related to revenue were $72 million and $260 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2025, respectively. Alphabet-level activities include all of the charges related to employee severance and office space charges.

Google Services

Google Services operating income increased $4.8 billion from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025. The increase in operating income was primarily driven by an increase in revenues, partially offset by increases in content acquisition costs and TAC.

Google Cloud

Google Cloud operating income increased $1.3 billion from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025. The increase in operating income was primarily driven by an increase in revenues, partially offset by increases in usage costs for technical infrastructure and employee compensation expenses.

Other Bets

Other Bets operating loss increased $206 million from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025. The increase in operating loss was due to a combination of factors, none of which were individually significant.

Other Income (Expense), Net

The following table presents OI&E (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Interest income	$	1,061	$	1,001
Interest expense	(94)		(34)
Foreign currency exchange gain (loss), net	(238)		(106)
Gain (loss) on debt securities, net	(462)		202
Gain (loss) on equity securities, net	2,243		9,758
Performance fees	104		(40)
Income (loss) and impairment from equity method investments, net	(26)		(22)
Other	255		424
Other income (expense), net	$	2,843	$	11,183

OI&E, net increased $8.3 billion from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025 primarily due to an increase in net gains on equity securities. The net gains on equity securities were due to net unrealized gains on non-marketable equity securities driven by fair value adjustments related to observable transactions.

For additional information, see Note 3 and Note 7 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Provision for Income Taxes

The following table presents provision for income taxes (in millions, except effective tax rate):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024			2025
Income before provision for income taxes	$	28,315		$	41,789
Provision for income taxes	$	4,653		$	7,249
Effective tax rate	16.4		%	17.3		%

The effective tax rate increased from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025. This increase was primarily due to lower effective tax rate impacts in the U.S. federal Foreign Derived Intangible Income tax deduction, R&D credits, and stock-based compensation-related tax benefits.

The OECD is coordinating negotiations among more than 140 countries with the goal of achieving consensus around substantial changes to international tax policies, including the implementation of a minimum global effective tax rate of 15%. Some countries have already implemented the legislation effective January 1, 2024, and we expect others to follow, however this did not have a material effect on our income tax provision for the period ending March 31, 2025.

Financial Condition

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities

As of March 31, 2025, we had $95.3 billion in cash, cash equivalents, and short-term marketable securities. Cash equivalents and marketable securities are comprised of time deposits, money market funds, highly liquid government bonds, corporate debt securities, mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, and marketable equity securities.

Sources, Uses of Cash and Related Trends

Our principal sources of liquidity are cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, as well as the cash flow that we generate from operations. The primary use of capital continues to be to invest for the long-term growth of the business. We regularly evaluate our cash and capital structure, including the size, pace, and form of capital return to stockholders.

The following table presents cash flows (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	28,848	$	36,150
Net cash used in investing activities	$	(8,564)	$	(16,194)
Net cash used in financing activities	$	(19,714)	$	(20,201)

Cash Provided by Operating Activities

Our largest source of cash provided by operations are advertising revenues generated by Google Search & other properties, Google Network properties, and YouTube properties. In Google Services, we also generate cash through consumer subscriptions, the sale of apps and in-app purchases, and devices. In Google Cloud, we generate cash through consumption-based fees and subscriptions for infrastructure, platform, applications, and other cloud services.

Our primary uses of cash from operating activities include payments to distribution and Google Network partners, to employees for compensation, and to content providers. Other uses of cash from operating activities include payments to suppliers for devices, to tax authorities for income taxes, and other general corporate expenditures.

Net cash provided by operating activities increased from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025 due to an increase in cash received from customers, partially offset by an increase in cash payments for cost of revenues and operating expenses.

Cash Used in Investing Activities

Cash provided by investing activities consists primarily of maturities and sales of investments in marketable and non-marketable securities. Cash used in investing activities consists primarily of purchases of marketable and non-marketable securities, purchases of property and equipment, and payments for acquisitions.

Net cash used in investing activities increased from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025 primarily due to an increase in purchases of property and equipment and a decrease in maturities and sales of marketable securities, partially offset by a decrease in purchases of marketable securities. The increase in purchases of property and equipment is primarily driven by investments in technical infrastructure.

Cash Used in Financing Activities

Cash provided by financing activities consists primarily of proceeds from issuance of debt and proceeds from the sale of interests in consolidated entities. Cash used in financing activities consists primarily of repurchases of stock, net payments related to stock-based award activities, payment of dividends, and repayments of debt.

Net cash used in financing activities increased from the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the three months ended March 31, 2025 due to dividend payments, partially offset by an increase in proceeds from issuance of debt, net of repayments.

Liquidity and Material Cash Requirements

We expect existing cash, cash equivalents, short-term marketable securities, and cash flows from operations and financing activities to continue to be sufficient to fund our operating activities and cash commitments for investing and financing activities for at least the next 12 months, and thereafter for the foreseeable future.

Capital Expenditures and Leases

We make investments in land, buildings, and servers and network equipment through purchases of property and equipment and lease arrangements to provide capacity for the growth of our services and products.

Capital Expenditures

Our capital investments in property and equipment consist primarily of the following major categories:

•technical infrastructure, which consists of our investments in servers and network equipment for computing, storage, and networking requirements for ongoing business activities, including AI, and data center land and building construction; and

•office facilities, ground-up development projects, and building improvements (also referred to as "fit-outs").

Assets not yet in service are those that are not ready for our intended use, including assets in the process of construction or assembly, and consists primarily of technical infrastructure. The time frame from date of purchase to placement in service of these assets may extend from months to years. For example, our data center construction projects are generally multi-year projects with multiple phases, where we acquire land and buildings, construct buildings, and secure and install servers and network equipment.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2025, we spent $12.0 billion and $17.2 billion on capital expenditures, respectively. We expect to increase, relative to 2024, our investment in our technical infrastructure, including servers, network equipment, and data centers, to support the growth of our business and our long-term initiatives, in particular in support of AI products and services. Depreciation of our property and equipment commences when such assets are ready for our intended use. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2025, depreciation on property and equipment was $3.4 billion and $4.5 billion, respectively.

Leases

As of March 31, 2025, the amount of total future lease payments under operating and finance leases was $17.0 billion and $2.5 billion, respectively.

As of March 31, 2025, we have entered into leases primarily related to data centers that have not yet commenced with future lease payments of $17.3 billion. These leases will commence between 2025 and 2031 with non-cancelable lease terms between one and 25 years.

For additional information on leases, see Note 4 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Financing

As of March 31, 2025, we had senior unsecured notes outstanding with a total carrying value of $11.9 billion.

As of March 31, 2025, we had $10.0 billion of revolving credit facilities, $4.0 billion expiring in April 2025 and $6.0 billion expiring in April 2028. In April 2025, we entered into a new $4.0 billion revolving credit facility expiring in April 2026. Additionally, we terminated the $6.0 billion revolving credit facility expiring in April 2028 and entered into a new $6.0 billion revolving credit facility expiring in April 2030. The interest rates for all credit facilities are determined based on a formula using certain market rates. No amounts have been borrowed under the credit facilities.

For additional information, see Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

We primarily utilize contract manufacturers for the assembly of our servers used in our technical infrastructure and devices we sell. We have agreements where we may purchase components directly from suppliers and then supply these components to contract manufacturers for use in the assembly of the servers and devices. Certain of these arrangements result in a portion of the cash received from and paid to the contract manufacturers to be presented as financing activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Share Repurchase Program

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we repurchased and subsequently retired 83 million shares for $15.3 billion.

The following table presents Class A and Class C shares repurchased and subsequently retired (in millions):


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
	Shares	Amount
Class A share repurchases	15	$	2,766
Class C share repurchases	68	12,535
Total share repurchases(1)	83	$	15,301

(1)Shares repurchased include unsettled repurchases.

For additional information, see Note 11 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Dividend Program

In the three months ended March 31, 2025, total cash dividends were $1.2 billion, $171 million, and $1.1 billion for Class A, Class B, and Class C shares, respectively.

The company intends to pay quarterly cash dividends in the future, subject to review and approval by the company’s Board of Directors in its sole discretion.

European Commission Fines

In 2018 and 2019, the EC announced decisions that certain actions taken by Google infringed European competition law and imposed fines of €4.3 billion ($5.1 billion as of June 30, 2018) and €1.5 billion ($1.7 billion as of March 20, 2019), respectively.

In September 2022, the General Court affirmed the EC decision but reduced the 2018 fine from €4.3 billion to €4.1 billion. We subsequently appealed the General Court's affirmation of the EC with the European Court of Justice, which remains pending.

In September 2024, the EU's General Court overturned the 2019 decision and annulled the €1.5 billion fine. The EC has appealed the General Court's decision to the European Court of Justice.

We included the outstanding EC fines, including any under appeal, in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. For additional information, see Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Taxes

As of March 31, 2025, we had income taxes payable of $2.7 billion related to a one-time transition tax payable incurred as a result of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which is due in 2025. We also had long-term taxes payable of $9.8 billion primarily related to uncertain tax positions as of March 31, 2025.

Purchase Commitments and Other Contractual Obligations

As of March 31, 2025, we had material purchase commitments and other contractual obligations of $62.1 billion, of which $41.5 billion was short-term. These amounts primarily consist of purchase orders for certain technical infrastructure as well as the non-cancelable portion or the minimum cancellation fee in certain agreements related to commitments to purchase licenses, including content licenses, inventory, and network capacity. For those agreements with variable terms, we do not estimate the non-cancelable obligation beyond any minimum quantities and/or pricing as of March 31, 2025. In certain instances, the amount of our contractual obligations may change based on the expected timing of order fulfillment from our suppliers. For more information related to our content licenses, see Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

In addition, we regularly enter into multi-year, non-cancellable agreements to purchase renewable energy and energy attributes, such as renewable energy certificates. These agreements do not include a minimum dollar commitment. The amounts to be paid under these agreements are based on the actual volumes to be generated and are not readily determinable.

We may experience increases in the costs associated with our purchase commitments and other contractual obligations as a result of ongoing developments surrounding international trade. For details on risks related to our manufacturing and supply chain and other risks, refer to Part I, Item 1A, "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024.

Pending Acquisition

In March 2025, we entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Wiz, a leading cloud security platform, for $32.0 billion, subject to closing adjustments, in an all-cash transaction. The acquisition of Wiz is expected to close in 2026, subject to customary closing conditions, including the receipt of regulatory approvals. For additional information, see Note 8 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Critical Accounting Estimates

See Part II, Item 7, "Critical Accounting Estimates" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Available Information

Our website is located at www.abc.xyz, and our investor relations website is located at www.abc.xyz/investor. Access to our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and our Proxy Statements, and any amendments to these reports, is available on our investor relations website, free of charge, after we file or furnish them with the SEC and they are available on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov.

We webcast via our investor relations YouTube channel and website our earnings calls and certain events we participate in or host with members of the investment community. Our investor relations website also provides

notifications of news or announcements regarding our financial performance and other items that may be material or of interest to our investors, including SEC filings, investor events, press and earnings releases, and blogs. We also share Google news and product updates on Google’s Keyword blog at https://www.blog.google/ and News From Google page on X at x.com/NewsFromGoogle, and our executive officers may also use certain social media channels, such as X and LinkedIn, to communicate information about earnings results and company updates, which may be of interest or material to our investors. Further, corporate governance information, including our certificate of incorporation, bylaws, governance guidelines, board committee charters, and code of conduct, is also available on our investor relations website under the heading "Governance." The information contained on, or that may be accessed through our websites or our executive officers' social media channels, is not incorporated by reference into this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or in any other report or document we file with the SEC, and any references to our websites are intended to be inactive textual references only.

ITEM 3.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

For quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk, refer to Part II, Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

ITEM 4.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Based on this evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that, as of March 31, 2025, our disclosure controls and procedures are designed at a reasonable assurance level and are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures

In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and that management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the benefits of possible controls and procedures relative to their costs.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

For a description of our material pending legal proceedings, see Note 10 “Commitments and Contingencies - Legal Matters” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 1A.RISK FACTORS

Our operations and financial results are subject to various risks and uncertainties, including but not limited to those described in Part I, Item 1A, "Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, which could harm our business, reputation, financial condition, and operating results, and affect the trading price of our Class A and Class C stock.

For additional information about the ongoing material legal proceedings to which we are subject, see Legal Proceedings in Part II, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

ITEM 2.UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table presents information with respect to Alphabet's repurchases of Class A and Class C stock during the quarter ended March 31, 2025.


Period	Total Number of Class A Shares Purchased (in thousands) (1)	Total Number of Class C Shares Purchased (in thousands) (1)	Average Price Paid per Class A Share (2)		Average Price Paid per Class C Share (2)		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Programs (in thousands) (1)	Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program (in millions)
January 1 - 31	3,884	21,503	$	197.44	$	198.13	25,387	$	39,708
February 1 - 28	4,749	22,382	$	185.61	$	187.68	27,131	$	34,662
March 1 - 31	6,707	24,239	$	166.64	$	168.09	30,946	$	29,504
Total	15,340	68,124					83,464

(1) Repurchases are being executed from time to time, subject to general business and market conditions and other investment opportunities, through open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions, including through Rule 10b5-1 plans. The repurchase program does not have an expiration date. For additional information related to share repurchases, see Note 11 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

(2) Average price paid per share includes costs associated with the repurchases.

ITEM 5.OTHER INFORMATION

10b5-1 Trading Plans

During the quarter ended March 31, 2025, no Section 16 director or officer adopted, modified, or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” (as defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K of the Exchange Act).

There were no “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements” (as defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K of the Exchange Act) adopted, modified, or terminated during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 by our directors and Section 16 officers.

ITEM 6.EXHIBITS

Exhibit
Number

Description

Incorporated by reference herein

Form

Date

31.01

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.02

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.01

‡

Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

101.INS

Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

101.SCH

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

__________________________




*			Filed herewith.
‡			Furnished herewith.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


		ALPHABET INC.
April 24, 2025	By:	/s/ ANAT ASHKENAZI
		Anat Ashkenazi
		Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer


		ALPHABET INC.
April 24, 2025	By:	/s/ AMIE THUENER O'TOOLE
		Amie Thuener O'Toole
		Vice President, Corporate Controller and Principal Accounting Officer

Exhibit 31.01

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO

EXCHANGE ACT RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a),

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Sundar Pichai, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Alphabet Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Date: April 24, 2025						/S/ SUNDAR PICHAI
						Sundar Pichai
						Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

Exhibit 31.02

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO

EXCHANGE ACT RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a),

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Anat Ashkenazi, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Alphabet Inc.;

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Date: April 24, 2025						/s/ ANAT ASHKENAZI
						Anat Ashkenazi
						Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

Exhibit 32.01

CERTIFICATIONS OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Sundar Pichai, certify pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Alphabet Inc. for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025, fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that information contained in such Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Alphabet Inc.


Date: April 24, 2025	By:	/S/ SUNDAR PICHAI
	Name:	Sundar Pichai
	Title:	Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

I, Anat Ashkenazi, certify pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Alphabet Inc. for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025, fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that information contained in such Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Alphabet Inc.


Date: April 24, 2025	By:	/s/ ANAT ASHKENAZI
	Name:	Anat Ashkenazi
	Title:	Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

The foregoing certifications are not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Alphabet Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing.

Cover Page - shares shares in Millions	3 Months Ended
Cover Page - shares shares in Millions	Mar. 31, 2025	Apr. 17, 2025
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2025
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-37580
Entity Registrant Name	Alphabet Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	61-1767919
Entity Address, Address Line One	1600 Amphitheatre Parkway
Entity Address, City or Town	Mountain View
Entity Address, State or Province	CA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	94043
City Area Code	650
Local Phone Number	253-0000
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2025
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Entity Central Index Key	0001652044
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Class A Common Stock
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Class A Common Stock, $0.001 par value
Trading Symbol	GOOGL
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		5,820
Class C Capital Stock
Document Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Class C Capital Stock, $0.001 par value
Trading Symbol	GOOG
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		5,459
Class B Common Stock
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		856

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 23,264	$ 23,466
Marketable securities	72,064	72,191
Total cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities	95,328	95,657
Accounts receivable, net	51,000	52,340
Other current assets	15,724	15,714
Total current assets	162,052	163,711
Non-marketable securities	51,029	37,982
Deferred income taxes	18,386	17,180
Property and equipment, net	185,062	171,036
Operating lease assets	13,722	13,588
Goodwill	32,173	31,885
Other non-current assets	12,950	14,874
Total assets	475,374	450,256
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	8,497	7,987
Accrued compensation and benefits	9,984	15,069
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	58,300	51,228
Accrued revenue share	9,965	9,802
Deferred revenue	4,908	5,036
Total current liabilities	91,654	89,122
Long-term debt	10,886	10,883
Income taxes payable, non-current	9,773	8,782
Operating lease liabilities	11,678	11,691
Other long-term liabilities	6,116	4,694
Total liabilities	130,107	125,172
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 10)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share, 100 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding	0	0
Class A, Class B, and Class C stock and additional paid-in capital, $0.001 par value per share: 300,000 shares authorized (Class A 180,000, Class B 60,000, Class C 60,000); 12,211 (Class A 5,835, Class B 861, Class C 5,515) and 12,155 (Class A 5,825, Class B 856, Class C 5,474) shares issued and outstanding	86,725	84,800
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(4,086)	(4,800)
Retained earnings	262,628	245,084
Total stockholders’ equity	345,267	325,084
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 475,374	$ 450,256

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	100,000,000	100,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock and capital stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock and capital stock, shares authorized (in shares)	300,000,000,000	300,000,000,000
Common stock and capital stock, shares issued (in shares)	12,155,000,000	12,211,000,000
Common stock and capital stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	12,155,000,000	12,211,000,000
Class A Common Stock
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock and capital stock, shares authorized (in shares)	180,000,000,000	180,000,000,000
Common stock and capital stock, shares issued (in shares)	5,825,000,000	5,835,000,000
Common stock and capital stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	5,825,000,000	5,835,000,000
Class B Common Stock
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock and capital stock, shares authorized (in shares)	60,000,000,000	60,000,000,000
Common stock and capital stock, shares issued (in shares)	856,000,000	861,000,000
Common stock and capital stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	856,000,000	861,000,000
Class C Capital Stock
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock and capital stock, shares authorized (in shares)	60,000,000,000	60,000,000,000
Common stock and capital stock, shares issued (in shares)	5,474,000,000	5,515,000,000
Common stock and capital stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	5,474,000,000	5,515,000,000

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenues	$ 90,234	$ 80,539
Costs and expenses:
Cost of revenues	36,361	33,712
Research and development	13,556	11,903
Sales and marketing	6,172	6,426
General and administrative	3,539	3,026
Total costs and expenses	59,628	55,067
Income from operations	30,606	25,472
Other income (expense), net	11,183	2,843
Income before income taxes	41,789	28,315
Provision for income taxes	7,249	4,653
Net income	$ 34,540	$ 23,662
Basic net income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.84	$ 1.91
Diluted net income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.81	$ 1.89

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income	$ 34,540	$ 23,662
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment, net of income tax benefit (expense) of $(18) and $45	663	(503)
Available-for-sale investments:
Change in net unrealized gains (losses)	645	(360)
Less: reclassification adjustment for net (gains) losses included in net income	(84)	311
Net change, net of income tax benefit (expense) of $14 and $(159)	561	(49)
Cash flow hedges:
Change in net unrealized gains (losses)	(313)	186
Less: reclassification adjustment for net (gains) losses included in net income	(197)	(71)
Net change, net of income tax benefit (expense) of $(23) and $131	(510)	115
Other comprehensive income (loss)	714	(437)
Comprehensive income	$ 35,254	$ 23,225

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Income tax benefit (expense) related to foreign currency translation adjustment	$ 45	$ (18)
Income tax benefit (expense) related to available-for-sale investments	(159)	14
Income tax benefit (expense) related to cash flow hedges	$ 131	$ (23)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	Total	Class A, Class B, Class C Stock and Additional Paid-In Capital	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Retained Earnings
Beginning Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023		12,460
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 283,379	$ 76,534	$ (4,402)	$ 211,247
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock issued (in shares)		32
Stock-based compensation	5,293	$ 5,293
Tax withholding related to vesting of restricted stock units and other	(2,996)	$ (2,996)
Repurchases of stock (in shares)		(111)
Repurchases of stock	(16,057)	$ (918)		(15,139)
Net income	23,662			23,662
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(437)		(437)
Ending Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024		12,381
Ending Balance at Mar. 31, 2024	292,844	$ 77,913	(4,839)	219,770
Beginning Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2024		12,211
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2024	325,084	$ 84,800	(4,800)	245,084
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock issued (in shares)		27
Stock issued	0
Stock-based compensation	5,553	$ 5,553
Tax withholding related to vesting of restricted stock units and other	(3,240)	$ (3,240)
Repurchases of stock (in shares)		(83)
Repurchases of stock	(15,301)	$ (815)		(14,486)
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared ($0.20 per share)	(2,483)	27		(2,510)
Sale of interest in consolidated entities	400	$ 400
Net income	34,540			34,540
Other comprehensive income (loss)	714		714
Ending Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2025		12,155
Ending Balance at Mar. 31, 2025	$ 345,267	$ 86,725	$ (4,086)	$ 262,628

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Parenthetical)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025 $ / shares
Equity [Abstract]
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.20

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Operating activities
Net income	$ 34,540	$ 23,662
Adjustments:
Depreciation of property and equipment	4,487	3,413
Stock-based compensation expense	5,516	5,264
Deferred income taxes	(1,152)	419
Loss (gain) on debt and equity securities, net	(9,960)	(1,781)
Other	481	334
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions:
Accounts receivable, net	1,638	3,167
Income taxes, net	7,197	3,011
Other assets	(1,288)	(1,000)
Accounts payable	(880)	(2,124)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	(5,045)	(5,054)
Accrued revenue share	116	(322)
Deferred revenue	500	(141)
Net cash provided by operating activities	36,150	28,848
Investing activities
Purchases of property and equipment	(17,197)	(12,012)
Purchases of marketable securities	(18,453)	(20,684)
Maturities and sales of marketable securities	20,345	24,985
Purchases of non-marketable securities	(958)	(1,206)
Maturities and sales of non-marketable securities	259	313
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired, and purchases of intangible assets	(340)	(61)
Other investing activities	150	101
Net cash used in investing activities	(16,194)	(8,564)
Financing activities
Net payments related to stock-based award activities	(3,110)	(2,929)
Repurchases of stock	(15,068)	(15,696)
Dividend payments	(2,434)	0
Proceeds from issuance of debt, net of costs	4,532	1,982
Repayments of debt	(4,521)	(3,079)
Proceeds from sale of interest in consolidated entities, net	400	8
Net cash used in financing activities	(20,201)	(19,714)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	43	(125)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(202)	445
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	23,466	24,048
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$ 23,264	$ 24,493

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	3 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Mar. 31, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Nature of Operations Google was incorporated in California in September 1998 and re-incorporated in the State of Delaware in August 2003. In 2015, we implemented a holding company reorganization, and as a result, Alphabet Inc. ("Alphabet") became the successor issuer to Google. We generate revenues by delivering relevant, cost-effective online advertising; cloud-based solutions that provide enterprise customers of all sizes with infrastructure, platform services, and applications; sales of other products and services, such as fees received for subscription-based products, apps and in-app purchases, and devices. Basis of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements of Alphabet include the accounts of Alphabet and entities consolidated under the variable interest and voting models. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Unaudited Interim Financial Information These unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP), and in our opinion, include all adjustments of a normal recurring nature necessary for fair financial statement presentation. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2025. We have made estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. These consolidated financial statements and other information presented in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 filed with the SEC. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-09 "Income Taxes (Topics 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures" to expand the disclosure requirements for income taxes. Upon adoption we will be required to disclose additional specified categories in the rate reconciliation in both percentage and dollar amounts. We will also be required to disclose the amount of income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction, among other disclosure requirements. The standard is effective for our 2025 annual period and can be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. We are currently assessing the effect that the updated standard will have on our financial statement disclosures. In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03 "Income Statement: Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40)" to improve the disclosures about an entity’s expenses. Upon adoption, we will be required to disclose in the notes to the financial statements a disaggregation of certain expense categories included within the expense captions on the face of the income statement. The standard is effective for our 2027 annual period, and our interim periods beginning in 2028, with early adoption permitted. The standard can be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. We are currently assessing adoption timing and the effect that the updated standard will have on our financial statement disclosures. Prior Period Reclassifications Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform with current period presentation.

Revenues

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenues

Disaggregated Revenues

The following table presents revenues disaggregated by type (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Google Search & other	$	46,156	$	50,702
YouTube ads	8,090		8,927
Google Network	7,413		7,256
Google advertising	61,659		66,885
Google subscriptions, platforms, and devices	8,739		10,379
Google Services total	70,398		77,264
Google Cloud	9,574		12,260
Other Bets	495		450
Hedging gains (losses)	72		260
Total revenues	$	80,539	$	90,234

The following table presents revenues disaggregated by geography, based on the addresses of our customers (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024				2025
United States	$	38,737	48	%	$	43,964	49	%
EMEA(1)	23,788		30		25,923		29
APAC(1)	13,289		16		14,854		16
Other Americas(1)	4,653		6		5,233		6
Hedging gains (losses)	72		0		260		0
Total revenues	$	80,539	100	%	$	90,234	100	%

(1) Regions represent Europe, the Middle East, and Africa (EMEA); Asia-Pacific (APAC); and Canada and Latin America ("Other Americas").

Revenue Backlog

Deferred Revenues

Financial Instruments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Financial Instruments

Fair Value Measurements

Investments Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Cash, cash equivalents, and marketable equity securities are measured at fair value and classified within

The following tables summarize our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in millions):


		As of December 31, 2024
	Fair Value Hierarchy	Adjusted Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Cash and Cash Equivalents		Marketable Securities
Fair value changes recorded in other comprehensive income
Time deposits	Level 2	$	2,217	$	0	$	0	$	2,217	$	2,081	$	136
Government bonds	Level 2	27,551		83		(214)		27,420		50		27,370
Corporate debt securities	Level 2	18,300		79		(222)		18,157		0		18,157
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities	Level 2	14,437		63		(385)		14,115		0		14,115
Total investments with fair value change reflected in other comprehensive income(1)		62,505		225		(821)		61,909		2,131		59,778
Fair value adjustments recorded in net income
Money market funds	Level 1							8,154		8,154		0
Current marketable equity securities(2)	Level 1							4,708		0		4,708
Mutual funds	Level 2							105		0		105
Government bonds	Level 2							2,035		696		1,339
Corporate debt securities	Level 2							3,037		78		2,959
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities	Level 2							3,302		0		3,302
Total investments with fair value change recorded in net income								21,341		8,928		12,413
Cash								0		12,407		0
Total		$	62,505	$	225	$	(821)	$	83,250	$	23,466	$	72,191

(1)Represents gross unrealized gains and losses for debt securities recorded to accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI).

(2)The long-term portion of marketable equity securities (subject to long-term lock-up restrictions) of $266 million as of December 31, 2024 is included within other non-current assets.


		As of March 31, 2025
	Fair Value Hierarchy	Adjusted Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Cash and Cash Equivalents		Marketable Securities
Fair value changes recorded in other comprehensive income
Time deposits	Level 2	$	2,618	$	0	$	0	$	2,618	$	2,618	$	0
Government bonds	Level 2	28,459		329		(64)		28,724		1,403		27,321
Corporate debt securities	Level 2	18,133		138		(131)		18,140		0		18,140
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities	Level 2	14,072		103		(241)		13,934		0		13,934
Total investments with fair value change reflected in other comprehensive income(1)		63,282		570		(436)		63,416		4,021		59,395
Fair value adjustments recorded in net income
Money market funds	Level 1							8,662		8,662		0
Current marketable equity securities(2)	Level 1							4,744		0		4,744
Mutual funds	Level 2							54		0		54
Government bonds	Level 2							1,975		576		1,399
Corporate debt securities	Level 2							2,993		60		2,933
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities	Level 2							3,539		0		3,539
Total investments with fair value change recorded in net income								21,967		9,298		12,669
Cash								0		9,945		0
Total		$	63,282	$	570	$	(436)	$	85,383	$	23,264	$	72,064

(1)Represents gross unrealized gains and losses for debt securities recorded to AOCI.

(2)The long-term portion of marketable equity securities (subject to long-term lock-up restrictions) of $376 million as of March 31, 2025 is included within other non-current assets.

Investments Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

Debt Securities

The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of investments in available-for-sale marketable debt securities by effective contractual maturity dates (in millions):


	As of March 31, 2025
Due in 1 year or less	$	5,151
Due in 1 year through 5 years	37,361
Due in 5 years through 10 years	11,803
Due after 10 years	12,951
Total	$	67,266


	As of December 31, 2024
	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Greater				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
Government bonds	$	11,119	$	(126)	$	2,576	$	(88)	$	13,695	$	(214)
Corporate debt securities	4,228		(17)		6,838		(168)		11,066		(185)
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities	5,222		(106)		3,813		(279)		9,035		(385)
Total	$	20,569	$	(249)	$	13,227	$	(535)	$	33,796	$	(784)


	As of March 31, 2025
	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Greater				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
Government bonds	$	3,361	$	(28)	$	1,486	$	(36)	$	4,847	$	(64)
Corporate debt securities	2,158		(1)		5,301		(106)		7,459		(107)
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities	3,155		(46)		3,123		(195)		6,278		(241)
Total	$	8,674	$	(75)	$	9,910	$	(337)	$	18,584	$	(412)


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Unrealized gain (loss) on fair value option debt securities	$	(46)	$	97
Gross realized gain on debt securities	68		266
Gross realized loss on debt securities	(480)		(175)
(Increase) decrease in allowance for credit losses	(4)		14
Total gain (loss) on debt securities recognized in other income (expense), net	$	(462)	$	202

Equity Investments

The carrying values for marketable and non-marketable equity securities are summarized below (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024						As of March 31, 2025
	Marketable Equity Securities		Non-Marketable Equity Securities		Total		Marketable Equity Securities		Non-Marketable Equity Securities		Total
Total initial cost	$	4,767	$	21,240	$	26,007	$	4,640	$	24,926	$	29,566
Cumulative net gain (loss)(1)	312		14,291		14,603		534		23,703		24,237
Carrying value	$	5,079	$	35,531	$	40,610	$	5,174	$	48,629	$	53,803

Gains and Losses on Marketable and Non-marketable Equity Securities

Gains and losses (including impairments), net, for marketable and non-marketable equity securities included in OI&E are summarized below (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Realized net gain (loss) on equity securities sold during the period	$	95	$	215
Unrealized net gain (loss) on marketable equity securities	164		227
Unrealized net gain (loss) on non-marketable equity securities(1)	1,984		9,316
Total gain (loss) on equity securities in other income (expense), net	$	2,243	$	9,758


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
	2024		2025
Total sale price	$	1,090	$	753
Total initial cost	661		592
Cumulative net gains (losses)	$	429	$	161

Equity Securities Accounted for Under the Equity Method

Convertible Notes

Derivative Financial Instruments

Cash Flow Hedges

Fair Value Hedges

Net Investment Hedges

Other Derivatives

The gross notional amounts of outstanding derivative instruments were as follows (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts
Cash flow hedges	$	20,315	$	20,624
Fair value hedges	$	1,562	$	0
Net investment hedges	$	6,986	$	6,695
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts	$	44,227	$	40,612
Other contracts	$	15,082	$	12,549

The fair values of outstanding derivative instruments were as follows (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024				As of March 31, 2025
	Assets(1)		Liabilities(2)		Assets(1)		Liabilities(2)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts	$	1,054	$	0	$	236	$	370

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts	200		593		320		110
Other contracts	474		19		142		9
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments	674		612		462		119
Total	$	1,728	$	612	$	698	$	489

(1) Derivative assets are recorded as other current and non-current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(2) Derivative liabilities are recorded as accrued expenses and other liabilities, current and non-current in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The gains (losses) on derivatives in cash flow hedging and net investment hedging relationships recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI) are summarized below (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationship:
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount included in the assessment of effectiveness	$	155	$	(339)
Amount excluded from the assessment of effectiveness	58		(61)

Derivatives in net investment hedging relationship:
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount included in the assessment of effectiveness	82		(206)
Total	$	295	$	(606)

The table below presents the gains (losses) of derivatives included in the Consolidated Statements of Income: (in millions):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024				2025
	Revenues		Other income (expense), net		Revenues		Other income (expense), net
Total amounts included in the Consolidated Statements of Income	$	80,539	$	2,843	$	90,234	$	11,183

Effect of cash flow hedges:
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount reclassified from AOCI to income	$	74	$	0	$	242	$	0
Amount excluded from the assessment of effectiveness (amortized)	(2)		0		18		0
Effect of fair value hedges:
Foreign exchange contracts
Hedged items	0		(16)		0		(9)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	0		15		0		9
Amount excluded from the assessment of effectiveness	0		3		0		1
Effect of net investment hedges:
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount excluded from the assessment of effectiveness	0		36		0		31
Effect of non designated hedges:
Foreign exchange contracts	0		21		0		65
Other contracts	0		76		0		(71)
Total gains (losses)	$	72	$	135	$	260	$	26

Offsetting of Derivatives


	As of December 31, 2024
							Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, but Have Legal Rights to Offset
	Gross Amounts Recognized		Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Net Amounts Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Financial Instruments(1)		Cash and Non-Cash Collateral Received or Pledged		Net Amounts
Derivatives assets	$	1,776	$	(48)	$	1,728	$	(516)	$	(721)	$	491
Derivatives liabilities	$	660	$	(48)	$	612	$	(516)	$	(9)	$	87


	As of March 31, 2025
							Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, but Have Legal Rights to Offset
	Gross Amounts Recognized		Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Net Amounts Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Financial Instruments(1)		Cash and Non-Cash Collateral Received or Pledged		Net Amounts
Derivatives assets	$	798	$	(100)	$	698	$	(301)	$	(242)	$	155
Derivatives liabilities	$	589	$	(100)	$	489	$	(301)	$	(3)	$	185

(1)The balances as of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025 were related to derivatives allowed to be net settled in accordance with our master netting agreements.

Leases

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

We have entered into operating and finance lease agreements primarily for data centers, land, and offices throughout the world with varying lease terms.

Components of lease costs were as follows (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Operating lease cost	$	804	$	790
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of lease assets	83		96
Interest on lease liabilities	7		15
Finance lease cost	90		111
Variable lease cost	343		360
Total lease cost	$	1,237	$	1,261

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Weighted average remaining lease term
Operating leases	7.8 years		7.9 years
Finance leases	10.4 years		10.2 years
Weighted average discount rate
Operating leases	3.4	%	3.5	%
Finance leases	2.8	%	3.3	%


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Operating leases:
Operating lease assets	$	13,588	$	13,722
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	$	2,887	$	2,873
Operating lease liabilities	11,691		11,678
Total operating lease liabilities	$	14,578	$	14,551
Finance Leases:
Property and equipment, at cost	$	4,622	$	5,219
Accumulated depreciation	(2,037)		(2,125)
Property and equipment, net	$	2,585	$	3,094
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	$	235	$	100
Other long-term liabilities	1,442		1,961
Total finance lease liabilities	$	1,677	$	2,061

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Cash payments for lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows used for operating leases	$	842	$	878
Operating cash flows used for finance leases	$	7	$	15
Financing cash flows used for finance leases(1)	$	90	$	192
Assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities:
Operating leases	$	404	$	697
Finance leases	$	19	$	523

(1)Financing cash flows used for financing leases are included within financing activities of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as repayments of debt.

Future lease payments as of March 31, 2025 were as follows (in millions):


	Operating Leases		Finance Leases
Remainder of 2025	$	2,377	$	224
2026	2,947		268
2027	2,425		270
2028	1,938		258
2029	1,536		232
Thereafter	5,741		1,254
Total future lease payments	16,964		2,506
Less imputed interest	(2,413)		(445)
Total lease liability balance	$	14,551	$	2,061

Leases

We have entered into operating and finance lease agreements primarily for data centers, land, and offices throughout the world with varying lease terms.

Components of lease costs were as follows (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Operating lease cost	$	804	$	790
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of lease assets	83		96
Interest on lease liabilities	7		15
Finance lease cost	90		111
Variable lease cost	343		360
Total lease cost	$	1,237	$	1,261

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Weighted average remaining lease term
Operating leases	7.8 years		7.9 years
Finance leases	10.4 years		10.2 years
Weighted average discount rate
Operating leases	3.4	%	3.5	%
Finance leases	2.8	%	3.3	%


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Operating leases:
Operating lease assets	$	13,588	$	13,722
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	$	2,887	$	2,873
Operating lease liabilities	11,691		11,678
Total operating lease liabilities	$	14,578	$	14,551
Finance Leases:
Property and equipment, at cost	$	4,622	$	5,219
Accumulated depreciation	(2,037)		(2,125)
Property and equipment, net	$	2,585	$	3,094
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	$	235	$	100
Other long-term liabilities	1,442		1,961
Total finance lease liabilities	$	1,677	$	2,061

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Cash payments for lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows used for operating leases	$	842	$	878
Operating cash flows used for finance leases	$	7	$	15
Financing cash flows used for finance leases(1)	$	90	$	192
Assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities:
Operating leases	$	404	$	697
Finance leases	$	19	$	523

(1)Financing cash flows used for financing leases are included within financing activities of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as repayments of debt.

Future lease payments as of March 31, 2025 were as follows (in millions):


	Operating Leases		Finance Leases
Remainder of 2025	$	2,377	$	224
2026	2,947		268
2027	2,425		270
2028	1,938		258
2029	1,536		232
Thereafter	5,741		1,254
Total future lease payments	16,964		2,506
Less imputed interest	(2,413)		(445)
Total lease liability balance	$	14,551	$	2,061

Variable Interest Entities	3 Months Ended
Variable Interest Entities	Mar. 31, 2025
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Variable Interest Entities	Variable Interest Entities Consolidated VIEs We consolidate VIEs in which we hold a variable interest and are the primary beneficiary. The results of operations and financial position of these VIEs are included in our consolidated financial statements. For certain consolidated VIEs, their assets are not available to us, and their creditors do not have recourse to us. As of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, assets that can only be used to settle obligations of these VIEs were $8.7 billion and $7.8 billion, respectively, and are primarily included in cash and cash equivalents on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, liabilities for which creditors only have recourse to the VIEs were $2.3 billion and $2.0 billion, respectively. We may continue to fund ongoing operations of certain VIEs that are included within Other Bets. As of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, total noncontrolling interests (NCI) in our consolidated subsidiaries were $4.2 billion and $4.4 billion, respectively, of which $1.1 billion was redeemable noncontrolling interests (RNCI) in each period. NCI and RNCI are included within additional paid-in capital. Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests was not material for any period presented and is included within the "other" component of OI&E. See Note 7 for further details on OI&E. Unconsolidated VIEs We have investments in VIEs in which we are not the primary beneficiary. These VIEs include private companies that are primarily early stage companies and certain renewable energy entities in which activities involve power generation using renewable sources. We have determined that the governance structures of these entities do not allow us to direct the activities that would significantly affect their economic performance. Therefore, we are not the primary beneficiary, and the results of operations and financial position of these VIEs are not included in our consolidated financial statements. We account for these investments primarily as non-marketable equity securities or equity method investments, which are included within non-marketable securities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The maximum exposure of these unconsolidated VIEs is generally based on the current carrying value of the investments and any future funding commitments. As of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, our future funding commitments related to unconsolidated VIE investments were $1.5 billion in each period.

Debt

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt

Short-Term Debt

Our short-term debt balance also includes the current portion of certain long-term debt.

Long-Term Debt

Total outstanding long-term debt is summarized below (in millions, except percentages):


	Maturity	Coupon Rate	Effective Interest Rate	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Debt
2016 Notes issuance	2026	2.00%	2.23%	$	2,000	$	2,000
2020 Notes issuance	2025 - 2060	0.45% - 2.25%	0.57% - 2.33%	10,000		10,000
Total face value of long-term debt				12,000		12,000
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs				(118)		(114)
Less: Current portion of long-term notes(1)				(999)		(1,000)
Total long-term debt				$	10,883	$	10,886

(1)Total current portion of long-term debt is included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities. See Note 7 for further details.

Credit Facility

Supplemental Financial Statement Information

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Balance Sheet Components Disclosure [Abstract]

Supplemental Financial Statement Information

Accounts Receivable

The allowance for credit losses on accounts receivable was $879 million and $915 million as of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, respectively.

Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment, net, consisted of the following (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Technical infrastructure(1)	$	139,596	$	150,992
Office space	43,714		44,871
Corporate and other assets	16,519		17,336
Property and equipment, in service	199,829		213,199
Less: accumulated depreciation	(79,390)		(83,778)
Add: assets not yet in service	50,597		55,641
Property and equipment, net	$	171,036	$	185,062

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Accrued purchases of property and equipment(1)	$	7,104	$	7,552
European Commission fines(2)	6,322		6,534
Accrued customer liabilities	4,304		4,163
Payables to brokers for unsettled investment trades	3,866		4,889
Income taxes payable, net	2,905		9,160
Other accrued expenses and current liabilities	26,727		26,002
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	51,228	$	58,300

(1) Additional property and equipment purchases of $3.2 billion and $3.8 billion as of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, respectively, were included in accounts payable.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Components of AOCI, net of income tax, were as follows (in millions):


	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Investments		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Cash Flow Hedges		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2023	$	(3,407)	$	(965)	$	(30)	$	(4,402)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(503)		(360)		128		(735)
Amounts excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness recorded in AOCI	0		0		58		58
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	0		311		(71)		240
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(503)		(49)		115		(437)
Balance as of March 31, 2024	$	(3,910)	$	(1,014)	$	85	$	(4,839)


	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Investments		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Cash Flow Hedges		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2024	$	(5,080)	$	(299)	$	579	$	(4,800)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	663		645		(252)		1,056
Amounts excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness recorded in AOCI	0		0		(61)		(61)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	0		(84)		(197)		(281)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	663		561		(510)		714
Balance as of March 31, 2025	$	(4,417)	$	262	$	69	$	(4,086)

The effects on net income of amounts reclassified from AOCI were as follows (in millions):


		Three Months Ended
		March 31,
AOCI Components	Location	2024		2025
Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale investments
	Other income (expense), net	$	(399)	$	104
	Benefit (provision) for income taxes	88		(20)
	Net of income tax	(311)		84
Unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges
Foreign exchange contracts	Revenue	74		242
Interest rate contracts	Other income (expense), net	1		0
	Benefit (provision) for income taxes	(4)		(45)
	Net of income tax	71		197
Total amount reclassified, net of income tax		$	(240)	$	281

Other Income (Expense), Net

Components of OI&E were as follows (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Interest income	$	1,061	$	1,001
Interest expense(1)	(94)		(34)
Foreign currency exchange gain (loss), net	(238)		(106)
Gain (loss) on debt securities, net	(462)		202
Gain (loss) on equity securities, net	2,243		9,758
Performance fees	104		(40)
Income (loss) and impairment from equity method investments, net	(26)		(22)
Other	255		424
Other income (expense), net	$	2,843	$	11,183

(1)Interest expense is net of interest capitalized of $43 million and $79 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2025, respectively.

Acquisitions	3 Months Ended
Acquisitions	Mar. 31, 2025
Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]
Acquisitions	Acquisitions Pending Acquisition In March 2025, we entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Wiz, a leading cloud security platform, for $32.0 billion, subject to closing adjustments, in an all-cash transaction. The acquisition of Wiz is expected to close in 2026, subject to customary closing conditions, including the receipt of regulatory approvals. Upon the close of the acquisition, Wiz will be part of the Google Cloud segment.

Goodwill

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were as follows (in millions):


	Google Services		Google Cloud		Other Bets		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2024	$	23,521	$	7,490	$	874	$	31,885
Additions	289		0		0		289
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments	(2)		0		1		(1)
Balance as of March 31, 2025	$	23,808	$	7,490	$	875	$	32,173

Commitments and Contingencies	3 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies	Mar. 31, 2025
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Commitments and Contingencies Commitments We have content licensing agreements with future fixed or minimum guaranteed commitments of $8.6 billion as of March 31, 2025, of which the majority is paid quarterly through the first quarter of 2030. Indemnifications In the normal course of business, including to facilitate transactions in our services and products and corporate activities, we indemnify certain parties, including advertisers, Google Network partners, distribution partners, customers of Google Cloud offerings, lessors, and service providers with respect to certain matters. We have agreed to defend and/or indemnify certain parties against losses arising from a breach of representations or covenants, or out of intellectual property infringement or other claims made against certain parties. Several of these agreements limit the time within which an indemnification claim can be made and the amount of the claim. In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with our officers and directors, and our bylaws contain similar indemnification obligations to our agents. It is not possible to make a reasonable estimate of the maximum potential amount under these indemnification agreements due to the unique facts and circumstances involved in each particular agreement. Additionally, the payments we have made under such agreements have not had a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows, or financial position. However, to the extent that valid indemnification claims arise in the future, future payments by us could be significant and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or cash flows in a particular period. As of March 31, 2025, we did not have any material indemnification claims that were probable or reasonably possible. Legal Matters We record a liability when we believe that it is probable that a loss has been incurred, and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If we determine that a loss is reasonably possible and the loss or range of loss can be estimated, we disclose the reasonably possible loss. We evaluate developments in our legal matters that could affect the amount of liability that has been previously accrued, and the matters and related reasonably possible losses disclosed, and make adjustments as appropriate. Certain outstanding matters seek speculative, substantial or indeterminate monetary amounts, substantial changes to our business practices and products, or structural remedies. Significant judgment is required to determine both the likelihood of there being a loss and the estimated amount of a loss related to such matters, and we may be unable to estimate the reasonably possible loss or range of losses. The outcomes of outstanding legal matters are inherently unpredictable and subject to significant uncertainties, and could, either individually or in aggregate, have a material adverse effect. We expense legal fees in the period in which they are incurred. Antitrust Matters We are subject to formal and informal inquiries and investigations as well as litigation on various competition matters by regulatory authorities and private parties in the U.S., Europe, and other jurisdictions globally, including the following: •Shopping: In June 2017, the EC announced its decision that certain actions taken by Google relating to its display and ranking of shopping search results and ads infringed European antitrust laws and imposed a €2.4 billion fine. In 2024, we made a cash payment of $3.0 billion for the fine. •Android: In July 2018, the EC announced its decision that certain provisions in Google’s Android-related distribution agreements infringed European antitrust laws, imposed a €4.3 billion fine, and directed the termination of the conduct at issue. We appealed the EC decision and implemented changes to certain of our Android distribution practices. In September 2022, the General Court affirmed the EC decision but reduced the fine from €4.3 billion to €4.1 billion. We subsequently appealed the General Court's affirmation of the EC decision with the European Court of Justice, which remains pending. In 2018, we recognized a charge of $5.1 billion for the fine, which we reduced by $217 million in 2022. •AdSense for Search: In March 2019, the EC announced its decision that certain provisions in Google's agreements with AdSense for Search partners infringed European antitrust laws, imposed a fine of €1.5 billion, and directed actions related to AdSense for Search partners' agreements, which we implemented prior to the decision. In 2019, we recognized a charge of $1.7 billion for the fine and appealed the EC decision. In September 2024, the General Court overturned the EC decision and annulled the €1.5 billion fine. The EC has appealed the General Court's decision with the European Court of Justice. •Search: In October 2020, the DOJ and a number of state Attorneys General filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia alleging that Google violated U.S. antitrust laws relating to Search and Search advertising. In August 2024, the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia ruled that Google violated such U.S. antitrust laws. A separate proceeding is being held to determine remedies, the range of which vary widely. The DOJ has proposed a high level remedy framework, which includes alterations to our products and services and our business models and operations, including structural remedies, and/or our distribution arrangements, among other changes, some of which could have a material adverse effect on our business. We have filed our own remedies proposal ahead of a hearing on remedies in April 2025. We expect a decision likely in the second half of 2025, after which we intend to appeal. Further, in June 2022, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission and in October 2023, the Japanese Fair Trade Commission (JFTC) each opened an investigation into Search distribution practices. In April 2025, the JFTC issued a cease-and-desist order requiring us to make changes to our Android agreements to ensure they are consistent with Japanese antitrust law. The JFTC did not impose monetary penalties. We are constructively engaging with JFTC regarding compliance with the order. Given the nature of these matters, we cannot estimate a possible loss. •Advertising Technology: In December 2020, a number of state Attorneys General filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas alleging that Google violated U.S. antitrust laws as well as state deceptive trade laws relating to its advertising technology, and a trial is scheduled for August 2025. Additionally, in January 2023, the DOJ, along with a number of state Attorneys General, filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia alleging that Google violated U.S. antitrust laws relating to its advertising technology, and a number of additional state Attorneys General subsequently joined the lawsuit. In April 2025, the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia issued a mixed decision in the DOJ case against Google, ruling that the DOJ failed to show that Google’s advertiser tools or acquisitions of DoubleClick and AdMeld were anticompetitive, but that Google’s publisher tools violated antitrust laws by excluding rivals. We plan to appeal the adverse portion of this decision. Further, in June 2023, the EC issued a Statement of Objections informing Google of its preliminary view that Google violated European antitrust laws relating to its advertising technology, to which we responded. In September 2024, the UK also issued a Statement of Objections on similar grounds, to which we responded. Given the nature of these matters, we cannot estimate a possible loss. •Google Play: In July 2021, a number of state Attorneys General filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California alleging that Google’s operation of Android and Google Play violated U.S. antitrust laws and state antitrust and consumer protection laws. In September 2023, we reached a settlement in principle with 50 state Attorneys General and three territories and recognized a charge. Final approval of the settlement remains pending before the court. In May 2024, we funded the settlement amount to an escrow agent. In December 2023, a California jury delivered a verdict in Epic Games v. Google finding that Google violated U.S. antitrust laws related to Google Play's business. Epic did not seek monetary damages. The presiding judge issued a remedies decision in October 2024, ordering a variety of alterations to our business models and operations and contractual agreements for Android and Google Play. We are appealing the verdict and the trial court judge temporarily paused the implementation of the remedies while the Court of Appeals considers our request to pause implementation of the remedies pending the duration of the appeal. Given the nature of this matter, we cannot estimate a possible loss. •European Digital Markets Act: In March 2024, the EC opened two investigations regarding Google's compliance with certain provisions of EU's Digital Markets Act relating to Google Play and Search. In March 2025, the EC issued preliminary findings of non-compliance in both investigations, to which we plan to respond in the coming weeks. Given the preliminary stages of this matter, we cannot estimate a possible loss. In addition to these antitrust proceedings, private individual and collective actions that overlap with claims pursued by regulatory authorities are pending in the U.S. and in several other jurisdictions, including across Europe. Given the nature of these matters, we cannot estimate a possible loss. We believe we have strong arguments against these open claims and will defend ourselves vigorously. We continue to cooperate with federal and state regulators in the U.S., the EC, and other regulators around the world. Privacy Matters We are subject to a number of privacy-related laws and regulations, and we currently are party to a number of privacy investigations and lawsuits ongoing in multiple jurisdictions. For example, there are ongoing investigations and litigation in the U.S. and the EU, including those relating to our collection and use of location information, alleged violations of state biometric statutes, the choices we offer users, and advertising practices, which could result in significant fines, judgments, and product changes. Patent and Intellectual Property Claims We have had patent, copyright, trade secret, and trademark infringement lawsuits filed against us claiming that certain of our products, services, and technologies infringe others' intellectual property rights. Adverse results in these lawsuits may include awards of substantial monetary damages, costly royalty or licensing agreements, or orders preventing us from offering certain features, functionalities, products, or services. As a result, we may have to change our business practices and develop non-infringing products or technologies, which could result in a loss of revenues for us and otherwise harm our business. In addition, the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) has increasingly become an important forum to litigate intellectual property disputes because an ultimate loss in an ITC action can result in a prohibition on importing infringing products into the U.S. Because the U.S. is an important market, a prohibition on importation could have an adverse effect on us, including preventing us from importing many important products into the U.S. or necessitating workarounds that may limit certain features of our products. Further, our customers and partners may discontinue the use of our products, services, and technologies, as a result of injunctions or otherwise, which could result in loss of revenues and adversely affect our business. Other We are subject to claims, lawsuits, regulatory and government inquiries and investigations, other proceedings, and consent orders involving competition, intellectual property, data privacy and security, tax and related compliance, labor and employment, commercial disputes, content generated by our users, goods and services offered by advertisers or publishers using our platforms, personal injury, consumer protection, and other matters. For example, we periodically have data incidents that we report to relevant regulators as required by law. Such claims, consent orders, lawsuits, regulatory and government investigations, and other proceedings could result in substantial fines and penalties, injunctive relief, ongoing monitoring and auditing obligations, changes to our products and services, alterations to our business models and operations, and collateral related civil litigation or other adverse consequences, all of which could harm our business, reputation, financial condition, and operating results. We have ongoing legal matters relating to Russia. For example, some matters concern civil judgments that include compounding penalties imposed upon us in connection with disputes regarding the termination of accounts, including those of sanctioned parties. We do not expect these ongoing legal matters will have a material adverse effect. Non-Income Taxes We are under audit by various domestic and foreign tax authorities with regards to non-income tax matters. The subject matter of non-income tax audits primarily arises from disputes on the tax treatment and tax rate applied to the sale of our products and services in these jurisdictions and the tax treatment of certain employee benefits. We accrue non-income taxes that may result from examinations by, or any negotiated agreements with, these tax authorities when a loss is probable and reasonably estimable. If we determine that a loss is reasonably possible and the loss or range of loss can be estimated, we disclose the reasonably possible loss. Due to the inherent complexity and uncertainty of these matters and judicial process in certain jurisdictions, the final outcome may be materially different from our expectations. See Note 14 for information regarding income tax contingencies.

Stockholders' Equity

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Equity [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

Share Repurchases

The following table presents Class A and Class C shares repurchased and subsequently retired (in millions):


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
	Shares	Amount
Class A share repurchases	15	$	2,766
Class C share repurchases	68	12,535
Total share repurchases(1)	83	$	15,301

(1) Shares repurchased include unsettled repurchases.

Dividends

In the three months ended March 31, 2025, total cash dividends were $1.2 billion, $171 million, and $1.1 billion for Class A, Class B, and Class C shares, respectively.

The company intends to pay quarterly cash dividends in the future, subject to review and approval by the company’s Board of Directors in its sole discretion.

Net Income Per Share

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Income Per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share of Class A, Class B, and Class C stock (in millions, except per share amounts):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024								2025
	Class A		Class B		Class C		Consolidated		Class A		Class B		Class C		Consolidated
Basic net income per share:
Numerator
Allocation of distributed earnings (cash dividends paid)	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	1,167	$	171	$	1,096	$	2,434
Allocation of undistributed earnings	11,213		1,656		10,793		23,662		15,367		2,264		14,475		32,106
Net income	$	11,213	$	1,656	$	10,793	$	23,662	$	16,534	$	2,435	$	15,571	$	34,540
Denominator
Number of shares used in per share computation	5,883		869		5,663		12,415		5,831		859		5,493		12,183
Basic net income per share	$	1.91	$	1.91	$	1.91	$	1.91	$	2.84	$	2.83	$	2.83	$	2.84
Diluted net income per share:
Numerator
Allocation of total earnings for basic computation	$	11,213	$	1,656	$	10,793	$	23,662	$	16,534	$	2,435	$	15,571	$	34,540
Reallocation of total earnings as a result of conversion of Class B to Class A shares	1,656		0		0		_(1)		2,435		0		0		_(1)
Reallocation of undistributed earnings	(115)		(15)		115		_(1)		(156)		(20)		156		_(1)
Net income	$	12,754	$	1,641	$	10,908	$	23,662	$	18,813	$	2,415	$	15,727	34,540
Denominator
Number of shares used in basic computation	5,883		869		5,663		12,415		5,831		859		5,493		12,183
Weighted-average effect of dilutive securities
Add:
Conversion of Class B to Class A shares outstanding	869		0		0		_(1)		859		0		0		_(1)
Restricted stock units and other contingently issuable shares	0		0		112		112		0		0		108		108
Number of shares used in per share computation	6,752		869		5,775		12,527		6,690		859		5,601		12,291
Diluted net income per share	$	1.89	$	1.89	$	1.89	$	1.89	$	2.81	$	2.81	$	2.81	$	2.81

(1)Not applicable for consolidated net income per share.

Compensation Plans

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Equity [Abstract]

Compensation Plans

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Award Activities


	Number of Shares	Weighted- Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Unvested as of December 31, 2024	299	$	122.77
Granted	135	$	176.15
Vested	(44)	$	124.19
Forfeited/canceled	(6)	$	127.79
Unvested as of March 31, 2025	384	$	141.29

As of March 31, 2025, there was $52.5 billion of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested RSUs. This amount is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.9 years.

Income Taxes

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

The following table presents provision for income taxes (in millions, except for effective tax rate):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024			2025
Income before provision for income taxes	$	28,315		$	41,789
Provision for income taxes	$	4,653		$	7,249
Effective tax rate	16.4		%	17.3		%

Information about Segments and Geographic Areas

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Information about Segments and Geographic Areas

We report our segment results as Google Services, Google Cloud, and Other Bets:

The following table presents revenue, profitability, and expense information about our segments (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Revenues:
Google Services	$	70,398	$	77,264
Google Cloud	9,574		12,260
Other Bets	495		450
Hedging gains (losses)	72		260
Total revenues	$	80,539	$	90,234
Operating income (loss):
Google Services	$	27,897	$	32,682
Google Cloud	900		2,177
Other Bets	(1,020)		(1,226)
Alphabet-level activities	(2,305)		(3,027)
Total income from operations	$	25,472	$	30,606
Supplemental information about segment expenses:
Google Services:
Employee compensation expenses	$	11,511	$	11,337
Other costs and expenses	30,990		33,245
Total Google Services costs and expenses	$	42,501	$	44,582
Google Cloud:
Employee compensation expenses	$	5,157	$	5,412
Other costs and expenses	3,517		4,671
Total Google Cloud costs and expenses	$	8,674	$	10,083

See Note 2 for information relating to revenues by geography.

The following table presents long-lived assets by geographic area, which includes property and equipment, net and operating lease assets (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Long-lived assets:
United States	$	138,993	$	149,304
International	45,631		49,480
Total long-lived assets	$	184,624	$	198,784

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net income	$ 34,540	$ 23,662

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Mar. 31, 2025
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	3 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	Mar. 31, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Nature of Operations	Nature of Operations Google was incorporated in California in September 1998 and re-incorporated in the State of Delaware in August 2003. In 2015, we implemented a holding company reorganization, and as a result, Alphabet Inc. ("Alphabet") became the successor issuer to Google. We generate revenues by delivering relevant, cost-effective online advertising; cloud-based solutions that provide enterprise customers of all sizes with infrastructure, platform services, and applications; sales of other products and services, such as fees received for subscription-based products, apps and in-app purchases, and devices.
Basis of Consolidation	Basis of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements of Alphabet include the accounts of Alphabet and entities consolidated under the variable interest and voting models. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
Unaudited Interim Financial Information	Unaudited Interim Financial Information These unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP), and in our opinion, include all adjustments of a normal recurring nature necessary for fair financial statement presentation. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2025. We have made estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. These consolidated financial statements and other information presented in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 filed with the SEC.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted	Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-09 "Income Taxes (Topics 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures" to expand the disclosure requirements for income taxes. Upon adoption we will be required to disclose additional specified categories in the rate reconciliation in both percentage and dollar amounts. We will also be required to disclose the amount of income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction, among other disclosure requirements. The standard is effective for our 2025 annual period and can be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. We are currently assessing the effect that the updated standard will have on our financial statement disclosures. In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03 "Income Statement: Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40)" to improve the disclosures about an entity’s expenses. Upon adoption, we will be required to disclose in the notes to the financial statements a disaggregation of certain expense categories included within the expense captions on the face of the income statement. The standard is effective for our 2027 annual period, and our interim periods beginning in 2028, with early adoption permitted. The standard can be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. We are currently assessing adoption timing and the effect that the updated standard will have on our financial statement disclosures.
Prior Period Reclassifications	Prior Period Reclassifications Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform with current period presentation.
Revenue Backlog and Deferred Revenues	Revenue Backlog As of March 31, 2025, we had $92.4 billion of remaining performance obligations (“revenue backlog”), primarily related to Google Cloud. Revenue backlog represents commitments in customer contracts for future services that have not yet been recognized as revenue. We expect to recognize approximately 55% of the revenue backlog as revenues over the next 24 months with the remainder to be recognized thereafter. The estimated revenue backlog and timing of revenue recognition for these commitments is largely driven by our ability to deliver in accordance with relevant contract terms and when our customers utilize services. Revenue backlog includes related deferred revenue currently recorded as well as amounts that will be invoiced in future periods, and excludes contracts with an original expected term of one year or less and cancellable contracts. Deferred Revenues We record deferred revenues when cash payments are received or due in advance of our performance, including amounts which are refundable. Deferred revenues primarily relate to Google Cloud and Google subscriptions, platforms, and devices.
Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments	Cash, cash equivalents, and marketable equity securities are measured at fair value and classified within Level 1 and Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy, because we use quoted prices for identical assets in active markets or inputs that are based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets. Debt securities are measured at fair value and classified within Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy, because we use quoted market prices to the extent available or alternative pricing sources and models utilizing market observable inputs to determine fair value. For certain marketable debt securities, we have elected the fair value option for which changes in fair value are recorded in OI&E. The fair value option was elected for these securities to align with the unrealized gains and losses from related derivative contracts. The carrying value of equity securities is measured as the total initial cost plus the cumulative net gain (loss). Gains and losses, including impairments, are included as a component of OI&E in the Consolidated Statements of Income. See Note 7 for further details on OI&E.Our share of gains and losses, including impairments, are included as a component of OI&E, in the Consolidated Statements of Income. See Note 7 for further details on OI&E. Certain of our equity method securities include our investments in VIEs where we are not the primary beneficiary.
Consolidated VIEs	Consolidated VIEs We consolidate VIEs in which we hold a variable interest and are the primary beneficiary. The results of operations and financial position of these VIEs are included in our consolidated financial statements.
Segment Reporting	We report our segment results as Google Services, Google Cloud, and Other Bets: •Google Services includes products and services such as ads, Android, Chrome, devices, Google Maps, Google Play, Search, and YouTube. Google Services generates revenues primarily from advertising; fees received for consumer subscription-based products such as YouTube TV, YouTube Music and Premium, and NFL Sunday Ticket, as well as Google One; the sale of apps and in-app purchases; and devices. •Google Cloud includes infrastructure and platform services, applications, and other services for enterprise customers. Google Cloud generates revenues primarily from consumption-based fees and subscriptions received for Google Cloud Platform services, Google Workspace communication and collaboration tools, and other enterprise services. •Other Bets is a combination of multiple operating segments that are not individually material. Revenues from Other Bets are generated primarily from the sale of healthcare-related services and internet services. Revenues, certain costs, such as costs associated with content and traffic acquisition, certain engineering activities, and devices, as well as certain operating expenses are directly attributable to our segments. Due to the integrated nature of Alphabet, other costs and expenses, such as technical infrastructure and office facilities, are managed centrally at a consolidated level. These costs, including the associated depreciation, are allocated to operating segments as a service cost generally based on usage, headcount, or revenue. Certain costs are not allocated to our segments because they represent Alphabet-level activities. These costs primarily include certain AI-focused shared R&D activities, including development costs of our general AI models; corporate initiatives such as our philanthropic activities; corporate shared costs such as certain finance, human resource, and legal costs, including certain fines and settlements. Charges associated with employee severance and office space reductions are also not allocated to our segments. Additionally, hedging gains (losses) related to revenue are not allocated to our segments. Our Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) is our Chief Executive Officer, Sundar Pichai. Our CODM uses segment operating income (loss) to allocate resources to our segments in our annual planning process and to assess the performance of our segments, primarily by monitoring actual results versus the annual plan. Our operating segments are not evaluated using asset information.

Revenues (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Schedule of revenue by revenue source

The following table presents revenues disaggregated by type (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Google Search & other	$	46,156	$	50,702
YouTube ads	8,090		8,927
Google Network	7,413		7,256
Google advertising	61,659		66,885
Google subscriptions, platforms, and devices	8,739		10,379
Google Services total	70,398		77,264
Google Cloud	9,574		12,260
Other Bets	495		450
Hedging gains (losses)	72		260
Total revenues	$	80,539	$	90,234

Schedule of revenue by geographic area

The following table presents revenues disaggregated by geography, based on the addresses of our customers (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024				2025
United States	$	38,737	48	%	$	43,964	49	%
EMEA(1)	23,788		30		25,923		29
APAC(1)	13,289		16		14,854		16
Other Americas(1)	4,653		6		5,233		6
Hedging gains (losses)	72		0		260		0
Total revenues	$	80,539	100	%	$	90,234	100	%

(1) Regions represent Europe, the Middle East, and Africa (EMEA); Asia-Pacific (APAC); and Canada and Latin America ("Other Americas").

Financial Instruments (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Marketable equity securities

The following tables summarize our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in millions):


		As of December 31, 2024
	Fair Value Hierarchy	Adjusted Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Cash and Cash Equivalents		Marketable Securities
Fair value changes recorded in other comprehensive income
Time deposits	Level 2	$	2,217	$	0	$	0	$	2,217	$	2,081	$	136
Government bonds	Level 2	27,551		83		(214)		27,420		50		27,370
Corporate debt securities	Level 2	18,300		79		(222)		18,157		0		18,157
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities	Level 2	14,437		63		(385)		14,115		0		14,115
Total investments with fair value change reflected in other comprehensive income(1)		62,505		225		(821)		61,909		2,131		59,778
Fair value adjustments recorded in net income
Money market funds	Level 1							8,154		8,154		0
Current marketable equity securities(2)	Level 1							4,708		0		4,708
Mutual funds	Level 2							105		0		105
Government bonds	Level 2							2,035		696		1,339
Corporate debt securities	Level 2							3,037		78		2,959
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities	Level 2							3,302		0		3,302
Total investments with fair value change recorded in net income								21,341		8,928		12,413
Cash								0		12,407		0
Total		$	62,505	$	225	$	(821)	$	83,250	$	23,466	$	72,191

(1)Represents gross unrealized gains and losses for debt securities recorded to accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI).

(2)The long-term portion of marketable equity securities (subject to long-term lock-up restrictions) of $266 million as of December 31, 2024 is included within other non-current assets.


		As of March 31, 2025
	Fair Value Hierarchy	Adjusted Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Cash and Cash Equivalents		Marketable Securities
Fair value changes recorded in other comprehensive income
Time deposits	Level 2	$	2,618	$	0	$	0	$	2,618	$	2,618	$	0
Government bonds	Level 2	28,459		329		(64)		28,724		1,403		27,321
Corporate debt securities	Level 2	18,133		138		(131)		18,140		0		18,140
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities	Level 2	14,072		103		(241)		13,934		0		13,934
Total investments with fair value change reflected in other comprehensive income(1)		63,282		570		(436)		63,416		4,021		59,395
Fair value adjustments recorded in net income
Money market funds	Level 1							8,662		8,662		0
Current marketable equity securities(2)	Level 1							4,744		0		4,744
Mutual funds	Level 2							54		0		54
Government bonds	Level 2							1,975		576		1,399
Corporate debt securities	Level 2							2,993		60		2,933
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities	Level 2							3,539		0		3,539
Total investments with fair value change recorded in net income								21,967		9,298		12,669
Cash								0		9,945		0
Total		$	63,282	$	570	$	(436)	$	85,383	$	23,264	$	72,064

(1)Represents gross unrealized gains and losses for debt securities recorded to AOCI.

(2)The long-term portion of marketable equity securities (subject to long-term lock-up restrictions) of $376 million as of March 31, 2025 is included within other non-current assets.

Investments by maturity date

The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of investments in available-for-sale marketable debt securities by effective contractual maturity dates (in millions):


	As of March 31, 2025
Due in 1 year or less	$	5,151
Due in 1 year through 5 years	37,361
Due in 5 years through 10 years	11,803
Due after 10 years	12,951
Total	$	67,266

Debt securities, available-for-sale, unrealized loss position, fair value


	As of December 31, 2024
	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Greater				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
Government bonds	$	11,119	$	(126)	$	2,576	$	(88)	$	13,695	$	(214)
Corporate debt securities	4,228		(17)		6,838		(168)		11,066		(185)
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities	5,222		(106)		3,813		(279)		9,035		(385)
Total	$	20,569	$	(249)	$	13,227	$	(535)	$	33,796	$	(784)


	As of March 31, 2025
	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or Greater				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
Government bonds	$	3,361	$	(28)	$	1,486	$	(36)	$	4,847	$	(64)
Corporate debt securities	2,158		(1)		5,301		(106)		7,459		(107)
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities	3,155		(46)		3,123		(195)		6,278		(241)
Total	$	8,674	$	(75)	$	9,910	$	(337)	$	18,584	$	(412)

Available-for-sale debt securities

The following table summarizes gains and losses for debt securities, reflected as a component of OI&E (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Unrealized gain (loss) on fair value option debt securities	$	(46)	$	97
Gross realized gain on debt securities	68		266
Gross realized loss on debt securities	(480)		(175)
(Increase) decrease in allowance for credit losses	(4)		14
Total gain (loss) on debt securities recognized in other income (expense), net	$	(462)	$	202

Carrying value of marketable and non-marketable equity securities

The carrying values for marketable and non-marketable equity securities are summarized below (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024						As of March 31, 2025
	Marketable Equity Securities		Non-Marketable Equity Securities		Total		Marketable Equity Securities		Non-Marketable Equity Securities		Total
Total initial cost	$	4,767	$	21,240	$	26,007	$	4,640	$	24,926	$	29,566
Cumulative net gain (loss)(1)	312		14,291		14,603		534		23,703		24,237
Carrying value	$	5,079	$	35,531	$	40,610	$	5,174	$	48,629	$	53,803

Gains and losses on equity securities

Gains and losses (including impairments), net, for marketable and non-marketable equity securities included in OI&E are summarized below (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Realized net gain (loss) on equity securities sold during the period	$	95	$	215
Unrealized net gain (loss) on marketable equity securities	164		227
Unrealized net gain (loss) on non-marketable equity securities(1)	1,984		9,316
Total gain (loss) on equity securities in other income (expense), net	$	2,243	$	9,758

Cumulative net gains (losses) on equity securities sold


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
	2024		2025
Total sale price	$	1,090	$	753
Total initial cost	661		592
Cumulative net gains (losses)	$	429	$	161

Schedule of gross notional amounts of derivative instruments

The gross notional amounts of outstanding derivative instruments were as follows (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts
Cash flow hedges	$	20,315	$	20,624
Fair value hedges	$	1,562	$	0
Net investment hedges	$	6,986	$	6,695
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts	$	44,227	$	40,612
Other contracts	$	15,082	$	12,549

Schedule of derivative instruments

The fair values of outstanding derivative instruments were as follows (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024				As of March 31, 2025
	Assets(1)		Liabilities(2)		Assets(1)		Liabilities(2)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts	$	1,054	$	0	$	236	$	370

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts	200		593		320		110
Other contracts	474		19		142		9
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments	674		612		462		119
Total	$	1,728	$	612	$	698	$	489

(1) Derivative assets are recorded as other current and non-current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(2) Derivative liabilities are recorded as accrued expenses and other liabilities, current and non-current in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Schedule of gain (loss) on derivative instruments

The gains (losses) on derivatives in cash flow hedging and net investment hedging relationships recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI) are summarized below (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationship:
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount included in the assessment of effectiveness	$	155	$	(339)
Amount excluded from the assessment of effectiveness	58		(61)

Derivatives in net investment hedging relationship:
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount included in the assessment of effectiveness	82		(206)
Total	$	295	$	(606)

The table below presents the gains (losses) of derivatives included in the Consolidated Statements of Income: (in millions):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024				2025
	Revenues		Other income (expense), net		Revenues		Other income (expense), net
Total amounts included in the Consolidated Statements of Income	$	80,539	$	2,843	$	90,234	$	11,183

Effect of cash flow hedges:
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount reclassified from AOCI to income	$	74	$	0	$	242	$	0
Amount excluded from the assessment of effectiveness (amortized)	(2)		0		18		0
Effect of fair value hedges:
Foreign exchange contracts
Hedged items	0		(16)		0		(9)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	0		15		0		9
Amount excluded from the assessment of effectiveness	0		3		0		1
Effect of net investment hedges:
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount excluded from the assessment of effectiveness	0		36		0		31
Effect of non designated hedges:
Foreign exchange contracts	0		21		0		65
Other contracts	0		76		0		(71)
Total gains (losses)	$	72	$	135	$	260	$	26

Offsetting assets


	As of December 31, 2024
							Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, but Have Legal Rights to Offset
	Gross Amounts Recognized		Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Net Amounts Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Financial Instruments(1)		Cash and Non-Cash Collateral Received or Pledged		Net Amounts
Derivatives assets	$	1,776	$	(48)	$	1,728	$	(516)	$	(721)	$	491
Derivatives liabilities	$	660	$	(48)	$	612	$	(516)	$	(9)	$	87


	As of March 31, 2025
							Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, but Have Legal Rights to Offset
	Gross Amounts Recognized		Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Net Amounts Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Financial Instruments(1)		Cash and Non-Cash Collateral Received or Pledged		Net Amounts
Derivatives assets	$	798	$	(100)	$	698	$	(301)	$	(242)	$	155
Derivatives liabilities	$	589	$	(100)	$	489	$	(301)	$	(3)	$	185

(1)The balances as of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025 were related to derivatives allowed to be net settled in accordance with our master netting agreements.

Offsetting liabilities


	As of December 31, 2024
							Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, but Have Legal Rights to Offset
	Gross Amounts Recognized		Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Net Amounts Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Financial Instruments(1)		Cash and Non-Cash Collateral Received or Pledged		Net Amounts
Derivatives assets	$	1,776	$	(48)	$	1,728	$	(516)	$	(721)	$	491
Derivatives liabilities	$	660	$	(48)	$	612	$	(516)	$	(9)	$	87


	As of March 31, 2025
							Gross Amounts Not Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, but Have Legal Rights to Offset
	Gross Amounts Recognized		Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Net Amounts Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		Financial Instruments(1)		Cash and Non-Cash Collateral Received or Pledged		Net Amounts
Derivatives assets	$	798	$	(100)	$	698	$	(301)	$	(242)	$	155
Derivatives liabilities	$	589	$	(100)	$	489	$	(301)	$	(3)	$	185

(1)The balances as of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025 were related to derivatives allowed to be net settled in accordance with our master netting agreements.

Leases (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Leases [Abstract]

Components of Lease Costs

Components of lease costs were as follows (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Operating lease cost	$	804	$	790
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of lease assets	83		96
Interest on lease liabilities	7		15
Finance lease cost	90		111
Variable lease cost	343		360
Total lease cost	$	1,237	$	1,261

Supplemental Balance Sheet Information

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Weighted average remaining lease term
Operating leases	7.8 years		7.9 years
Finance leases	10.4 years		10.2 years
Weighted average discount rate
Operating leases	3.4	%	3.5	%
Finance leases	2.8	%	3.3	%


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Operating leases:
Operating lease assets	$	13,588	$	13,722
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	$	2,887	$	2,873
Operating lease liabilities	11,691		11,678
Total operating lease liabilities	$	14,578	$	14,551
Finance Leases:
Property and equipment, at cost	$	4,622	$	5,219
Accumulated depreciation	(2,037)		(2,125)
Property and equipment, net	$	2,585	$	3,094
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	$	235	$	100
Other long-term liabilities	1,442		1,961
Total finance lease liabilities	$	1,677	$	2,061

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Cash payments for lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows used for operating leases	$	842	$	878
Operating cash flows used for finance leases	$	7	$	15
Financing cash flows used for finance leases(1)	$	90	$	192
Assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities:
Operating leases	$	404	$	697
Finance leases	$	19	$	523

(1)Financing cash flows used for financing leases are included within financing activities of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows as repayments of debt.

Future Minimum Operating Lease Payments

Future lease payments as of March 31, 2025 were as follows (in millions):


	Operating Leases		Finance Leases
Remainder of 2025	$	2,377	$	224
2026	2,947		268
2027	2,425		270
2028	1,938		258
2029	1,536		232
Thereafter	5,741		1,254
Total future lease payments	16,964		2,506
Less imputed interest	(2,413)		(445)
Total lease liability balance	$	14,551	$	2,061

Future Minimum Finance Lease Payments

Future lease payments as of March 31, 2025 were as follows (in millions):


	Operating Leases		Finance Leases
Remainder of 2025	$	2,377	$	224
2026	2,947		268
2027	2,425		270
2028	1,938		258
2029	1,536		232
Thereafter	5,741		1,254
Total future lease payments	16,964		2,506
Less imputed interest	(2,413)		(445)
Total lease liability balance	$	14,551	$	2,061

Debt (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of debt instruments

Total outstanding long-term debt is summarized below (in millions, except percentages):


	Maturity	Coupon Rate	Effective Interest Rate	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Debt
2016 Notes issuance	2026	2.00%	2.23%	$	2,000	$	2,000
2020 Notes issuance	2025 - 2060	0.45% - 2.25%	0.57% - 2.33%	10,000		10,000
Total face value of long-term debt				12,000		12,000
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs				(118)		(114)
Less: Current portion of long-term notes(1)				(999)		(1,000)
Total long-term debt				$	10,883	$	10,886

(1)Total current portion of long-term debt is included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities. See Note 7 for further details.

Supplemental Financial Statement Information (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Balance Sheet Components Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of property and equipment

Property and equipment, net, consisted of the following (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Technical infrastructure(1)	$	139,596	$	150,992
Office space	43,714		44,871
Corporate and other assets	16,519		17,336
Property and equipment, in service	199,829		213,199
Less: accumulated depreciation	(79,390)		(83,778)
Add: assets not yet in service	50,597		55,641
Property and equipment, net	$	171,036	$	185,062

Schedule of accrued expenses and other current liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Accrued purchases of property and equipment(1)	$	7,104	$	7,552
European Commission fines(2)	6,322		6,534
Accrued customer liabilities	4,304		4,163
Payables to brokers for unsettled investment trades	3,866		4,889
Income taxes payable, net	2,905		9,160
Other accrued expenses and current liabilities	26,727		26,002
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	51,228	$	58,300

(1) Additional property and equipment purchases of $3.2 billion and $3.8 billion as of December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2025, respectively, were included in accounts payable.

Components of accumulated other comprehensive income

Components of AOCI, net of income tax, were as follows (in millions):


	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Investments		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Cash Flow Hedges		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2023	$	(3,407)	$	(965)	$	(30)	$	(4,402)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(503)		(360)		128		(735)
Amounts excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness recorded in AOCI	0		0		58		58
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	0		311		(71)		240
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(503)		(49)		115		(437)
Balance as of March 31, 2024	$	(3,910)	$	(1,014)	$	85	$	(4,839)


	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Investments		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Cash Flow Hedges		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2024	$	(5,080)	$	(299)	$	579	$	(4,800)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	663		645		(252)		1,056
Amounts excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness recorded in AOCI	0		0		(61)		(61)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	0		(84)		(197)		(281)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	663		561		(510)		714
Balance as of March 31, 2025	$	(4,417)	$	262	$	69	$	(4,086)

Schedule of effects on net income of amounts reclassified from AOCI

The effects on net income of amounts reclassified from AOCI were as follows (in millions):


		Three Months Ended
		March 31,
AOCI Components	Location	2024		2025
Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale investments
	Other income (expense), net	$	(399)	$	104
	Benefit (provision) for income taxes	88		(20)
	Net of income tax	(311)		84
Unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges
Foreign exchange contracts	Revenue	74		242
Interest rate contracts	Other income (expense), net	1		0
	Benefit (provision) for income taxes	(4)		(45)
	Net of income tax	71		197
Total amount reclassified, net of income tax		$	(240)	$	281

Schedule of other income (expense), net

Components of OI&E were as follows (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Interest income	$	1,061	$	1,001
Interest expense(1)	(94)		(34)
Foreign currency exchange gain (loss), net	(238)		(106)
Gain (loss) on debt securities, net	(462)		202
Gain (loss) on equity securities, net	2,243		9,758
Performance fees	104		(40)
Income (loss) and impairment from equity method investments, net	(26)		(22)
Other	255		424
Other income (expense), net	$	2,843	$	11,183

(1)Interest expense is net of interest capitalized of $43 million and $79 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2025, respectively.

Goodwill (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of goodwill

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2025 were as follows (in millions):


	Google Services		Google Cloud		Other Bets		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2024	$	23,521	$	7,490	$	874	$	31,885
Additions	289		0		0		289
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments	(2)		0		1		(1)
Balance as of March 31, 2025	$	23,808	$	7,490	$	875	$	32,173

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of shares repurchased

The following table presents Class A and Class C shares repurchased and subsequently retired (in millions):


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
	Shares	Amount
Class A share repurchases	15	$	2,766
Class C share repurchases	68	12,535
Total share repurchases(1)	83	$	15,301

(1) Shares repurchased include unsettled repurchases.

Net Income Per Share (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of earnings per share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share of Class A, Class B, and Class C stock (in millions, except per share amounts):


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024								2025
	Class A		Class B		Class C		Consolidated		Class A		Class B		Class C		Consolidated
Basic net income per share:
Numerator
Allocation of distributed earnings (cash dividends paid)	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	1,167	$	171	$	1,096	$	2,434
Allocation of undistributed earnings	11,213		1,656		10,793		23,662		15,367		2,264		14,475		32,106
Net income	$	11,213	$	1,656	$	10,793	$	23,662	$	16,534	$	2,435	$	15,571	$	34,540
Denominator
Number of shares used in per share computation	5,883		869		5,663		12,415		5,831		859		5,493		12,183
Basic net income per share	$	1.91	$	1.91	$	1.91	$	1.91	$	2.84	$	2.83	$	2.83	$	2.84
Diluted net income per share:
Numerator
Allocation of total earnings for basic computation	$	11,213	$	1,656	$	10,793	$	23,662	$	16,534	$	2,435	$	15,571	$	34,540
Reallocation of total earnings as a result of conversion of Class B to Class A shares	1,656		0		0		_(1)		2,435		0		0		_(1)
Reallocation of undistributed earnings	(115)		(15)		115		_(1)		(156)		(20)		156		_(1)
Net income	$	12,754	$	1,641	$	10,908	$	23,662	$	18,813	$	2,415	$	15,727	34,540
Denominator
Number of shares used in basic computation	5,883		869		5,663		12,415		5,831		859		5,493		12,183
Weighted-average effect of dilutive securities
Add:
Conversion of Class B to Class A shares outstanding	869		0		0		_(1)		859		0		0		_(1)
Restricted stock units and other contingently issuable shares	0		0		112		112		0		0		108		108
Number of shares used in per share computation	6,752		869		5,775		12,527		6,690		859		5,601		12,291
Diluted net income per share	$	1.89	$	1.89	$	1.89	$	1.89	$	2.81	$	2.81	$	2.81	$	2.81

(1)Not applicable for consolidated net income per share.

Compensation Plans (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of restricted stock activity


	Number of Shares	Weighted- Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Unvested as of December 31, 2024	299	$	122.77
Granted	135	$	176.15
Vested	(44)	$	124.19
Forfeited/canceled	(6)	$	127.79
Unvested as of March 31, 2025	384	$	141.29

Income Taxes (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Provision for income taxes and effective tax rate

The following table presents provision for income taxes (in millions, except for effective tax rate):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024			2025
Income before provision for income taxes	$	28,315		$	41,789
Provision for income taxes	$	4,653		$	7,249
Effective tax rate	16.4		%	17.3		%

Information about Segments and Geographic Areas (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of segment information by segment

The following table presents revenue, profitability, and expense information about our segments (in millions):


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024		2025
Revenues:
Google Services	$	70,398	$	77,264
Google Cloud	9,574		12,260
Other Bets	495		450
Hedging gains (losses)	72		260
Total revenues	$	80,539	$	90,234
Operating income (loss):
Google Services	$	27,897	$	32,682
Google Cloud	900		2,177
Other Bets	(1,020)		(1,226)
Alphabet-level activities	(2,305)		(3,027)
Total income from operations	$	25,472	$	30,606
Supplemental information about segment expenses:
Google Services:
Employee compensation expenses	$	11,511	$	11,337
Other costs and expenses	30,990		33,245
Total Google Services costs and expenses	$	42,501	$	44,582
Google Cloud:
Employee compensation expenses	$	5,157	$	5,412
Other costs and expenses	3,517		4,671
Total Google Cloud costs and expenses	$	8,674	$	10,083

Schedule of long-lived assets by geographic area

The following table presents long-lived assets by geographic area, which includes property and equipment, net and operating lease assets (in millions):


	As of December 31, 2024		As of March 31, 2025
Long-lived assets:
United States	$	138,993	$	149,304
International	45,631		49,480
Total long-lived assets	$	184,624	$	198,784

Revenues - Revenue by Segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenues	$ 90,234	$ 80,539
Hedging gains (losses)	260	72
Google Services
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenues	77,264	70,398
Google Services \| Google Search & other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenues	50,702	46,156
Google Services \| YouTube ads
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenues	8,927	8,090
Google Services \| Google Network
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenues	7,256	7,413
Google Services \| Google advertising
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenues	66,885	61,659
Google Services \| Google subscriptions, platforms, and devices
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenues	10,379	8,739
Google Cloud
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenues	12,260	9,574
Other Bets
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenues	$ 450	$ 495

Revenues - Revenue by Geographic Location (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenues	$ 90,234	$ 80,539
Hedging gains (losses)	260	72
United States
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenues	43,964	38,737
EMEA
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenues	25,923	23,788
APAC
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenues	14,854	13,289
Other Americas
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenues	$ 5,233	$ 4,653
Revenue Benchmark \| Geographic Concentration Risk
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Percentage of total revenue	100.00%	100.00%
Revenue Benchmark \| Geographic Concentration Risk \| United States
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Percentage of total revenue	49.00%	48.00%
Revenue Benchmark \| Geographic Concentration Risk \| EMEA
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Percentage of total revenue	29.00%	30.00%
Revenue Benchmark \| Geographic Concentration Risk \| APAC
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Percentage of total revenue	16.00%	16.00%
Revenue Benchmark \| Geographic Concentration Risk \| Other Americas
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Percentage of total revenue	6.00%	6.00%
Revenue Benchmark \| Revenue by Geographic Location and Type \| Hedging gains (losses)
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Percentage of total revenue	0.00%	0.00%

Revenues - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Billions	3 Months Ended
Revenues - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Billions	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue not yet recognized	$ 92.4
Total deferred revenue	6.6	$ 6.0
Deferred revenue recognized during period	$ 2.6
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-04-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Expected timing of revenue recognition, percentage	55.00%
Expected timing of revenue recognition	24 months
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2027-04-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Expected timing of revenue recognition, percentage	0.45%
Expected timing of revenue recognition

Financial Instruments - Marketable Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Fair Value to Amortized Cost [Abstract]
Fair Value	$ 85,383	$ 83,250
Marketable securities	72,064	72,191
Cash	9,945	12,407
Cash and cash equivalents	23,264	23,466
Long-term portion of marketable equity securities	376	266
Net Income
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Fair Value to Amortized Cost [Abstract]
Fair Value	21,967	21,341
Cash and Cash Equivalents	9,298	8,928
Marketable securities	12,669	12,413
Level 2
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Fair Value to Amortized Cost [Abstract]
Adjusted Cost	63,282	62,505
Gross Unrealized Gains	570	225
Gross Unrealized Losses	(436)	(821)
Level 2 \| Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Fair Value to Amortized Cost [Abstract]
Adjusted Cost	63,282	62,505
Gross Unrealized Gains	570	225
Gross Unrealized Losses	(436)	(821)
Fair Value	63,416	61,909
Cash and Cash Equivalents	4,021	2,131
Marketable securities	59,395	59,778
Level 2 \| Time deposits \| Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Fair Value to Amortized Cost [Abstract]
Adjusted Cost	2,618	2,217
Gross Unrealized Gains	0	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	0	0
Fair Value	2,618	2,217
Cash and Cash Equivalents	2,618	2,081
Marketable securities	0	136
Level 2 \| Mutual funds \| Net Income
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Fair Value to Amortized Cost [Abstract]
Fair Value	54	105
Cash and Cash Equivalents	0	0
Marketable securities	54	105
Level 2 \| Government bonds \| Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Fair Value to Amortized Cost [Abstract]
Adjusted Cost	28,459	27,551
Gross Unrealized Gains	329	83
Gross Unrealized Losses	(64)	(214)
Fair Value	28,724	27,420
Cash and Cash Equivalents	1,403	50
Marketable securities	27,321	27,370
Level 2 \| Government bonds \| Net Income
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Fair Value to Amortized Cost [Abstract]
Fair Value	1,975	2,035
Cash and Cash Equivalents	576	696
Marketable securities	1,399	1,339
Level 2 \| Corporate debt securities \| Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Fair Value to Amortized Cost [Abstract]
Adjusted Cost	18,133	18,300
Gross Unrealized Gains	138	79
Gross Unrealized Losses	(131)	(222)
Fair Value	18,140	18,157
Cash and Cash Equivalents	0	0
Marketable securities	18,140	18,157
Level 2 \| Corporate debt securities \| Net Income
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Fair Value to Amortized Cost [Abstract]
Fair Value	2,993	3,037
Cash and Cash Equivalents	60	78
Marketable securities	2,933	2,959
Level 2 \| Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities \| Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Fair Value to Amortized Cost [Abstract]
Adjusted Cost	14,072	14,437
Gross Unrealized Gains	103	63
Gross Unrealized Losses	(241)	(385)
Fair Value	13,934	14,115
Cash and Cash Equivalents	0	0
Marketable securities	13,934	14,115
Level 2 \| Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities \| Net Income
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Fair Value to Amortized Cost [Abstract]
Fair Value	3,539	3,302
Cash and Cash Equivalents	0	0
Marketable securities	3,539	3,302
Level 1 \| Money market funds \| Net Income
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Fair Value to Amortized Cost [Abstract]
Fair Value	8,662	8,154
Cash and Cash Equivalents	8,662	8,154
Marketable securities	0	0
Level 1 \| Current marketable equity securities \| Net Income
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Fair Value to Amortized Cost [Abstract]
Fair Value	4,744	4,708
Cash and Cash Equivalents	0	0
Marketable securities	$ 4,744	$ 4,708

Financial Instruments - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Financial Instruments and Fair Value [Line Items]
Non-marketable equity securities	$ 48,629	$ 35,531
Equity method investments	2,000	2,000
Investments in convertible notes	423	$ 2,900
Conversion of convertible notes	3,000
Gain from investments conversion	416
Foreign currency loss to be reclassified during next 12 months	$ 151
Derivative Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other current assets	Other current assets
Derivative Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other long-term liabilities	Other long-term liabilities
Cash flow hedges \| Foreign exchange contracts
Financial Instruments and Fair Value [Line Items]
Foreign exchange option contracts, maximum maturities	24 months
Valuation, Market Approach
Financial Instruments and Fair Value [Line Items]
Non-marketable equity securities	$ 25,000

Financial Instruments - Contractual Maturity Date of Marketable Debt Securities (Details) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2025 USD ($)
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Due in 1 year or less	$ 5,151
Due in 1 year through 5 years	37,361
Due in 5 years through 10 years	11,803
Due after 10 years	12,951
Total	$ 67,266

Financial Instruments - Gross Unrealized Losses and Fair Values for Investments in Unrealized Loss Position (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Investments, Unrealized Loss Position [Line Items]
Less than 12 Months, Fair Value	$ 8,674	$ 20,569
Less than 12 Months, Unrealized Loss	(75)	(249)
12 Months or Greater, Fair Value	9,910	13,227
12 Months or Greater, Unrealized Loss	(337)	(535)
Total Fair Value	18,584	33,796
Total Unrealized Loss	(412)	(784)
Government bonds
Investments, Unrealized Loss Position [Line Items]
Less than 12 Months, Fair Value	3,361	11,119
Less than 12 Months, Unrealized Loss	(28)	(126)
12 Months or Greater, Fair Value	1,486	2,576
12 Months or Greater, Unrealized Loss	(36)	(88)
Total Fair Value	4,847	13,695
Total Unrealized Loss	(64)	(214)
Corporate debt securities
Investments, Unrealized Loss Position [Line Items]
Less than 12 Months, Fair Value	2,158	4,228
Less than 12 Months, Unrealized Loss	(1)	(17)
12 Months or Greater, Fair Value	5,301	6,838
12 Months or Greater, Unrealized Loss	(106)	(168)
Total Fair Value	7,459	11,066
Total Unrealized Loss	(107)	(185)
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities
Investments, Unrealized Loss Position [Line Items]
Less than 12 Months, Fair Value	3,155	5,222
Less than 12 Months, Unrealized Loss	(46)	(106)
12 Months or Greater, Fair Value	3,123	3,813
12 Months or Greater, Unrealized Loss	(195)	(279)
Total Fair Value	6,278	9,035
Total Unrealized Loss	$ (241)	$ (385)

Financial Instruments - Summary of Gains and Losses for Debt Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Unrealized gain (loss) on fair value option debt securities	$ 97	$ (46)
Gross realized gain on debt securities	266	68
Gross realized loss on debt securities	(175)	(480)
(Increase) decrease in allowance for credit losses	14	(4)
Total gain (loss) on debt securities recognized in other income (expense), net	$ 202	$ (462)

Financial Instruments - Carrying Values for Marketable and Non-Marketable Equity Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Marketable Equity Securities
Total initial cost	$ 4,640	$ 4,767
Cumulative net gain (loss)	534	312
Carrying value	5,174	5,079
Non-Marketable Equity Securities
Total initial cost	24,926	21,240
Cumulative net gain (loss)	23,703	14,291
Carrying value	48,629	35,531
Total
Total initial cost	29,566	26,007
Cumulative net gain (loss)	24,237	14,603
Carrying value	53,803	40,610
Cumulative net gain of non-marketable securities	32,300	22,700
Unrealized loss of non-marketable securities	$ 8,600	$ 8,400

Financial Instruments - Gains and Losses on Marketable and Non-Marketable Equity Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Realized net gain (loss) on equity securities sold during the period	$ 215	$ 95
Unrealized net gain (loss) on marketable equity securities	227	164
Unrealized net gain (loss) on non-marketable equity securities	9,316	1,984
Total gain (loss) on equity securities in other income (expense), net	9,758	2,243
Non-marketable securities upward adjustment	9,700	2,800
Non-marketable securities, downward adjustment	$ 399	$ 814

Financial Instruments - Cumulative Net Gains on Equity Securities Sold (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Total sale price	$ 753	$ 1,090
Total initial cost	592	661
Cumulative net gains (losses)	$ 161	$ 429

Financial Instruments - Gross Notional Amounts of Outstanding Derivative Instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Foreign exchange contracts \| Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: \| Cash flow hedges
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Derivative notional amount	$ 20,624	$ 20,315
Foreign exchange contracts \| Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: \| Fair value hedges
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Derivative notional amount	0	1,562
Foreign exchange contracts \| Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: \| Net investment hedges
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Derivative notional amount	6,695	6,986
Foreign exchange contracts \| Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Derivative notional amount	40,612	44,227
Other contracts \| Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) [Line Items]
Derivative notional amount	$ 12,549	$ 15,082

Financial Instruments - Fair Values of Outstanding Derivative Instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Derivative Assets:
Assets	$ 698	$ 1,728
Derivative Liabilities:
Liabilities	489	612
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: \| Foreign exchange contracts
Derivative Assets:
Assets	236	1,054
Derivative Liabilities:
Liabilities	370	0
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Derivative Assets:
Assets	462	674
Derivative Liabilities:
Liabilities	119	612
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: \| Foreign exchange contracts
Derivative Assets:
Assets	320	200
Derivative Liabilities:
Liabilities	110	593
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: \| Other contracts
Derivative Assets:
Assets	142	474
Derivative Liabilities:
Liabilities	$ 9	$ 19

Financial Instruments - Effect of Derivative Instruments on Income and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Foreign exchange contracts
Revenues	$ 90,234	$ 80,539
Other income (expense), net	11,183	2,843
Revenues
Foreign exchange contracts
Total gains (losses)	$ 260	$ 72
Derivative, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]	Revenues	Revenues
Other income (expense), net
Foreign exchange contracts
Total gains (losses)	$ 26	$ 135
Derivative, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]	Other income (expense), net	Other income (expense), net
Foreign exchange contracts
Foreign exchange contracts
Total	$ (606)	$ 295
Foreign exchange contracts \| Revenues \| Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Foreign exchange contracts
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments	0	0
Foreign exchange contracts \| Other income (expense), net \| Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Foreign exchange contracts
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments	65	21
Other derivatives \| Revenues \| Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Foreign exchange contracts
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments	0	0
Other derivatives \| Other income (expense), net \| Not Designated as Hedging Instrument
Foreign exchange contracts
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments	(71)	76
Cash flow hedges \| Foreign exchange contracts
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount included in the assessment of effectiveness	(339)	155
Amount excluded from the assessment of effectiveness	(61)	58
Cash flow hedges \| Foreign exchange contracts \| Revenues
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount reclassified from AOCI to income	242	74
Amount excluded from the assessment of effectiveness (amortized)	18	(2)
Cash flow hedges \| Foreign exchange contracts \| Other income (expense), net
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount reclassified from AOCI to income	0	0
Amount excluded from the assessment of effectiveness (amortized)	0	0
Fair value hedges \| Foreign exchange contracts \| Revenues
Foreign exchange contracts
Hedged items	0	0
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	0	0
Amount excluded from the assessment of effectiveness	0	0
Fair value hedges \| Foreign exchange contracts \| Other income (expense), net
Foreign exchange contracts
Hedged items	(9)	(16)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	9	15
Amount excluded from the assessment of effectiveness	1	3
Net investment hedges \| Foreign exchange contracts
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount included in the assessment of effectiveness	(206)	82
Net investment hedges \| Foreign exchange contracts \| Revenues
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount excluded from the assessment of effectiveness	0	0
Net investment hedges \| Foreign exchange contracts \| Other income (expense), net
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount excluded from the assessment of effectiveness	$ 31	$ 36

Financial Instruments - Offsetting of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Derivatives assets
Gross Amounts Recognized	$ 798	$ 1,776
Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets	(100)	(48)
Net Amounts Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets	698	1,728
Financial Instruments	(301)	(516)
Cash and Non-Cash Collateral Received or Pledged	(242)	(721)
Net Amounts	155	491
Derivatives liabilities
Gross Amounts Recognized	589	660
Gross Amounts Offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets	(100)	(48)
Net Amounts Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets	489	612
Financial Instruments	(301)	(516)
Cash and Non-Cash Collateral Received or Pledged	(3)	(9)
Net Amounts	$ 185	$ 87

Leases - Components of Operating Lease Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]
Operating lease cost	$ 790	$ 804
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of lease assets	96	83
Interest on lease liabilities	15	7
Finance lease cost	111	90
Variable lease cost	360	343
Total lease cost	$ 1,261	$ 1,237

Leases - Supplemental Balance Sheet Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Weighted average remaining lease term
Operating leases	7 years 10 months 24 days	7 years 9 months 18 days
Finance leases	10 years 2 months 12 days	10 years 4 months 24 days
Weighted average discount rate
Operating leases	3.50%	3.40%
Finance leases	3.30%	2.80%
Operating leases:
Operating lease assets	$ 13,722	$ 13,588
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	2,873	2,887
Operating lease liabilities	11,678	11,691
Total operating lease liabilities	14,551	14,578
Finance Leases:
Property and equipment, at cost	5,219	4,622
Accumulated depreciation	(2,125)	(2,037)
Property and equipment, net	3,094	2,585
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	100	235
Other long-term liabilities	1,961	1,442
Total finance lease liabilities	$ 2,061	$ 1,677
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
Operating Lease, Liability, Noncurrent, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Operating lease liabilities	Operating lease liabilities
Finance Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Property and equipment, net	Property and equipment, net
Finance Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
Finance Lease, Liability, Noncurrent, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other long-term liabilities	Other long-term liabilities

Leases - Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Cash payments for lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows used for operating leases	$ 878	$ 842
Operating cash flows used for finance leases	15	7
Financing cash flows used for finance leases	192	90
Assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities:
Operating leases	697	404
Finance leases	$ 523	$ 19

Leases - Narrative (Details) $ in Billions	Mar. 31, 2025 USD ($)
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Leases not yet commenced, future minimum lease payments, current	$ 17.3
Minimum
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, non-cancelable lease term	1 year
Finance lease, non-cancelable lease term	1 year
Maximum
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, non-cancelable lease term	25 years
Finance lease, non-cancelable lease term	25 years

Leases - Future Minimum Lease Payments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Operating Leases
Remainder of 2025	$ 2,377
2026	2,947
2027	2,425
2028	1,938
2029	1,536
Thereafter	5,741
Total future lease payments	16,964
Less imputed interest	(2,413)
Total lease liability balance	14,551	$ 14,578
Finance Leases
Remainder of 2025	224
2026	268
2027	270
2028	258
2029	232
Thereafter	1,254
Total future lease payments	2,506
Less imputed interest	(445)
Total finance lease liabilities	$ 2,061	$ 1,677

Variable Interest Entities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Assets not available for use	$ 475,374	$ 450,256
Liabilities with no recourse	130,107	125,172
Noncontrolling interest	4,400	4,200
Redeemable noncontrolling interest	1,100	1,100
Unconsolidated VIE, carrying value	1,500	1,500
Nonrecourse \| Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Liabilities with no recourse	2,000	2,300
Asset Pledged as Collateral \| Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Assets not available for use	$ 7,800	$ 8,700

Debt - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	Apr. 24, 2025	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Commercial paper		$ 2,500,000,000	$ 2,300,000,000
Estimated fair value of long-term debt		9,100,000,000	9,000,000,000
Revolving Credit Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing on lines of credit		10,000,000,000.0
Line of credit drawn		0	$ 0
Revolving Credit Facility \| Credit Facility Due April 2025
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing on lines of credit		4,000,000,000
Revolving Credit Facility \| Credit Facility Due April 2028
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing on lines of credit		6,000,000,000
Revolving Credit Facility \| Credit Facility Due April 2026 \| Subsequent Event
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing on lines of credit	$ 4,000,000,000
Revolving Credit Facility \| Credit Facility Due April 2030 \| Subsequent Event
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing on lines of credit	$ 6,000,000,000
Commercial Paper
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Short-term debt, maximum borrowing capacity		$ 10,000,000,000.0
Weighted average interest rate		4.40%	4.40%

Debt - Long-Term Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Debt
Total face value of long-term debt	$ 12,000	$ 12,000
Unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	(114)	(118)
Less: Current portion of long-term notes	(1,000)	(999)
Long-term debt	$ 10,886	10,883
2016 Notes issuance
Debt
Coupon Rate	2.00%
Effective Interest Rate	2.23%
Total face value of long-term debt	$ 2,000	2,000
2020 Notes issuance
Debt
Total face value of long-term debt	$ 10,000	$ 10,000
2020 Notes issuance \| Minimum
Debt
Coupon Rate	0.45%
Effective Interest Rate	0.57%
2020 Notes issuance \| Maximum
Debt
Coupon Rate	2.25%
Effective Interest Rate	2.33%

Supplemental Financial Statement Information - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Balance Sheet Components Disclosure [Abstract]
Allowance for credit losses on accounts receivable	$ 915	$ 879

Supplemental Financial Statement Information - Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net [Abstract]
Property and equipment, in service	$ 213,199	$ 199,829
Less: accumulated depreciation	(83,778)	(79,390)
Add: assets not yet in service	55,641	50,597
Property and equipment, net	185,062	171,036
Technical infrastructure
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net [Abstract]
Property and equipment, in service	$ 150,992	$ 139,596
Property, plant and equipment, gross, percentage	60.00%	60.00%
Office space
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net [Abstract]
Property and equipment, in service	$ 44,871	$ 43,714
Corporate and other assets
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net [Abstract]
Property and equipment, in service	$ 17,336	$ 16,519

Supplemental Financial Statement Information - Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Accrued purchases of property and equipment	$ 7,552	$ 7,104
European Commission fines	6,534	6,322
Accrued customer liabilities	4,163	4,304
Payables to brokers for unsettled investment trades	4,889	3,866
Income taxes payable, net	9,160	2,905
Other accrued expenses and current liabilities	26,002	26,727
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	58,300	51,228
Accounts Payable
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Accrued purchases of property and equipment	$ 3,800	$ 3,200

Supplemental Financial Statement Information - Components of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Components of AOCI, net of tax
Beginning Balance	$ 325,084	$ 283,379
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	1,056	(735)
Amounts excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness recorded in AOCI	(61)	58
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(281)	240
Other comprehensive income (loss)	714	(437)
Ending Balance	345,267	292,844
Total
Components of AOCI, net of tax
Beginning Balance	(4,800)	(4,402)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	714	(437)
Ending Balance	(4,086)	(4,839)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments
Components of AOCI, net of tax
Beginning Balance	(5,080)	(3,407)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	663	(503)
Amounts excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness recorded in AOCI	0	0
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	0	0
Other comprehensive income (loss)	663	(503)
Ending Balance	(4,417)	(3,910)
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Investments
Components of AOCI, net of tax
Beginning Balance	(299)	(965)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	645	(360)
Amounts excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness recorded in AOCI	0	0
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(84)	311
Other comprehensive income (loss)	561	(49)
Ending Balance	262	(1,014)
Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Cash Flow Hedges
Components of AOCI, net of tax
Beginning Balance	579	(30)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(252)	128
Amounts excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness recorded in AOCI	(61)	58
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(197)	(71)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(510)	115
Ending Balance	$ 69	$ 85

Supplemental Financial Statement Information - Effects on Net Income of Amounts Reclassified from AOCI (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 90,234	$ 80,539
Other income (expense), net	11,183	2,843
Benefit (provision) for income taxes	(7,249)	(4,653)
Net of income tax	34,540	23,662
Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Net of income tax	281	(240)
Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income \| Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale investments
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Other income (expense), net	104	(399)
Benefit (provision) for income taxes	(20)	88
Net of income tax	84	(311)
Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income \| Unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Benefit (provision) for income taxes	(45)	(4)
Net of income tax	197	71
Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income \| Unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges \| Foreign exchange contracts
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Revenue	242	74
Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income \| Unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges \| Interest rate contracts
Reclassification Adjustment out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Other income (expense), net	$ 0	$ 1

Supplemental Financial Statement Information - Schedule of Other Income (Expense), Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Balance Sheet Components Disclosure [Abstract]
Interest income	$ 1,001	$ 1,061
Interest expense	(34)	(94)
Foreign currency exchange gain (loss), net	(106)	(238)
Gain (loss) on debt securities, net	202	(462)
Gain (loss) on equity securities, net	9,758	2,243
Performance fees	(40)	104
Income (loss) and impairment from equity method investments, net	(22)	(26)
Other	424	255
Other income (expense), net	11,183	2,843
Interest costs capitalized	$ 79	$ 43

Acquisitions (Details) $ in Billions	1 Months Ended
Acquisitions (Details) $ in Billions	Mar. 31, 2025 USD ($)
Wiz
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Payments to acquire business	$ 32.0

Goodwill - Changes in Carrying Amount of Goodwill (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025 USD ($)
Changes in Carrying Amount of Goodwill
Balance as of December 31, 2024	$ 31,885
Additions	289
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments	(1)
Balance as of March 31, 2025	32,173
Google Services
Changes in Carrying Amount of Goodwill
Balance as of December 31, 2024	23,521
Additions	289
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments	(2)
Balance as of March 31, 2025	23,808
Google Cloud
Changes in Carrying Amount of Goodwill
Balance as of December 31, 2024	7,490
Additions	0
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments	0
Balance as of March 31, 2025	7,490
Other Bets
Changes in Carrying Amount of Goodwill
Balance as of December 31, 2024	874
Additions	0
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments	1
Balance as of March 31, 2025	$ 875

Commitments and Contingencies (Details) $ in Millions, € in Billions	1 Months Ended						3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024 EUR (€)	Mar. 31, 2024 investigation	Sep. 30, 2022 EUR (€)	Mar. 31, 2019 EUR (€)	Jul. 31, 2018 EUR (€)	Jun. 30, 2017 EUR (€)	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2019 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2025 USD ($)
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Purchase obligation											$ 8,600
Loss contingency, cash payments							$ 3,000
Number of open investigations \| investigation		2
Antitrust Matters
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Loss contingency, loss in period			€ 4.1	€ 1.5	€ 4.3	€ 2.4			$ 1,700	$ 5,100
Loss contingency, loss adjustment								$ 217
Loss contingency, loss in period, value annulled \| €	€ 1.5

Stockholders' Equity - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
Stockholders' Equity - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	Apr. 24, 2025	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024	Apr. 30, 2024
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]
Repurchases of capital stock		$ 15,301,000,000	$ 16,057,000,000
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared (in dollars per share)		$ 0.20
Share Repurchase Program
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]
Repurchases of capital stock		$ 15,301,000,000
Class A & C Capital Stock \| Share Repurchase Program
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]
Authorized share repurchase amount				$ 70,000,000,000
Remaining amount available for repurchase		29,500,000,000
Class A & C Capital Stock \| Share Repurchase Program \| Subsequent Event
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]
Authorized share repurchase amount	$ 70,000,000,000
Class A Capital Stock
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]
Dividends		$ 1,200,000,000
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared (in dollars per share)		$ 0.20
Class A Capital Stock \| Subsequent Event
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.21
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared, percent increase	5.00%
Class A Capital Stock \| Share Repurchase Program
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]
Repurchases of capital stock		$ 2,766,000,000
Capital Class B
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]
Dividends		$ 171,000,000
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared (in dollars per share)		$ 0.20
Capital Class B \| Subsequent Event
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.21
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared, percent increase	5.00%
Class C Capital Stock
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]
Dividends		$ 1,100,000,000
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared (in dollars per share)		$ 0.20
Class C Capital Stock \| Subsequent Event
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.21
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared, percent increase	5.00%
Class C Capital Stock \| Share Repurchase Program
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]
Repurchases of capital stock		$ 12,535,000,000

Stockholders' Equity - Share Repurchases (Details) - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]
Repurchases of capital stock	$ 15,301	$ 16,057
Share Repurchase Program
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]
Repurchases of capital stock (in shares)	83
Repurchases of capital stock	$ 15,301
Share Repurchase Program \| Class A Capital Stock
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]
Repurchases of capital stock (in shares)	15
Repurchases of capital stock	$ 2,766
Share Repurchase Program \| Class C Capital Stock
Stockholders Equity Note [Line Items]
Repurchases of capital stock (in shares)	68
Repurchases of capital stock	$ 12,535

Net Income Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Numerator
Allocation of distributed earnings (cash dividends paid)	$ 2,434	$ 0
Allocation of undistributed earnings	32,106	23,662
Net income	$ 34,540	$ 23,662
Denominator
Number of shares used in basic computation (shares)	12,183	12,415
Basic net income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.84	$ 1.91
Numerator
Allocation of total earnings for basic computation	$ 34,540	$ 23,662
Net income	$ 34,540	$ 23,662
Denominator
Number of shares used in basic computation (shares)	12,183	12,415
Weighted-average effect of dilutive securities
Restricted stock units and other contingently issuable shares (shares)	108	112
Number of shares used in per share computation (shares)	12,291	12,527
Diluted net income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.81	$ 1.89
Class A Common Stock
Numerator
Allocation of distributed earnings (cash dividends paid)	$ 1,167	$ 0
Allocation of undistributed earnings	15,367	11,213
Net income	$ 16,534	$ 11,213
Denominator
Number of shares used in basic computation (shares)	5,831	5,883
Basic net income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.84	$ 1.91
Numerator
Allocation of total earnings for basic computation	$ 16,534	$ 11,213
Reallocation of total earnings as a result of conversion of Class B to Class A shares	2,435	1,656
Reallocation of undistributed earnings	(156)	(115)
Net income	$ 18,813	$ 12,754
Denominator
Number of shares used in basic computation (shares)	5,831	5,883
Weighted-average effect of dilutive securities
Conversion of Class B to Class A common shares outstanding (shares)	859	869
Number of shares used in per share computation (shares)	6,690	6,752
Diluted net income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.81	$ 1.89
Class A Common Stock \| Restricted stock units and other contingently issuable shares
Weighted-average effect of dilutive securities
Restricted stock units and other contingently issuable shares (shares)	0	0
Class B Common Stock
Numerator
Allocation of distributed earnings (cash dividends paid)	$ 171	$ 0
Allocation of undistributed earnings	2,264	1,656
Net income	$ 2,435	$ 1,656
Denominator
Number of shares used in basic computation (shares)	859	869
Basic net income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.83	$ 1.91
Numerator
Allocation of total earnings for basic computation	$ 2,435	$ 1,656
Reallocation of total earnings as a result of conversion of Class B to Class A shares	0	0
Reallocation of undistributed earnings	(20)	(15)
Net income	$ 2,415	$ 1,641
Denominator
Number of shares used in basic computation (shares)	859	869
Weighted-average effect of dilutive securities
Conversion of Class B to Class A common shares outstanding (shares)	0	0
Number of shares used in per share computation (shares)	859	869
Diluted net income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.81	$ 1.89
Class B Common Stock \| Restricted stock units and other contingently issuable shares
Weighted-average effect of dilutive securities
Restricted stock units and other contingently issuable shares (shares)	0	0
Class C Capital Stock
Numerator
Allocation of distributed earnings (cash dividends paid)	$ 1,096	$ 0
Allocation of undistributed earnings	14,475	10,793
Net income	$ 15,571	$ 10,793
Denominator
Number of shares used in basic computation (shares)	5,493	5,663
Basic net income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.83	$ 1.91
Numerator
Allocation of total earnings for basic computation	$ 15,571	$ 10,793
Reallocation of total earnings as a result of conversion of Class B to Class A shares	0	0
Reallocation of undistributed earnings	156	115
Net income	$ 15,727	$ 10,908
Denominator
Number of shares used in basic computation (shares)	5,493	5,663
Weighted-average effect of dilutive securities
Conversion of Class B to Class A common shares outstanding (shares)	0	0
Number of shares used in per share computation (shares)	5,601	5,775
Diluted net income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 2.81	$ 1.89
Class C Capital Stock \| Restricted stock units and other contingently issuable shares
Weighted-average effect of dilutive securities
Restricted stock units and other contingently issuable shares (shares)	108	112

Compensation Plans - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Billions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 5.5	$ 5.3
Awards expected to be settled with stock	5.3	$ 5.1
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation cost	$ 52.5
Weighted average recognition period for unrecognized stock-based compensation expense	2 years 10 months 24 days

Compensation Plans - Unvested Restricted Stock Units Activity (Details) - Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) shares in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025 $ / shares shares
Unvested restricted stock units - number of shares
Unvested at beginning of period (in shares) \| shares	299
Granted (in shares) \| shares	135
Vested (in shares) \| shares	(44)
Forfeited/canceled (in shares) \| shares	(6)
Unvested at end of period (in shares) \| shares	384
Unvested restricted stock units - weighted-average grant-date fair value
Unvested at beginning of period (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 122.77
Granted (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	176.15
Vested (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	124.19
Forfeited/canceled (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	127.79
Unvested at end of period (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 141.29

Income Taxes - Effective tax rate (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income before provision for income taxes	$ 41,789	$ 28,315
Provision for income taxes	$ 7,249	$ 4,653
Effective tax rate	17.30%	16.40%

Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Billions	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Gross unrecognized tax benefits	$ 13.5	$ 12.6
Unrecognized tax benefits that would impact effective tax rate	$ 10.8	$ 10.0

Information about Segments and Geographic Areas - Revenue and Operating Income/Loss by Segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2025	Mar. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenues	$ 90,234	$ 80,539
Hedging gains (losses)	260	72
Total income from operations	30,606	25,472
Total costs and expenses	59,628	55,067
Reconciling items
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total income from operations	(3,027)	(2,305)
Google Services
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenues	77,264	70,398
Employee compensation expenses	11,337	11,511
Other costs and expenses	33,245	30,990
Total costs and expenses	44,582	42,501
Google Services \| Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total income from operations	32,682	27,897
Google Cloud
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenues	12,260	9,574
Employee compensation expenses	5,412	5,157
Other costs and expenses	4,671	3,517
Total costs and expenses	10,083	8,674
Google Cloud \| Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total income from operations	2,177	900
Other Bets
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total revenues	450	495
Other Bets \| Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total income from operations	$ (1,226)	$ (1,020)

Information about Segments and Geographic Areas - Long-Lived Assets by Geographic Area (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total long-lived assets	$ 198,784	$ 184,624
United States
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total long-lived assets	149,304	138,993
International
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total long-lived assets	$ 49,480	$ 45,631

Alphabet (NASDAQ:GOOGL)
Gráfico Histórico do Ativo
De Abr 2025 até Mai 2025

Alphabet (NASDAQ:GOOGL)
Gráfico Histórico do Ativo
De Mai 2024 até Mai 2025

Dados

Notícias

Ferramentas

Mercados

Comunidade

Recursos principais

Follow Feed

Fluxo de Opções

Monitor

GOOGL Alphabet Inc

Notícias Alphabet Inc

Seu Histórico Recente

Empresa

Negócios

Popular

Obter o aplicativo

Tendências Agora

Rankings

Dados

Notícias

Ferramentas

Mercados

Comunidade

Recursos principais

Follow Feed

Fluxo de Opções

Monitor

GOOGL Alphabet Inc

Notícias Alphabet Inc

Seu Histórico Recente

Empresa

Negócios

Popular

Obter o aplicativo

Entrar

Vá sem anúncios