UFPI UFP Industries Inc

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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

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FORM 11-K

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For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023

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OR

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Commission file number:  0-22684

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UFP Industries, Inc. Employees' Profit Sharing

and 401(k) Plan

(Full title of the plan and the address of the plan, if different from that of issuer named below)

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UFP Industries, Inc.

2801 East Beltline NE

Grand Rapids, Michigan 49525-9736

(Name of issuer of the securities held pursuant to the plan and the address of its principal executive office)

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UFP Industries, Inc. Employees’ Profit Sharing and

401(k) Plan

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Financial Statements and Supplemental Schedule

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Years Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

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To Plan Participants and Members of the Profit Sharing and 401(k) Investment Committee

UFP Industries, Inc. Employees’ Profit Sharing and 401(k) Plan

Grand Rapids, Michigan

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Opinion on the Financial Statements

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We have audited the accompanying statements of net assets available for benefits of the UFP Industries, Inc. Employees’ Profit Sharing and 401(k) Plan (the “Plan”) as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related statement of changes in net assets available for benefits for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively, the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the net assets available for benefits of the Plan as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the changes in net assets available for benefits for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

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Basis for Opinion

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These financial statements are the responsibility of the Plan’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Plan’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Plan in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

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We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Plan is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Plan’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

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Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risk of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by the Plan’s management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

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Supplemental Information

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The supplemental information in the accompanying Schedule of Assets (Held at End of Year) as of December 31, 2023 and Schedule of Delinquent Participant Contributions for the year ended December 31, 2023 have been subjected to audit procedures performed in conjunction with the audit of the Plan’s financial statements. The supplemental information is presented for the purpose of additional analysis and is not a required part of the financial statements but included supplemental information required by the Department of Labor’s Rules and Regulations for Reporting and Disclosure under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. The supplemental information is the responsibility of the Plan’s management. Our audit procedures included determining whether the supplemental information reconciles to the financial statements or the underlying accounting and other records, as applicable, and performing procedures to test the completeness and accuracy of the information presented in the supplemental information. In forming our opinion on the supplemental information, we evaluated whether the supplemental information, including its form and content, is presented in conformity with the Department of Labor’s Rules and Regulations for Reporting and Disclosure under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. In our opinion, the supplemental information is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the financial statements as a whole.

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/s/ BDO USA, P.C.

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We have served as the Plan’s auditor since 2009.

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Grand Rapids, Michigan

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June 12, 2024

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UFP Industries, Inc. Employees’ Profit Sharing and

401(k) Plan

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Statements of Net Assets Available for Benefits

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UFP Industries, Inc. Employees’ Profit Sharing and

401(k) Plan

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Statements of Changes in Net Assets Available for Benefits

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UFP Industries, Inc. Employees’ Profit Sharing and

401(k) Plan

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Notes to Financial Statements

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General

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The following description of the UFP Industries, Inc. (the “Company”) Employees’ Profit Sharing and 401(k) Plan (the Plan) provides only general information. Participants should refer to the Plan Document, as amended and restated, for a more complete description of the Plan’s provisions.

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Administration

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Principal Trust Company (“Principal”) serves as the trustee and recordkeeper for the Plan, and provides custody of assets, trading, income collection, contribution deposit processing and paying agent services. The trustee is legally responsible for maintaining the assets of the Plan, making distribution payments as directed by the Company and generally performing all other acts deemed necessary or proper to fulfill its responsibility as set forth in the trust agreement pertaining to the Plan.

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Eligibility and Enrollment

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The Plan is a defined-contribution, profit sharing and 401(k) plan that provides tax-deferred benefits for substantially all eligible employees of UFP Industries, Inc. (Plan Sponsor) or other participating employers, excluding the employees of separate subsidiaries that maintain a similar defined-contribution plan and those covered under a collective bargaining agreement. The Plan is subject to the provisions of the Employee Retirement Security Act of 1974 (ERISA).

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All newly eligible employees are automatically enrolled in the Plan at a deferral level of 3% of eligible compensation.  Eligible employees are those who are 18 years or older, have completed 60 days of employment and are hired to work more than 180 days.

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Contributions

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Participants may voluntarily contribute up to 75% of their eligible compensation as a 401(k) contribution subject to certain regulatory limitations. Participant contributions to the Plan vest immediately.

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The Plan Sponsor contributes regular discretionary matching contributions and may contribute additional discretionary matching contributions. Regular discretionary matching contributions are made quarterly and were 25% of participant deferral on the first 6% of each participant’s eligible compensation, in 2023 and 2022. Additional matching contributions of approximately $1,819,000 and $4,559,000 were also provided to hourly participants for 2023 and 2022, respectively. These amounts are not guaranteed and may vary from year to year as the Plan Sponsor is not obligated to make such contributions.

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The Plan Sponsor may also contribute a discretionary profit sharing amount annually as determined by management and approved by the Plan Sponsor’s Board of Directors. The Plan Sponsor’s annual profit sharing contributions are allocated to participants who had at least 1,000 hours of service during the plan year and are allocated to each participant’s account in the same ratio that each participant’s total compensation for the Plan year bears to the total compensation of all participants for such year.  No discretionary profit sharing contributions were made in 2023 or 2022.

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Employer contributions are subject to a vesting schedule as follows:

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The Plan was amended effective January 1, 2012 to be designated as an ESOP for those Participants with a portion of their account balance invested in the UFP Industries Inc. Stock Fund. This provision allows those Participants who are 100% vested the opportunity to elect to have the dividends on the employer stock fund paid to them in cash.

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Participant Accounts

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Participants may select from various investment options made available by the Plan. Each participant’s account is credited with the participant’s contribution, an allocation of the Plan Sponsor’s contribution, if any, Plan earnings and losses and certain administrative expenses. Earnings allocations are based on participant account balances, as defined in the Plan Document.

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Forfeitures

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Upon termination of employment, a participant may not be fully vested in the employer’s contributions that have been allocated to his or her account. Forfeitures are used to offset the Plan Sponsor’s matching contributions and for reasonable administrative expenses. During 2023 and 2022, forfeitures of approximately $1,655,000 and $1,218,000, respectively, were used to offset the Plan Sponsor’s matching contributions.

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Participant Loans

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Participants may borrow from their account a minimum amount of $1,000 up to a maximum equal to the lesser of $50,000 or 50% of their vested account balance, reduced by any outstanding loans as outlined in the Plan Document. Loan terms range from one to five years or up to 25 years for the purchase of a residence. The loans bear interest at a rate equal to the prime rate (8.50% at December 31, 2023) plus 2% calculated on a daily basis. Interest rates on outstanding loans ranged from 4.2% to 11.5% at December 31, 2023. 

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Payment of Benefits

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Before attainment of age 59½, participants may request in-service withdrawals from the Rollover balance within their account. Participants may also request an in-service withdrawal from their Salary Deferral balance in the event of a financial hardship, subject to certain limitations as defined by the Plan.  Once a participant attains age 59½, in-service withdrawals may be made from all contribution sources.

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Upon separation from service, a participant is eligible for a lump sum distribution of their full, vested account balance. Participants may elect to receive the distribution in a lump sum amount, a qualified rollover to another plan, or may defer their distribution until a later date. However, in the absence of an election, if the vested portion of a participant’s account is $1,000 or less, this amount will be paid as a lump sum distribution as soon as administratively allowable. Participants who incur a separation from service as a result of their death, Total Disability, or Retirement will be vested at 100% prior to their distribution.

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Termination

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The Plan Sponsor intends to continue the Plan indefinitely but reserves the right to terminate or amend the Plan at any time. In the event of termination of the Plan, all participants are automatically fully vested in the value of their accounts and will be paid in full.

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Basis of Accounting

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The financial statements of the UFP Industries, Inc. Employees’ Profit Sharing and 401(k) Plan are presented on the accrual method of accounting.

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Subsequent Events

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Subsequent events have been evaluated by management through June 12, 2024, the date these financial statements were available to be issued.

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Use of Estimates

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The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts. Although actual results could differ from these estimates, management believes estimated amounts recorded are reasonable and appropriate.

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Risks and Uncertainties

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The Plan utilizes various investment instruments. Investment securities, in general, are exposed to various risks, such as interest rate, credit, and overall market volatility. Due to the level of risk associated with certain investment securities, it is reasonably possible that changes in the values of investment securities will occur in the near term and that such changes could materially affect participants’ account balances and the amounts reported in the financial statements.

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Investment Valuation and Income Recognition

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The Plan’s investments are stated at estimated fair value. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date.

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Inputs to valuation techniques refer to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.  The Plan utilizes a fair value hierarchy for valuation inputs that gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements).  A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.  The following provides a description of the three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

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Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.

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Level 2 – Significant observable inputs such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable or can be derived from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

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Level 3 – Prices or valuations that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.

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The following valuation methodologies were used to measure the fair value of the Plan’s investments:

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Common Stock: Valued at quoted market prices in an exchange and active market in which the securities are traded.

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Money Market Fund: Valued at quoted market prices in an exchange and active market, which represent the net asset value (NAV) of shares held by the Plan.  The money market fund seeks to maintain a $1.00 NAV.

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Mutual Funds: Valued at quoted market prices in an exchange and active market, which represent the net asset values of shares held by the Plan.

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Common Investment Trust (CIT): The fair value of participation units held in the Principal Stable Value Fund are based on net asset value, which is obtained from audited information reported by the issuer of the common collective trust at year-end and is used as a practical expedient. This practical expedient is not used when it is determined to be probable that the fund will sell the investment for an amount different than the reported NAV. Investments held by a CIT are required to be reported at fair value, however, contract value is the relevant measurement characteristic for that portion of the net assets of a CIT attributable to fully benefit-responsive investment contracts. This is because contract value is the amount participants would receive if they were to initiate permitted transactions under the terms of the underlying defined-contribution plans. There are no unfunded commitments relating to these investments.

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The investment objective of the Principal Stable Value Fund is to provide preservation of capital, relatively stable returns consistent with its comparatively low risk profile, and liquidity for benefit-responsive payments. Withdrawals from the Principal Stable Value Fund for benefit payments and participant transfers to noncompeting options are made to plan participants promptly upon request but in all cases within 30 days after written notification has been received.  All plan sponsor-directed full or partial withdrawals are subject to a twelve month advance written notice requirement, though the Principal Stable Value Fund may waive this requirement at its discretion.

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The UFP Industries Inc. Stock Fund (the Fund) is tracked on a unitized basis. At December 31, 2023, the Fund consists of common stock of UFP Industries, Inc. (Plan Sponsor) and funds that are held in the Allspring Government Money Market Fund that are sufficient to meet the Fund’s daily cash needs. Unitization of the Fund allows for daily trades. The value of a unit reflects the combined market value of the common stock and the Allspring Government Money Market Fund held by the Fund. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, 1,620,263 and 1,735,220 units, respectively, were outstanding with a value of $120.47 and $76.68 per unit, respectively.  

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The Plan’s valuation methods may result in a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values.  Although Plan management believes the valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with those participating in the market, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date.

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Purchases and sales of securities are recorded on a trade date basis.  Interest income is recorded on the accrual basis.  Dividends are recorded on the ex-dividend date.  Net appreciation and depreciation include the Plan’s gains and losses on investments bought or sold as well as held during the year.

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Notes Receivable from Participants

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Notes receivables from participants are measured at their unpaid principal balance plus any accrued but unpaid interest. Delinquent notes receivable from participants are deemed distributions based upon the terms of the Plan document.

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Payment of Benefits

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Benefits are recorded when paid.

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Concentration of Investments

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Included in investments at December 31, 2023 and 2022 are shares of the Plan Sponsor’s common stock with an aggregate fair value of $191,491,497 and $129,942,659, respectively.  This investment represents 29% and 25% of total investments at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.  A significant decline in the market value of the Plan Sponsor’s stock would significantly affect the net assets available for benefits.

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Administrative Expenses

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Administrative expenses incurred in connection with the operations of the Plan are paid via certain investment and transactional fees which are borne by the Plan and applied to applicable participant balances. These fees are disclosed in the annual Fee Disclosure Notice and on individual account statements sent to all Plan participants. Substantially all of these expenses are paid to parties-in-interest of the Plan and are based on reasonable and customary rates for the related services. Certain administrative expenses not reflected in this report are paid directly by the Plan Sponsor.

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Effective on December 31, 2023, the PalletOne, Inc. 401(k) Retirement Plan merged with the Plan. As a result, all assets of the PalletOne, Inc. 401(k) Retirement Plan (an affiliated plan) were transferred into the Plan. The PalletOne, Inc. 401(k) Retirement Plan no longer exists as a separate plan. The Plan has recorded a receivable from another qualified plan of $52,114,275 in the Statement of Net Assets Available for Benefits as of December 31, 2023.

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The tables below set forth by level within the fair value hierarchy the Plan’s investments as of December 31, 2023 and 2022.

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* The investment in the collective investment trust is measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient and has not been categorized in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in this table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the Statements of Net Assets Available for Benefits.

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The Plan Sponsor has received a determination letter from the Internal Revenue Service dated March 17, 2017, stating that the Plan is qualified under section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code (the Code), and, therefore, the related trust is exempt from taxation. Subsequent to this determination by the Internal Revenue Service, the Plan was amended and restated. Once qualified, the Plan is required to operate in conformity with the Code to maintain its qualification. The Plan Sponsor believes the Plan is being operated in compliance with the applicable requirements of the Code and, therefore, believes that the Plan, as amended and restated, is qualified and the related trust is tax exempt.

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Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America require plan management to evaluate tax positions taken by the Plan and recognize a tax liability (or asset) if the Plan has taken an uncertain position that more likely than not would not be sustained upon examination by the Internal Revenue Service.  The Plan is subject to routine audits by taxing jurisdictions; however, there are currently no audits for any tax periods in progress.

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Transactions resulting in Plan assets being transferred to or used by a related party are prohibited under ERISA unless a specific exemption is applied. Principal is a party-in-interest and qualified institution as defined by ERISA. The Plan also invests in the common stock of the Company, which it holds in the Plan. See Note 2 for additional information related to the Company’s stock. Notes receivable from participants are also considered party-in-interest transactions. All of the above transactions are exempt from the “prohibited transactions” provisions of ERISA and the Code.

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During the Plan year ended December 31, 2023, employee withholdings in the amount of $4,742, were not remitted within the appropriate time period by the Company. These transactions constitute prohibited transactions, as defined by ERISA. The 2023 members' contributions transferred late to the Plan have been fully corrected to make members' accounts whole during the year ended December 31, 2023. There were no late remittances during the Plan year ended December 31, 2022.

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UFP Industries, Inc. Employees’ Profit Sharing and

401(k) Plan

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Schedule H, Line 4i – Schedule of Assets (Held at End of Year)

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EIN #38-1465835 Plan #001

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December 31, 2023

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UFP Industries, Inc. Employees’ Profit Sharing and

401(k) Plan

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Schedule H, Line 4a – Schedule of Delinquent Participant Contributions

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EIN #38-1465835 Plan #001

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December 31, 2023

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*Voluntary Fiduciary Correction Program (DOL)

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SIGNATURES

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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, UFP Industries, Inc., as Plan Administrator, has duly caused this annual report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

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Exhibit 23

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

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UFP Industries, Inc. Employees’ Profit Sharing and 401(k) Plan

Grand Rapids, Michigan

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We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement on Form S-8 (33-84632) of UFP Industries, Inc. of our report dated June 12, 2024, relating to the financial statements and supplemental schedules of UFP Industries, Inc. Employees’ Profit Sharing and 401(k) Plan which appear in this Form 11-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

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s BDO USA, P.C.

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Grand Rapids, Michigan

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June 12, 2024

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