Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering: As soon as practicable after the effective date of the registration statement
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box)
Institutional and
Administration Shares of the Goldman Sachs Limited Maturity Obligations Fund.
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
DATED FEBRUARY 28, 2014
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FUND
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Institutional Shares
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Administration Shares
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GOLDMAN SACHS LIMITED MATURITY OBLIGATIONS FUND
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GPPIX
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GPPAX
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(a series of Goldman Sachs Trust)
Goldman Sachs Trust
71 South
Wacker Drive
Chicago, Illinois 60606
This Statement of Additional Information (the SAI) is not a prospectus. This SAI describes the above-referenced series of Goldman
Sachs Trust. This SAI should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus for the Goldman Sachs Limited Maturity Obligations Fund (the Fund), dated February 28, 2014, as it may be further amended and/or supplemented from time to time (the
Prospectus). The Prospectus may be obtained without charge from Goldman, Sachs & Co. by calling the telephone numbers or writing to one of the addresses listed below, or from institutions (Authorized Institutions)
acting on behalf of their customers.
The Funds Annual Report (when available) may be obtained upon request and without charge
by calling Goldman, Sachs & Co. toll free 1-800-621-2550.
GSAM
®
is a
registered service mark of Goldman, Sachs & Co.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
The date of this SAI is February 28, 2014.
-i-
GOLDMAN SACHS ASSET MANAGEMENT, L.P.
Investment Adviser
200 West Street
New York, NY 10282
GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO.
Distributor
200 West Street
New York, NY 10282
GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO.
Transfer Agent
71 South Wacker Drive
Chicago, Illinois 60606
Toll free (in U.S.):
800-621-2550.
INTRODUCTION
Goldman Sachs Trust (the Trust) is an open-end management investment company. The Trust is organized as a Delaware statutory trust
and was established by a Declaration of Trust dated January 28, 1997. The Trust is a successor to a Massachusetts business trust that was combined with the Trust on April 30, 1997. The following series of the Trust is described in this
SAI: Goldman Sachs Limited Maturity Obligations Fund (the Fund). The Fund is a diversified, open-end management investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the Act).
The Trustees of the Trust have authority under the Declaration of Trust to create and classify shares into separate series and to classify and
reclassify any series or portfolio of shares into one or more classes without further action by shareholders. Pursuant thereto, the Trustees have created the Fund and other series. Additional series may be added in the future from time to time. The
Fund currently offers two classes of shares: Institutional Shares and Administration Shares.
Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P.
(GSAM), an affiliate of Goldman, Sachs & Co. (Goldman Sachs), serves as the investment adviser to the Fund. GSAM is sometimes referred to herein as an Investment Adviser. In addition, Goldman Sachs serves
as the Funds distributor and transfer agent. The Funds custodian is State Street Bank and Trust Company (State Street).
The following information relates to and supplements the description of the Funds investment objectives and policies contained in the
Prospectus. See the Prospectus for a more complete description of the Funds investment objectives and policies. Investing in the Fund entails certain risks and there is no assurance that the Fund will achieve its objective. Capitalized terms
used but not defined herein have the same meaning as in the Prospectus.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES
All investment objectives and investment policies not specifically designated as fundamental may be changed without shareholder
approval. Additional information about the Fund, its policies, and the investment instruments it may hold is provided below.
The
Funds share price will fluctuate with market and economic conditions, so that an investment in the Fund may be worth more or less when redeemed than when purchased. The Fund should not be relied upon as a complete investment program.
The Trust, on behalf of the Fund, has filed a notice of eligibility claiming an exclusion from the definition of the term commodity pool
operator (CPO) under the Commodity Exchange Act (CEA) and therefore is not subject to registration or regulation as a CPO under the CEA.
The Fund is designed for investors who seek to generate current income while maintaining an emphasis on preservation of capital and liquidity.
DESCRIPTION OF INVESTMENT SECURITIES AND PRACTICES
U.S. Government Securities
The Fund
may invest in government securities, which are obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises (U.S. Government Securities). Some U.S. Government Securities (such as
Treasury bills, notes and bonds, which differ only in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance) are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States. Others, such as obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. government
agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises, are supported either by (i) the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury Department (the Treasury), (ii) the discretionary authority of the U.S. government to
purchase certain obligations of the issuer or (iii) only the credit of the issuer. The U.S. government is under no legal obligation, in general, to purchase the obligations of its agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises. No
assurance can be given that the U.S. government will provide financial support to the U.S. government agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises in the future, and the U.S. government may be unable to pay debts when due.
U.S. Government Securities are deemed to include (to the extent consistent with the Act): (i) securities for which the payment of
principal and interest is backed by an irrevocable letter of credit issued by the U.S. government, its agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises; and (ii) participations in loans made to foreign governments or their agencies that are
guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S. government or its agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises. The secondary market for certain of these participations is extremely limited. In the absence of a suitable secondary market,
such participations are regarded as illiquid.
B-1
The Treasury Obligations Fund and Treasury Instruments Fund may invest in securities issued or
guaranteed by the Treasury.
Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities (STRIPS)
. The Fund may
invest in separately traded principal and interest components of securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury. The principal and interest components of selected securities are traded independently under the STRIPS program. Under the STRIPS
program, the principal and interest components are individually numbered and separately issued by the U.S. Treasury at the request of depository financial institutions, which then trade the component parts independently.
Certain Additional Information With Respect to Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae
. The volatility and disruption that impacted the capital and
credit markets during late 2008 and into 2009 have led to increased market concerns about the ability of the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) and the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) to
withstand future credit losses associated with securities held in their investment portfolios, and on which they provide guarantees, without the direct support of the federal government. On September 6, 2008, both Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae
were placed under the conservatorship of the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA). Under the plan of conservatorship, the FHFA has assumed control of, and generally has the power to direct, the operations of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae,
and is empowered to exercise all powers collectively held by their respective shareholders, directors and officers, including the power to (i) take over the assets of and operate Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae with all the powers of the
shareholders, the directors, and the officers of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae and conduct all business of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae; (ii) collect all obligations and money due to Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae; (iii) perform all functions of
Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae which are consistent with the conservators appointment; (iv) preserve and conserve the assets and property of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae; and (v) contract for assistance in fulfilling any function,
activity, action or duty of the conservator. In addition, in connection with the actions taken by the FHFA, the U.S. Treasury entered into certain preferred stock purchase agreements with each of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae which established the U.S.
Treasury as the holder of a new class of senior preferred stock in each of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, which stock was issued in connection with financial contributions from the U.S. Treasury to Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae.
The conditions attached to the financial contribution made by the U.S. Treasury to Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae and the issuance of this senior
preferred stock placed significant restrictions on the activities of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae. Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae must obtain the consent of the U.S. Treasury to, among other things, (i) make any payment to purchase or redeem its
capital stock or pay any dividend other than in respect of the senior preferred stock issued by the U.S. Treasury, (ii) issue capital stock of any kind, (iii) terminate the conservatorship of the FHFA except in connection with a
receivership, or (iv) increase its debt beyond certain specified levels. In addition, significant restrictions were placed on the maximum size of each of Freddie Macs and Fannie Maes respective portfolios of mortgages and
mortgage-backed securities, and the purchase agreements entered into by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae provide that the maximum size of their portfolios of these assets must decrease by a specified percentage each year. On June 16, 2010, FHFA
ordered Fannie Mae and Freddie Macs stock de-listed from the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) after the price of common stock in Fannie Mae fell below the NYSE minimum average closing price of $1 for more than 30 days.
The future status and role of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae could be impacted by (among other things) the actions taken and restrictions placed
on Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae by the FHFA in its role as conservator, the restrictions placed on Freddie Macs and Fannie Maes operations and activities as a result of the senior preferred stock investment made by the U.S. Treasury,
market responses to developments at Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, and future legislative and regulatory action that alters the operations, ownership, structure and/or mission of these institutions, each of which may, in turn, impact the value of, and
cash flows on, any securities guaranteed by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, including any such mortgage-backed securities held by the Fund.
Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities
. The Fund may invest in Treasury inflation-protected securities (TIPS), which are
U.S. Government Securities whose principal value is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. The interest rate on TIPS is fixed at issuance, but over the life of the bond this interest may be paid on an increasing or decreasing
principal value that has been adjusted for inflation. Although repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity is guaranteed, the market value of TIPS is not guaranteed, and will fluctuate.
The values of TIPS generally fluctuate in response to changes in real interest rates, which are in turn tied to the relationship between
nominal interest rates and the rate of inflation. If inflation were to rise at a faster rate than nominal interest rates, real interest rates might decline, leading to an increase in the value of TIPS. In contrast, if nominal interest rates were to
increase at a faster rate than inflation, real interest rates might rise, leading to a decrease in the value of TIPS. If inflation is lower than expected during the period the Fund holds TIPS, the Fund may earn less on the TIPS than on a
conventional bond. If interest rates rise due to reasons other than inflation (for example, due to changes in the currency exchange rates), investors in TIPS may not be protected to the extent that the increase is not reflected in the bonds
inflation measure. There can be no assurance that the inflation index for TIPS will accurately measure the real rate of inflation in the prices of goods and services.
B-2
Any increase in principal value of TIPS caused by an increase in the consumer price index is
taxable in the year the increase occurs, even though the Fund holding TIPS will not receive cash representing the increase at that time. As a result, the Fund could be required at times to liquidate other investments, including when it is not
advantageous to do so, in order to satisfy its distribution requirements as a regulated investment company.
If the Fund invests in TIPS,
it will be required to treat as original issue discount any increase in the principal amount of the securities that occurs during the course of its taxable year. If the Fund purchases such inflation protected securities that are issued in stripped
form either as stripped bonds or coupons, it will be treated as if it had purchased a newly issued debt instrument having original issue discount.
Because the Fund is required to distribute substantially all of its net investment income (including accrued original issue discount), the
Funds investment in either zero coupon bonds or TIPS may require the Fund to distribute to shareholders an amount greater than the total cash income it actually receives. Accordingly, in order to make the required distributions, the Fund may
be required to borrow or liquidate securities.
Custodial Receipts
The Fund may also acquire U.S. Government Securities, municipal obligations or other debt instruments in the form of custodial receipts that
evidence ownership of future interest payments, principal payments or both on certain U.S. Government Securities, municipal obligations or other debt instruments. Such securities are held in custody by a bank on behalf of the owners. These custodial
receipts are known by various names, including Treasury Receipts, Treasury Investors Growth Receipts (TIGRs), and Certificates of Accrual on Treasury Securities (CATS). Although custodial
receipts involving U.S. Government Securities are not considered U.S. government securities for purposes of certain securities laws, the securities underlying such receipts are issued or guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S.
government, its agencies, authorities or instrumentalities.
Bank and Corporate Obligations
The Fund may invest in commercial paper, which may include variable rate demand obligations and asset-backed commercial paper. Commercial paper
represents short-term unsecured promissory notes issued in bearer form by banks or bank holding companies, corporations, and finance companies. The commercial paper purchased by the Fund consists of direct U.S. dollar-denominated obligations of
domestic or foreign issuers. Bank obligations in which the Fund may invest include certificates of deposit, unsecured bank promissory notes, bankers acceptances, fixed time deposits and other debt obligations. Certificates of deposit are
negotiable certificates issued against funds deposited in a commercial bank for a definite period of time and earning a specified return.
Bankers acceptances are negotiable drafts or bills of exchange, normally drawn by an importer or exporter to pay for specific
merchandise, which are accepted by a bank, meaning, in effect, that the bank unconditionally agrees to pay the face value of the instrument on maturity. Fixed time deposits are bank obligations payable at a stated maturity date and
bearing interest at a fixed rate.
Fixed time deposits may be withdrawn on demand by the investor, but may be subject to early withdrawal
penalties which vary depending upon market conditions and the remaining maturity of the obligation. There are no contractual restrictions on the right to transfer a beneficial interest in a fixed time deposit to a third party, although there is no
market for such deposits. Bank notes and bankers acceptances rank junior to domestic deposit liabilities of the bank and pari passu with other senior, unsecured obligations of the bank. Bank notes are not insured by the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation (FDIC) or any other insurer. Deposit notes are insured by the FDIC to the extent of $250,000 per depositor per bank.
The activities of U.S. banks and most foreign banks are subject to comprehensive regulations which, in the case of U.S. regulations, have
undergone substantial changes in the past decade. The enactment of new legislation or regulations, as well as changes in interpretation and enforcement of current laws, may affect the manner of operations and profitability of domestic and foreign
banks. Significant developments in the U.S. banking industry have included increased competition from other types of financial institutions, increased acquisition activity and geographic expansion.
B-3
Banks may be particularly susceptible to certain economic factors, such as interest rate changes
and adverse developments in the market for real estate. Fiscal and monetary policy and general economic cycles can affect the availability and cost of funds, loan demand and asset quality and thereby impact the earnings and financial conditions of
banks.
The Fund may invest in other short-term obligations, including short-term funding agreements payable in U.S. dollars and issued or
guaranteed by U.S. corporations, foreign corporations or other entities. A funding agreement is a contract between an issuer and a purchaser that obligates the issuer to pay a guaranteed rate of interest on a principal sum deposited by the
purchaser. Funding agreements will also guarantee a stream of payments over time. A funding agreement has a fixed maturity date and may have either a fixed or variable interest rate that is based on an index and guaranteed for a set time period.
Because there is generally no secondary market for these investments, funding agreements purchased by the Fund may be regarded as illiquid.
Covered Bonds
Covered Bonds are debt
instruments, issued by a financial institution and secured by a segregated pool of financial assets (the cover pool), typically comprised of mortgages or, in certain cases, public-sector loans. The cover pool, typically maintained by an
issuing financial institution, is designed to pay covered bondholders in the event that there is a default on the payment obligations of a covered bond. To the extent the cover pool assets are insufficient to repay principal and/or interest, covered
bondholders also have a senior, unsecured claim against the issuing financial institution. Covered bonds differ from other debt instruments, including asset-backed securities, in that covered bondholders have claims against both the cover pool and
the issuing financial institution.
Repurchase Agreements
The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with eligible counterparties which furnish collateral at least equal in value or market price to
the amount of their repurchase obligation. Repurchase agreements involving obligations other than U.S. Government securities (such as foreign government securities, commercial paper, corporate bonds, mortgage loans and equities) may be subject to
special risks and may not have the benefit of certain protections in the event of the counterpartys insolvency. A repurchase agreement is similar to a collateralized loan, but involves an arrangement under which the purchaser (
i.e.,
the
Fund) purchases securities subject to the sellers agreement, at the time of sale, to repurchase the securities at a specified time and price. These securities may include securities that could not be held by the Fund without the sellers
repurchase commitment. Repurchase agreements involving obligations other than U.S. Government Securities (such as commercial paper, corporate bonds, mortgage loans, auction rate securities and equity securities) may be subject to special risks and
may not have the benefit of certain protections in the event of a counterpartys insolvency. Custody of the securities will be maintained by the Funds custodian or subcustodian for the duration of the agreement. The repurchase price may
be higher than the purchase price, the difference being income to the Fund, or the purchase and repurchase prices may be the same, with interest at a stated rate due to the Fund together with the repurchase price on repurchase. In either case, the
income to the Fund is unrelated to the interest rate, if any, on the securities subject to the repurchase agreement. The seller of a repurchase agreement will agree that the value of the purchased securities will at all times equal or exceed the
repurchase price during the term of the repurchase agreement.
For purposes of the Act, and generally, for tax purposes, a repurchase
agreement is deemed to be a loan from the Fund to the seller of the security. It is not clear whether for other purposes a court would consider the securities purchased by the Fund subject to a repurchase agreement as being owned by the Fund or as
being collateral for a loan by the Fund to the seller.
In the event of commencement of bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings with respect
to the seller of the security before repurchase of the security under a repurchase agreement, the Fund may encounter delay and incur costs before being able to sell the security. Such a delay may involve loss of interest or a decline in price of the
security. If the court characterizes the transaction as a loan and the Fund has not perfected a security interest in the security, the Fund may be required to return the security to the sellers estate and be treated as an unsecured creditor of
the seller. As an unsecured creditor, the Fund would be at risk of losing some or all of the principal and interest involved in the transaction. To minimize this risk, the Fund utilizes custodians and subcustodians that the Investment Adviser
believes follow customary securities industry practice with respect to repurchase agreements, and the Investment Adviser analyzes the creditworthiness of the obligor, in this case the seller of the securities. But because of the legal uncertainties,
this risk, like others associated with repurchase agreements, cannot be eliminated.
Apart from the risks associated with bankruptcy or
insolvency proceedings, there is also the risk that the seller may fail to repurchase the security. However, if the market value of the securities subject to the repurchase agreement becomes less than the repurchase price (including accrued
interest), the Fund will direct the seller of the securities to deliver additional securities so that the market value of all securities subject to the repurchase agreement equals or exceeds the repurchase price.
B-4
The Fund may not invest in repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days if, as a result
thereof, more than 10% of the Funds total assets would be invested in such investments and other securities which are not readily marketable. Certain repurchase agreements which mature in more than seven days can be liquidated before the
nominal fixed term on seven days or less notice. Such repurchase agreements will be regarded as liquid instruments.
In addition, pursuant
to exemptive relief granted by the SEC, the Fund, together with other registered investment companies having advisory agreements with the Investment Adviser or its affiliates, may transfer uninvested cash balances into a single joint account, the
daily aggregate balance of which will be invested in one or more repurchase agreements.
Foreign Securities
The Fund may invest in certificates of deposit, commercial paper, unsecured bank promissory notes, bankers acceptances, fixed time
deposits and other debt obligations issued or guaranteed by major foreign banks which have more than $1 billion in total assets at the time of purchase, U.S. branches of such foreign banks (Yankee obligations), foreign branches of such foreign banks
and foreign branches of U.S. banks. The Fund is restricted to purchasing U.S. dollar-denominated securities, but is not otherwise precluded from purchasing securities of foreign issuers.
Investments in foreign securities and bank obligations may involve considerations different from investments in domestic securities due to
limited publicly available information; non-uniform accounting standards; the possible imposition of withholding or confiscatory taxes; the possible adoption of foreign governmental restrictions affecting the payment of principal and interest;
expropriation; or other adverse political or economic developments. In addition, it may be more difficult to obtain and enforce a judgment against a foreign issuer or a foreign branch of a domestic bank and the legal remedies for investors may be
more limited than the remedies available in the United States.
Investing in Europe
. While the Fund may invest only in U.S.
dollar-denominated obligations, the prices of certain of the Funds holdings may nevertheless be sensitive to changes in value of the euro and the underlying events that affect its value. The euro requires participation of multiple sovereign
states forming the Euro zone and is therefore sensitive to the credit, general economic and political position of each such state, including each states actual and intended ongoing engagement with and/or support for the other sovereign states
then forming the European Union, in particular those within the Euro zone. Changes in these factors might materially adversely impact the value of securities that the Fund has invested in.
Asset-Backed and Receivables-Backed Securities
The Fund may invest in asset-backed and receivables-backed securities. Asset-backed and receivables-backed securities represent participations
in, or are secured by and payable from, pools of assets such as motor vehicle installment sale contracts, installment loan contracts, leases of various types of real and personal property, receivables from revolving credit (credit card) agreements,
corporate receivables and other categories of receivables. Such asset pools are securitized through the use of privately-formed trusts or special purpose vehicles. Payments or distributions of principal and interest may be guaranteed up to certain
amounts and for a certain time period by a letter of credit or a pool insurance policy issued by a financial institution or other credit enhancements may be present. The value of the Funds investments in asset-backed and receivables-backed
securities may be adversely affected by prepayment of the underlying obligations. In addition, the risk of prepayment may cause the value of these investments to be more volatile than a Funds other investments.
Through the use of trusts and special purpose corporations, various types of assets, including automobile loans, computer leases, trade
receivables and credit card receivables, are being securitized in pass-through structures similar to the mortgage pass-through structures. Consistent with its investment objective and policies, the Fund may invest in these and other types of
asset-backed securities that may be developed. This SAI may be amended or supplemented as necessary to reflect the intention of the Fund to invest in asset-backed securities with characteristics that are materially different from the securities
described above. However, the Fund will generally not invest in an asset-backed security if the income received with respect to its investment constitutes rental income or other income not treated as qualifying income under the 90% test described in
TAXATION below.
As set forth below, several types of asset-backed and receivables-backed securities are offered to investors,
including for example, Certificates for Automobile Receivables (CARS) and interests in pools of credit card receivables. CARS represent undivided fractional interests in a trust (CAR Trust) whose assets consist of a pool of
motor vehicle retail installment sales contracts and security interests in the vehicles securing the contracts. Payments of principal and interest on CARS are passed through monthly
B-5
to certificate holders, and are guaranteed up to certain amounts and for a certain time period by a letter of credit issued by a financial institution unaffiliated with the trustee or originator
of the CAR Trust. An investors return on CARS may be affected by early prepayment of principal on the underlying vehicle sales contracts. If the letter of credit is exhausted, the CAR Trust may be prevented from realizing the full amount due
on a sales contract because of state law requirements and restrictions relating to foreclosure sales of vehicles and the obtaining of deficiency judgments following such sales or because of depreciation, damage or loss of a vehicle, the application
of federal and state bankruptcy and insolvency laws, or other factors. As a result, certificate holders may experience delays in payments or losses if the letter of credit is exhausted.
Asset-backed securities present certain risks that are not presented by mortgage-backed securities. Primarily, these securities may not have
the benefit of any security interest in the related assets. Credit card receivables are generally unsecured, and the debtors are entitled to the protection of a number of state and federal consumer credit laws, many of which give such debtors the
right to set off certain amounts owed on the credit cards, thereby reducing the balance due. There is the possibility that recoveries on repossessed collateral may not, in some cases, be available to support payments on these securities.
Asset-backed securities are often backed by a pool of assets representing the obligations of a number of different parties. To lessen the
effect of failures by obligors on underlying assets to make payments, the securities may contain elements of credit support which fall into two categories: (i) liquidity protection, and (ii) protection against losses resulting from
ultimate default by an obligor or servicer. Liquidity protection refers to the provision of advances, generally by the entity administering the pool of assets, the provision of a reserve fund, or a combination thereof to ensure, subject to certain
limitations, that scheduled payments on the underlying pool are made in a timely fashion. Protection against losses resulting from default ensures ultimate payment of the obligations on at least a portion of the assets in the pool. This protection
may be provided through guarantees, policies or letters of credit obtained by the issuer or sponsor from third parties, through various means of structuring the transactions or through a combination of such approaches. The degree of credit support
provided for each issue is generally based on historical information reflecting the level of credit risk associated with the underlying assets.
Delinquency or loss in excess of that anticipated or failure of the credit support could adversely affect the value of or return on an
investment in such a security. The availability of asset-backed securities may be affected by legislative or regulatory developments. It is possible that such developments could require the Fund to dispose of any then-existing holdings of such
securities.
To the extent consistent with its investment objectives and policies, the Fund may invest in new types of asset-backed
securities that may be developed in the future.
Forward Commitments and When-Issued Securities
The Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued basis and enter into forward commitments. These transactions involve a commitment by the Fund
to purchase or sell securities at a future date beyond the customary settlement time. The price of the underlying securities (usually expressed in terms of yield) and the date when the securities will be delivered and paid for (the settlement date)
are fixed at the time the transaction is negotiated. When-issued purchases and forward commitment transactions are negotiated directly with the other party, and such commitments are not traded on exchanges, but may be traded over-the-counter.
The Fund will purchase securities on a when-issued basis or purchase or sell securities on a forward commitment basis only with the intention
of completing the transaction and actually purchasing or selling the securities. If deemed advisable as a matter of investment strategy, however, the Fund may dispose of or renegotiate a commitment after entering into it. The Fund also may sell
securities it has committed to purchase before those securities are delivered to the Fund on the settlement date. The Fund may realize capital gains or losses in connection with these transactions; distributions from any net capital gains would be
taxable to its shareholders. For purposes of determining the Funds average dollar weighted maturity, the maturity of when-issued or forward commitment securities for fixed-rate obligations will be calculated from the commitment date.
When the Fund purchases securities on a when-issued or forward commitment basis, the Fund will identify on its books cash or liquid assets
having a value at least equal to the amount of the Funds purchase commitments. Alternatively, the Fund may enter into off-setting contracts for the forward sale of securities. These procedures are designed to ensure that the Fund will maintain
sufficient assets at all times to cover its obligations under when-issued purchases and forward commitments.
B-6
Variable Rate Demand Obligations
The Fund may purchase variable rate demand obligations. These obligations permit the investment of fluctuating amounts at varying rates of
interest pursuant to direct arrangements between the Fund, as lender, and the borrower. Variable rate demand obligations are not generally transferable and are not ordinarily rated. The Fund may invest in them only if the Investment Adviser believes
that the notes are of comparable quality to the other obligations in which the Fund may invest.
Variable Rate and Floating Rate Obligations
The interest rates payable on certain fixed income securities in which the Fund may invest are not fixed and may fluctuate based upon changes
in market rates. A variable rate obligation has an interest rate which is adjusted at predesignated periods in response to changes in the market rate of interest on which the interest rate is based. Variable and floating rate obligations are less
effective than fixed rate instruments at locking in a particular yield. Nevertheless, such obligations may fluctuate in value in response to interest rate changes if there is a delay between changes in market interest rates and the interest reset
date for the obligation, or for other reasons.
The Fund may purchase variable and floating rate demand instruments that are municipal
obligations or other debt securities issued by corporations and other non-governmental issuers that possess a floating or variable interest rate adjustment formula. These instruments permit the Fund to demand payment of the principal balance plus
unpaid accrued interest upon a specified number of days notice to the issuer or its agent. The demand feature may be backed by a bank letter of credit or guarantee, or the credit enhancement issued with respect to such instrument.
The terms of the variable or floating rate demand instruments that the Fund may purchase provide that interest rates are adjustable at
intervals ranging from daily to up to three years, and the adjustments are based upon current market levels, the prime rate of a bank or other appropriate interest rate adjustment index as provided in the respective instruments. Some of these
instruments are payable on demand on a daily basis or on not more than seven days notice. Others, such as instruments with quarterly or semi-annual interest rate adjustments, may be put back to the issuer on designated days, usually on not
more than thirty days notice. Still others are automatically called by the issuer unless the Fund instructs otherwise. The Trust, on behalf of the Fund, may exercise the demand (i) upon a default under the terms of the debt security;
(ii) as needed to provide liquidity to the Fund; (iii) to maintain the respective quality standards of the Funds investment portfolio; or (iv) to attain a more optimal portfolio structure. The Fund will determine the variable or
floating rate demand instruments that it will purchase in accordance with procedures approved by the Trustees to minimize credit risks. To be eligible for purchase by the Fund, a variable or floating rate demand instrument which is unrated must have
high quality characteristics similar to other obligations in which the Fund may invest. The Investment Adviser may determine that an unrated variable or floating rate demand instrument meets the Funds quality criteria by reason of being backed
by a letter of credit, guarantee, or demand feature issued by an entity that meets the quality criteria for the Fund. Thus, either the credit of the issuer of the obligation or the provider of the credit support or both will meet the quality
standards of the Fund.
As stated in the Prospectus and this SAI, the Fund may consider the maturity of a long-term variable or floating
rate demand instrument to be shorter than its ultimate stated maturity under specified conditions. The Fund will also consider the liquidity of the market for variable and floating rate instruments, and in the event that such instruments are
illiquid, the Funds investments in such instruments will be subject to the limitation on illiquid investments.
The Fund may invest
in variable or floating rate participation interests in municipal obligations held by financial institutions (usually commercial banks). Such participation interests provide the Fund with a specific undivided interest (up to 100%) in the underlying
obligation and the right to demand payment of its proportional interest in the unpaid principal balance plus accrued interest from the financial institution upon a specific number of days notice. In addition, the participation interest may be
backed by an irrevocable letter of credit or guarantee from the institution. The financial institution usually is entitled to a fee for servicing the obligation and providing the letter of credit.
Restricted and Other Illiquid Securities
The Fund may purchase securities that are not registered (restricted securities) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
1933 Act), including restricted securities that can be offered and sold to qualified institutional buyers under Rule 144A under the 1933 Act. However, the Fund will not invest more than 10% of the value of its total assets
(measured at the time of purchase) in securities which are illiquid, which includes fixed time deposits with a notice or demand period of more than seven days that cannot be traded on a secondary market and certain restricted securities. The Board
of Trustees has adopted guidelines under which the Investment Adviser determines and monitors the liquidity of restricted securities subject to the oversight of the Trustees. Restricted securities (including securities issued under Rule 144A and
commercial paper issued under Section 4(2) of the 1933 Act) which are determined to be liquid will not be deemed to be illiquid investments for purposes of the foregoing restriction. Since it is not possible
B-7
to predict with assurance that the market for restricted securities will continue to be liquid, the Investment Adviser will monitor the Funds investments in these securities, focusing on
such important factors, among others, as valuation, liquidity and availability of information. This investment practice could have the effect of increasing the level of illiquidity in the Fund to the extent that qualified institutional buyers become
for a time uninterested in purchasing these restricted securities.
Pooled Investment Vehicles
The Fund may invest in securities of pooled investment vehicles, including other investment companies. The Fund will indirectly bear its
proportionate share of any management fees and other expenses paid by pooled investment vehicles in which it invests, in addition to the management fees (and other expenses) paid by the Fund. The Funds investments in other investment companies
are subject to statutory limitations prescribed by the Act, including in certain circumstances a prohibition on the Fund acquiring more than 3% of the voting shares of any other investment company, and a prohibition on investing more than 5% of the
Funds total assets in securities of any one investment company or more than 10% of its total assets in the securities of all investment companies. Pursuant to an exemptive order obtained from the SEC or under an exemptive rule adopted by the
SEC, the Fund may invest in investment companies and money market funds for which the Investment Adviser or any of its affiliates serves as investment adviser, administrator and/or distributor. However, to the extent that the Fund invests in a money
market fund for which the Investment Adviser or any of its affiliates acts as investment adviser, the management fees payable by the Fund to the Investment Adviser will, to the extent required by the SEC, be reduced by an amount equal to the
Funds proportionate share of the management fees paid by such money market fund to its investment adviser. Although the Fund does not expect to do so in the foreseeable future, the Fund is authorized to invest substantially all of its assets
in a single open-end investment company or series thereof that has substantially the same investment policies and fundamental restrictions as the Fund. Additionally, to the extent that the Fund serves as an underlying fund to another
Goldman Sachs Fund, the Fund may invest a percentage of its assets in other investment companies only if those instruments are consistent with applicable law and/or exemptive relief obtained from the SEC.
Municipal Obligations
The Fund may
invest in municipal obligations. Municipal obligations are issued by or on behalf of states, territories and possessions of the United States and their political subdivisions, agencies, authorities and instrumentalities and the District of Columbia
to obtain funds for various public purposes. The interest on most of these obligations is generally exempt from regular federal income tax. Two principal classifications of municipal obligations are notes and bonds. The Fund
may invest in municipal obligations when yields on such securities are attractive compared to those of other taxable investments.
Notes
. Municipal notes are generally used to provide for short-term capital needs and generally have maturities of one year or less.
Municipal notes include tax anticipation notes, revenue anticipation notes, bond anticipation notes, tax and revenue anticipation notes, construction loan notes, tax-exempt commercial paper and certain receipts for municipal obligations.
Tax anticipation notes are sold to finance working capital needs of municipalities. They are generally payable from specific tax revenues
expected to be received at a future date. They are frequently general obligations of the issuer, secured by the taxing power for payment of principal and interest. Revenue anticipation notes are issued in expectation of receipt of other types of
revenue such as federal or state aid. Tax anticipation notes and revenue anticipation notes are generally issued in anticipation of various seasonal revenues such as income, sales, use, and business taxes. Bond anticipation notes are sold to provide
interim financing in anticipation of long-term financing in the market. In most cases, these monies provide for the repayment of the notes. Tax-exempt commercial paper consists of short-term unsecured promissory notes issued by a state or local
government or an authority or agency thereof. The Fund may also acquire securities in the form of custodial receipts which evidence ownership of future interest payments, principal payments or both on certain state and local governmental and
authority obligations when, in the opinion of bond counsel, if any, interest payments with respect to such custodial receipts are excluded from gross income for federal income tax purposes. Such obligations are held in custody by a bank on behalf of
the holders of the receipts. These custodial receipts are known by various names, including Municipal Receipts (MRs) and Municipal Certificates of Accrual on Tax-Exempt Securities (MCATS). There are a
number of other types of notes issued for different purposes and secured differently from those described above.
Bonds
. Municipal
bonds, which generally meet longer term capital needs and have maturities of more than one year when issued, have two principal classifications, general obligation bonds and revenue bonds.
General obligation bonds are issued by entities such as states, counties, cities, towns and regional districts and are used to fund a wide
range of public projects including the construction or improvement of schools, highways and roads, water and sewer systems and a variety of other public purposes. The basic security of general obligation bonds is the issuers pledge of its
faith, credit, and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest. The taxes that can be levied for the payment of debt service may be limited or unlimited as to rate or amount or special assessments.
B-8
Revenue bonds have been issued to fund a wide variety of capital projects including: electric,
gas, water and sewer systems; highways, bridges and tunnels; port and airport facilities; colleges and universities; and hospitals. The principal security for a revenue bond is generally the net revenues derived from a particular facility or group
of facilities or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special excise or other specific revenue source. Although the principal security behind these bonds varies widely, many provide additional security in the form of a debt service reserve fund
whose monies may also be used to make principal and interest payments on the issuers obligations. Housing finance authorities have a wide range of security including partially or fully insured, rent subsidized and/or collateralized mortgages,
and/or the net revenues from housing or other public projects. In addition to a debt service reserve fund, some authorities provide further security in the form of a states ability (without obligation) to make up deficiencies in the debt
service reserve fund. Lease rental revenue bonds issued by a state or local authority for capital projects are secured by annual lease rental payments from the state or locality to the authority sufficient to cover debt service on the
authoritys obligations.
The Fund may also invest in private activity bonds. Private activity bonds (a term that includes certain
types of bonds the proceeds of which are used to a specified extent for the benefit of persons other than governmental units), although nominally issued by municipal authorities, are generally not secured by the taxing power of the municipality but
are secured by the revenues of the authority derived from payments by the industrial user.
Municipal bonds with a series of maturity
dates are called serial bonds. The serial bonds that the Fund may purchase are limited to short-term serial bondsthose with original or remaining maturities of two years or less (or three years or less with respect to floating rate or variable
rate securities). The Fund may purchase long-term bonds provided that have a remaining maturity of two years or less (or three years or less with respect to floating rate or variable rate securities), or, in the case of bonds called for redemption,
the date on which the redemption payment must be made is within two years or three years, as applicable. The Fund may also purchase long-term bonds (sometimes referred to as Put Bonds), which are subject to the Funds commitment to
put the bond back to the issuer at par at a designated time within two years (or three years with respect to floating rate or variable rate securities), and the issuers commitment to so purchase the bond at such price and time.
The Fund may invest in municipal leases, certificates of participation and moral obligation bonds. A municipal lease is an
obligation issued by a state or local government to acquire equipment or facilities.
Certificates of participation represent interests in
municipal leases or other instruments, such as installment contracts. Moral obligations bonds are supported by the moral commitment but not the legal obligation of a state or municipality. In particular, these instruments permit governmental issuers
to acquire property and equipment without meeting constitutional and statutory requirements for the issuance of debt. If, however, the governmental issuer does not periodically appropriate money to enable it to meet its payment obligations under
these instruments, it cannot be legally compelled to do so. If a default occurs, it is likely that the Fund would be unable to obtain another acceptable source of payment. Some municipal leases, certificates of participation and moral obligation
bonds may be illiquid.
The Fund may also invest in tender option bonds. A tender option bond is a municipal obligation (generally held
pursuant to a custodial arrangement) having a relatively long maturity and bearing interest at a fixed rate substantially higher than prevailing short-term tax-exempt rates. The bond is typically issued in conjunction with the agreement of a third
party, such as a bank, broker-dealer or other financial institution, pursuant to which such institution grants the security holder the option, at periodic intervals, to tender its securities to the institution and receive the face value thereof. As
consideration for providing the option, the financial institution receives periodic fees equal to the difference between the bonds fixed coupon rate and the rate, as determined by a remarketing or similar agent at or near the commencement of
such period, that would cause the bond, coupled with the tender option, to trade at par on the date of such determination. Thus, after payment of this fee, the security holder effectively holds a demand obligation that bears interest at the
prevailing short-term, tax- exempt rate. However, an institution will not be obligated to accept tendered bonds in the event of certain defaults by, or a significant downgrading in the credit rating assigned to, the issuer of the bond.
The tender option will be taken into consideration in determining the maturity of tender option bonds and the average portfolio maturity and
the average portfolio life of the Fund. The liquidity of a tender option bond is a function of the credit quality of both the bond issuer and the financial institution providing liquidity. Consequently, tender option bonds are deemed to be liquid
unless, in the opinion of the Investment Adviser, the credit quality of the bond issuer and the financial institution is deemed, in light of the relevant Funds credit quality requirements, to be inadequate.
B-9
In addition to general obligation bonds, revenue bonds and serial bonds, there are a variety of
hybrid and special types of municipal obligations as well as numerous differences in the security of municipal obligations both within and between the two principal classifications above.
The Fund may purchase municipal instruments that are backed by letters of credit issued by foreign banks that have a branch, agency or
subsidiary in the United States. Such letters of credit, like other obligations of foreign banks, may involve credit risks in addition to those of domestic obligations, including risks relating to future political and economic developments,
nationalization, foreign governmental restrictions such as exchange controls and difficulties in obtaining or enforcing a judgment against a foreign bank (including branches).
For the purpose of investment restrictions of the Fund, the identification of the issuer of municipal obligations that are not
general obligation bonds is made by the Investment Adviser on the basis of the characteristics of the obligations as described above, the most significant of which is the source of funds for the payment of principal of and interest on such
obligations.
An entire issue of municipal obligations may be purchased by one or a small number of institutional investors such the Fund.
Thus, the issue may not be said to be publicly offered. Unlike securities which must be registered under the 1933 Act prior to offer and sale, municipal obligations that are not publicly offered may nevertheless be readily marketable. A secondary
market may exist for municipal obligations that were not publicly offered initially.
Municipal obligations purchased for the Fund may be
subject to the Funds policy on holdings of illiquid securities. The Investment Adviser determines whether a municipal obligation is liquid based on whether it may be sold in a reasonable time consistent with the customs of the municipal
markets (usually seven days) at a price (or interest rate) which accurately reflects its value. The Investment Adviser believes that the quality standards applicable to the Funds investments enhance liquidity. In addition, stand-by commitments
and demand obligations also enhance liquidity.
Yields on municipal obligations depend on a variety of factors, including money market
conditions, municipal bond market conditions, the size of a particular offering, the maturity of the obligation and the quality of the issue. High quality municipal obligations tend to have a lower yield than lower rated obligations. Municipal
obligations are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency and other laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors, such as the Federal Bankruptcy Code, and laws, if any, which may be enacted by Congress or state legislatures
extending the time for payment of principal or interest, or both, or imposing other constraints upon enforcement of such obligations or municipalities to levy taxes. There is also the possibility that as a result of litigation or other conditions
the power or ability of any one or more issuers to pay when due principal of and interest on its or their municipal obligations may be materially affected.
Standby Commitments
In order to enhance
the liquidity, stability or quality of municipal obligations, the Fund may acquire the right to sell a security to another party at a guaranteed price and date. Such a right to resell may be referred to as a put, demand feature or standby
commitment, depending on its characteristics. The aggregate price which the Fund pays for securities with standby commitments may be higher than the price which otherwise would be paid for the securities. Standby commitments may not be
available or may not be available on satisfactory terms.
Standby commitments may involve letters of credit issued by domestic or foreign
banks supporting the other partys ability to purchase the security from the Fund. The right to sell may be exercisable on demand or at specified intervals, and may form part of a security or be acquired separately by the Fund.
Management of the Trust understands that the IRS has issued a favorable revenue ruling to the effect that, under specified circumstances, a
registered investment company will be the owner of tax-exempt municipal obligations acquired subject to a put option. Such rulings do not, however, serve as precedent for other taxpayers, are applicable only to the taxpayer requesting the ruling and
have, on occasion, been reversed by the IRS. The IRS has subsequently announced that it will not ordinarily issue advance ruling letters as to the identity of the true owner of property in cases involving the sale of securities or participation
interests therein if the purchaser has the right to cause the security, or the participation interest therein, to be purchased by either the seller or a third party. There is no assurance that standby commitments will be available to the Fund, nor
has the Fund assumed that such commitments will continue to be available under all market conditions.
B-10
Temporary Investments
Due to adverse market conditions or the prevailing interest rate environment, or when the Investment Adviser believes there is an insufficient
supply of appropriate money market or other fixed income instruments in which to invest, the Fund may hold uninvested cash in lieu of such instruments. Cash assets are not income-generating and, as a result, the Funds current yield may be
adversely affected during periods when such positions are held. Cash positions may also subject the Fund to additional risks and costs, such as increased exposure to the creditworthiness of the custodian bank holding the assets and any fees imposed
for large cash balances.
When the Funds assets are invested in such instruments (or are uninvested), the Fund may not be achieving
its investment objective.
Special Note Regarding Market Events
Events in the financial sector over the past several years have resulted in reduced liquidity in credit and fixed income markets and in an
unusually high degree of volatility in the financial markets, both domestically and internationally. While entire markets have been impacted, issuers that have exposure to the real estate, mortgage and credit markets have been particularly affected.
These events and the potential for continuing market turbulence may have an adverse effect on the Funds investments. It is uncertain how long these conditions will continue.
The instability in the financial markets led the U.S. government to take a number of unprecedented actions designed to support certain
financial institutions and certain segments of the financial markets. Federal, state, and foreign governments, regulatory agencies, and self -regulatory organizations may take actions that affect the regulation of the Fund itself, the instruments in
which the Fund invests, or the issuers of such instruments, in ways that are unforeseeable. Such legislation or regulation could limit or preclude the Funds ability to achieve its investment objective.
Governments or their agencies may also acquire distressed assets from financial institutions and acquire ownership interests in those
institutions. The implications of government ownership and disposition of these assets are unclear, and such ownership or disposition may have positive or negative effects on the liquidity, valuation and performance of the Funds portfolio
holdings.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The investment restrictions set forth below have been adopted by the Trust as fundamental policies that cannot be changed without the
affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the Act) of the Fund. The investment objective of the Fund and all other investment policies or practices of the Fund are considered by the Trust not
to be fundamental and accordingly may be changed without shareholder approval. As defined in the Act, a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund means the vote of (i) 67% or more of the shares of the Fund present at
a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund are present or represented by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the shares of the Fund.
For the purposes of the limitations (except for the asset coverage requirement with respect to borrowings, which is subject to different
requirements under the Act), any limitation which involves a maximum percentage shall not be considered violated unless an excess over the percentage occurs immediately after, and is caused by, an acquisition or encumbrance of securities or assets
of, or borrowings by, the Fund.
Fundamental Investment Restrictions
As a matter of fundamental policy, the Fund may not:
|
(1)
|
Invest more than 25% of its total assets in the securities of one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry (excluding the U.S. government or its agencies or instrumentalities);
provided that during normal market conditions, the Fund will invest more than 25% of its total assets in the financial services group of industries;
|
|
(2)
|
Borrow money, except (a) the Fund, to the extent permitted by applicable law, may borrow from banks (as defined in the Act), other affiliated
investment companies and other persons or through reverse repurchase agreements in amounts up to 33-1/3% of its total assets (including the amount borrowed) (investments in reverse repurchase agreements would not be subject to this percentage
limitation if they are covered in accordance with the Act); (b) the Fund may, to the extent permitted by applicable law, borrow up to an additional 5% of its total assets for temporary purposes; (c) the Fund may
|
B-11
|
obtain such short-term credits as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of portfolio securities; (d) the Fund may purchase securities on margin to the extent permitted by
applicable law; and (e) the Fund may engage in transactions in mortgage dollar rolls which are accounted for as financings;
|
The following interpretation applies to, but is not part of, this fundamental policy: In determining whether a particular investment in
portfolio instruments or participation in portfolio transactions is subject to this borrowing policy, the accounting treatment of such instrument or participation shall be considered, but shall not by itself be determinative. Whether a particular
instrument or transaction constitutes a borrowing shall be determined by the Board, after consideration of all of the relevant circumstances.
|
(3)
|
Make loans, except through (a) the purchase of debt obligations in accordance with the Funds investment objective and policies; (b) repurchase agreements with banks, brokers, dealers and other financial
institutions; and (c) loans of securities as permitted by applicable law;
|
|
(4)
|
Underwrite securities issued by others, except to the extent that the sale of portfolio securities by the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriting;
|
|
(5)
|
Purchase, hold or deal in real estate, although the Fund may purchase and sell securities that are secured by real estate or interests therein, securities of real estate investment trusts and mortgage-related securities
and may hold and sell real estate acquired by the Fund as a result of the ownership of securities;
|
|
(6)
|
Invest in physical commodities, except that the Fund may invest in currency and financial instruments and contracts in accordance with its investment objective and policies, including without limitation, structured
notes, futures contracts, swaps, options on commodities, currencies, swaps and futures, ETFs, investment pools and other instruments, regardless of whether such instrument is considered to be a commodity;
|
|
(7)
|
Issue senior securities to the extent such issuance would violate applicable law; and
|
|
(8)
|
Make any investment inconsistent with the Funds classification as a diversified company under the Act.
|
The Fund may, notwithstanding any other fundamental investment restriction or policy, invest some or all of its assets in a single open-end
investment company or series thereof with substantially the same fundamental investment restrictions and policies as the Fund. For purposes of the Funds industry concentration policy, the Investment Adviser may analyze the characteristics of a
particular issuer and instrument and may assign an industry classification consistent with those characteristics. The Investment Adviser may, but need not, consider industry classifications provided by third parties, and the classifications applied
to Fund investments will be informed by applicable law.
Non-Fundamental Investment Restrictions
In addition to the fundamental policies mentioned above, the Trustees have adopted the following non-fundamental policies which can be changed
or amended by action of the Trustees without approval of shareholders. Again, for purposes of the following limitations, any limitation which involves a maximum percentage shall not be considered violated unless an excess over the percentage occurs
immediately after, and is caused by, an acquisition of securities by the Fund.
The Fund may not:
|
(1)
|
Invest in companies for the purpose of exercising control or management;
|
|
(2)
|
Invest more than 10% of the Funds total assets in illiquid investments, including illiquid repurchase agreements with a notice or demand period of more than seven days, securities which are not readily marketable
and restricted securities not eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the 1933 Act;
|
B-12
|
(3)
|
Purchase additional securities if the Funds borrowings (excluding covered mortgage dollar rolls and such short-term credits as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of portfolio securities)
exceed 5% of its net assets; and
|
|
(4)
|
Make short sales of securities, except short sales against-the-box.
|
B-13
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS
The Trusts Leadership Structure
The business and affairs of the Fund are managed under the direction of the Board of Trustees (the Board), subject to the laws of
the State of Delaware and the Trusts Declaration of Trust. The Trustees are responsible for deciding matters of overall policy and reviewing the actions of the Trusts service providers. The officers of the Trust conduct and supervise the
Funds daily business operations. Trustees who are not deemed to be interested persons of the Trust as defined in the Act are referred to as Independent Trustees. Trustees who are deemed to be interested
persons of the Trust are referred to as Interested Trustees. The Board is currently composed of nine Independent Trustees and two Interested Trustees. The Board has selected an Independent Trustee to act as Chairman, whose duties
include presiding at meetings of the Board and acting as a focal point to address significant issues that may arise between regularly scheduled Board and Committee meetings. In the performance of the Chairmans duties, the Chairman will consult
with the other Independent Trustees and the Funds officers and legal counsel, as appropriate. The Chairman may perform other functions as requested by the Board from time to time.
The Board meets as often as necessary to discharge its responsibilities. Currently, the Board conducts regular, in-person meetings at least
six times a year, and holds special in-person or telephonic meetings as necessary to address specific issues that require attention prior to the next regularly scheduled meeting. In addition, the Independent Trustees meet at least annually to
review, among other things, investment management agreements, distribution (Rule 12b-1) and/or service plans and related agreements, transfer agency agreements and certain other agreements providing for the compensation of Goldman Sachs and/or its
affiliates by the Fund, and to consider such other matters as they deem appropriate.
The Board has established six standing committees
Audit, Governance and Nominating, Compliance, Valuation, Dividend and Contract Review Committees. The Board may establish other committees, or nominate one or more Trustees to examine particular issues related to the Boards oversight
responsibilities, from time to time. Each Committee meets periodically to perform its delegated oversight functions and reports its findings and recommendations to the Board. For more information on the Committees, see the section STANDING
BOARD COMMITTEES, below.
The Trustees have determined that the Trusts leadership structure is appropriate because it allows
the Trustees to effectively perform their oversight responsibilities.
Trustees of the Trust
Information pertaining to the Trustees of the Trust as of February 28, 2014 is set forth below.
Independent Trustees
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name, Address and
Age
1
|
|
Position(s)
Held with the
Trust
|
|
Term of
Office and
Length
of
Time Served
2
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
|
|
Number of
Portfolios in Fund
Complex
Overseen by
Trustee
3
|
|
Other Directorships
Held by Trustee
4
|
Ashok N. Bakhru Age: 71
|
|
Chairman of the Board of Trustees
|
|
Since 1996 (Trustee since 1991)
|
|
Mr. Bakhru is retired. He was formerly Director, Apollo Investment Corporation (a business development company) (2008-2013); President, ABN
Associates (a management and financial consulting firm) (19941996 and 19982012); Trustee, Scholarship America (19982005); Trustee, Institute for Higher Education Policy (20032008); Director, Private Equity InvestorsIII
and IV (19982007), and Equity-Linked Investors II (April 20022007).
Chairman of the Board of TrusteesGoldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
111
|
|
None
|
B-14
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name, Address and
Age
1
|
|
Position(s)
Held with the
Trust
|
|
Term of
Office and
Length
of
Time Served
2
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
|
|
Number of
Portfolios in Fund
Complex
Overseen by
Trustee
3
|
|
Other Directorships
Held by Trustee
4
|
Donald C. Burke Age: 53
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Since 2010
|
|
Mr. Burke is retired. He is Director, Avista Corp. (2011Present); and was formerly a Director, BlackRock Luxembourg and Cayman Funds
(20062010); President and Chief Executive Officer, BlackRock U.S. Funds (20072009); Managing Director, BlackRock, Inc. (20062009).
TrusteeGoldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
108
|
|
Avista Corp.
(an energy
company)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
John P. Coblentz, Jr. Age: 72
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Since 2003
|
|
Mr. Coblentz is retired. Formerly, he was Partner, Deloitte & Touche LLP (19752003); Director, Emerging Markets Group, Ltd.
(20042006); and Director, Elderhostel, Inc. (20062012).
TrusteeGoldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
111
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diana M. Daniels
Age: 64
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Since 2007
|
|
Ms. Daniels is retired. Formerly, she was Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary, The Washington Post Company (19912006). Ms.
Daniels serves as a Presidential Councillor of Cornell University (2007Present); Member, Advisory Board, Psychology Without Borders (international humanitarian aid organization) (2007-Present), and former Member of the Legal Advisory Board,
New York Stock Exchange (20032006) and of the Corporate Advisory Board, Standish Mellon Management Advisors (20062007).
TrusteeGoldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
108
|
|
None
|
B-15
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name, Address and
Age
1
|
|
Position(s)
Held with the
Trust
|
|
Term of
Office and
Length
of
Time Served
2
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
|
|
Number of
Portfolios in Fund
Complex
Overseen by
Trustee
3
|
|
Other Directorships
Held by Trustee
4
|
Joseph P. LoRusso
Age: 56
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Since 2010
|
|
Mr. LoRusso is retired. Formerly, he was President, Fidelity Investments Institutional Services Co. (FIIS) (20022008);
Director, FIIS (20022008); Director, Fidelity Investments Institutional Operations Company (20032007); Executive Officer, Fidelity Distributors Corporation (20072008).
TrusteeGoldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
108
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Herbert J. Markley
Age: 63
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Since 2013
|
|
Mr. Markley is retired. Formerly, he was Executive Vice President, Deere & Company (an agricultural and construction equipment
manufacturer) (20072009), and President, Agricultural Division, Deere & Company (20012007).
TrusteeGoldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
108
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jessica Palmer
Age: 65
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Since 2007
|
|
Ms. Palmer is retired. She is Director, Emerson Center for the Arts and Culture (2011-Present); and was formerly a Consultant, Citigroup
Human Resources Department (2007-2008); Managing Director, Citigroup Corporate and Investment Banking (previously, Salomon Smith Barney/Salomon Brothers) (19842006). Ms. Palmer was a Member of the Board of Trustees of Indian Mountain School
(private elementary and secondary school) (20042009).
TrusteeGoldman Sachs
Fund Complex.
|
|
108
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Richard P. Strubel
Age: 74
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Since 1987
|
|
Mr. Strubel is retired. Formerly, he was Director, Cardean Learning Group (provider of educational services via the internet)
(20032008); Trustee Emeritus, The University of Chicago (1987Present).
TrusteeGoldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
111
|
|
The Northern
Trust Mutual
Fund
Complex (64
Portfolios)
(Chairman of
the Board of
Trustees);
Gildan
Activewear
Inc. (a
clothing
marketing and
manufacturing
company)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Roy W. Templin
Age: 53
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Since 2013
|
|
Mr. Templin is retired. He is Director, Con-Way Incorporated (2012 Present); and was formerly Executive Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer, Whirlpool Corporation (an appliance manufacturer and marketer) (20042012).
TrusteeGoldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
108
|
|
Con-Way
Incorporated
(a
transportation,
supply-chain
management
and logistics
services
company)
|
B-16
Interested Trustees
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name, Address and
Age
1
|
|
Position(s)
Held with the
Trust
|
|
Term of
Office and
Length
of
Time Served
2
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
|
|
Number of
Portfolios in
Fund Complex
Overseen by
Trustee
3
|
|
Other Directorships
Held by Trustee
4
|
James A. McNamara*
Age: 51
|
|
President and Trustee
|
|
Since 2007
|
|
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs (December 1998Present); Director of Institutional Fund Sales, GSAM (April 1998December 2000);
and Senior Vice President and Manager, Dreyfus Institutional Service Corporation (January 1993April 1998).
PresidentGoldman Sachs Mutual Fund Complex (November 2007Present); Senior Vice PresidentGoldman Sachs Mutual Fund Complex (May
2007November 2007); and Vice PresidentGoldman Sachs Mutual Fund Complex (20012007).
TrusteeGoldman Sachs Fund Complex (since November 2007 and December 2002May 2004).
|
|
110
|
|
None
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alan A. Shuch* Age: 64
|
|
Trustee
|
|
Since 1990
|
|
Advisory DirectorGSAM (May 1999Present); Consultant to GSAM (December 1994May 1999); and Limited Partner, Goldman Sachs
(December 1994May 1999).
TrusteeGoldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
108
|
|
None
|
*
|
These persons are considered to be Interested Trustees because they hold positions with Goldman Sachs and own securities issued by The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. Each Interested Trustee holds comparable
positions with certain other companies of which Goldman Sachs, GSAM or an affiliate thereof is the investment adviser, administrator and/or distributor.
|
1
|
Each Trustee may be contacted by writing to the Trustee, c/o Goldman Sachs, 200 West Street, New York, New York, 10282, Attn: Caroline Kraus.
|
2
|
Each Trustee holds office for an indefinite term until the earliest of: (a) the election of his or her successor; (b) the date the Trustee resigns or is removed by the Board of Trustees or shareholders, in
accordance with the Trusts Declaration of Trust; (c) the conclusion of the first Board meeting held subsequent to the day the Trustee attains the age of 74 years, subject to waiver by a majority of the Trustees (in accordance with the
current resolutions of the Board of Trustees, which may be changed by the Trustees without shareholder vote); or (d) the termination of the Trust. By resolution of the Board of Trustees determining that an extension of service would be
beneficial to the Trust, the retirement age has been extended for one year with respect to Richard P. Strubel.
|
3
|
The Goldman Sachs Fund Complex includes the Trust, Goldman Sachs Credit Strategies Fund (GSCSF) and Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust (GSVIT). As of February 28, 2014, the Trust consisted of
93 portfolios (86 of which offered shares to the public), GSVIT consisted of 14 portfolios (12 of which offered shares to the public) and GSCSF consisted of one portfolio. The Goldman Sachs Fund Complex also includes, with respect to Messrs. Bakhru,
Coblentz and Strubel, Goldman Sachs Trust II (GSTII), Goldman Sachs BDC, Inc. (GSBDC) and Goldman Sachs MLP Income Opportunities Fund (GSMLP), and with respect to Mr. McNamara, GSTII and GSMLP. GSTII, GSBDC
and GSMLP each consisted of one portfolio. GSBDC did not offer shares to the public.
|
4
|
This column includes only directorships of companies required to report to the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (i.e., public companies) or other investment companies registered under the Act.
|
B-17
The significance or relevance of a Trustees particular experience, qualifications,
attributes and/or skills is considered by the Board on an individual basis. Experience, qualifications, attributes and/or skills common to all Trustees include the ability to critically review, evaluate and discuss information provided to them and
to interact effectively with the other Trustees and with representatives of the Investment Adviser and its affiliates, other service providers, legal counsel and the Funds independent registered public accounting firm, the capacity to address
financial and legal issues and exercise reasonable business judgment, and a commitment to the representation of the interests of the Fund and its Shareholders. The Governance and Nominating Committees charter contains certain other factors
that are considered by the Governance and Nominating Committee in identifying and evaluating potential nominees to serve as Independent Trustees. Based on each Trustees experience, qualifications, attributes and/or skills, considered
individually and with respect to the experience, qualifications, attributes and/or skills of other Trustees, the Board has concluded that each Trustee should serve as a Trustee. Below is a brief discussion of the experience, qualifications,
attributes and/or skills of each individual Trustee as of February 28, 2014 that led the Board to conclude that such individual should serve as a Trustee.
Ashok N. Bakhru
. Mr. Bakhru has served as a Trustee since 1991 and Chairman of the Board since 1996. Previously, Mr. Bakhru served as
Director, Apollo Investment Corporation (a business development company) (2008-2013), and President of ABN Associates, a management and financial consulting firm, and was the Chief Financial Officer, Chief Administrative Officer and Director of Coty
Inc., a multinational cosmetics, fragrance and personal care company. In addition, Mr. Bakhru formerly held several senior management positions at Scott Paper Company, a major manufacturer of paper products, including Senior Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Bakhru also serves on the Governing Council of the Independent Directors Council and the Board of Governors of the Investment Company Institute. He also serves on the Advisory Board of BoardIQ, an investment
publication. In addition, Mr. Bakhru has served as Director of Equity-Linked Investments II and Private Equity Investors III and IV, which are private equity partnerships based in New York City. Mr. Bakhru was also a Director of Arkwright
Mutual Insurance Company. Based on the foregoing, Mr. Bakhru is experienced with financial and investment matters.
Donald C. Burke
.
Mr. Burke has served as Trustee since 2010. Mr. Burke serves as a Director of Avista Corp., an energy company. Mr. Burke was a Managing Director of BlackRock, Inc., where he was President and Chief Executive Officer of
BlackRocks U.S. funds and a director and chairman of several offshore funds advised by BlackRock. As President and Chief Executive Officer of BlackRocks U.S. funds, he was responsible for all accounting, tax and regulatory reporting
requirements for over 300 open-end and closed-end BlackRock funds. Previously, he was a Managing Director, First Vice President and Vice President of Merrill Lynch Investment Managers, L.P. (MLIM), where he worked for 16 years prior to
MLIMs merger with BlackRock, and was instrumental in the integration of BlackRocks and MLIMs operating infrastructure following the merger. While at MLIM, he was Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of MLIMs U.S. funds and
Head of Global Operations and Client Services, where he was responsible for the development and maintenance of MLIMs operating infrastructure across the Americas, Europe and the Pacific Rim. He also developed controls for the MLIM U.S.
funds financial statement certification process to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, worked with fund auditors in connection with the funds annual audits and established the department responsible for all tax issues impacting
the MLIM U.S. funds. Previously, Mr. Burke was Tax Manager at Deloitte & Touche, where he was designated as one of the firms lead specialists in the investment company industry, and advised multinational corporations,
partnerships, universities and high net worth individuals in tax matters. Mr. Burke is a certified public accountant. Based on the foregoing, Mr. Burke is experienced with accounting, financial and investment matters.
John P. Coblentz, Jr
. Mr. Coblentz has served as Trustee since 2003. Mr. Coblentz has been designated as the Boards audit
committee financial expert given his extensive accounting and finance experience. Mr. Coblentz was a partner with Deloitte & Touche LLP for 28 years. While at Deloitte & Touche LLP, Mr. Coblentz was lead partner
responsible for all auditing and accounting services to a variety of large, global companies, a significant portion of which operated in the financial services industry. Mr. Coblentz was also the national managing partner for the firms
risk management function, a member of the firms Management Committee and the first managing partner of the firms Financial Advisory Services practice, which brought together the firms mergers and acquisition services, forensic and
dispute services, corporate finance, asset valuation and reorganization businesses under one management structure. He served as a member of the firms Board of Directors. Mr. Coblentz is a certified public accountant. Based on the
foregoing, Mr. Coblentz is experienced with accounting, financial and investment matters.
Diana M. Daniels
. Ms. Daniels has served as
Trustee since 2007. Ms. Daniels also serves as a Trustee Emeritus and Presidential Councillor of Cornell University. Ms. Daniels held several senior management positions at The Washington Post Company and its subsidiaries, where she worked
for 29 years. While at The Washington Post Company, Ms. Daniels served as Vice President, General Counsel, Secretary to the Board of Directors and Secretary to the Audit Committee. Previously, Ms. Daniels served as Vice President
B-18
and General Counsel of Newsweek, Inc. Ms. Daniels also serves on the Executive Committee of the Governing Council of the Independent Directors Council of the Investment Company Institute.
Ms. Daniels has also served as Vice Chair and Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Board of Trustees of Cornell University and as a member of the Corporate Advisory Board of Standish Mellon Management Advisors and of the Legal Advisory
Board of New York Stock Exchange. Ms. Daniels is also a member of the American Law Institute and of the Advisory Council of the Inter-American Press Association. Based on the foregoing, Ms. Daniels is experienced with legal, financial and
investment matters.
Joseph P. LoRusso
. Mr. LoRusso has served as Trustee since 2010. Mr. LoRusso held a number of senior management
positions at Fidelity Investments for over 15 years, where he was most recently President of Fidelity Investments Institutional Services Co. (FIIS). As President of FIIS, Mr. LoRusso oversaw the development, distribution and
servicing of Fidelitys investment and retirement products through various financial intermediaries. Previously, he served as President, Executive Vice President and Senior Vice President of Fidelity Institutional Retirement Services Co., where
he helped establish Fidelitys 401(k) business and built it into the largest in the U.S. In these positions, he oversaw sales, marketing, implementation, client services, operations and technology. Mr. LoRusso also served on
Fidelitys Executive Management Committee. Prior to his experience with Fidelity, he was Second Vice President in the Investment and Pension Group of John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance, where he had responsibility for developing and running the
companys 401(k) business. Previously, he worked at The Equitable (now a subsidiary of AXA Financial), where he was Product Manager of the companys then-nascent 401(k) business, and at Arthur Andersen & Co. (now Accenture), as a
Senior Consultant within the firms consulting practice. Based on the foregoing, Mr. LoRusso is experienced with financial and investment matters.
Herbert J. (H.J.) Markley
. Mr. Markley has served as a Trustee since 2013. Previously, Mr. Markley held several senior management positions
at Deere & Company, where he worked for 35 years, including Executive Vice President of Worldwide Parts Service, Global Supply Management and Logistics, Enterprise Information Technology and Corporate Communications. Mr. Markleys
experience at Deere included managing manufacturing and engineering facilities, including the two largest manufacturing facilities and a joint venture with Hitachi. He later served as Senior Vice President of Worldwide Human Resources where he
helped to lay the foundation for a new human resources system, and as a President of the Agricultural Division, Deeres largest business unit. In addition to his work with Deere, Mr. Markley has served on the Boards of Directors of the
Dubuque Chamber of Commerce, the First National Bank of Dubuque, the University of Dubuque and the Iowa Public Television Foundation as well as the Board of Overseers of the Amos Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth College. Based on the foregoing,
Mr. Markley is experienced with financial and investment matters.
Jessica Palmer
. Ms. Palmer has served as Trustee since 2007.
Ms. Palmer serves as a Director of Emerson Center for the Arts and Culture, a not-for-profit organization. Ms. Palmer worked at Citigroup Corporate and Investment Banking (previously, Salomon Smith Barney/Salomon Brothers) for over 20
years, where she was a Managing Director. While at Citigroup Corporate and Investment Banking, Ms. Palmer was Head of Global Risk Management, Chair of the Global Commitment Committee, Co-Chair of International Investment Banking (New York) and
Head of Fixed Income Capital Markets. Ms. Palmer was also a member of the Management Committee and Risk Management Operating Committee of Citigroup, Inc. Prior to that, Ms. Palmer was a Vice President at Goldman Sachs in its international
corporate finance department. Ms. Palmer was also Assistant Vice President of the International Division at Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Ms. Palmer was also a member of the Board of Trustees of a private elementary and secondary school. Based on
the foregoing, Ms. Palmer is experienced with financial and investment matters.
Richard P. Strubel
. Mr. Strubel has served as Trustee
since 1987. Mr. Strubel also serves as Chairman of the Northern Funds, a family of retail and institutional mutual funds managed by The Northern Trust Company. He also serves on the board of Gildan Activewear Inc., which is listed on the New
York Stock Exchange (NYSE). Mr. Strubel was Vice-Chairman of the Board of Cardean Learning Group (formerly known as Unext), and previously served as Unexts President and Chief Operating Officer. Mr. Strubel was Managing
Director of Tandem Partners, Inc., a privately-held management services firm, and served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Microdot, Inc. Previously, Mr. Strubel served as President of Northwest Industries, then a NYSE-listed company,
a conglomerate with various operating entities located around the country. Before joining Northwest, Mr. Strubel was an associate and later managing principal of Fry Consultants, a management consulting firm based in Chicago. Mr. Strubel
is also a Trustee Emeritus of the University of Chicago and is an adjunct professor at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. Based on the foregoing, Mr. Strubel is experienced with financial and investment matters.
Roy W. Templin
. Mr. Templin has served as a Trustee since 2013. Mr. Templin is a Director of Con-Way Incorporated, a transportation,
supply-chain management and logistics services company, and serves on its Finance and Audit Committees (he is the Chair of the Finance Committee). Mr. Templin held a number of senior management positions at Whirlpool Corporation, an appliance
manufacturer and marketer, including Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Vice President and Corporate Controller
B-19
there. At Whirlpool, Mr. Templin served on the Executive Committee and was responsible for all aspects of finance globally, including treasury, accounting, risk management, investor
relations, internal auditing, tax and facilities. Prior to joining Whirlpool, Mr. Templin served in several roles at Kimball International, a furniture and electronic assemblies manufacturer, including Vice President of Finance and Chief
Accounting Officer. Mr. Templin was also a Director of Corporate Finance for Cummins, Inc., a diesel engine manufacturer, a Director of Financial Development at NCR Corporation, a computer hardware and electronics company, and a member of the
audit staff of Price Waterhouse (now PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP). Mr. Templin is a certified public accountant. Based on the foregoing, Mr. Templin is experienced with accounting, financial and investment matters.
James A. McNamara
. Mr. McNamara has served as Trustee and President of the Trust since 2007 and has served as an officer of the Trust since 2001.
Mr. McNamara is a Managing Director at Goldman Sachs. Mr. McNamara is currently head of Global Third Party Distribution at GSAM, where he was previously head of U.S. Third Party Distribution. Prior to that role, Mr. McNamara served as
Director of Institutional Fund Sales. Prior to joining Goldman Sachs, Mr. McNamara was Vice President and Manager at Dreyfus Institutional Service Corporation. Based on the foregoing, Mr. McNamara is experienced with financial and
investment matters.
Alan A. Shuch
. Mr. Shuch has served as a Trustee since 1990. Mr. Shuch is an Advisory Director to Goldman Sachs.
Mr. Shuch serves on the Board of Trustees of a number of offshore funds managed by GSAM. He serves on GSAMs Valuation Committee. Prior to retiring as a general partner of Goldman Sachs in 1994, Mr. Shuch was president and chief
operating officer of GSAM which he founded in 1988. Mr. Shuch joined the Goldman Sachs Fixed Income Division in 1976. He was instrumental in building Goldman Sachs Corporate Bond Department and served as co-head of the Global Fixed Income
Sales and the High Yield Bond and Preferred Stock Departments. He headed the Portfolio Restructuring and Fixed Income Quantitative and Credit Research Departments. Mr. Shuch also served on a variety of firm-wide committees including the
International Executive, New Product and Strategic Planning Committees and was a member of the Stone Street/Bridge Street Private Equity Board. Mr. Shuch serves on Whartons Graduate Executive Board. Based on the foregoing, Mr. Shuch
is experienced with financial and investment matters.
Officers of the Trust
Information pertaining to the officers of the Trust as of February 28, 2014 is set forth below.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name, Age and Address
|
|
Position(s) Held
with the Trust
|
|
Term of Office and
Length of Time
Served
1
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
|
James A. McNamara
200 West Street
New York, NY 10282
Age: 51
|
|
Trustee and President
|
|
Since 2007
|
|
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs (December 1998 Present); Director of Institutional Fund Sales, GSAM (April 1998 December
2000); and Senior Vice President and Manager, Dreyfus Institutional Service Corporation (January 1993 April 1998).
President, Goldman Sachs Fund Complex (November 2007 Present); Senior Vice President, Goldman Sachs Fund Complex (May 2007 November 2007); and
Vice President, Goldman Sachs Fund Complex (2001 2007).
Trustee Goldman
Sachs Fund Complex (November 2007 Present and December 2002 May 2004).
|
|
|
|
|
Scott McHugh
200 West Street
New York, NY 10282
Age: 42
|
|
Treasurer,
Senior Vice President and Principal
Financial Officer
|
|
Since 2009 (Principal Financial Officer since 2013)
|
|
Vice President, Goldman Sachs (February 2007 Present); Assistant Treasurer of certain mutual funds administered by DWS Scudder (2005
2007); and Director (2005 2007), Vice President (2000 2005), and Assistant Vice President (1998 2000), Deutsche Asset Management or its predecessor (1998 2007).
Principal Financial Officer, Goldman Sachs Fund Complex (November 2013 Present);
Treasurer Goldman Sachs Fund Complex (October 2009 Present); Senior Vice President Goldman Sachs Fund Complex (November 2009 Present); and Assistant Treasurer Goldman Sachs Fund Complex (May 2007 October
2009).
|
B-20
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name, Age and Address
|
|
Position(s) Held
with the Trust
|
|
Term of Office and
Length of Time
Served
1
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
|
|
|
|
|
Philip V. Giuca, Jr.
30 Hudson Street
Jersey City, NJ 07302
Age: 51
|
|
Assistant Treasurer
|
|
Since 1997
|
|
Vice President, Goldman Sachs (May 1992 Present).
Assistant Treasurer Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Peter Fortner
30 Hudson Street
Jersey City, NJ 07302
Age: 56
|
|
Assistant Treasurer
|
|
Since 2000
|
|
Vice President, Goldman Sachs (July 2000 Present); Principal Financial Officer, Commerce Bank Mutual Fund Complex (2008
Present); Associate, Prudential Insurance Company of America (November 1985 June 2000); and Assistant Treasurer, certain closed-end funds administered by Prudential (1999 2000).
Assistant Treasurer Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Kenneth G. Curran
30 Hudson Street
Jersey City, NJ 07302
Age: 50
|
|
Assistant Treasurer
|
|
Since 2001
|
|
Vice President, Goldman Sachs (November 1998 Present); and Senior Tax Manager, KPMG Peat Marwick (accountants) (August 1995
October 1998).
Assistant Treasurer Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Sarah Walton
30 Hudson Street
Jersey City, NJ 07302
Age: 42
|
|
Assistant Treasurer
|
|
Since 2012
|
|
Vice President, Goldman Sachs (December 2002 Present); and Associate, Goldman Sachs (February 2000 December 2002).
Assistant Treasurer Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Jesse Cole
71 South Wacker Drive
Chicago, IL 60606
Age: 50
|
|
Vice President
|
|
Since 1998
|
|
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs (December 2006 Present); Vice President, GSAM (June 1998 Present); and Vice President, AIM
Management Group, Inc. (investment adviser) (April 1996 June 1998).
Vice
President Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Kerry K. Daniels
71 South Wacker Drive
Chicago, IL 60606
Age: 51
|
|
Vice President
|
|
Since 2000
|
|
Manager, Financial Control Shareholder Services, Goldman Sachs (1986 Present).
Vice President Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Mark Hancock
71 South Wacker Drive
Chicago, IL 60606
Age: 46
|
|
Vice President
|
|
Since 2007
|
|
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs (November 2005 Present); Vice President, Goldman Sachs (August 2000 November 2005); Senior
Vice President, Dreyfus Service Corp (1999 2000); and Vice President, Dreyfus Service Corp (1996 1999).
Vice President Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Carlos W. Samuels
6011 Connection Drive
Irving, TX 75039
Age: 39
|
|
Vice President
|
|
Since 2007
|
|
Vice President, Goldman Sachs (December 2007 Present); Associate, Goldman Sachs (December 2005 December 2007); and Analyst,
Goldman Sachs (January 2004 December 2005).
Vice President Goldman Sachs
Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Miriam Cytryn
200 West Street
New York, NY 10282
Age: 55
|
|
Vice President
|
|
Since 2008
|
|
Vice President, GSAM (2008 Present); Vice President of Divisional Management, Investment Management Division (2007 2008); Vice
President and Chief of Staff, GSAM US Distribution (2003 2007); and Vice President of Employee Relations, Goldman Sachs (1996 2003).
Vice President Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
B-21
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name, Age and Address
|
|
Position(s) Held
with the Trust
|
|
Term of Office and
Length of Time
Served
1
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
|
Glen Casey
200 West Street
New York, NY 10282
Age: 49
|
|
Vice President
|
|
Since 2008
|
|
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs (2007 Present); and Vice President, Goldman Sachs (1997 2007).
Vice President Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Mark Heaney
Christchurch Court
10-15 Newgate Street London,
EC1A 7HD, UK
Age: 46
|
|
Vice President
|
|
Since 2010
|
|
Executive Director, GSAM (May 2005 Present); Director of Operations (UK and Ireland), Invesco Asset Management (May 2004 March
2005); Global Head of Investment Administration, Invesco Asset Management (September 2001 May 2004); Managing Director (Ireland), Invesco Asset Management (March 2000 September 2001); and Director of Investment Administration, Invesco
Asset Management (December 1998 March 2000).
Vice President Goldman
Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Michael Magee
30 Hudson Street
Jersey City, NJ 07302
Age: 36
|
|
Vice President
|
|
Since 2012
|
|
Vice President, Goldman Sachs (December 2007-Present); Associate (December 2004-December 2007); and Analyst (December 2002-December
2004).
Vice President Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Robert McCormack
30 Hudson Street
Jersey City, NJ 07302
Age: 40
|
|
Vice President
|
|
Since 2012
|
|
Vice President, Goldman Sachs (December 2008 Present); and Associate, Goldman Sachs (September 2005 December 2008).
Vice President Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Greg R. Wilson
200 West Street
New York, NY 10282
Age: 40
|
|
Vice President
|
|
Since 2013
|
|
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs (January 2011 Present); Head of the North American Sub-Advisory & Platform Distribution Group,
GSAM (April 2010 Present); and Business Development and Relationship Management Sub-Advisory & Platform Distribution Group, GSAM (May 2003 April 2010).
Vice President Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Kathryn Quirk
200 West Street
New York, NY 10282
Age: 61
|
|
Vice President
|
|
Since 2013
|
|
Vice President, Goldman Sachs (September 2013 Presents); Vice President and Corporate Counsel, Prudential Insurance Company of America
(September 2004 December 2012); Deputy Chief Legal Officer, Asset Management, Prudential Insurance Company of America (September 2010 December 2012); Co-Chief Legal Officer, Prudential Investment Management, Inc. (July 2008 June
2012); Chief Legal Officer, Prudential Investments LLC (July 2005 June 2012); Chief Legal Officer, Prudential Mutual Funds (September 2004 June 2012).
Vice President Goldman Sachs Fund Complex
|
|
|
|
|
Lawrence J. Restieri
200 West Street
New York, NY 10282
Age: 45
|
|
Vice President
|
|
Since 2013
|
|
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs (2006 Present).
Vice President Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Rachel Schnoll
200 West Street
New York, NY 10282
Age: 44
|
|
Vice President
|
|
Since 2013
|
|
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs (2014 Present); Vice President, Goldman Sachs (2003 2013); Associate, Goldman Sachs (1999
2002).
Vice President Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
B-22
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name, Age and Address
|
|
Position(s) Held
with the Trust
|
|
Term of Office and
Length of Time
Served
1
|
|
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years
|
Caroline Kraus
200 West Street
New York, NY 10282
Age: 36
|
|
Secretary
|
|
Since 2012
|
|
Vice President, Goldman Sachs (August 2006 Present); Associate General Counsel, Goldman Sachs (2012 Present); Assistant General
Counsel, Goldman Sachs (August 2006 December 2011); and Associate, Weil, Gotshal & Manges, LLP (2002 2006).
Secretary Goldman Sachs Fund Complex (August 2012 Present); and Assistant Secretary Goldman Sachs Fund Complex (June 2012 August
2012).
|
|
|
|
|
David Fishman
200 West Street New York, NY
10282
Age: 49
|
|
Assistant Secretary
|
|
Since 2001
|
|
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs (December 2001 Present); and Vice President, Goldman Sachs (1997 December 2001).
Assistant Secretary Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Danny Burke
200 West Street New York, NY
10282
Age: 51
|
|
Assistant Secretary
|
|
Since 2001
|
|
Vice President, Goldman Sachs (1987 Present).
Assistant Secretary Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Deborah Farrell
30 Hudson Street Jersey City,
NJ 07302
Age: 42
|
|
Assistant Secretary
|
|
Since 2007
|
|
Vice President, Goldman Sachs (2005 Present); Associate, Goldman Sachs (2001 2005); and Analyst, Goldman Sachs (1994
2005).
Assistant Secretary Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Patrick T. OCallaghan
200 West Street
New York, NY 10282
Age: 42
|
|
Assistant Secretary
|
|
Since 2009
|
|
Vice President, Goldman Sachs (2000 Present); Associate, Goldman Sachs (1998 2000); and Analyst, Goldman Sachs (1995
1998).
Assistant Secretary Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
James P. McCarthy
200 West Street New York, NY
10282
Age: 49
|
|
Assistant Secretary
|
|
Since 2009
|
|
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs (2003 Present); Vice President, Goldman Sachs (1996 2003); and Portfolio Manager, Goldman
Sachs (1995 1996).
Assistant Secretary Goldman Sachs Fund
Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Andrew Murphy
200 West Street
New York, NY 10282
Age: 41
|
|
Assistant Secretary
|
|
Since 2010
|
|
Vice President, Goldman Sachs (April 2009 Present); Assistant General Counsel, Goldman Sachs (April 2009 Present); Attorney,
Axiom Legal (2007 2009); and Vice President and Counsel, AllianceBernstein, L.P. (2001 2007).
Assistant Secretary Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Robert Griffith
200 West Street
New York, NY 10282
Age: 39
|
|
Assistant Secretary
|
|
Since 2011
|
|
Vice President, Goldman Sachs (August 2011 Present); Assistant General Counsel, Goldman Sachs (August 2011 Present); Vice
President and Counsel, Nomura Holding America, Inc. (2010 2011); and Associate, Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP (2005 2010).
Assistant Secretary Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
|
|
|
|
Matthew Wolfe
200 West Street
New York, NY 10282
Age: 31
|
|
Assistant Secretary
|
|
Since 2012
|
|
Vice President, Goldman Sachs (July 2012 Present); Assistant General Counsel, Goldman Sachs (July 2012 Present); and Associate,
Dechert LLP (2007 2012).
Assistant Secretary Goldman Sachs Fund
Complex.
|
1
|
Officers hold office at the pleasure of the Board of Trustees or until their successors are duly elected and qualified. Each officer holds comparable positions with certain other companies of which Goldman Sachs, GSAM
or an affiliate thereof is the investment adviser, administrator and/or distributor.
|
B-23
Standing Board Committees
The Audit Committee oversees the audit process and provides assistance to the Board with respect to fund accounting, tax compliance and
financial statement matters. In performing its responsibilities, the Audit Committee selects and recommends annually to the Board an independent registered public accounting firm to audit the books and records of the Trust for the ensuing year, and
reviews with the firm the scope and results of each audit. All of the Independent Trustees serve on the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee held five meetings during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013.
The Governance and Nominating Committee has been established to: (i) assist the Board in matters involving mutual fund governance, which
includes making recommendations to the Board with respect to the effectiveness of the Board in carrying out its responsibilities in governing the Fund and overseeing its management; (ii) select and nominate candidates for appointment or
election to serve as Independent Trustees; and (iii) advise the Board on ways to improve its effectiveness. All of the Independent Trustees serve on the Governance and Nominating Committee. The Governance and Nominating Committee held two
meetings during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013. As stated above, each Trustee holds office for an indefinite term until the occurrence of certain events. In filling Board vacancies, the Governance and Nominating Committee will consider
nominees recommended by shareholders. Nominee recommendations should be submitted to the Trust at its mailing address stated in the Funds Prospectus and should be directed to the attention of the Goldman Sachs Trust Governance and Nominating
Committee.
The Compliance Committee has been established for the purpose of overseeing the compliance processes: (i) of the Fund;
and (ii) insofar as they relate to services provided to the Fund, of the Funds investment adviser, distributor, administrator (if any), and transfer agent, except that compliance processes relating to the accounting and financial
reporting processes, and certain related matters, are overseen by the Audit Committee. In addition, the Compliance Committee provides assistance to the full Board with respect to compliance matters. The Compliance Committee met three times during
the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013. All of the Independent Trustees serve on the Compliance Committee.
The Valuation Committee is
authorized to act for the Board in connection with the valuation of portfolio securities held by the Fund in accordance with the Trusts Valuation Procedures. Messrs. McNamara and Shuch serve on the Valuation Committee, together with certain
employees of GSAM who are not Trustees. The Valuation Committee met twelve times during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013. The Valuation Committee reports periodically to the Board.
The Dividend Committee is authorized, subject to the ratification of Trustees who are not members of the committee, to declare dividends and
capital gain distributions consistent with the Funds Prospectus. Messrs. McNamara and McHugh serve on the Dividend Committee. The Dividend Committee met twelve times during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013.
The Contract Review Committee has been established for the purpose of overseeing the processes of the Board for reviewing and monitoring
performance under the Funds investment management, distribution, transfer agency, and certain other agreements with the Funds Investment Adviser and its affiliates. The Contract Review Committee is also responsible for overseeing the
Boards processes for considering and reviewing performance under the operation of the Funds distribution, service, shareholder administration and other plans, and any agreements related to the plans, whether or not such plans and
agreements are adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the Act. The Contract Review Committee also provides appropriate assistance to the Board in connection with the Boards approval, oversight and review of the Funds other service
providers including, without limitation, the Funds custodian/accounting agent, sub-transfer agents, professional (legal and accounting) firms and printing firms. The Contract Review Committee met four times during the fiscal year ended
March 31, 2013. All of the Independent Trustees serve on the Contract Review Committee.
Risk Oversight
The Board is responsible for the oversight of the activities of the Fund, including oversight of risk management. Day-to-day risk management
with respect to the Fund is the responsibility of GSAM or other service providers (depending on the nature of the risk), subject to supervision by GSAM. The risks of the Fund include, but are not limited to, investment risk, compliance risk,
operational risk, reputational risk, credit risk and counterparty risk. Each of GSAM and the other service providers have their own independent interest in risk management and their policies and methods of risk management may differ from the Fund
and each others in the setting of priorities, the resources available or the effectiveness of relevant controls. As a result, the Board recognizes that it is not possible to identify all of the risks that may affect the Fund or to develop
processes and controls to eliminate or mitigate all of their occurrences or effects because some risks are simply beyond the control of the Fund or GSAM, its affiliates or other service providers.
B-24
The Board effectuates its oversight role primarily through regular and special meetings of the
Board and Board committees. In certain cases, risk management issues are specifically addressed in presentations and discussions. For example, GSAM has an independent dedicated Market Risk Group that assists GSAM in managing investment risk.
Representatives from the Market Risk Group regularly meet with the Board to discuss their analysis and methodologies. In addition, investment risk is discussed in the context of regular presentations to the Board on Fund strategy and performance.
Other types of risk are addressed as part of presentations on related topics (e.g. compliance policies) or in the context of presentations focused specifically on one or more risks. The Board also receives reports from GSAM management on operational
risks, reputational risks and counterparty risks relating to the Fund.
Board oversight of risk management is also performed by various
Board committees. For example, the Audit Committee meets with both the Funds independent registered public accounting firm and GSAMs internal audit group to review risk controls in place that support the Fund as well as test results, and
the Compliance Committee meets with the CCO and representatives of GSAMs compliance group to review testing results of the Funds compliance policies and procedures and other compliance issues. Board oversight of risk is also performed as
needed between meetings through communications between GSAM and the Board. The Board may, at any time and in its discretion, change the manner in which it conducts risk oversight. The Boards oversight role does not make the Board a guarantor
of the Funds investments or activities.
Trustee Ownership of Fund Shares
The following table shows the dollar range of shares beneficially owned by each Trustee (then serving) in the Fund and other portfolios of the
Goldman Sachs Fund Complex as of December 31, 2013, unless otherwise noted.
|
|
|
|
|
Name of Trustee
|
|
Dollar Range of
Equity Securities in the Fund
1
|
|
Aggregate Dollar Range of
Equity Securities in All
Portfolios in Fund
Complex
Overseen By
Trustee
|
Ashok N. Bakhru
|
|
|
|
Over $100,000
|
Donald C. Burke
|
|
|
|
Over $100,000
|
John P. Coblentz, Jr.
|
|
|
|
Over $100,000
|
Diana M. Daniels
|
|
|
|
Over $100,000
|
Joseph P. LoRusso
|
|
|
|
Over $100,000
|
James A. McNamara
|
|
|
|
Over $100,000
|
Jessica Palmer
|
|
|
|
Over $100,000
|
Alan A. Shuch
|
|
|
|
Over $100,000
|
Richard P. Strubel
|
|
|
|
Over $100,000
|
1
|
Includes the value of shares beneficially owned by each Trustee in the Fund.
|
As of
February 28, 2014, the Trustees and Officers of the Trust as a group owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of beneficial interest of the Fund.
Board Compensation
Each
Independent Trustee is compensated with a unitary annual fee for his or her services as a Trustee of the Trust and as a member of the Governance and Nominating Committee, Compliance Committee, Contract Review Committee, and Audit Committee. The
Chairman and audit committee financial expert receive additional compensation for their services. The Independent Trustees are also reimbursed for reasonable travel expenses incurred in connection with attending meetings. The Trust may
also pay the reasonable incidental costs of a Trustee to attend training or other types of conferences relating to the investment company industry.
B-25
The following table set forth certain information with respect to the compensation of each
Trustee of the Trust for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013:
Trustee Compensation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name of Trustee
|
|
Aggregate Compensation
from the Fund
|
|
|
Pension or Retirement Benefits
Accrued as Part of the Trusts
Expenses
|
|
|
Total Compensation From Fund
Complex (including the Fund)
4
|
|
Ashok N. Bakhru
1
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
0
|
|
|
$
|
402,500
|
|
Donald C. Burke
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
260,000
|
|
John P. Coblentz
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
301,250
|
|
Diana M. Daniels
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
260,000
|
|
Joseph P. LoRusso
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
260,000
|
|
James A. McNamara
3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jessica Palmer
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
260,000
|
|
Alan A. Shuch
3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Richard P. Strubel
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
260,000
|
|
1
|
Includes compensation as Board Chairman.
|
2
|
Includes compensation as audit committee financial expert, as defined in Item 3 of Form N-CSR.
|
3
|
Messrs. McNamara and Shuch are Interested Trustees, and as such, receive no compensation from the Fund or the Goldman Sachs Fund Complex.
|
4
|
Represents fees paid to each Trustee during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2013 from the Goldman Sachs Fund Complex. As of the most recent fiscal year end,
neither the Fund nor the Fund Complex paid any fees to Messrs. Markley or Templin, who were not yet serving as Trustees.
|
Miscellaneous
The Trust, its
Investment Adviser and principal underwriter have adopted codes of ethics under Rule 17j-1 of the Act that permit personnel subject to their particular codes of ethics to invest in securities, including securities that may be purchased or held by
the Fund.
M
ANAGEMENT SERVICES
As stated in the Funds Prospectus, GSAM, 200 West Street, New York, New York 10282, serves as the Investment Adviser to the Fund
pursuant to a Management Agreement. GSAM is a subsidiary of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. and an affiliate of Goldman Sachs. See Service Providers in the Funds Prospectus for a description of the Investment Advisers duties to
the Fund.
Founded in 1869, Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. is a financial holding company and a leading global investment banking, securities
and investment management firm. Goldman Sachs is a leader in developing portfolio strategies and in many fields of investing and financing, participating in financial markets worldwide and serving individuals, institutions, corporations and
governments. Goldman Sachs is also among the principal market sources for current and thorough information on companies, industrial sectors, markets, economies and currencies, and trades and makes markets in a wide range of equity and debt
securities 24 hours a day. The firm is headquartered in New York with offices in countries throughout the world. It has trading professionals throughout the United States, as well as in London, Frankfurt, Tokyo, Seoul, Sao Paulo and other major
financial centers around the world. The active participation of Goldman Sachs in the worlds financial markets enhances its ability to identify attractive investments. Goldman Sachs has agreed to permit the Fund to use the name Goldman
Sachs or a derivative thereof as part of the Funds name for as long as the Funds Management Agreement is in effect.
The
Investment Adviser is able to draw on the substantial research and market expertise of Goldman Sachs, whose investment research effort is one of the largest in the industry. The Global Investment Research division provides original fundamental
insights and analysis for clients in the equity, fixed income and currency and commodities markets. The group covers areas such as economics, portfolio strategy, derivatives and equity and credit securities in more than 25 stock markets and 50
economies and regions around the world. The in-depth information and analyses generated by Goldman Sachs research analysts are available to the Investment Advisers subject to Chinese Wall restrictions.
B-26
In addition, many of Goldman Sachs economists, securities analysts, portfolio strategists
and credit analysts have consistently been highly ranked in respected industry surveys conducted in the United States and abroad. Goldman Sachs is also among the leading
investment firms using quantitative analytics (now used by a growing number of investors) to structure and evaluate portfolios. For example, Goldman
Sachs options evaluation model analyzes a securitys term, coupon and call option, providing an overall analysis of the securitys value relative to its interest risk.
In managing the Fund, the Investment Adviser will review the existing overall economic and market trends. The Investment Adviser will then
study yield spreads, the implied volatility and the shape of the yield curve. The Investment Adviser will then apply this analysis to a list of eligible securities that meet the Funds investment guidelines.
The fixed income research capabilities of Goldman Sachs available to the Investment Adviser include the Goldman Sachs Fixed Income Research
Department and the Credit Department. The Fixed Income Research Department monitors developments in U.S. and foreign fixed income markets, assesses the outlooks for various sectors of the markets and provides relative value comparisons, as well as
analyzes trading opportunities within and across market sectors. The Fixed Income Research Department is at the forefront in developing and using computer-based tools for analyzing fixed income securities and markets, developing new fixed income
products and structuring portfolio strategies for investment policy and tactical asset allocation decisions. The Credit Department tracks specific governments, regions and industries and from time to time may review the credit quality of the
Funds investments.
In addition to fixed income research and credit research, the Investment Adviser is supported by Goldman
Sachs economics research. The Economics Research Department, based in London, conducts economic, financial and currency markets research which analyzes economic trends and interest and exchange rate movements worldwide. The Economics Research
Department tracks factors such as inflation and money supply figures, balance of trade figures, economic growth, commodity prices, monetary and fiscal policies, and political events that can influence interest rates and currency trends. The success
of Goldman Sachs international research team has brought wide recognition to its members. The team has earned top rankings in various external surveys such as Pensions and Investments, Forbes and Dalbar. These rankings acknowledge the
achievements of the firms economists, strategists and equity analysts.
The Management Agreement provides that GSAM, in its
capacity as Investment Adviser, may render similar services to others so long as the services under the Management Agreement are not impaired thereby. The Funds Management Agreement was approved by the Trustees of the Trust, including a
majority of the Trustees of the Trust who are not parties to such agreement or interested persons (as such term is defined in the Act) of any party thereto (the
non-interested
Trustees), on December 19, 2013 with respect to the Fund. A discussion regarding the Trustees basis for approving the Management Agreement for the Fund will be available in the Funds annual report for the period ended March 31,
2014.
The Management Agreement will remain in effect until June 30, 2014 and will continue in effect with respect to the Fund from year
to year thereafter provided such continuance is specifically approved at least annually by (i) the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund or a majority of the Trustees of the Trust, and (ii) the vote of a
majority of the non-interested Trustees of the Trust cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.
The Management Agreement will terminate automatically if assigned (as defined in the Act). The Management Agreement is also terminable at any
time without penalty by the Trustees of the Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund on 60 days written notice to the Investment Adviser and by the Investment Adviser on 60 days written notice to
the Trust.
Pursuant to the Management Agreement, the Investment Adviser is entitled to receive the fees set forth below, payable
monthly based on the Funds average daily net assets, at the annual rate of 0.25%. Since the Fund is newly-organized, it did not pay management fees during the last three fiscal years.
The Investment Adviser also performs administrative services for the Fund under the Management Agreement. Such administrative services
include, subject to the general supervision of the Trustees of the Trust, (i) providing supervision of all aspects of the Funds non-investment operations (other than certain operations performed by others pursuant to agreements with the
Fund); (ii) providing the Fund, to the extent not provided pursuant to the agreement with the Trusts custodian, transfer and dividend disbursing agent or agreements with other institutions, with personnel to perform such executive,
administrative and clerical services as are reasonably necessary to provide effective administration of the Fund; (iii) arranging, to the extent not provided pursuant to such agreements, for the preparation, at the Funds expense, of the
Funds tax returns, reports to shareholders, periodic updating of the Funds prospectus and statement of additional information, and reports filed with the SEC and other regulatory authorities; (iv) providing the Fund, to the extent
not provided pursuant to such agreements, with adequate office space and certain related office equipment and services; and (v) maintaining all of the Funds records other than those maintained pursuant to such agreements.
B-27
Portfolio Managers Other Accounts Managed by the Portfolio Managers
The following table discloses other accounts within each type of category listed below for which the portfolio managers are jointly and
primarily responsible for day to day portfolio management (unless otherwise noted, the information below is provided as of October 31, 2013).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Other Accounts Managed and Total Assets by Account Type
|
|
|
Number of Accounts and Total Assets for Which Advisory Fee is
Performance Based
|
|
|
|
Registered Investment
Companies
|
|
|
Other Pooled Investment
Vehicles
|
|
|
Other Accounts
|
|
|
Registered
Investment
Companies
|
|
|
Other Pooled
Investment Vehicles
|
|
|
Other Accounts
|
|
Name of
Portfolio
Manager
|
|
Number
of
Accounts
|
|
|
Assets
Managed
|
|
|
Number
of
Accounts
|
|
|
Assets
Managed
|
|
|
Number
of
Accounts
|
|
|
Assets
Managed
|
|
|
Number
of
Accounts
|
|
|
Assets
Managed
|
|
|
Number
of
Accounts
|
|
|
Assets
Managed
|
|
|
Number
of
Accounts
|
|
|
Assets
Managed
|
|
Limited Maturity Obligations Fund
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
James McCarthy
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
$
|
129.46 billion
|
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
$
|
70.00 billion
|
|
|
|
195
|
|
|
$
|
52.52 billion
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
$
|
3.09 billion
|
|
Dave Fishman
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
$
|
129.46 billion
|
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
$
|
70.00 billion
|
|
|
|
195
|
|
|
$
|
52.52 billion
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
$
|
3.09 billion
|
|
B-28
Conflicts of Interest
. The Investment Advisers portfolio managers are often
responsible for managing the Fund as well as other accounts, including proprietary accounts, separate accounts and other pooled investment vehicles, such as unregistered hedge funds. A portfolio manager may manage a separate account or other pooled
investment vehicle which may have materially higher fee arrangements than the Fund and may also have a performance-based fee. The side-by-side management of these funds may raise potential conflicts of interest relating to cross trading, the
allocation of investment opportunities and the aggregation and allocation of trades.
The Investment Adviser has a fiduciary
responsibility to manage all client accounts in a fair and equitable manner. The Investment Adviser seeks to provide best execution of all securities transactions and aggregate and then allocate securities to client accounts in a fair and timely
manner. To this end, the Investment Adviser has developed policies and procedures designed to mitigate and manage the potential conflicts of interest that may arise from side-by-side management. In addition, the Investment Adviser and the Fund have
adopted policies limiting the circumstances under which cross-trades may be effected between the Fund and another client account. The Investment Adviser conducts periodic reviews of trades for consistency with these policies. For more information
about conflicts of interests that may arise in connection with the portfolio managers management of the Funds investments and the investments of other accounts, see Potential Conflicts of Interest Potential Conflicts
Relating to the Allocation of Investment Opportunities Among the Fund and Other Goldman Sachs Accounts and Potential Conflicts Relating to Goldman Sachs and the Investment Advisers Proprietary Activities and Activities on Behalf of Other
Accounts.
Portfolio Managers Compensation
Compensation for portfolio managers of the Investment Adviser is comprised of a base salary and discretionary variable compensation. The base
salary is fixed from year to year. Year-end discretionary variable compensation is primarily a function of each portfolio managers individual performance and his or her contribution to overall team performance; the performance of the
Investment Adviser and Goldman Sachs; the teams net revenues for the past year which in part is derived from advisory fees, and for certain accounts, performance-based fees; and anticipated compensation levels among competitor firms. Portfolio
managers are rewarded, in part, for their delivery of investment performance, measured on a pre-tax basis, which is reasonably expected to meet or exceed the expectations of clients and fund shareholders in terms of: excess return over an applicable
benchmark, peer group ranking, risk management and factors specific to certain funds such as yield or regional focus. Performance is judged over 1-3- and 5-year time horizons.
For compensation purposes, the benchmark for the Fund is the Bank of America Merrill Lynch 3 6 Month U.S. Treasury Bill Index.
The discretionary variable compensation for portfolio managers is also significantly influenced by: (1) effective participation in
team research discussions and process; and (2) management of risk in alignment with the targeted risk parameter and investment objective of the fund. Other factors may also be considered including: (1) general client/shareholder
orientation and (2) teamwork and leadership. Portfolio managers may receive equity-based awards as part of their discretionary variable compensation.
Other Compensation
In addition to base salary and discretionary variable compensation, the Investment Adviser has a number of
additional benefits in place including (1) a 401k program that enables employees to direct a percentage of their pretax salary and bonus income into a tax-qualified retirement plan; and (2) investment opportunity programs in which certain
professionals may participate subject to certain eligibility requirements.
Portfolio Managers Portfolio Managers Ownership of Shares of
the Fund
The Fund was not in operation prior to the date of this SAI. Consequently, the portfolio managers own no securities issued by
the Fund.
Distributor and Transfer Agent
Distributor.
Goldman Sachs, 200 West Street, New York, New York 10282, serves as the exclusive distributor of shares of the Fund
pursuant to a best efforts arrangement as provided by a distribution agreement with the Trust on behalf of the Fund. Shares of the Fund are offered and sold on a continuous basis by Goldman Sachs, acting as agent. Pursuant to the
distribution agreement, after the Funds Prospectus and periodic reports have been prepared, set in type and mailed to shareholders, Goldman Sachs will pay for the printing and distribution of copies thereof used in connection with the offering
to prospective investors. Goldman Sachs will also pay for other supplementary sales literature and advertising costs.
B-29
Transfer Agent.
Goldman Sachs, 71 South Wacker Drive, Chicago, IL 60606, serves as the
Trusts transfer and dividend disbursing agent. Under its transfer agency agreement with the Trust, Goldman Sachs has undertaken with the Trust with respect to the Fund to: (i) record the issuance, transfer and redemption of shares;
(ii) provide purchase and redemption confirmations and quarterly statements, as well as certain other statements; (iii) provide certain information to the Trusts custodian and the relevant subcustodian in connection with redemptions;
(iv) provide dividend crediting and certain disbursing agent services; (v) maintain shareholder accounts; (vi) provide certain state Blue Sky and other information; (vii) provide shareholders and certain regulatory authorities
with tax-related information; (viii) respond to shareholder inquiries; and (ix) render certain other miscellaneous services. For its transfer agency and dividend disbursing agent services, Goldman Sachs is entitled to receive a fee equal,
on an annualized basis, to 0.04% of average daily net assets with respect to the Funds Institutional and Administration Shares (less transfer agency expenses borne by a share class). Goldman Sachs may pay to certain intermediaries who perform
transfer agent services to shareholders a networking or sub-transfer agent fee. These payments will be made from the transfer agency fees noted above and in the Funds Prospectus.
Since the Fund is newly-organized, Goldman Sachs did not receive compensation for services rendered to the Trust by Goldman Sachs as transfer
and dividend disbursing agent with respect to the Fund and the assumption by Goldman Sachs of the expenses related thereto during the last three fiscal years.
The foregoing distribution and transfer agency agreements each provide that Goldman Sachs may render similar services to others so long as the
services Goldman Sachs provides thereunder to the Fund are not impaired thereby. Each such agreement also provides that the Trust will indemnify Goldman Sachs against certain liabilities.
Expenses
The Trust, on behalf of the
Fund, is responsible for the payment of the Funds expenses. The expenses include, without limitation, the fees payable to the Investment Adviser, administration fees paid to Authorized Institutions, the fees and expenses of the Trusts
custodian and subcustodians, transfer agent fees and expenses, pricing services fees and expenses, brokerage fees and commissions, filing fees for the registration or qualification of the Trusts shares under federal or state securities laws,
expenses of the organization of the Trust, fees and expenses incurred by the Trust in connection with membership in investment company organizations, including, but not limited to, the Investment Company Institute, taxes, interest, costs of
liability insurance, fidelity bonds or indemnification, any costs, expenses or losses arising out of any liability of, or claim for damages or other relief asserted against, the Trust for violation of any law, legal, tax and auditing fees and
expenses (including the cost of legal and certain accounting services rendered by employees of Goldman Sachs or its affiliates, with respect to the Trust), expenses of preparing and setting in type Prospectuses, SAIs, proxy material, reports and
notices and the printing and distributing of the same to the Trusts shareholders and regulatory authorities, shareholder expenses, any expenses assumed by the Fund pursuant to its distribution and service plans, the compensation and expenses
of its independent Trustees, the fees and expenses of pricing services and extraordinary expenses, if any, incurred by the Trust. Except for fees and expenses under any service plan, account service plan, administration plan, shareholder
administration plan or distribution and service plan applicable to a particular class and transfer agency fees and expenses, all Fund expenses are borne on a non-class specific basis.
Fees and expenses of legal counsel, registering shares of the Fund, holding meetings and communicating with shareholders may include an
allocable portion of the cost of maintaining an internal legal and compliance department. The Fund may also bear an allocable portion of the costs incurred by the Investment Adviser in performing certain accounting services not being provided by the
Trusts custodian.
The imposition of the Investment Advisers fees, as well as other operating expenses, will have the effect
of reducing the total return to investors. From time to time, the Investment Adviser may waive receipt of fees and/or assume certain expenses of the Fund, which would have the effect of lowering the Funds overall expense ratio and increasing
total return to investors at the time such amounts are waived or assumed, as the case may be.
B-30
The Investment Adviser has agreed to reduce or limit certain Other Expenses of
the Fund (excluding acquired fund fees and expenses, transfer agency fees and expenses, administration share fees, taxes, interest, brokerage fees, litigation, shareholder meeting, indemnification and extraordinary expenses) to the 0.004% of the
Funds average daily net assets through at least February 28, 2015.
Such reductions or limits are calculated monthly on a cumulative
basis during the Funds fiscal year. The Funds Other Expenses may be further reduced by any custody and transfer agency fee credits received by the Fund. The Investment Adviser may not terminate the arrangement prior to
February 28, 2015 without the approval of the Board of Trustees.
Custodian and Sub-Custodians
State Street, One Lincoln Street, Boston, MA 02111, is the custodian of the Fund. State Street also maintains the Trusts accounting
records. State Street may appoint domestic and foreign sub-custodians and use depositories from time to time to hold certain securities and other instruments purchased by the Trust in foreign countries and to hold cash and currencies for the Trust.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, 125 High Street, Boston, MA 02110, has been appointed the Funds independent registered public accounting
firm. In addition to audit services, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP prepares the Funds federal and state tax returns and provides assistance on certain non-audit matters.
POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
General Categories of Conflicts Associated with the Funds
Goldman Sachs (which, for purposes of this Potential Conflicts of Interest section, shall mean, collectively, The Goldman Sachs
Group, Inc., the Investment Adviser and their affiliates, directors, partners, trustees, managers, members, officers and employees) is a worldwide, full-service investment banking, broker-dealer, asset management and financial services organization
and a major participant in global financial markets. As such, Goldman Sachs provides a wide range of financial services to a substantial and diversified client base. In those and other capacities, Goldman Sachs advises clients in all markets and
transactions and purchases, sells, holds and recommends a broad array of investments for its own accounts and for the accounts of clients and of its personnel, through client accounts and the relationships and products it sponsors, manages and
advises (such Goldman Sachs or other client accounts (including the Funds), relationships and products collectively, the Accounts). Goldman Sachs has direct and indirect interests in the global fixed income, currency, commodity,
equities, bank loan and other markets, and the securities and issuers, in which the Funds may directly and indirectly invest. As a result, Goldman Sachs activities and dealings may affect the Funds in ways that may disadvantage or restrict the
Funds and/or benefit Goldman Sachs or other Accounts. For purposes of this POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST section, Funds shall mean, collectively, the Fund and any of the other Goldman Sachs Funds.
The following are descriptions of certain conflicts of interest and potential conflicts of interest that may be associated with the financial or other
interests that the Investment Adviser and Goldman Sachs may have in transactions effected by, with, and on behalf of the Funds. They are not, and are not intended to be, a complete enumeration or explanation of all of the potential conflicts of
interest that may arise. Additional information about potential conflicts of interest regarding the Investment Adviser and Goldman Sachs is set forth in the Investment Advisers Form ADV, which prospective shareholders should review prior to
purchasing Fund shares. A copy of Part 1 and Part 2 of the Investment Advisers Form ADV is available on the SECs website (www.adviserinfo.sec.gov). A copy of Part 2 of the Investment Advisers Form ADV will be provided to
shareholders or prospective shareholders upon request.
The Sale of Fund Shares and the Allocation of Investment Opportunities
Sales Incentives and Related Conflicts Arising from Goldman Sachs Financial and Other Relationships with Intermediaries
Goldman Sachs and its personnel, including employees of the Investment Adviser, may have relationships (both involving and not involving the
Funds, and including without limitation placement, brokerage, advisory and board relationships) with distributors, consultants and others who recommend, or engage in transactions with or for, the Funds. Such distributors, consultants and other
parties may receive compensation from Goldman Sachs or the Funds in connection with such relationships. As a result of these relationships, distributors, consultants and other parties may have conflicts that create incentives for them to promote the
Funds.
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To the extent permitted by applicable law, Goldman Sachs and the Funds may make payments to
authorized dealers and other financial intermediaries and to salespersons to promote the Funds. These payments may be made out of Goldman Sachs assets or amounts payable to Goldman Sachs. These payments may create an incentive for such persons
to highlight, feature or recommend the Funds.
Allocation of Investment Opportunities Among the Funds and Other Accounts
The Investment Adviser may manage or advise multiple Accounts (including Accounts in which Goldman Sachs and its personnel have an interest)
that have investment objectives that are similar to the Funds and that may seek to make investments or sell investments in the same securities or other instruments, sectors or strategies as the Funds. This may create potential conflicts,
particularly in circumstances where the availability of such investment opportunities is limited (e.g., in local and emerging markets, high yield securities, fixed income securities, regulated industries, small capitalization and initial public
offerings/new issues) or where the liquidity of such investment opportunities is limited.
The Investment Adviser does not receive
performance-based compensation in respect of its investment management activities on behalf of the Funds, but may simultaneously manage Accounts for which the Investment Adviser receives greater fees or other compensation (including
performance-based fees or allocations) than it receives in respect of the Funds. The simultaneous management of Accounts that pay greater fees or other compensation and the Funds may create a conflict of interest as the Investment Adviser may have
an incentive to favor Accounts with the potential to receive greater fees. For instance, the Investment Adviser may be faced with a conflict of interest when allocating scarce investment opportunities given the possibly greater fees from Accounts
that pay performance-based fees. To address these types of conflicts, the Investment Adviser has adopted policies and procedures under which it will allocate investment opportunities in a manner that it believes is consistent with its obligations as
an investment adviser. However, the amount, timing, structuring or terms of an investment by the Funds may differ from, and performance may be lower than, the investments and performance of other Accounts.
To address these potential conflicts, the Investment Adviser has developed allocation policies and procedures that provide that Goldman Sachs
personnel making portfolio decisions for Accounts will make purchase and sale decisions for, and allocate investment opportunities among, Accounts consistent with the Investment Advisers fiduciary obligations. These policies and procedures may
result in the pro rata allocation (on a basis determined by the Investment Adviser) of limited opportunities across eligible Accounts managed by a particular portfolio management team, but in many other cases the allocations reflect numerous other
factors as described below. Accounts managed by different portfolio management teams may be viewed separately for allocation purposes. There will be cases where certain Accounts (including Accounts in which Goldman Sachs and Goldman Sachs personnel
have an interest) receive an allocation of an investment opportunity when the Funds do not.
Allocation-related decisions for the Funds
and other Accounts may be made by reference to one or more factors, including without limitation: the Accounts portfolio and its investment horizons, objectives, guidelines and restrictions (including legal and regulatory restrictions
affecting certain Accounts or affecting holdings across Accounts); strategic fit and other portfolio management considerations, including different desired levels of exposure to certain strategies; the expected future capacity of the applicable
Accounts; limits on the Investment Advisers brokerage discretion; cash and liquidity considerations; and the availability of other appropriate investment opportunities. Suitability considerations, reputational matters and other considerations
may also be considered. The application of these considerations may cause differences in the performance of Accounts that have strategies similar to those of the Fund. In addition, in some cases the Investment Adviser may make investment
recommendations to Accounts where the Accounts make investments independently of the Investment Adviser. In circumstances in which there is limited availability of an investment opportunity, if such Accounts invest in the investment opportunity
prior to a Fund, the availability of the investment opportunity for the Fund will be reduced irrespective of the Investment Advisers policies regarding allocation of investments. Additional information about the Investment Advisers
allocation policies is set forth in Item 6 (PERFORMANCE-BASED FEES AND SIDE-BY-SIDE MANAGEMENTSide-by-Side Management) of the Investment Advisers Form ADV.
The Investment Adviser may, from time to time, develop and implement new trading strategies or seek to participate in new trading strategies
and investment opportunities. These strategies and opportunities may not be employed in all Accounts or employed pro rata among Accounts where they are employed, even if the strategy or opportunity is consistent with the objectives of such Accounts.
During periods of unusual market conditions, the Investment Adviser may deviate from its normal trade allocation practices. For example,
this may occur with respect to the management of unlevered and/or long-only Accounts that are typically managed on a side-by-side basis with levered and/or long-short Accounts.
B-32
The Investment Adviser and the Funds may receive notice of, or offers to participate in,
investment opportunities. The Investment Adviser in its sole discretion will determine whether a Fund will participate in any such investment opportunities and investors should not expect that the Fund will participate in any such investment
opportunities. Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing, the Funds may or may not receive, but in any event will have no rights with respect to, opportunities sourced by Goldman Sachs businesses and affiliates other than the Investment Adviser.
Opportunities or any portion thereof that the Funds do not participate in may be offered to other Accounts, Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser), all or certain investors in the Funds, or such other persons or entities as determined by
Goldman Sachs in its sole discretion, and the Funds will not receive any compensation related to such opportunities.
Goldman Sachs Financial
and Other Interests May Incentivize Goldman Sachs to Promote the Sale of Fund Shares
Goldman Sachs and its personnel have
interests in promoting sales of Fund shares, and the compensation from such sales may be greater than the compensation relating to sales of interests in other Accounts. Therefore, Goldman Sachs and its personnel may have a financial interest in
promoting Fund shares over interests in other Accounts.
Management of the Funds by the Investment Adviser
Potential Restrictions and Issues Relating to Information Held by Goldman Sachs
Goldman Sachs has established certain information barriers and other policies to address the sharing of information between different
businesses within Goldman Sachs. As a result of information barriers, the Investment Adviser generally will not have access, or will have limited access, to information and personnel in other areas of Goldman Sachs, and generally will not be able to
manage the Funds with the benefit of information held by such other areas. Such other areas, including without limitation, Goldman Sachs prime brokerage and administration businesses, will have broad access to detailed information that is not
available to the Investment Adviser, including information in respect of markets and investments, which, if known to the Investment Adviser, might cause the Investment Adviser to seek to dispose of, retain or increase interests in investments held
by the Funds or acquire certain positions on behalf of the Funds, or take other actions. Goldman Sachs will be under no obligation or fiduciary or other duty to make any such information available to the Investment Adviser or personnel of the
Investment Adviser involved in decision-making for the Funds. In addition, Goldman Sachs will not have any obligation to make available any information regarding its trading activities, strategies or views, or the activities, strategies or views
used for other Accounts, for the benefit of the Funds. Different portfolio management teams within the Investment Adviser may make decisions based on information or take (or refrain from taking) actions with respect to Accounts they advise in a
manner that may be adverse to the Funds. Such teams may not share information with the Funds portfolio management teams, including as a result of certain information barriers and other policies, and will not have any obligation to do so.
Valuation of the Funds Investments
The Investment Adviser, while not the primary valuation agent of the Funds, performs certain valuation services related to securities and
assets in the Funds. The Investment Adviser values securities and assets in the Funds according to its valuation policies. The Investment Adviser may value an identical asset differently than another division or unit within Goldman Sachs values the
asset, including because such other division or unit has information regarding valuation techniques and models or other information that it does not share with the Investment Adviser. This is particularly the case in respect of difficult-to-value
assets. The Investment Adviser may also value an identical asset differently in different Accounts (e.g., because different Accounts are subject to different valuation guidelines pursuant to their respective governing agreements, different third
party vendors are hired to perform valuation functions for the Accounts or the Accounts are managed or advised by different portfolio management teams within the Investment Adviser). The Investment Adviser may face a conflict with respect to such
valuations as they affect the Investment Advisers compensation.
Goldman Sachs and the Investment Advisers Activities on Behalf of
Other Accounts
Goldman Sachs engages in various activities in the global financial markets. Goldman Sachs, acting in various
capacities (including investment banker, market maker, investor, broker, advisor and research provider), may take actions or advise on transactions in respect of Accounts (including the Funds) or companies or affiliated or unaffiliated investment
funds in which one or more Funds have an interest that may have potential adverse effects on the Funds.
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The Investment Adviser provides advisory services to the Funds. The Investment Advisers
decisions and actions on behalf of the Funds may differ from those on behalf of other Accounts. Advice given to, or investment or voting decisions made for, one or more Accounts may compete with, affect, differ from, conflict with, or involve timing
different from, advice given to or investment decisions made for the Funds.
Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser), the clients
it advises, and its personnel have interests in and advise Accounts that have investment objectives or portfolios similar to or opposed to those of the Funds, and/or which engage in and compete for transactions in the same types of securities and
other instruments as the Funds. Transactions by such Accounts may involve the same or related securities or other instruments as those in which the Funds invest, and may negatively affect the Funds or the prices or terms at which the Funds
transactions may be effected. For example, Accounts may engage in a strategy while the Funds are undertaking the same or a differing strategy, any of which could directly or indirectly disadvantage the Funds. The Funds on one hand and Goldman Sachs
or Accounts on the other hand may also vote differently on or take or refrain from taking different actions with respect to the same security, which may be disadvantageous to the Funds. Goldman Sachs or Accounts, on the one hand, and a Fund, on the
other hand, may also invest in or extend credit to different classes of securities or different parts of the capital structure of the same issuer and as a result Goldman Sachs or Accounts may take actions that adversely affect the Fund. In addition,
Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) may advise Accounts with respect to different parts of the capital structure of the same issuer, or classes of securities that are subordinate or senior to securities, in which a Fund invests. As a
result, Goldman Sachs may pursue or enforce rights or activities, or refrain from pursuing or enforcing rights or activities, on behalf of Accounts with respect to a particular issuer in which one or more Funds have invested. The Funds could sustain
losses during periods in which Goldman Sachs and other Accounts achieve profits. The negative effects described above may be more pronounced in connection with transactions in, or the Funds use of, small capitalization, emerging market,
distressed or less liquid strategies.
Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) and its personnel may advise on transactions, make
investment decisions or recommendations, provide differing investment views or have views with respect to research or valuations that are inconsistent with, or adverse to, the interests and activities of the Funds. Similarly, the Investment
Advisers investment teams may have differing investment views in respect of an issuer or a security, and the positions a Funds investment team takes in respect of the Fund may be inconsistent with, or adversely affected by, the interests
and activities of the Accounts advised by other investment teams of the Investment Adviser. Research, analyses or viewpoints may be available to clients or potential clients at different times. Goldman Sachs will not have any obligation to make
available to the Funds any research or analysis prior to its public dissemination. The Investment Adviser is responsible for making investment decisions on behalf of the Funds and such investment decisions can differ from investment decisions or
recommendations by Goldman Sachs on behalf of other Accounts. Goldman Sachs, on behalf of one or more Accounts and in accordance with its management of such Accounts, may implement an investment decision or strategy ahead of, or contemporaneously
with, or behind similar investment decisions or strategies made for the Funds. The relative timing for the implementation of investment decisions or strategies for Accounts, on the one hand, and the Funds, on the other hand, may disadvantage the
Funds. Certain factors, for example, market impact, liquidity constraints, or other circumstances, could result in the Funds receiving less favorable trading results or incurring increased costs associated with implementing such investment decisions
or strategies, or being otherwise disadvantaged.
Subject to applicable law, the Investment Adviser may cause the Funds to invest in
securities, bank loans or other obligations of companies affiliated with or advised by Goldman Sachs or in which Goldman Sachs or Accounts have an equity, debt or other interest, or to engage in investment transactions that may result in other
Accounts being relieved of obligations or otherwise divested of investments, which may enhance the profitability of Goldman Sachs or other Accounts investment in and activities with respect to such companies.
When the Investment Adviser wishes to place an order for different types of Accounts (including the Funds) for which aggregation is not
practicable, the Investment Adviser may use a trade sequencing and rotation policy to determine which type of Account is to be traded first. Under this policy, each portfolio management team may determine the length of its trade rotation period and
the sequencing schedule for different categories of clients within this period provided that the trading periods and these sequencing schedules are designed to be fair and equitable over time. The portfolio management teams currently base their
trading periods and rotation schedules on the relative amounts of assets managed for different client categories (e.g., unconstrained client accounts, wrap program accounts, etc.) and, as a result, the Funds may trade behind other
Accounts. Within a given trading period, the sequencing schedule establishes when and how frequently a given client category will trade first in the order of rotation. The Investment Adviser may deviate from the predetermined sequencing schedule
under certain circumstances, and the Investment Advisers trade sequencing and rotation policy may be amended, modified or supplemented at any time without prior notice to clients.
B-34
Investments in Goldman Sachs Funds
To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Funds may invest in money market and other funds sponsored, managed or advised by Goldman Sachs.
In connection with any such investments, a Fund, to the extent permitted by the Act, will pay all advisory, administrative or Rule 12b-1 fees applicable to the investment, and fees to the Investment Adviser in its capacity as manager of the Funds
will not be reduced thereby (i.e., there could be double fees involved in making any such investment because Goldman Sachs could receive fees with respect to both the management of the Funds and such money market fund). In such
circumstances, as well as in all other circumstances in which Goldman Sachs receives any fees or other compensation in any form relating to the provision of services, no accounting or repayment to the Funds will be required.
Goldman Sachs May In-Source or Outsource
Subject to applicable law, Goldman Sachs, including the Investment Adviser, may from time to time and without notice to investors in-source or
outsource certain processes or functions in connection with a variety of services that it provides to the Funds in its administrative or other capacities. Such in-sourcing or outsourcing may give rise to additional conflicts of interest.
Distributions of Assets Other Than Cash
With respect to redemptions from the Funds, the Funds may, in certain circumstances, have discretion to decide whether to permit or limit
redemptions and whether to make distributions in connection with redemptions in the form of securities or other assets, and in such case, the composition of such distributions. In making such decisions, the Investment Adviser may have a potentially
conflicting division of loyalties and responsibilities with respect to redeeming investors and remaining investors.
Goldman Sachs May Act in a
Capacity Other Than Investment Adviser to the Funds
Principal and Cross Transactions
When permitted by applicable law and the Investment Advisers policies, the Investment Adviser, acting on behalf of the Funds, may enter
into transactions in securities and other instruments with or through Goldman Sachs or in Accounts managed by the Investment Adviser, and may cause the Funds to engage in transactions in which the Investment Adviser acts as principal on its own
behalf (principal transactions), advises both sides of a transaction (cross transactions) and acts as broker for, and receives a commission from, the Funds on one side of a transaction and a brokerage account on the other side of the transaction
(agency cross transactions). There may be potential conflicts of interest or regulatory issues relating to these transactions which could limit the Investment Advisers decision to engage in these transactions for the Funds. Goldman Sachs may
have a potentially conflicting division of loyalties and responsibilities to the parties in such transactions, and has developed policies and procedures in relation to such transactions and conflicts. Any principal, cross or agency cross
transactions will be effected in accordance with fiduciary requirements and applicable law.
Goldman Sachs May Act in Multiple Commercial Capacities
To the extent permitted by applicable law, Goldman Sachs may act as broker, dealer, agent, lender or advisor or in other
commercial capacities for the Funds or issuers of securities held by the Funds. Goldman Sachs may be entitled to compensation in connection with the provision of such services, and the Funds will not be entitled to any such compensation. Goldman
Sachs will have an interest in obtaining fees and other compensation in connection with such services that are favorable to Goldman Sachs, and in connection with providing such services may take commercial steps in its own interests, or may advise
the parties to which it is providing services to take actions or engage in transactions, that negatively affect the Funds. For example, Goldman Sachs may advise a company to make changes to its capital structure the result of which would be a
reduction in the value or priority of a security held by one or more Funds. Actions taken or advised to be taken by Goldman Sachs in connection with other types of transactions may also result in adverse consequences for the Fund. In addition, due
to its access to and knowledge of funds, markets and securities based on its other businesses, Goldman Sachs may make decisions based on information or take (or refrain from taking) actions with respect to interests in investments of the kind held
directly or indirectly by the Funds in a manner that may be adverse to the Funds. Goldman Sachs may also provide various services to the Funds or to issuers of securities in which the Funds invest, which may result in fees, compensation and
remuneration as well as other benefits to Goldman Sachs, enhance Goldman Sachs relationships with various parties, facilitate additional business development and enable Goldman Sachs to obtain additional business and generate additional
revenue.
B-35
To the extent permitted by applicable law, Goldman Sachs (including the Investment Adviser) may
create, write, sell, issue, invest in or act as placement agent or distributor of derivative instruments related to the Funds, or with respect to underlying securities or assets of the Funds, or which may be otherwise based on or seek to replicate
or hedge the performance of the Funds. Such derivative transactions, and any associated hedging activity, may differ from and be adverse to the interests of the Funds.
Goldman Sachs may make loans to shareholders or enter into similar transactions that are secured by a pledge of, or mortgage over, a
shareholders Fund shares, which would provide Goldman Sachs with the right to redeem such Fund shares in the event that such shareholder defaults on its obligations. These transactions and related redemptions may be significant and may be made
without notice to the shareholders.
Goldman Sachs may make loans to clients or enter into asset-based or other credit facilities or
similar transactions with clients that are secured by a clients assets or interests other than Fund shares. In connection with its rights as lender, Goldman Sachs may take actions that adversely affect the borrower. The borrowers actions
may in turn adversely affect the Funds (e.g., if the borrower rapidly liquidates a large position in a security that is held by one or more Funds, the value of such security may decline and the value of the Funds may in turn decline in value or may
be unable to liquidate their positions in such security at an advantageous price).
Code of Ethics and Personal Trading
Each of the Funds and Goldman Sachs, as each Funds Investment Adviser and distributor, has adopted a Code of Ethics (the Code of
Ethics) in compliance with Section 17(j) of the Act designed to provide that personnel of the Investment Adviser, and certain additional Goldman Sachs personnel who support the Investment Adviser, comply with applicable federal securities
laws and place the interests of clients first in conducting personal securities transactions. The Code of Ethics imposes certain restrictions on securities transactions in the personal accounts of covered persons to help avoid conflicts of interest.
Subject to the limitations of the Code of Ethics, covered persons may buy and sell securities or other investments for their personal accounts, including investments in the Funds, and may also take positions that are the same as, different from, or
made at different times than, positions taken by the Funds. The Codes of Ethics can be reviewed and copied at the SECs Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by
calling the SEC at 1-202-942-8090. The Codes of Ethics are also available on the EDGAR Database on the SECs Internet site at http://www.sec.gov. Copies may also be obtained after paying a duplicating fee by writing the SECs Public
Reference Section, Washington, DC 20549-0102, or by electronic request to
publicinfo@sec.gov
. Additionally, all Goldman Sachs personnel, including personnel of the Investment Adviser, are subject to firm-wide policies and procedures regarding
confidential and proprietary information, information barriers, private investments, outside business activities and personal trading.
Proxy Voting
by the Investment Adviser
The Investment Adviser has adopted policies and procedures designed to prevent conflicts of interest
from influencing proxy voting decisions that it makes on behalf of advisory clients, including the Funds, and to help ensure that such decisions are made in accordance with its fiduciary obligations to its clients. Notwithstanding such proxy voting
policies and procedures, proxy voting decisions made by the Investment Adviser in respect of securities held by the Funds may benefit the interests of Goldman Sachs and/or Accounts other than the Funds. For a more detailed discussion of these
policies and procedures, see the section of this SAI entitled PROXY VOTING.
Potential Limitations and Restrictions on Investment
Opportunities and Activities of Goldman Sachs and the Funds
The Investment Adviser may restrict its investment decisions and
activities on behalf of the Funds in various circumstances, including as a result of applicable regulatory requirements, information held by Goldman Sachs, Goldman Sachs internal policies and/or potential reputational risk in connection with
Accounts (including the Funds). As a result, the Investment Adviser might not engage in transactions for one or more Funds in consideration of Goldman Sachs activities outside the Funds (e.g., the Investment Adviser may refrain from making
investments for the Funds that would cause Goldman Sachs to exceed position limits or cause Goldman Sachs to have additional disclosure obligations and may limit purchases or sales of securities in respect of which Goldman Sachs is engaged in an
underwriting or other distribution). The Investment Adviser may also reduce a Funds interest in an investment opportunity that has limited availability so that other Accounts that pursue similar investment strategies may be able to acquire an
interest in the investment opportunity. In addition, the Investment Adviser is not permitted to obtain or use material non-public information in effecting purchases and sales in public securities transactions for the Funds. The Investment Adviser
may also limit an activity or transaction engaged in by the Funds, and may limit its exercise of rights on behalf of the Funds for reputational or other
B-36
reasons, including where Goldman Sachs is providing (or may provide) advice or services to an entity involved in such activity or transaction, where Goldman Sachs or an Account is or may be
engaged in the same or a related transaction to that being considered on behalf of the Funds, where Goldman Sachs or an Account has an interest in an entity involved in such activity or transaction, or where such activity or transaction or the
exercise of such rights on behalf of or in respect of the Funds could affect Goldman Sachs, the Investment Adviser or their activities. The Investment Adviser may restrict its investment decisions and activities on behalf of one or more Funds and
not on behalf of other Accounts.
Brokerage Transactions
The Investment Adviser may select broker-dealers (including affiliates of the Investment Adviser) that furnish the Investment Adviser, the
Funds, their affiliates and other Goldman Sachs personnel with proprietary or third party brokerage and research services (collectively, brokerage and research services) that provide, in the Investment Advisers view, appropriate
assistance to the Investment Adviser in the investment decision-making process. As a result, the Investment Adviser may pay for such brokerage and research services with soft or commission dollars.
Brokerage and research services may be used to service the Funds and any or all other Accounts, including Accounts that do not pay commissions
to the broker-dealer relating to the brokerage and research service arrangements. As a result, brokerage and research services (including soft dollar benefits) may disproportionately benefit other Accounts relative to the Funds based on the relative
amount of commissions paid by the Funds. The Investment Adviser does not attempt to allocate soft dollar benefits proportionately among clients or to track the benefits of brokerage and research services to the commissions associated with a
particular Account or group of Accounts.
Aggregation of Trades by the Investment Adviser
The Investment Adviser follows policies and procedures pursuant to which it may combine or aggregate purchase or sale orders for the same
security for multiple Accounts (including Accounts in which Goldman Sachs has an interest) (sometimes called bunching), so that the orders can be executed at the same time. The Investment Adviser aggregates orders when the Investment
Adviser considers doing so appropriate and in the interests of its clients generally. In addition, under certain circumstances trades for the Funds may be aggregated with Accounts that contain Goldman Sachs assets.
When a bunched order is completely filled, the Investment Adviser generally will allocate the securities purchased or proceeds of sale pro
rata among the participating Accounts, based on the purchase or sale order. If an order is filled at several different prices, through multiple trades (whether at a particular broker-dealer or among multiple broker-dealers), generally all
participating Accounts will receive the average price and pay the average commission, however, this may not always be the case (due to, e.g., odd lots, rounding, market practice or constraints applicable to particular Accounts).
Although it may do so in certain circumstances, the Investment Adviser generally does not bunch or aggregate orders for different Funds, or
net buy and sell orders for the same Fund, if portfolio management decisions relating to the orders are made by separate portfolio management teams, if bunching, aggregating or netting is not appropriate or practicable from the Investment
Advisers operational or other perspective, or if doing so would not be appropriate in light of applicable regulatory considerations. The Investment Adviser may be able to negotiate a better price and lower commission rate on aggregated trades
than on trades for Funds that are not aggregated, and incur lower transaction costs on netted trades than trades that are not netted. Where transactions for a Fund are not aggregated with other orders, or not netted against orders for the Fund, the
Fund may not benefit from a better price and lower commission rate or lower transaction cost.
B-37
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE
The portfolio transactions for the Fund are generally effected at a net price without a brokers commission (
i.e
., a dealer is
dealing with the Fund as principal and receives compensation equal to the spread between the dealers cost for a given security and the resale price of such security). In certain foreign countries, debt securities are traded on exchanges at
fixed commission rates. In connection with portfolio transactions, the Management Agreements provide that the Investment Adviser shall attempt to obtain the most favorable execution and net price available. The Management Agreement provides that, on
occasions when the Investment Adviser deems the purchase or sale of a security to be in the best interests of the Fund as well as its other customers (including any other fund or other investment company or advisory account for which an Investment
Adviser or an affiliate acts as Investment Adviser), the Fund, to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations, may aggregate the securities to be sold or purchased for the Fund with those to be sold or purchased for such other customers
in order to obtain the best net price and most favorable execution. In such event, allocation of the securities so purchased or sold, as well as the expenses incurred in the transaction, will be made by the applicable Investment Adviser in the
manner it considers to be most equitable and consistent with its fiduciary obligations to the Fund and such other customers. In some instances, this procedure may adversely affect the size and price of the position obtainable for the Fund. The
Management Agreement permits the Investment Adviser, in its discretion, to purchase and sell portfolio securities to and from dealers who provide the Trust with brokerage or research services in which dealers may execute brokerage transactions at a
higher cost to the Fund. Brokerage and research services furnished by firms through which the Fund effects its securities transactions may be used by the Investment Adviser in servicing other accounts and not all of these services may be used by the
Investment Adviser in connection with the Fund generating the brokerage credits. Such research or other services may include research reports on companies, industries and securities; economic and financial data; financial publications; computer data
bases; quotation equipment and services; and research-oriented computer hardware, software and other services. The fees received under the Management Agreement are not reduced by reason of the Investment Adviser receiving such brokerage and research
services.
Such services are used by the Investment Adviser in connection with all of its investment activities, and some of such services
obtained in connection with the execution of transactions of the Fund may be used in managing other investment accounts. Conversely, brokers furnishing such services may be selected for the execution of transactions of such other accounts, whose
aggregate assets may be larger than those of the Fund, and the services furnished by such brokers may be used by the Investment Adviser in providing management services for the Trust. The Investment Adviser may also participate in so-called
commission sharing arrangements and client commission arrangements under which the Investment Adviser may execute transactions through a broker-dealer and request that the broker-dealer allocate a portion of the commissions
or commission credits to another firm that provides research to the Investment Adviser. The Investment Adviser excludes from use under these arrangements those products and services that are not fully eligible under applicable law and regulatory
interpretations even as to the portion that would be eligible if accounted for separately.
The research services received as part
of commission sharing and client commission arrangements will comply with Section 28(e) and may be subject to different legal requirements in the jurisdictions in which the Investment Adviser does business. Participating in commission sharing
and client commission arrangements may enable the Investment Adviser to consolidate payments for research through one or more channels using accumulated client commissions or credits from transactions executed through a particular broker-dealer to
obtain research provided by other firms. Such arrangements also help to ensure the continued receipt of research services while facilitating best execution in the trading process. The Investment Adviser believes such research services are useful in
its investment decision-making process by, among other things, ensuring access to a variety of high quality research, access to individual analysts and availability of resources that the Investment Adviser might not be provided access to absent such
arrangements.
The Fund is prohibited, in accordance with Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act, from compensating a broker or dealer for any
promotion or sale of Fund shares by directing to such broker or dealer the Trusts portfolio transactions or by making any payment to such broker or dealer received or to be received (which payment may include commissions, mark-ups or
mark-downs or other fees) from the Trusts portfolio transactions effected through another broker or dealer. However, the Fund may direct portfolio transactions to a broker or dealer that promotes or sells shares of the Trust if the
Trusts Board of Trustees approves policies and procedures designed to ensure that the selection of such brokers is not influenced by considerations about the sale of Trust shares. Accordingly, the Trustees (including a majority of the Trustees
who are not interested Trustees) have approved policies permitting the Trust to direct portfolio securities transactions to a broker or dealer that promotes or sells shares of the Trust subject to the prohibitions that: i) all persons responsible
for selecting such brokers or dealers (including but not limited to trading desk personnel and portfolio managers) may not take into account in connection with their selections the promotion or sale of shares issued by the Trust or any other
registered investment company, and ii) the Trust, the Investment Adviser and Goldman, Sachs & Co. as the Trusts distributor may not enter into any agreement or understanding where the Trust or the Investment Advisers direct, or are
expected to direct, portfolio transactions or any payment to a broker or dealer in consideration for the promotion or sale of shares of the Trust or any other registered investment company.
B-38
The Fund may participate in a Fund commission recapture program. Under the program, participating
broker-dealers rebate a percentage of commissions earned on the Fund portfolio transactions to the Fund from which they were generated. The rebated commissions are expected to be treated as realized capital gains of the Fund.
Subject to the above considerations, the Investment Adviser may use Goldman Sachs or an affiliate as a broker for the Fund. In order for
Goldman Sachs or an affiliate, acting as agent, to effect securities or futures transactions for the Fund, the commissions, fees or other remuneration received by Goldman Sachs or an affiliate must be reasonable and fair compared to the commissions,
fees or other remuneration received by other brokers in connection with comparable transactions involving similar securities or futures contracts. Furthermore, the Trustees, including a majority of the Trustees who are not interested
Trustees, have adopted procedures which are reasonably designed to provide that any commissions, fees or other remuneration paid to Goldman Sachs are consistent with the foregoing standard. Brokerage transactions with Goldman Sachs are also subject
to such fiduciary standards as may be imposed upon Goldman Sachs by applicable law. The amount of brokerage commissions paid by the Fund may vary substantially from year to year because of differences in shareholder purchase and redemption activity,
portfolio turnover rates and other factors.
Since the Fund is newly-organized, it did not pay brokerage commissions during the last three
fiscal years.
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SHARES OF THE TRUST
The Fund is a series of Goldman Sachs Trust, a Delaware statutory trust established by an Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated
January 28, 1997. The Funds fiscal year end is March 31.
The Trustees have authority under the Trusts Declaration of
Trust to create and classify shares of beneficial interest in separate series, without further action by shareholders. The Trustees also have authority to classify and reclassify any series of shares into one or more classes of shares. As of
February 28, 2014, the Trustees have authorized the issuance of two classes of shares of Limited Maturity Obligations Fund: Institutional and Administration Shares. Additional series and classes may be added in the future.
Each Institutional Share and Administration Share of the Fund represents a proportionate interest in the assets belonging to the applicable
class of the Fund. All expenses of the Fund are borne at the same rate by each class of shares, except that fees under the Administration Plan are borne exclusively by Administration Shares. The Trustees may determine in the future that it is
appropriate to allocate other expenses differently among classes of shares and may do so to the extent consistent with the rules of the SEC and positions of the IRS. Each class of shares may have different minimum investment requirements and be
entitled to different shareholder services. With limited exceptions, shares of a class may only be exchanged for shares of the same or an equivalent class of another series. See Shareholder Guide in the Prospectus and OTHER
INFORMATION REGARDING MAXIMUM SALES CHARGE, PURCHASES, REDEMPTIONS, EXCHANGES AND DIVIDENDS below. In addition, the fees and expenses set forth below for each class may be subject to fee waivers or reimbursements, as discussed in the
Funds Prospectus.
Institutional Shares may be purchased at net asset value without a sales charge for accounts in the name of an
investor or institution that is not compensated by the Fund for services provided to the institutions customers.
Administration
Shares may be purchased at net asset value without a sales charge for accounts held in the name of an institution that provides certain account administration to its customers, including maintenance of account records and processing orders to
purchase, redeem and exchange Administration Shares. Administration Shares bear the cost of account administration fees at the annual rate of up to 0.25% of the average daily net assets of such Administration Shares.
It is possible that an institution or its affiliate may offer different classes of shares (
i.e
., Institutional or Administration
Shares) to its customers and thus receive different compensation with respect to different classes of shares of the Fund. Dividends paid by the Fund, if any, with respect to each class of shares will be calculated in the same manner, at the same
time on the same day and will be in the same amount, except for differences caused by the fact that the respective transfer agency and Plan fees relating to a particular class will be borne exclusively by that class. Similarly, the net asset value
per share may differ depending upon the class of shares purchased.
Certain aspects of the shares may be altered, after advance notice to
shareholders, if it is deemed necessary in order to satisfy certain tax regulatory requirements.
When issued for the consideration
described in the Funds Prospectus, shares are fully paid and non-assessable. The Trustees may, however, cause shareholders, or shareholders of a particular series or class, to pay certain custodian, transfer, servicing or similar agent charges
by setting off the same against declared but unpaid dividends or by reducing share ownership (or by both means). In the event of liquidation of the Fund, shareholders of the Fund are entitled to share pro rata in the net assets of the applicable
class of the Fund available for distribution to such shareholders. All shares are freely transferable and have no preemptive, subscription or conversion rights. The Trustees may require Shareholders to redeem Shares for any reason under terms set by
the Trustees.
In the interest of economy and convenience, the Trust does not issue certificates representing the Funds shares.
Instead, the Transfer Agent maintains a record of each shareholders ownership. Each shareholder receives confirmation of purchase and redemption orders from the Transfer Agent. Fund shares and any dividends and distributions paid by the Fund
are reflected in account statements from the Transfer Agent.
The Act requires that where more than one series of shares exists, each
series must be preferred over all other series in respect of assets specifically allocated to such series. Rule 18f-2 under the Act provides that any matter required to be submitted by the provisions of the Act or applicable state law, or otherwise,
to the holders of the outstanding voting securities of an investment company such as the Trust shall not be deemed to have been effectively acted upon unless approved by the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of each series affected by
such matter. Rule 18f-2 further provides that a series shall be deemed to be affected by a matter unless the interests of each series in the matter are substantially identical or the matter does not affect any interest of such series. However, Rule
18f-2 exempts the selection of independent public accountants, the approval of principal distribution contracts and the election of trustees from the separate voting requirements of Rule 18f-2.
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The Trust is not required to hold annual meetings of shareholders and does not intend to hold
such meetings. In the event that a meeting of shareholders is held, each share of the Trust will be entitled, as determined by the Trustees without the vote or consent of the shareholders, either to one vote for each share or to one vote for each
dollar of net asset value represented by such share on all matters presented to shareholders including the election of Trustees (this method of voting being referred to as dollar based voting). However, to the extent required by the Act
or otherwise determined by the Trustees, series and classes of the Trust will vote separately from each other. Shareholders of the Trust do not have cumulative voting rights in the election of Trustees. Meetings of shareholders of the Trust, or any
series or class thereof, may be called by the Trustees, certain officers or upon the written request of holders of 10% or more of the shares entitled to vote at such meetings. The Trustees will call a special meeting of shareholders for the purpose
of electing Trustees, if, at any time, less than a majority of Trustees holding office at the time were elected by shareholders. The shareholders of the Trust will have voting rights only with respect to the limited number of matters specified in
the Declaration of Trust and such other matters as the Trustees may determine or may be required by law.
The Declaration of Trust
provides for indemnification of Trustees, officers, employees and agents of the Trust unless the recipient is adjudicated (i) to be liable by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties
involved in the conduct of such persons office; or (ii) not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that such persons actions were in the best interest of the Trust. The Declaration of Trust provides that, if any
shareholder or former shareholder of any series is held personally liable solely by reason of being or having been a shareholder and not because of the shareholders acts or omissions or for some other reason, the shareholder or former
shareholder (or the shareholders heirs, executors, administrators, legal representatives or general successors) shall be held harmless from and indemnified against all loss and expense arising from such liability. The Trust, acting on behalf
of any affected series, must, upon request by such shareholder, assume the defense of any claim made against such shareholder for any act or obligation of the series and satisfy any judgment thereon from the assets of the series.
The Declaration of Trust permits the termination of the Trust or of any series or class of the Trust (i) by a majority of the affected
shareholders at a meeting of shareholders of the Trust, series or class; or (ii) by a majority of the Trustees without shareholder approval if the Trustees determine, in their sole discretion, that such action is in the best interest of the
Trust, such series, such class or their shareholders. The Trustees may consider such factors as they, in their sole discretion, deem appropriate in making such determination, including (i) the inability of the Trust or any series or class to
maintain its assets at an appropriate size; (ii) changes in laws or regulations governing the Trust or series affecting assets of the type in which it invests; or (iii) economic developments or trends having a significant adverse impact on
their business or operations of the Trust or series.
The Declaration of Trust authorizes the Trustees, without shareholder approval, to
cause the Trust, or any series thereof, to merge or consolidate with any corporation, association, trust or other organization or sell or exchange all or substantially all of the property belonging to the Trust or any series thereof. In addition,
the Trustees, without shareholder approval, may adopt a master-feeder structure by investing all or a portion of the assets of a series of the Trust in the securities of another open-end investment company with substantially the same investment
objective, restrictions and policies.
The Declaration of Trust permits the Trustees to amend the Declaration of Trust without a
shareholder vote. However, shareholders of the Trust have the right to vote on any amendment (i) that would adversely affect the voting rights of shareholders; (ii) that is required by law to be approved by shareholders; (iii) that
would amend the provisions of the Declaration of Trust regarding amendments; or (iv) that the Trustees determine to submit to shareholders.
The Trustees may appoint separate Trustees with respect to one or more series or classes of the Trusts shares (the Series
Trustees). Series Trustees may, but are not required to, serve as Trustees of the Trust or any other series or class of the Trust. To the extent provided by the Trustees in the appointment of Series Trustees, the Series Trustees may have, to
the exclusion of any other Trustees of the Trust, all the powers and authorities of Trustees under the Declaration of Trust with respect to such series or class, but may have no power or authority with respect to any other series or class.
Shareholder and Trustee Liability
Under
Delaware law, the shareholders of the Fund are not generally subject to liability for the debts or obligations of the Trust. Similarly, Delaware law provides that a series of the Trust will not be liable for the debts or obligations of any other
series of the Trust. However, no similar statutory or other authority limiting statutory trust shareholder liability exists in other states. As a result, to the extent that a Delaware statutory trust or a shareholder is subject to the jurisdiction
of courts of such other states, the courts may not apply Delaware law and may thereby subject the Delaware statutory trust shareholders to liability. To guard against this risk, the Declaration of Trust contains an express disclaimer of shareholder
liability for acts or obligations of a series. Notice of such disclaimer will normally be given in each agreement, obligation or instrument entered into or executed by a series of the Trust. The Declaration of Trust provides for indemnification by
the relevant series for all loss suffered by a shareholder as a result of an obligation of the series. The Declaration of Trust also provides that a series shall, upon request, assume the defense of any claim made against any shareholder for any act
or obligation of the series and satisfy any judgment thereon. In view of the above, the risk of personal liability of shareholders of a Delaware statutory trust is remote.
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In addition to the requirements under Delaware law, the Declaration of Trust provides that
shareholders of a series may bring a derivative action on behalf of the series only if the following conditions are met: (a) shareholders eligible to bring such derivative action under Delaware law who hold at least 10% of the outstanding
shares of the series, or 10% of the outstanding shares of the class to which such action relates, shall join in the request for the Trustees to commence such action; and (b) the Trustees must be afforded a reasonable amount of time to consider
such shareholder request and to investigate the basis of such claim. The Trustees will be entitled to retain counsel or other advisers in considering the merits of the request and may require an undertaking by the shareholders making such request to
reimburse the Fund for the expense of any such advisers in the event that the Trustees determine not to bring such action.
The
Declaration of Trust further provides that the Trustees will not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law, but nothing in the Declaration of Trust protects a Trustee against liability to which he or she would otherwise be subject
by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.
NET ASSET VALUE
In accordance with procedures adopted by the Trustees of the Trust, the net asset value per share of each class of the Fund is calculated by
determining the value of the net assets attributed to each class of the Fund and dividing by the number of outstanding shares of that class. All securities are valued on each Business Day as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock
Exchange (normally, but not always, 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time) or such other time as the New York Stock Exchange or NASDAQ market may officially close. The term Business Day means any day the New York Stock Exchange is open for trading,
which is Monday through Friday except for holidays. The New York Stock Exchange is closed on the following holidays: New Years Day (observed), Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Washingtons Birthday (observed), Good Friday, Memorial Day,
Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas.
The time at which transactions and shares are priced and the time by which
orders must be received may be changed in case of an emergency or if regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange is stopped at a time other than 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time. The Trust reserves the right to reprocess purchase, redemption and exchange
transactions that were initially processed at a net asset value other than the Funds official closing net asset value (as the same may be subsequently adjusted), and to recover amounts from (or distribute amounts to) shareholders based on the
official closing net asset value. The Trust reserves the right to advance the time by which purchase and redemption orders must be received for same business day credit as otherwise permitted by the SEC. In addition, the Fund may compute its net
asset value as of any time permitted pursuant to any exemption, order or statement of the SEC or its staff.
For the purpose of
calculating the net asset value of the Fund, investments are valued under valuation procedures established by the Trustees. Portfolio securities, for which market quotations are readily available, other than money market instruments, are valued via
electronic feeds to the custodian bank containing dealer-supplied bid quotations or bid quotations from a recognized pricing service. Securities for which a pricing service either does not supply a quotation or supplies a quotation that is believed
by the Investment Adviser to be inaccurate, will be valued based on bid-side broker quotations. Although not required, quotations from a pricing service or broker-dealer are typically verified via a second pricing source. However, second source
pricing may not be available with respect to certain credit instruments in which the Fund invests. Securities for which the custodian bank is unable to obtain an external price as provided above or with respect to which the Investment Adviser
believes an external price does not reflect accurate market values, will be valued by the Investment Adviser in good faith based on yield equivalents, a pricing matrix or other sources, under valuation procedures established by the Trustees. The
pricing services may use valuation models or matrix pricing, which considers yield or price with respect to comparable bonds, quotations from bond dealers or by reference to other securities that are considered comparable in such characteristics as
rating, interest rate and maturity date, to determine current value. Other securities are valued as follows: (i) overnight repurchase agreements will be valued at cost; (ii) term repurchase agreements (
i.e
., those whose maturity
exceeds seven days) and swaps, caps, collars and floors will be valued at the average of the bid quotations obtained daily from at least one dealer; (iii) debt securities with a remaining maturity of 60 days or less are valued at amortized
cost, which the Trustees have determined to approximate fair value; (iv) spot and forward foreign currency exchange contracts will be valued using a pricing service such as Reuters (if quotations are unavailable from a pricing service or, if
the quotations by the Investment Adviser are believed to be inaccurate, the contracts will be valued by calculating the mean between the last bid and asked quotations supplied by at least one independent dealers in such contracts);
(v) exchange-traded options and futures contracts will be valued by the custodian bank at the last sale price on the exchange where such contracts and options are principally traded if accurate quotations are readily available; and
(vi) over-the-counter options will be valued by a broker identified by the portfolio manager/trader.
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Other securities, including those for which a pricing service supplies no exchange quotation or a
quotation that is believed by the portfolio manager/trader to be inaccurate, will be valued at fair value as stated in the valuation procedures which were approved by the Board of Trustees.
Generally, trading in securities on European, Asian and Far Eastern securities exchanges and on over-the-counter markets in these regions is
substantially completed at various times prior to the close of business on each Business Day in New York (
i.e
., a day on which the New York Stock Exchange is open for trading). In addition, European, Asian or Far Eastern securities trading
generally or in a particular country or countries may not take place on all Business Days in New York. Furthermore, trading takes place in various foreign markets on days which are not Business Days in New York and days on which the Funds net
asset values are not calculated. Such calculation does not take place contemporaneously with the determination of the prices of the majority of the portfolio securities used in such calculation. The Funds investments are valued based on market
quotations which may be furnished by a pricing service or provided by securities dealers. If accurate market quotations are not readily available, or if the Investment Adviser believes that such quotations or prices do not accurately reflect fair
value, the fair value of the Funds investments may be determined based on yield equivalents, a pricing matrix or other sources, under valuation procedures established by the Trustees.
The Investment Adviser, consistent with its procedures and applicable regulatory guidance, may (but need not) determine to make an adjustment
to the previous closing prices of either domestic or foreign securities in light of significant events, to reflect what it believes to be the fair value of the securities at the time of determining the Funds NAV. Significant events that could
affect a large number of securities in a particular market may include, but are not limited to: situations relating to one or more single issuers in a market sector; significant fluctuations in U.S. or foreign markets; market dislocations; market
disruptions or unscheduled market closings; equipment failures; natural or man-made disasters or acts of God; armed conflicts; governmental actions or other developments; as well as the same or similar events which may affect specific issuers or the
securities markets even though not tied directly to the securities markets. Other significant events that could relate to a single issuer may include, but are not limited to: corporate actions such as reorganizations, mergers and buy-outs; corporate
announcements, including those relating to earnings, products and regulatory news; significant litigation; ratings downgrades; bankruptcies; and trading suspensions.
In general, fair value represents a good faith approximation of the current value of an asset and may be used when there is no public market
or possibly no market at all for an asset. A security that is fair valued may be valued at a price higher or lower than actual market quotations or the value determined by other funds using their own fair valuation procedures. The fair value of an
asset may not be the price at which that asset is ultimately sold.
The proceeds received by the Fund and each other series of the Trust
from the issue or sale of its shares, and all net investment income, realized and unrealized gain and proceeds thereof, subject only to the rights of creditors, will be specifically allocated to the Fund or particular series and constitute the
underlying assets of the Fund or series. The underlying assets of the Fund will be segregated on the books of account, and will be charged with the liabilities in respect of the Fund and with a share of the general liabilities of the Trust. Expenses
of the Trust with respect to the Fund and the other series of the Trust are generally allocated in proportion to the net asset values of the Fund or series except where allocations of direct expenses can otherwise be fairly made.
Errors and Corrective Actions
The
Investment Adviser will report to the Board of Trustees any material breaches of investment objective, policies or restrictions and any material errors in the calculation of the NAV of the Fund or the processing of purchases and redemptions.
Depending on the nature and size of an error, corrective action may or may not be required. Corrective action may involve a prospective correction of the NAV only, correction of any erroneous NAV and compensation to the Fund, or correction of any
erroneous NAV, compensation to the Fund and reprocessing of individual shareholder transactions. The Trusts policies on errors and corrective action limit or restrict when corrective action will be taken or when compensation to the Fund or its
shareholders will be paid, and not all mistakes will result in compensable errors. As a result, neither the Fund nor its shareholders who purchase or redeem shares during periods in which errors accrue or occur may be compensated in connection with
the resolution of an error. Shareholders will generally not be notified of the occurrence of a compensable error or the resolution thereof absent unusual circumstances. As discussed in more detail under Net Asset Value, the Funds
portfolio securities may be priced based on quotations for those securities provided by pricing services. There can be no guarantee that a quotation provided by a pricing service will be accurate.
B-43
TAXATION
The following is a summary of the principal U.S. federal income, and certain state and local, tax considerations affecting the Fund and their
shareholders that are not described in the Prospectus. This summary does not address special tax rules applicable to certain classes of investors, such as tax exempt entities, insurance companies and financial institutions. Each prospective
shareholder is urged to consult his or her own tax adviser with respect to the specific federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences of investing in the Fund. The summary is based on the laws as of the date of this SAI, which are subject to
change.
General
The Fund is a
separate taxable entity. The Fund will elect to be treated and intends to qualify for each taxable year as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of Subtitle A, Chapter 1, of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
Code). To qualify as such, the Fund must satisfy certain requirements relating to the sources of its income, diversification of its assets and distribution of its income to shareholders. As a regulated investment company, the Fund will
not be subject to federal income or excise tax on any net investment income and net realized capital gains that are distributed to its shareholders in accordance with certain timing requirements of the Code.
There are certain tax requirements that the Fund must follow in order to avoid federal taxation. In its efforts to adhere to these
requirements, the Fund may have to limit its investment activities in some types of instruments. Qualification as a regulated investment company under the Code requires, among other things, that (i) the Fund derive at least 90% of its gross
income (including tax exempt interest) for its taxable year from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans and gains from the sale or other disposition of stocks or securities, or foreign currencies, income from certain publicly
traded partnerships or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures and forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies (the 90% gross income test);
and (ii) the Fund diversify its holdings so that, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year, (a) at least 50% of the market value of its total (gross) assets is comprised of cash, cash items, U.S. Government securities, securities
of other regulated investment companies and other securities limited in respect of any one issuer to an amount not greater in value than 5% of the value of the Funds total assets and to not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of
such issuer, and (b) not more than 25% of the value of its total (gross) assets is invested in the securities of any one issuer (other than U.S. Government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies) or two or more
issuers controlled by the Fund and engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses, or in the securities of certain publicly traded partnerships.
Future Treasury regulations could provide that qualifying income under the 90% gross income test will not include gains from foreign currency
transactions that are not directly related to the principal business of the Fund in investing in stock or securities or options and futures with respect to stock or securities. Using foreign currency positions or entering into foreign currency
options, futures and forward contracts for purposes other than hedging currency risk with respect to securities held by the Fund or anticipated to be acquired may not qualify as directly related under these tests.
As a regulated investment company, the Fund will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the portion of its income and capital gains that
it distributes to its shareholders in any taxable year for which it distributes, in compliance with the Codes timing and other requirements (i.e., the 90% distribution requirement), an amount at least equal to the sum of 90% of its
investment company taxable income (which includes dividends, taxable interest, taxable original issue discount income, market discount income, acquisition discount income, income from securities lending, net short-term capital gain in
excess of net long-term capital loss, certain net realized foreign exchange gains, and any other taxable income other than net capital gain as defined below and is reduced by deductible expenses) plus 90% of the excess of its gross tax
exempt interest income, if any, over certain disallowed deductions (net tax exempt interest). The Fund may retain for investment its net capital gain (which consists of the excess of its net long-term capital gain over its
net short-term capital loss). However, if the Fund retains any investment company taxable income or net capital gain and satisfies the 90% distribution requirement, it will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates on the amount retained.
The Fund generally intends to distribute for each taxable year to its shareholders all or substantially all of its investment company
taxable income (if any), net capital gain and any net tax exempt interest. Exchange control or other foreign laws, regulations or practices may restrict repatriation of investment income, capital or the proceeds of securities sales by foreign
investors such as the Fund, and may therefore make it more difficult for the Fund to satisfy the distribution requirements described above, as well as the excise tax distribution requirements described below. However, the Fund generally expects to
be able to obtain sufficient cash to satisfy such requirements from new investors, the sale of securities or other sources. If for any taxable year the Fund does not qualify as a regulated investment company, it will be taxed on all of its
investment company taxable income and net capital gain at corporate rates, without any deduction for dividends paid, its net tax exempt interest (if any) may be subject to the alternative minimum tax, and its distributions to shareholders will be
taxable as ordinary dividends to the extent of its current and accumulated earnings and profits.
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If the Fund retains any net capital gain, the Fund may designate the retained amount as
undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who (1) if subject to U.S. federal income tax on long-term capital gains, will be required to include in income for federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital gain, their shares
of that undistributed amount, and (2) will be entitled to credit their proportionate shares of the tax paid by the Fund against their U.S. federal income tax liabilities, if any, and to claim refunds to the extent the credit exceeds those
liabilities. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of shares owned by a shareholder of the Fund will be increased by the amount of any such undistributed net capital gain included in the shareholders gross income and decreased by
the federal income tax paid by the Fund on that amount of net capital gain.
For federal income tax purposes, capital loss
carryforwards will generally be able to be carried forward indefinitely. These amounts are available to be carried forward to offset future capital gains to the extent permitted by the Code and applicable tax regulations.
In order to avoid a 4% federal excise tax, the Fund must generally distribute or be deemed to have distributed by December 31 of each
calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of 98% of its taxable ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for such year, 98.2% of the excess of its capital gains over its capital losses (generally computed on the
basis of the one-year period ending on October 31 of such year) and 100% of any taxable ordinary income and the excess of capital gains over capital losses for the prior year that were not distributed during such year and on which the Fund did
not pay federal income tax. The Fund anticipates that it will generally make timely distributions of income and capital gains in compliance with these requirements so that it will generally not be required to pay the excise tax.
Gains and losses on the sale, lapse, or other termination of options and futures contracts, options thereon and certain forward contracts
(except certain foreign currency options, forward contracts and futures contracts) will generally be treated as capital gains and losses. Certain of the futures contracts, forward contracts and options held by the Fund will be required to be
marked-to-market for federal income tax purposes, that is, treated as having been sold at their fair market value on the last day of the Funds taxable year. These provisions may require the Fund to recognize income or gains without
a concurrent receipt of cash. Any gain or loss recognized on actual or deemed sales of these futures contracts, forward contracts or options will (except for certain foreign currency options, forward contracts, and futures contracts) be treated as
60% long-term capital gain or loss and 40% short-term capital gain or loss. As a result of certain hedging transactions entered into by the Fund, the Fund may be required to defer the recognition of losses on futures or forward contracts and options
or underlying securities or foreign currencies to the extent of any unrecognized gains on related positions held by the Fund and the characterization of gains or losses as long-term or short-term may be changed. The tax provisions described above
applicable to options, futures and forward contracts may affect the amount, timing, and character of the Funds distributions to shareholders. Certain tax elections may be available to the Fund to mitigate some of the unfavorable consequences
described in this paragraph.
Section 988 of the Code contains special tax rules applicable to certain foreign currency transactions
and instruments that may affect the amount, timing and character of income, gain or loss recognized by the Fund. Under these rules, foreign exchange gain or loss realized by the Fund with respect to foreign currencies and certain futures and options
thereon, foreign currency-denominated debt instruments, foreign currency forward contracts, and foreign currency-denominated payables and receivables will generally be treated as ordinary income or loss, although in some cases elections may be
available that would alter this treatment. If a net foreign exchange loss treated as ordinary loss under Section 988 of the Code were to exceed the Funds investment company taxable income (computed without regard to such loss) for a
taxable year, the resulting loss would not be deductible by the Fund or its shareholders in future years. Net loss, if any, from certain foreign currency transactions or instruments could exceed net investment income otherwise calculated for
accounting purposes with the result being either no dividends being paid or a portion of the Funds dividends being treated as a return of capital for tax purposes, nontaxable to the extent of a shareholders tax basis in his or her shares
and, once such basis is exhausted, generally giving rise to capital gains.
The Fund may be subject to foreign taxes on income
(possibly including, in some cases, capital gains) from foreign securities. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes in some cases. If more than 50% of the Funds total assets at the
close of any taxable year consist of stock or securities of foreign corporations and it meets the 90% distribution requirement described above, the Fund will generally qualify to file an election with the IRS pursuant to which shareholders of the
Fund would be required to (i) include in ordinary gross income (in addition to taxable dividends actually received) their pro rata shares of foreign income taxes paid by the Fund that are treated as income taxes under U.S. tax regulations
(which excludes, for example, stamp taxes, securities transaction taxes, and similar taxes) even though not actually received by such shareholders; and (ii) treat such respective pro rata portions as foreign income taxes paid by them. The Fund
may or may not make this election for any particular taxable year. If the Fund does not make this election, it will, however, be entitled to deduct such taxes in computing the amounts it is required to distribute.
B-45
If the Fund makes this election, its shareholders may then deduct such pro rata portions of
qualified foreign taxes in computing their taxable incomes, or, alternatively, use them as foreign tax credits, subject to applicable limitations, against their U.S. federal income taxes. Shareholders who do not itemize deductions for federal income
tax purposes will not, however, be able to deduct their pro rata portion of qualified foreign taxes paid by the Fund, although such shareholders will be required to include their shares of such taxes in gross income if the Fund makes the election
referred to above.
If a shareholder chooses to take a credit for the foreign taxes deemed paid by such shareholder as a result of any
such election by the Fund, the amount of the credit that may be claimed in any year may not exceed the same proportion of the U.S. tax against which such credit is taken which the shareholders taxable income from foreign sources (but not in
excess of the shareholders entire taxable income) bears to his or her entire taxable income. For this purpose, distributions from long-term and short-term capital gains or foreign currency gains by the Fund will generally not be treated as
income from foreign sources. This foreign tax credit limitation may also be applied separately to certain specific categories of foreign-source income and the related foreign taxes. As a result of these rules, and certain other limitations, which
have different effects depending upon each shareholders particular tax situation, certain shareholders may not be able to claim a credit for the full amount of their proportionate shares of the foreign taxes paid by the Fund.
Shareholders who are not liable for U.S. federal income taxes, including tax exempt shareholders, will ordinarily not benefit from this
election. Each year, if any, that the Fund files the election described above, its shareholders will be notified of the amount of (i) each shareholders pro rata share of qualified foreign income taxes paid by the Fund; and (ii) the
portion of Fund dividends which represents income from each foreign country.
If the Fund acquires stock (including, under proposed
regulations, an option to acquire stock such as is inherent in a convertible bond) in certain foreign corporations (passive foreign investment companies) that receive at least 75% of their annual gross income from passive sources (such
as interest, dividends, rents, royalties or capital gain) or hold at least 50% of their assets in investments producing such passive income, the Fund could be subject to federal income tax and additional interest charges on excess
distributions received from such companies or gain from the sale of such stock in such companies, even if all income or gain actually received by the Fund is timely distributed to its shareholders. The Fund would not be able to pass through to
its shareholders any credit or deduction for such a tax. Certain elections may, if available, ameliorate these adverse tax consequences, but any such election would require the Fund to recognize taxable income or gain without the concurrent receipt
of cash. The Fund may limit and/or manage its holdings in passive foreign investment companies to minimize its tax liability or maximize its return from these investments.
Some of the debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund may
be treated as debt securities that are issued originally at a discount. Generally, the amount of the original issue discount (OID) is treated as interest income and is included in income over the term of the debt security, even though
payment of that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures.
Some of the debt securities (with a
fixed maturity date of more than one year from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund in the secondary market may be treated as having market discount. Generally, any gain recognized on the disposition of, and any partial payment of
principal on, a debt security having market discount is treated as ordinary income to the extent the gain, or principal payment, does not exceed the accrued market discount on such debt security. Market discount generally accrues in
equal daily installments. The Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having market discount, which could affect the character and timing of recognition of income.
Some debt securities (with a fixed maturity date of one year or less from the date of issuance) that may be acquired by the Fund may be
treated as having acquisition discount, or OID in the case of certain types of debt securities. Generally, the Fund will be required to include the acquisition discount, or OID, in income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of
that amount is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. The Fund may make one or more of the elections applicable to debt securities having acquisition discount, or OID, which could affect the character and timing of
recognition of income.
The Fund generally will be required to distribute dividends to shareholders representing discount on debt
securities that is currently includable in income, even though cash representing such income may not have been received by the Fund. Additionally, mark-to-market gain from certain options, futures or forward contracts, as described
above, will generally cause the Fund to realize income or gain prior to the receipt of cash payments with respect to these securities or contracts. In order to obtain cash to enable it to distribute this income or gain, maintain its qualification as
a regulated investment company and avoid federal income or excise taxes, the Fund may be required to liquidate portfolio securities earlier than it might otherwise have done.
Investment in lower-rated securities may present special tax issues for the Fund to the extent actual or
anticipated defaults may be more likely with respect to such securities. Tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount, or market discount; when and to what extent
deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless securities; how payment received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income; and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a workout context are taxable. These and
other issues will be addressed by the Fund, if it invests in such securities, in order to seek to eliminate or minimize any adverse tax consequences.
The application of certain requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company and the application of certain other tax rules may
be unclear in some respects in connection with certain investment practices such as dollar rolls, or investments in certain derivatives, including interest rate swaps, floors, cap and collars, currency swaps, total return swaps, mortgage swaps,
index swaps, forward contracts and structured notes. As a result, the Fund may therefore be required to limit its investments in such transactions and it is also possible that the IRS may not agree with the Funds tax treatment of such
transactions. In addition, the tax treatment of derivatives, and certain other investments, may be affected by future legislation, Treasury Regulations and guidance issued by the IRS that could affect the timing, character and amount of the
Funds income and gains and distributions to shareholders.
Taxable U.S. Shareholders Distributions
Distributions from investment company taxable income, whether reinvested in additional shares or paid in cash, as defined above, are generally
taxable to shareholders who are subject to tax as ordinary income whether paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares. However, under current law, distributions to noncorporate shareholders attributable to dividends received by the Fund from
U.S. and certain foreign corporations will generally be taxed at the long-term capital gain rate (described below), as long as certain other requirements are met. For these lower rates to apply, the noncorporate shareholders must have owned their
Fund shares for at least 61 days during the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the Funds ex-dividend date. Distributions from the Fund generally
B-46
will not qualify for taxation at the lower rate because the Fund generally will be earning interest rather than dividend income. Taxable distributions include distributions from the Fund, that
are attributable to (i) taxable income, including but not limited to dividends, taxable bond interest, recognized market discount income, original issue discount income accrued with respect to taxable bonds, income from repurchase agreements,
acquisition discount income accrued with respect to certain short-term obligations, income from securities lending, income from dollar rolls, income from interest rate, currency, total return swaps, options on swaps, caps, floors and collars, and a
portion of the discount from certain stripped tax exempt obligations or their coupons; or (ii) capital gains from the sale of securities or other investments (including from the disposition of rights to when-issued securities prior to issuance)
or from options, futures or certain forward contracts. Any portion of such taxable distributions that is attributable to the Funds net capital gain, as defined above, may be designated by the Fund as a capital gain dividend,
taxable to shareholders as long-term capital gain whether received in cash or additional shares and regardless of the length of time their shares of the Fund have been held. The maximum individual rate applicable to long-term capital gains is
generally either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individuals income exceeds certain threshold amounts.
It is expected
that distributions made by the Fund will ordinarily not qualify for the dividends-received deduction for corporations because qualifying distributions may be made only from the Funds dividend income that it receives from stock in U.S. domestic
corporations. The Fund does not intend to purchase stock of domestic corporations other than in limited instances, distributions from which may in rare cases qualify as dividends for this purpose. The dividends-received deduction, if available, is
reduced to the extent the shares with respect to which the dividends are received are treated as debt-financed under the federal income tax law and is eliminated if the shares are deemed to have been held for less than a minimum period, generally 46
days. Receipt of certain distributions qualifying for the deduction may result in reduction of the tax basis of the corporate shareholders shares and may give rise to or increase its liability for federal corporate alternative minimum tax.
Distributions in excess of the Funds current and accumulated earnings and profits, as computed for federal income tax purposes,
will first reduce a shareholders basis in his or her shares and, after the shareholders basis is reduced to zero, will generally constitute capital gains to a shareholder who holds his or her shares as capital assets.
Shareholders receiving a distribution in the form of newly issued shares will be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as receiving a
distribution in an amount equal to the amount of cash that they would have received had they elected to receive cash and will have a cost basis in the shares received equal to such amount.
After the close of each calendar year, the Fund will inform shareholders of the federal income tax status of its dividends and distributions
for such year, including the portion of such dividends, if any, that qualifies as capital gain.
All distributions, whether received
in shares or in cash, as well as redemptions and exchanges, must be reported by each shareholder who is required to file a U.S. federal income tax return.
Different tax treatment, including penalties on certain excess contributions and deferrals, certain pre-retirement and post-retirement
distributions, and certain prohibited transactions is accorded to accounts maintained as qualified retirement plans. Shareholders should consult their tax advisers for more information.
Taxable U.S. Shareholders Sale of Shares
When a shareholders shares are sold, redeemed or otherwise disposed of in a transaction that is treated as a sale for tax purposes, the
shareholder will generally recognize gain or loss equal to the difference between the shareholders adjusted tax basis in the shares and the cash, or fair market value of any property, received. (To aid in computing that tax basis, a
shareholder should generally retain its account statements for the period that it holds shares.) If the shareholder holds the shares as a capital asset at the time of sale, the character of the gain or loss should be capital, and treated as
long-term if the shareholders holding period is more than one year and short-term otherwise, subject to the rules below. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisers with reference to their particular circumstances to determine whether a
redemption (including an exchange) or other disposition of Fund shares is properly treated as a sale for tax purposes, as is assumed in this discussion.
Certain special tax rules may apply to a shareholders capital gains or losses on Fund shares. If a shareholder receives a capital gain
dividend with respect to shares and such shares have a tax holding period of six months or less at the time of a sale or redemption of such shares, then any loss the shareholder realizes on the sale or redemption will be treated as a long-term
capital loss to the extent of such capital gain dividend. All or a portion of any sales load paid upon the purchase of shares of the Fund will generally not be
B-47
taken into account in determining gain or loss on the redemption or exchange of such shares within 90 days after their purchase to the extent the redemption proceeds are reinvested, or the
exchange is effected, on or before January 31 of the calendar year following the calendar year in which the original stock is disposed of without payment of an additional sales load pursuant to the reinvestment or exchange privilege. The load
not taken into account will be added to the tax basis of the newly acquired shares. Additionally, any loss realized on a sale or redemption of shares of the Fund may be disallowed under wash sale rules to the extent the shares disposed
of are replaced with other shares of the Fund within a period of 61 days beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the shares are disposed of, such as pursuant to a dividend reinvestment in shares of the Fund. If disallowed, the loss will be
reflected in an adjustment to the basis of the shares acquired.
Medicare Tax
An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions
received from the Fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of Fund shares) of U.S. individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such persons modified adjusted gross income (in the case of an
individual) or adjusted gross income (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts.
Information Reporting and
Backup Withholding
The Fund will be required to report to the IRS all taxable distributions, as well as gross proceeds from the
redemption or exchange of Fund shares, except in the case of certain exempt recipients, i.e., certain corporations and certain other investors distributions to which are exempt from the information reporting provisions of the Code. Under the backup
withholding provisions of Section 3406 of the Code and applicable Treasury regulations, all such reportable distributions and proceeds may be subject to backup withholding of federal income tax at the current specified rate of 28% in the case
of exempt recipients that fail to certify to the Fund that they are not subject to withholding, non-exempt shareholders who fail to furnish the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number (TIN) and with certain required
certifications or if the IRS or a broker notifies the Fund that the number furnished by the shareholder is incorrect or that the shareholder is subject to backup withholding as a result of failure to report interest or dividend income. The Fund may
refuse to accept an application that does not contain any required taxpayer identification number or certification that the number provided is correct. If the backup withholding provisions are applicable, any such distributions and proceeds, whether
taken in cash or reinvested in shares, will be reduced by the amounts required to be withheld. Any amounts withheld may be credited against a shareholders U.S. federal income tax liability. If a shareholder does not have a TIN, it should apply
for one immediately by contacting the local office of the Social Security Administration or the IRS. Backup withholding could apply to payments relating to a shareholders account while it is awaiting receipt of a TIN. Special rules apply for
certain entities. For example, for an account established under a Uniform Gifts or Transfers to Minors Act, the TIN of the minor should be furnished. Investors should consult their tax advisers about the applicability of the backup withholding
provisions.
Non-U.S. Shareholders
The discussion above relates solely to U.S. federal income tax law as it applies to U.S. persons subject to tax under such law.
Distributions to shareholders who, as to the United States, are not U.S. persons, (
i.e.
, are nonresident aliens,
foreign corporations, fiduciaries of foreign trusts or estates or other non-U.S. investors) generally will be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at the rate of 30% on distributions treated as ordinary income unless the tax is reduced or
eliminated pursuant to a tax treaty or the distributions are effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business of the shareholder; but distributions of net capital gain (the excess of any net long-term capital gains over any net short-term capital
losses) including amounts retained by the Fund which are designated as undistributed capital gains, to such a non-U.S. shareholder will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax unless the distributions are effectively connected with
the shareholders trade or business in the United States or, in the case of a shareholder who is a nonresident alien individual, the shareholder is present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year and certain other
conditions are met. Non-U.S. shareholders may also be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax on deemed income resulting from any election by the Fund to treat qualified foreign taxes it pays as passed through to shareholders (as described above),
but they may not be able to claim a U.S. tax credit or deduction with respect to such taxes.
Under an expired provision (which may
possibly be extended by Congress), non-U.S. shareholders generally are not subject to U.S. federal income tax withholding on certain distributions of interest income and/or short-term capital gains that are designated by the Fund. It is expected
that the Fund will generally make designations of short-term gains, to the extent permitted, but the Fund does not intend to make designations of any distributions attributable to interest income. Therefore, all distributions of interest income will
be subject to withholding when paid to non-U.S. investors.
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Any capital gain realized by a non-U.S. shareholder upon a sale or redemption of shares of the
Fund will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax unless the gain is effectively connected with the shareholders trade or business in the U.S., or in the case of a shareholder who is a nonresident alien individual, the
shareholder is present in the U.S. for 183 days or more during the taxable year and certain other conditions are met.
Non-U.S. persons
who fail to furnish the Fund with the proper IRS Form W-8 (
i.e.
, W-8BEN, W-8ECI, W-8IMY or W-8EXP), or an acceptable substitute, may be subject to backup withholding at a 28% rate on dividends (including capital gain dividends) and on the
proceeds of redemptions and exchanges. Also, non-U.S. shareholders of a Fund may be subject to U.S. estate tax with respect to their Fund shares.
Effective July 1, 2014, the Fund will be required to withhold U.S. tax (at a 30% rate) on payments of dividends and (effective
January 1, 2017) redemption proceeds and certain capital gain dividends made to certain non-U.S. entities that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive new reporting and withholding requirements designed to inform the U.S.
Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts. Shareholders may be requested to provide additional information to enable the Fund to determine whether withholding is required.
Each shareholder who is not a U.S. person should consult his or her tax adviser regarding the U.S. and non-U.S. tax consequences of ownership
of shares of, and receipt of distributions from, the Fund.
State and Local Taxes
The Fund may be subject to state or local taxes in certain jurisdictions in which the Fund may be deemed to be doing business. A state income
(and possibly local income and/or intangible property) tax exemption is generally available to the extent (if any) the Funds distributions are derived from interest on (or, in the case of intangible property taxes, the value of its assets is
attributable to) certain U.S. government obligations and/or tax exempt municipal obligations issued by or on behalf of the particular state or a political subdivision thereof, provided in some states that certain thresholds for holdings of such
obligations and/or reporting requirements are satisfied. In addition, in those states or localities which have income tax laws, the treatment of the Fund and its shareholders under such laws may differ from their treatment under federal income tax
laws, and investment in the Fund may have tax consequences for shareholders different from those of a direct investment in the Funds portfolio securities. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisers concerning these matters.
PROXY VOTING
The Trust, on behalf of the Fund, has delegated the voting of portfolio securities to the Investment Adviser. For client accounts for which
the Investment Adviser has voting discretion, the Investment Adviser has adopted policies and procedures (the Proxy Voting Policy) for the voting of proxies. Under the Proxy Voting Policy, the Investment Advisers guiding principles
in performing proxy voting are to make decisions that favor proposals that in the Investment Advisers view tend to maximize a companys shareholder value and are not influenced by conflicts of interest. To implement these guiding
principles for investments in publicly-traded equities, the Investment Adviser has developed customized proxy voting guidelines (the Guidelines) that it generally applies when voting on behalf of client accounts. Attached as Appendix B
is a summary of the Guidelines. These Guidelines address a wide variety of individual topics, including, among other matters, shareholder voting rights, anti-takeover defenses, board structures, the election of directors, executive and director
compensation, reorganizations, mergers, issues of corporate social responsibility and various shareholder proposals. The Guidelines embody the positions and factors the Investment Adviser generally considers important in casting proxy votes.
The Proxy Voting Policy, including the Guidelines, is reviewed periodically to ensure that it continues to be consistent with the Investment
Advisers guiding principles.
The Investment Adviser has retained a third-party proxy voting service (Proxy Service),
currently Institutional Shareholder Services, to assist in the implementation and administration of certain proxy voting-related functions including, without limitation, operational, recordkeeping and reporting services. The Proxy Service also
prepares a written analysis and recommendation (a Recommendation) of each proxy vote that reflects the Proxy Services application of the Guidelines to particular proxy issues. While it is the Investment Advisers policy
generally to follow the Guidelines and Recommendations from the Proxy Service, the Investment Advisers portfolio management teams (Portfolio Management Teams) may on certain proxy votes seek approval to
B-49
diverge from the Guidelines or a Recommendation by following an override process. Such decisions are subject to a review and approval process, including a determination that the
decision is not influenced by any conflict of interest. A Portfolio Management Team that receives approval through the override process to cast a proxy vote that diverges from the Guidelines and/or a Recommendation may vote differently than other
Portfolio Management Teams that did not seek to override that vote. In forming their views on particular matters, the Portfolio Management Teams are also permitted to consider applicable regional rules and practices, including codes of conduct and
other guides, regarding proxy voting, in addition to the Guidelines and Recommendations. The Investment Adviser may hire other service providers to replace or supplement the Proxy Service with respect to any of the services the Investment Adviser
currently receives from the Proxy Service.
GSAM conducts periodic due diligence meetings with the Proxy Service which include, but are
not limited to, a review of the Proxy Services general organizational structure, new developments with respect to research and technology, work flow improvements and internal due diligence with respect to conflicts of interest.
From time to time, the Investment Adviser may face regulatory, compliance, legal or logistical limits with respect to voting securities that
it may purchase or hold for client accounts, which can affect the Investment Advisers ability to vote such proxies, as well as the desirability of voting such proxies. Among other limits, federal, state and foreign regulatory restrictions or
company specific ownership limits, as well as legal matters related to consolidated groups, may restrict the total percentage of an issuers voting securities that the Investment Adviser can hold for clients and the nature of the Investment
Advisers voting in such securities. The Investment Advisers ability to vote proxies may also be affected by, among other things: (i) late receipt of meeting notices; (ii) requirements to vote proxies in person:
(iii) restrictions on a foreigners ability to exercise votes; (iv) potential difficulties in translating the proxy; (v) requirements to provide local agents with unrestricted powers of attorney to facilitate voting instructions;
and (vi) requirements that investors who exercise their voting rights surrender the right to dispose of their holdings for some specified period in proximity to the shareholder meeting.
The Investment Adviser has adopted policies and procedures designed to prevent conflicts of interest from influencing its proxy voting
decisions that the Investment Adviser makes on behalf of a client account. These policies and procedures include the Investment Advisers use of the Guidelines and Recommendations from the Proxy Service, the override approval process previously
discussed, and the establishment of information barriers between the Investment Adviser and other businesses within The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. Notwithstanding such proxy voting policies and procedures, actual proxy voting decisions of the
Investment Adviser may have the effect of benefitting the interests of other clients or businesses of other divisions or units of Goldman Sachs and/or its affiliates.
Voting decisions with respect to fixed income securities and the securities of privately held issuers generally will be made by a Funds
managers based on their assessment of the particular transactions or other matters at issue.
Information regarding how the Fund voted
proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 will be available on or through the Funds website at www.gsamfunds.com and on the SECs website at
www.sec.gov
.
PAYMENTS TO INTERMEDIARIES
The Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates may make payments to Intermediaries from time to time to promote the sale,
distribution and/or servicing of shares of the Fund. These payments (Additional Payments) are made out of the Investment Advisers, Distributors and/or their affiliates own assets (which may come directly or indirectly
from fees paid by the Fund), are not an additional charge to the Fund or its shareholders, and do not change the price paid by investors for the purchase of the Funds shares or the amount the Fund receives as proceeds from such purchases.
Although paid by the Investment Advisor, Distributor, and/or their affiliates, the Additional Payments are in addition to the distribution and service fees paid by the Fund to the Intermediaries as described in the Funds Prospectus and this
SAI, and are also in addition to the sales commissions payable to Intermediaries as set forth in the Prospectus. For purposes of this Payments to Intermediaries section, Funds shall mean, collectively, the Fund and any of the
other Goldman Sachs Funds.
The Additional Payments are intended to compensate Intermediaries for, among other things: marketing shares of
the Funds, which may consist of payments relating to funds included on preferred or recommended fund lists or in certain sales programs from time to time sponsored by the Intermediaries; due diligence examination and/or review of the
Funds from time to time; access to the Intermediaries registered representatives or salespersons, including at conferences and other meetings; assistance in training and education of personnel; finders or referral fees
for directing investors to the Funds; marketing support fees for providing assistance in promoting the sale of Fund shares (which may include promotions in communications with the Intermediaries
B-50
customers, registered representatives and salespersons); and/or other specified services intended to assist in the distribution and marketing of the Funds. In addition, the Investment Adviser,
Distributor and/or their affiliates may make Additional Payments (including through sub-transfer agency and networking agreements) for subaccounting, administrative and/or shareholder processing services that are in addition to the transfer agent,
shareholder administration, servicing and processing fees paid by the Funds. These Additional Payments may exceed amounts earned on these assets by the Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates for the performance of these or similar
services. The Additional Payments may be a fixed dollar amount; may be based on the number of customer accounts maintained by an Intermediary; may be based on a percentage of the value of shares sold to, or held by, customers of the Intermediary
involved; or may be calculated on another basis. The Additional Payments are negotiated with each Intermediary based on a range of factors, including but not limited to the Intermediarys ability to attract and retain assets (including
particular classes of Fund shares), target markets, customer relationships, quality of service and industry reputation. Although the individual components may be higher or lower and the total amount of Additional Payments made to any Intermediary in
any given year will vary, the amount of these Additional Payments (excluding payments made through sub-transfer agency and networking agreements), on average, is normally not expected to exceed 0.50% (annualized) of the amount sold or invested
through an Intermediary.
These Additional Payments may be significant to certain Intermediaries, and may be an important factor in an
Intermediarys willingness to support the sale of the Funds through its distribution system.
The Investment Adviser, Distributor
and/or their affiliates may be motivated to make Additional Payments since they promote the sale of Fund shares to clients of Intermediaries and the retention of those investments by those clients. To the extent Intermediaries sell more shares of
the Funds or retain shares of the Funds in their clients accounts, the Investment Adviser and Distributor benefit from the incremental management and other fees paid by the Funds with respect to those assets.
In addition, certain Intermediaries may have access to certain research and investment services from the Investment Adviser, Distributor
and/or their affiliates. Such research and investment services (Additional Services) may include research reports, economic analysis, portfolio analysis tools, business planning services, certain marketing and investor education
materials and strategic asset allocation modeling. The Intermediary may not pay for these products or services. The cost of the Additional Services and the particular services provided may vary from Intermediary to Intermediary.
The Additional Payments made by the Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates or the Additional Services received by an
Intermediary may vary with respect to the type of fund (e.g., equity, fund, fixed income fund, specialty fund, asset allocation portfolio or money market fund) sold by the Intermediary. In addition, the Additional Payment arrangements may include
breakpoints in compensation which provide that the percentage rate of compensation varies as the dollar value of the amount sold or invested through an Intermediary increases.
The presence of these Additional Payments or Additional Services, the varying fee structure and the basis on which an Intermediary compensates
its registered representatives or salespersons may create an incentive for a particular Intermediary, registered representative or salesperson to highlight, feature or recommend funds, including the Funds, or other investments based, at least in
part, on the level of compensation paid. Additionally, if one mutual fund sponsor makes greater distribution payments than another, an Intermediary may have an incentive to recommend one fund complex over another. Similarly, if an Intermediary
receives more distribution assistance for one share class versus another, that Intermediary may have an incentive to recommend that share class. Because Intermediaries may be paid varying amounts per class for sub-transfer agency and related
recordkeeping services, the service requirements of which also may vary by class, this may create an additional incentive for financial firms and their financial advisors to favor one fund complex over another, or one fund class over another. You
should consider whether such incentives exist when evaluating any recommendations from an Intermediary to purchase or sell Shares of the Fund and when considering which share class is most appropriate for you.
For the year ended December 31, 2013, the Investment Adviser, Distributor and their affiliates made Additional Payments out of their own
assets to approximately 171 Intermediaries, totaling approximately $119.2 million (excluding payments made through sub-transfer agency and networking agreements and certain other types of payments described below), with respect to the Fund, Goldman
Sachs Trust, all of the funds in an affiliated investment company, Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust, and Goldman Sachs Credit Strategies Fund, an affiliated closed-end investment company. During the year ended December 31, 2013, the Investment
Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates had contractual arrangements to make Additional Payments to the Intermediaries listed below (or their affiliates or successors), among others. This list will change over time, and any additions,
modifications or deletions thereto that have occurred since December 31, 2013 are not reflected. Additional Intermediaries may receive payments in 2014 and in future years. Certain arrangements are still being negotiated, and there is a possibility
that payments will be made retroactively to Intermediaries not listed below.
B-51
ADP Broker-Dealer, Inc.
ADP, Inc.
Allstate Life Insurance Company
Allstate Life Insurance Company of New York
Amalga Trust Company
Amalgamated Bank of Chicago
American Enterprise Investment
Services Inc. (AEIS); RiverSource Life Insurance Company; RiverSource Life Insurance Co. of New York; RiverSource Distributors, Inc.
American National
Trust and Investment Management Company dba Old National Trust Company (Oltrust & Co.)
American United Life Insurance Company
Ameriprise Financial Services, Inc.
Ascensus, Inc.
Associated Trust Company, N.A.; Associated Investment Services, Inc.
AXA Equitable Life Insurance Company
Banc of America Securities
LLC
Bancorp South
Bank Hapoalim B.M.
Bank of New York
Bankers Trust
Barclays Capital, Inc.
BB&T Capital Markets
BMO Harris Bank N.A.
BMO Nesbitt Burns
BOSC, Inc.
Branch Banking & Trust Company
Brown Brothers Harriman & Co.
C.M. Life Insurance
Company
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
Chicago
Mercantile Exchange, Inc.; CME Shareholder Servicing LLC
CIGNA Financial Services, Inc.
Citibank N.A.
Citibank N.A.Agency and Trust Department
Citigroup Private Bank at Citibank N.A.
Citizens Bank
Wealth Management, N.A.
Comerica Bank
Comerica Securities,
Inc.
Commerce Bank
Commerce Bank, N.A.
Commerce Trust Co.
Commonwealth Annuity and Life Insurance
Company
Companion Life Insurance Company
B-52
Compass Bank
Computershare Trust Company, N.A.
Connecticut General Life
Insurance Company
Daily Access Corporation
Dain Rauscher
Inc.
Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas
Diversified
Investment Advisors
Dubuque Bank & Trust
E*Trade
Clearing LLC
Edward D. Jones & Co., L.P.
Farmers
New World Life Insurance Company
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC
Fidelity Investments
Institutional Operations Company, Inc.
Fifth Third Bank
Fifth Third Securities Inc.
Financial Network Investment
Corporation
First National Bank of Omaha
Fulton Bank, N.A.
Cash Sweep Affiliates
Fulton Financial Advisors, National Association
Genworth Financial Securities Corporation
Genworth Financial
Trust Company
Genworth Life and Annuity Insurance Company; Genworth Life Insurance Company of New York; Genworth Life Insurance Company
Great-West Life & Annuity Insurance Company
GW Capital
Management, LLC
GWFS Equities, Inc.
Harris Trust &
Savings Bank
Hartford Life Insurance Company
Hartford
Retirement Services, LLC
Hartford Securities Distribution Company, Inc.
Hewitt Associates LLC
Horace Mann Life Insurance Company
HSBC Bank USA
Hunt, Dupree, & Rhine
ICMA-RC Services, LLC
ING Financial Advisors, LLC
ING Institutional Plan Services, LLC
ING Institutional Plan
Services, LLP
ING Investment Advisors, LLC
ING Life
Insurance and Annuity Company
Institutional Cash Distributors (division of Merriman Curhan Ford & Co.)
Invesmart, Inc.
B-53
J.P. Morgan Clearing Corp.
J.P. Morgan Retirement Plan Services LLC
J.P. Morgan Securities
LLC
Jefferson National Life Insurance Company
Jefferson
Pilot Financial Insurance Company
JPMorgan Chase Bank
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
JPMorgan Securities, Inc. (JPMSI)
Kemper Investors Life Insurance Company
Key Bank Capital Markets
LaSalle Bank, N.A.
Law Debenture Trust Company of New York
Lincoln Benefit Life Company
Lincoln Retirement Services
Company, LLC
LPL Financial Corporation
LPL Financial LLC
M&T Bank
M&T Securities, Inc.
Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company
McCready and Keene,
Inc.
Mellon Bank, N.A. ( Directed Account Plan Board of Directors)
Mercer HR Services, LLC
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner &
Smith Incorporated
Midland National Life Insurance Company
Minnesota Life Insurance Company
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC
MSCS Financial Services Division of Broadridge Business Process Outsourcing, LLC
Multi Financial Securities Corporation
MY TREASURY LIMITED
National Financial Services LLC
National Security Life and
Annuity Company
Nationwide Financial Services, Inc.
Nationwide Investment Services Corporation
Newport Retirement
Services, Inc.
NYLife Distribitors Inc.
Oppenheimer & Co. Inc.
Pershing LLC
PNC Bank, N.A.
PNC Bank, National Organization
PNC Capital Markets LLC
PrimeVest Financial Services
Principal Life Insurance Company
Protective Life Insurance
Company
B-54
PruCo Life Insurance Company; PruCo Life Insurance Company of New Jersey
The Prudential life Insurance Company of America
Raymond
James & Associates, Inc.; Raymond James Financial Services
Regions Bank
Reliance Trust Company
Robert W. Baird & Co.
Incorporated
Scott & Stringfellow
Security Benefit
Life Insurance Company
Security Distributors, Inc.
Signature Bank
Silicon Valley Bank
State Street Global Markets, LLC; State Street Bank and Trust Company
Sun Life Assurance Company of Canada (U.S.); Sun Life Insurance and Annuity Company of New York
SunGard Institutional Brokerage, Inc.
SunTrust Bank
SunTrust Robinson Humphrey, Inc.
SVB Securities
Synovus Securities
T. Rowe Price Retirement Plan Services, Inc.
TD Ameritrade Clearing, Inc.
Teachers Insurance and Annuity
Association of America
The Guardian Insurance & Annuity Company, Inc.
The Lincoln National Life Insurance Company; Lincoln Life & Annuity Company of New York
The Ohio National Life Insurance Company
The Prudential
Insurance Company of America
The Travelers Insurance Company; The Travelers Life and Annuity Company
The Vanguard Group, Inc
Transamerica Life Insurance Company;
Transamerica Financial Life Insurance Company
Treasury Curve, LLC
Trustmark National Bank
U.S. Bank National Association
U.S. Fiduciary Services, Inc.
UBS Financial Services Inc.
Union Bank, N.A.
United of Omaha Life Insurance Company
VALIC Retirement Services Company
Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC
Wells Fargo Advisors, LLC
Wells Fargo Advisors, LLC; Wells
Fargo Investment, LLC
Wells Fargo Bank , N.A
Wells Fargo
Bank, National Association
Wells Fargo Corporate Trust Services, a division of Wells Fargo Bank N.A.
B-55
Wilmington Trust Company
Wilmington Trust Retirement and Institutional Services Company
Xerox HR Solutions, LLC
Zions First National Bank
Your Authorized Dealer or other Intermediary may charge you additional fees or commissions other than those disclosed in the Prospectus.
Shareholders should contact their Authorized Dealer or other Intermediary for more information about the Additional Payments or Additional Services they receive and any potential conflicts of interest, as well as for information regarding any fees
and/or commissions it charges. For additional questions, please contact Goldman Sachs Funds at 1-800-621-2550.
Not included on the
list above are other subsidiaries of Goldman Sachs who may receive revenue from the Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates through intra-company compensation arrangements and for financial, distribution, administrative and
operational services.
Furthermore, the Investment Adviser, Distributor and/or their affiliates may, to the extent permitted by applicable
regulations, contribute to various non-cash and cash incentive arrangements to promote the sale of Fund shares, as well as sponsor various educational programs, sales contests and/or promotions. The Investment Adviser, Distributor and their
affiliates may also pay for the travel expenses, meals, lodging and entertainment of Intermediaries and their salespersons and guests in connection with educational, sales and promotional programs subject to applicable FINRA regulations. Other
compensation may also be offered from time to time to the extent not prohibited by applicable federal or state laws or FINRA regulations. This compensation is not included in, and is made in addition to, the Additional Payments described above.
OTHER INFORMATION
Selective Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings
The Board of Trustees of the Trust and the Investment Adviser have adopted a policy on selective disclosure of portfolio holdings in accordance
with regulations that seek to ensure that disclosure of information about portfolio securities is in the best interest of Fund shareholders and to address the conflicts between the interests of shareholders and its service providers. The policy
provides that neither the Fund nor its Investment Adviser, Distributor or any agent, or any employee thereof (Fund Representative) will disclose the Funds portfolio holdings information to any person other than in accordance with
the policy. For purposes of the policy, portfolio holdings information means the Funds actual portfolio holdings, as well as nonpublic information about its trading strategies or pending transactions. Under the policy, neither the
Fund nor any Fund Representative may solicit or accept any compensation or other consideration in connection with the disclosure of portfolio holdings information. A Fund Representative may provide portfolio holdings information to third parties if
such information has been included in the Funds public filings with the SEC or is disclosed on the Funds publicly accessible website. Information posted on the Funds website may be separately provided to any person commencing the
day after it is first published on the Funds website.
Portfolio holdings information that is not filed with the SEC or posted
on the publicly available website may be provided to third parties only if the third party recipients are required to keep all portfolio holdings information confidential and are prohibited from trading on the information they receive. Disclosure to
such third parties must be approved in advance by the Investment Advisers legal or compliance department. Disclosure to providers of auditing, custody, proxy voting and other similar services for the Fund, as well as rating and ranking
organizations, will generally be permitted; however, information may be disclosed to other third parties (including, without limitation, individuals, institutional investors, and intermediaries that sell shares of the Fund,) only upon approval by
the Funds Chief Compliance Officer, who must first determine that the Fund has a legitimate business purpose for doing so. In general, each recipient of non-public portfolio holdings information must sign a confidentiality and non-trading
agreement, although this requirement will not apply when the recipient is otherwise subject to a duty of confidentiality. In accordance with the policy, the identity of those recipients who receive non-public portfolio holdings information on an
ongoing basis is as follows: the Investment Adviser and its affiliates, the Funds independent registered public accounting firm, the Funds custodian, the Funds legal counselDechert LLP, the Funds financial
printerRR Donnelley, and the Funds proxy voting serviceISS. In addition, the Fund may provide non-public portfolio holdings information to Fitch, Inc. / Fitch Ratings Ltd. (Fitch) to allow the Fund to be rated by it.
These entities are obligated to keep such information confidential. Third party providers of custodial or accounting services to the Fund may release non-public portfolio holdings information of the Fund only with the permission of Fund
Representatives. From time to time portfolio holdings information may be provided to broker-dealers solely in connection with the Fund seeking portfolio securities trading suggestions.
B-56
The Fund currently intends to publish complete portfolio holdings on its website
(http://www.gsamfunds.com) as of the end of each fiscal quarter, subject to a thirty calendar day lag. The Fund may publish on the website complete portfolio holdings information more frequently if it has a legitimate business purpose for doing so.
Under the policy, Fund Representatives will initially supply the Board of the Trustees with a list of third parties who receive portfolio
holdings information pursuant to any ongoing arrangement. In addition, the Board is to receive information, on a quarterly basis, regarding any other disclosures of non-public portfolio holdings information that were permitted during the preceding
quarter. In addition, the Board of Trustees is to approve at its meetings a list of Fund Representatives who are authorized to disclose portfolio holdings information under the policy. As of February 28, 2014, only certain officers of the Trust as
well as certain senior members of the compliance and legal groups of the Investment Adviser have been approved by the Board of Trustees to authorize disclosure of portfolio holdings information.
Disclosure of Current NAV Per Share
The Funds current NAV per share will be available through the Funds website at www.gsamfunds.com or by contacting the Fund at
1-800-292-4726.
Miscellaneous
The Fund will redeem shares solely in cash up to the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the net asset value of the Fund during any 90-day period for
any one shareholder. The Fund, however, reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to pay redemptions by a distribution in kind of securities (instead of cash) if (i) the redemption exceeds the lesser of $250,000 or 1% of the net asset value
of the Fund at the time of redemption; or (ii) with respect to lesser redemption amounts, the redeeming shareholder requests in writing a distribution in kind of securities instead of cash. The securities distributed in kind would be readily
marketable and would be valued for this purpose using the same method employed in calculating each Funds net asset value per share. See NET ASSET VALUE. If a shareholder receives redemption proceeds in kind, the shareholder should
expect to incur transaction costs upon the disposition of the securities received in the redemption.
The right of a shareholder to redeem
shares and the date of payment by the Fund may be suspended for more than seven days for any period during which the New York Stock Exchange is closed, other than the customary weekends or holidays, or when trading on such Exchange is restricted as
determined by the SEC; or during any emergency, as determined by the SEC, as a result of which it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund to dispose of securities owned by it or fairly to determine the value of its net assets; or for such other
period as the SEC may by order permit for the protection of shareholders of the Fund. (The Trust may also suspend or postpone the recordation of the transfer of shares upon the occurrence of any of the foregoing conditions.)
As stated in the Prospectus, the Trust may authorize Authorized Institutions and other institutions that provide recordkeeping, reporting and
processing services to their customers to accept on the Trusts behalf purchase, redemption and exchange orders placed by or on behalf of their customers and, if approved by the Trust, to designate other intermediaries to accept such orders.
These institutions may receive payments from the Trust or Goldman Sachs for their services. Certain Authorized Institutions or other institutions may enter into sub-transfer agency agreements with the Trust or Goldman Sachs with respect to their
services.
In the interest of economy and convenience, the Trust does not issue certificates representing the Funds shares. Instead,
the Transfer Agent maintains a record of each shareholders ownership. Each shareholder receives confirmation of purchase and redemption orders from the Transfer Agent. Fund shares and any dividends and distributions paid by the Fund are
reflected in account statements from the Transfer Agent.
The Prospectus and this SAI do not contain all the information included in the
Registration Statement filed with the SEC under the 1933 Act with respect to the securities offered by the Prospectus. Certain portions of the Registration Statement have been omitted from the Prospectus and this SAI pursuant to the rules and
regulations of the SEC. The Registration Statement including the exhibits filed therewith may be examined at the office of the SEC in Washington, D.C.
Statements contained in the Prospectus or in this SAI as to the contents of any contract or other document referred to are not necessarily
complete, and, in each instance, reference is made to the copy of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement of which the Prospectus and this SAI form a part, each such statement being qualified in all respects
by such reference.
B-57
Large Trade Notifications
The Transfer Agent may from time to time receive notice that an Authorized Institution or other financial intermediary has received an order
for a large trade in the Funds shares. The Fund may determine to enter into portfolio transactions in anticipation of that order, even though the order will not be processed until the following business day. This practice provides for a closer
correlation between the time shareholders place trade orders and the time the Fund enters into portfolio transactions based on those orders, and permits the Fund to be more fully invested in investment securities, in the case of purchase orders, and
to more orderly liquidate their investment positions, in the case of redemption orders. On the other hand, the Authorized Institution or other financial intermediary may not ultimately process the order. In this case, the Fund may be required to
borrow assets to settle the portfolio transactions entered into in anticipation of that order, and would therefore incur borrowing costs. The Fund may also suffer investment losses on those portfolio transactions. Conversely, the Fund would benefit
from any earnings and investment gains resulting from such portfolio transactions.
Line of Credit
The Fund intends to participate in a $780,000,000 committed, unsecured revolving line of credit facility together with other funds of the Trust
and registered investment companies having management or investment advisory agreements with GSAM or its affiliates. Pursuant to the terms of this facility, the Fund and other borrowers may increase the credit amount by an additional $220,000,000,
for a total of up to $1,000,000,000. This facility is to be used for temporary emergency purposes or to allow for an orderly liquidation of securities to meet redemption requests. The interest rate on borrowings is based on the federal funds rate.
The facility also requires a fee to be paid by the Fund based on the amount of the commitment that has not been utilized.
Corporate Actions
From time to time, the issuer of a security held in the Funds portfolio may initiate a corporate action relating to that
security. Corporate actions relating to equity securities may include, among others, an offer to purchase new shares, or to tender existing shares, of that security at a certain price. Corporate actions relating to debt securities may include, among
others, an offer for early redemption of the debt security, or an offer to convert the debt security into stock. Certain corporate actions are voluntary, meaning that a Fund may only participate in the corporate action if it elects to do so in a
timely fashion. Participation in certain corporate actions may enhance the value of a Funds investment portfolio.
In cases where
the Fund or its Investment Adviser receives sufficient advance notice of a voluntary corporate action, the Investment Adviser will exercise its discretion, in good faith, to determine whether the Fund will participate in that corporate action. If
the Fund or its Investment Adviser does not receive sufficient advance notice of a voluntary corporate action, the Fund may not be able to timely elect to participate in that corporate action. Participation or lack of participation in a voluntary
corporate action may result in a negative impact on the value of the Funds investment portfolio.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
A copy of the Funds Annual Report (when available) may be obtained upon request and without charge by writing Goldman, Sachs &
Co., P.O. Box 06050, Chicago, Illinois 60606 or by calling Goldman, Sachs & Co., at the telephone number on the back cover of the Funds Prospectus.
B-58
ADMINISTRATION PLAN
(Administration Shares Only)
The Fund has adopted an administration plan (the Plan) with respect to its Administration Shares which authorizes it to compensate
Authorized Institutions for providing certain account administration services to their customers who are beneficial owners of such Shares. Pursuant to the Plan, the Fund enters into agreements with Authorized Institutions which purchase
Administration Shares on behalf of their customers (Service Agreements). Under such Service Agreements the Authorized Institutions may agree to perform some or all of the following services: (a) act, directly or through an agent, as
the shareholder of record and nominee for customers; (b) maintain account records for customers who beneficially own Administration Shares of the Fund; (c) receive and transmit, or assist in receiving and transmitting, funds for purchases
and redemptions; (d) provide facilities to answer questions and handle correspondence from customers regarding their accounts; and (e) issue, or assist in issuing, confirmations for transactions in shares by customers. As compensation for
such services, the Fund will pay each Authorized Institution an account administration fee in an amount up to 0.25% (on an annualized basis) of the average daily net assets of the Administration Shares of the Fund attributable to or held in the name
of such Authorized Institution.
Conflict of interest restrictions (including the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as
amended) may apply to an Authorized Institutions receipt of compensation paid by a Fund in connection with the investment of fiduciary assets in Administration Shares of the Fund. Authorized Institutions, including banks regulated by the
Comptroller of the Currency, the Federal Reserve Board or the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and investment advisers and other money managers subject to the jurisdiction of the SEC, the Department of Labor or state securities commissions,
are urged to consult their legal advisers before investing fiduciary assets in Administration Shares of the Fund. In addition, under some state securities laws, banks and other financial institutions purchasing Administration Shares on behalf of
their customers may be required to register as dealers.
The Board of Trustees, including a majority of the Trustees who are not
interested persons of the Trust and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or the related Service Agreements, voted to approve the Plan and Service Agreements with respect to the Fund at a meeting called for
the purpose of voting on such Plan and Service Agreements on December 19, 2013. The Plan and Service Agreements will remain in effect until June 30, 2014 and will continue in effect thereafter only if such continuance is specifically approved
annually by a vote of the Board of Trustees in the manner described above.
Unless approved by the Board of Trustees in the manner
described above, the Plan may not be amended to increase materially the amount to be spent for the services described therein and other material amendments of the Plan may not be made. The Plan may be terminated at any time by a majority of the
Trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust and who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or the related Service Agreements or by vote of a majority of the Funds outstanding Administration Shares.
The Service Agreements may be terminated at any time, without payment of any penalty, by a vote of a majority of such Trustees or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding Administration Shares of the Fund on not more than 60 days written
notice to any other party to the Service Agreements. The Service Agreements will terminate automatically if assigned. So long as the Plan is in effect, the selection and nomination of those Trustees who are not interested persons will be committed
to the discretion of the non-interested Trustees of the Trust. The Board of Trustees has determined that, in its judgment, there is a reasonable likelihood that the Plan will benefit the Fund and the holders of its Administration Shares.
PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
The Fund had not commenced operations as of the date of this SAI. Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation whose principal office is
located at 200 West Street, New York, New York 102822, has provided an initial investment in the Fund. For so long as Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. has a greater than 25% interest in the Fund, Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. may be deemed a control
person of the Fund for purposes of the Act.
B-59
APPENDIX A
DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES RATINGS
Short-Term Credit Ratings
A
Standard & Poors short-term issue credit rating is a current opinion of the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation having an original maturity of no more than 365 days. The following summarizes
the rating categories used by Standard & Poors for short-term issues:
A-1 A short-term obligation rated
A-1 is rated in the highest category by Standard & Poors. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign
(+). This indicates that the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on these obligations is extremely strong.
A-2 A short-term obligation rated A-2 is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in
circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.
A-3 A short-term obligation rated A-3 exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic
conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B A short-term obligation rated B is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. Ratings of
B-1, B-2, and B-3 may be assigned to indicate finer distinctions within the B category. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation; however, it faces
major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B-1 A short-term obligation rated B-1 is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics, but the
obligor has a relatively stronger capacity to meet its financial commitments over the short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors.
B-2 A short-term obligation rated B-2 is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics, and the
obligor has an average speculative-grade capacity to meet its financial commitments over the short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors.
B-3 A short-term obligation rated B-3 is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics, and the
obligor has a relatively weaker capacity to meet its financial commitments over the short-term compared to other speculative-grade obligors.
C A short-term obligation rated C is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable
business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
D A
short-term obligation rated D is in payment default. The D rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard &
Poors believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.
Local Currency and Foreign Currency Risks Country risk considerations are a standard part of Standard & Poors analysis
for credit ratings on any issuer or issue. Currency of repayment is a key factor in this analysis. An obligors capacity to repay foreign currency obligations may be lower than its capacity to repay obligations in its local currency due to the
sovereign governments own relatively lower capacity to repay external versus domestic debt. These sovereign risk considerations are incorporated in the debt ratings assigned to specific issues. Foreign Currency issuer ratings are also
distinguished from local currency issuer ratings to identify those instances where sovereign risks make them different for the same issuer.
Moodys Investors Service (Moodys) short-term ratings are opinions of the ability of issuers to honor short-term
financial obligations. Ratings may be assigned to issuers, short-term programs or to individual short-term debt instruments. Such obligations generally have an original maturity not exceeding thirteen months, unless explicitly noted.
Moodys employs the following designations to indicate the relative repayment ability of rated issuers:
P-1 Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-2 Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-3 Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.
1-A
NP Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any
of the Prime rating categories.
Fitch, Inc. / Fitch Ratings Ltd. (Fitch) short-term ratings scale applies to foreign currency
and local currency ratings. A short-term rating has a time horizon of less than 13 months for most obligations, or up to three years for U.S. public finance, in line with industry standards, to reflect unique risk characteristics of bond, tax, and
revenue anticipation notes that are commonly issued with terms up to three years. Short-term ratings thus place greater emphasis on the liquidity necessary to meet financial commitments in a timely manner. The following summarizes the rating
categories used by Fitch for short-term obligations:
F1 Securities possess the highest credit quality. This designation
indicates the strongest capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added + to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.
F2 Securities possess good credit quality. This designation indicates a satisfactory capacity for timely payment of
financial commitments, but the margin of safety is not as great as in the case of the higher ratings.
F3 Securities
possess fair credit quality. This designation indicates that the capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate; however, near term adverse changes could result in a reduction to non investment grade.
B Securities possess speculative credit quality. This designation indicates minimal capacity for timely payment of
financial commitments, plus vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
C
Securities possess high default risk. Default is a real possibility. This designation indicates a capacity for meeting financial commitments which is solely reliant upon a sustained, favorable business and economic environment.
D Indicates an entity or sovereign that has defaulted on all of its financial obligations.
NR This designation indicates that Fitch does not publicly rate the associated issuer or issue.
WD This designation indicates that the rating has been withdrawn and is no longer maintained by Fitch.
The following summarizes the ratings used by Dominion Bond Rating Service Limited (DBRS) for commercial paper and short-term debt:
R-1 (high) Short-term debt rated R-1 (high) is of the highest credit quality, and indicates an entity
possessing unquestioned ability to repay current liabilities as they fall due. Entities rated in this category normally maintain strong liquidity positions, conservative debt levels, and profitability that is both stable and above average. Companies
achieving an R-1 (high) rating are normally leaders in structurally sound industry segments with proven track records, sustainable positive future results, and no substantial qualifying negative factors. Given the extremely tough
definition DBRS has established for an R-1 (high), few entities are strong enough to achieve this rating.
R-1
(middle) Short-term debt rated R-1 (middle) is of superior credit quality and, in most cases, ratings in this category differ from R-1 (high) credits by only a small degree. Given the extremely tough definition
DBRS has established for the R-1 (high) category, entities rated R-1 (middle) are also considered strong credits, and typically exemplify above average strength in key areas of consideration for the timely repayment of
short-term liabilities.
R-1 (low) Short-term debt rated R-1 (low) is of satisfactory credit quality. The
overall strength and outlook for key liquidity, debt and profitability ratios are not normally as favorable as with higher rating categories, but these considerations are still respectable. Any qualifying negative factors that exist are considered
manageable, and the entity is normally of sufficient size to have some influence in its industry.
R-2 (high)
Short-term debt rated R-2 (high) is considered to be at the upper end of adequate credit quality. The ability to repay obligations as they mature remains acceptable, although the overall strength and outlook for key liquidity, debt, and
profitability ratios is not as strong as credits rated in the R-1 (low) category. Relative to the latter category, other shortcomings often include areas such as stability, financial flexibility, and the relative size and market position
of the entity within its industry.
R-2 (middle) Short-term debt rated R-2 (middle) is considered to be of
adequate credit quality. Relative to the R-2 (high) category, entities rated R-2 (middle) typically have some combination of higher volatility, weaker debt or liquidity positions, lower future cash flow capabilities, or are
negatively impacted by a weaker industry. Ratings in this category would be more vulnerable to adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
R-2 (low) Short-term debt rated R-2 (low) is considered to be at the lower end of adequate credit quality,
typically having some combination of challenges that are not acceptable for an R-2 (middle) credit. However, R-2 (low) ratings still display a level of credit strength that allows for a higher rating than the R-3
category, with this distinction often reflecting the issuers liquidity profile.
2-A
R-3 Short-term debt rated R-3 is considered to be at the lowest
end of adequate credit quality, one step up from being speculative. While not yet defined as speculative, the R-3 category signifies that although repayment is still expected, the certainty of repayment could be impacted by a variety of
possible adverse developments, many of which would be outside the issuers control. Entities in this area often have limited access to capital markets and may also have limitations in securing alternative sources of liquidity, particularly
during periods of weak economic conditions.
R-4 Short-term debt rated R-4 is speculative. R-4
credits tend to have weak liquidity and debt ratios, and the future trend of these ratios is also unclear. Due to its speculative nature, companies with R-4 ratings would normally have very limited access to alternative sources of
liquidity. Earnings and cash flow would typically be very unstable, and the level of overall profitability of the entity is also likely to be low. The industry environment may be weak, and strong negative qualifying factors are also likely to be
present.
R-5 Short-term debt rated R-5 is highly speculative. There is a reasonably high level of
uncertainty as to the ability of the entity to repay the obligations on a continuing basis in the future, especially in periods of economic recession or industry adversity. In some cases, short term debt rated R-5 may have challenges
that if not corrected, could lead to default.
D A security rated D implies the issuer has either not met a
scheduled payment or the issuer has made it clear that it will be missing such a payment in the near future. In some cases, DBRS may not assign a D rating under a bankruptcy announcement scenario, as allowances for grace periods may
exist in the underlying legal documentation. Once assigned, the D rating will continue as long as the missed payment continues to be in arrears, and until such time as the rating is discontinued or reinstated by DBRS.
Long-Term Credit Ratings
The following
summarizes the ratings used by Standard & Poors for long-term issues:
AAA An obligation rated
AAA has the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poors. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.
AA An obligation rated AA differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligors
capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong.
A An obligation rated A is
somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still
strong.
BBB An obligation rated BBB exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic
conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
Obligations rated BB, B, CCC, CC and C are regarded as having significant
speculative characteristics. BB indicates the least degree of speculation and C the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties
or major exposures to adverse conditions.
BB An obligation rated BB is less vulnerable to nonpayment than
other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B An obligation rated B is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated BB, but the
obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligors capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the
obligation.
CCC An obligation rated CCC is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon
favorable business, financial and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its
financial commitment on the obligation.
CC An obligation rated CC is currently highly vulnerable to
nonpayment.
C A C rating is assigned to obligations that are currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment,
obligations that have payment arrearages allowed by the terms of the documents, or obligations of an issuer that is the subject of a bankruptcy petition or similar action which have not experienced a payment default. Among others, the C
rating may be assigned to subordinated debt, preferred stock or other obligations on which cash payments have been suspended in accordance with the instruments terms.
3-A
D An obligation rated D is in payment default. The D
rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poors believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The
D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.
Plus (+) or minus (-) The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or
minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
NR This indicates that no rating has been
requested, that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that Standard & Poors does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy.
Local Currency and Foreign Currency Risks Country risk considerations are a standard part of Standard & Poors analysis
for credit ratings on any issuer or issue. Currency of repayment is a key factor in this analysis. An obligors capacity to repay foreign currency obligations may be lower than its capacity to repay obligations in its local currency due to the
sovereign governments own relatively lower capacity to repay external versus domestic debt. These sovereign risk considerations are incorporated in the debt ratings assigned to specific issues. Foreign currency issuer ratings are also
distinguished from local currency issuer ratings to identify those instances where sovereign risks make them different for the same issuer.
The following summarizes the ratings used by Moodys for long-term debt:
Aaa Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, with minimal credit risk.
Aa Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.
A Obligations rated A are considered upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.
Baa Obligations rated Baa are subject to moderate credit risk. They are considered medium-grade and as such may
possess certain speculative characteristics.
Ba Obligations rated Ba are judged to have speculative
elements and are subject to substantial credit risk.
B Obligations rated B are considered speculative and
are subject to high credit risk.
Caa Obligations rated Caa are judged to be of poor standing and are
subject to very high credit risk.
Ca Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or
very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.
C Obligations rated C are
the lowest rated class of bonds and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.
Note:
Moodys appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier
2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.
The following
summarizes long-term ratings used by Fitch:
AAA Securities considered to be of the highest credit quality.
AAA ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned only in case of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable
events.
AA Securities considered to be of very high credit quality. AA ratings denote expectations of very
low credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.
A Securities considered to be of high credit quality. A ratings denote expectations of low credit risk. The
capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to changes in circumstances or in economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.
BBB Securities considered to be of good credit quality. BBB ratings indicate that there is currently
expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse changes in circumstances and economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity. This is the lowest investment grade
category.
4-A
BB Securities considered to be speculative. BB ratings indicate
that there is a possibility of credit risk developing, particularly as the result of adverse economic change over time; however, business or financial alternatives may be available to allow financial commitments to be met. Securities rated in this
category are not investment grade.
B Securities considered to be highly speculative. For issuers and performing
obligations, B ratings indicate that significant credit risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is contingent upon a sustained,
favorable business and economic environment. For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with potential for extremely high recoveries. Such obligations would possess a Recovery Rating of RR1
(outstanding).
CCC For issuers and performing obligations, default is a real possibility. Capacity for meeting
financial commitments is solely reliant upon sustained, favorable business or economic conditions. For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with potential for average to superior levels of recovery. Differences in
credit quality may be denoted by plus/minus distinctions. Such obligations typically would possess a Recovery Rating of RR2 (superior), or RR3 (good) or RR4 (average).
CC For issuers and performing obligations, default of some kind appears probable. For individual obligations, may indicate
distressed or defaulted obligations with a Recovery Rating of RR4 (average) or RR5 (below average).
C
For issuers and performing obligations, default is imminent. For individual obligations, may indicate distressed or defaulted obligations with potential for below-average to poor recoveries. Such obligations would possess a Recovery Rating of
RR6 (poor).
RD Indicates an entity that has failed to make due payments (within the applicable grace
period) on some but not all material financial obligations, but continues to honor other classes of obligations.
D
Indicates an entity or sovereign that has defaulted on all of its financial obligations.
Plus (+) or minus (-) may be appended to a
rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the AAA category or to categories below CCC.
NR Denotes that Fitch does not publicly rate the associated issue or issuer.
WD Indicates that the rating has been withdrawn and is no longer maintained by Fitch.
The following summarizes the ratings used by DBRS for long-term debt:
AAA Long-term debt rated AAA is of the highest credit quality, with exceptionally strong protection for the
timely repayment of principal and interest. Earnings are considered stable, the structure of the industry in which the entity operates is strong, and the outlook for future profitability is favorable. There are few qualifying factors present that
would detract from the performance of the entity. The strength of liquidity and coverage ratios is unquestioned and the entity has established a credible track record of superior performance. Given the extremely high standard that DBRS has set for
this category, few entities are able to achieve a AAA rating.
AA Long-term debt rated AA is of
superior credit quality, and protection of interest and principal is considered high. In many cases they differ from long-term debt rated AAA only to a small degree. Given the extremely restrictive definition DBRS has for the
AAA category, entities rated AA are also considered to be strong credits, typically exemplifying above-average strength in key areas of consideration and unlikely to be significantly affected by reasonably foreseeable events.
A Long-term debt rated A is of satisfactory credit quality. Protection of interest and principal is still
substantial, but the degree of strength is less than that of AA rated entities. While A is a respectable rating, entities in this category are considered to be more susceptible to adverse economic conditions and have greater
cyclical tendencies than higher-rated securities.
BBB Long-term debt rated BBB is of adequate
credit quality
.
Protection of interest and principal is considered acceptable, but the entity is fairly susceptible to adverse changes in financial and economic conditions, or there may be other adverse conditions present which reduce the
strength of the entity and its rated securities.
BB
Long-term debt rated BB is
defined to be speculative and non-investment grade, where the degree of protection afforded interest and principal is uncertain, particularly during periods of economic recession. Entities in the BB range typically have limited access to
capital markets and additional liquidity support. In many cases, deficiencies in critical mass, diversification, and competitive strength are additional negative considerations.
5-A
B Long-term debt rated B is considered highly speculative and
there is a reasonably high level of uncertainty as to the ability of the entity to pay interest and principal on a continuing basis in the future, especially in periods of economic recession or industry adversity.
CCC, CC and C Long-term debt rated in any of these categories is very highly speculative and is in danger
of default of interest and principal. The degree of adverse elements present is more severe than long-term debt rated B. Long-term debt rated below B often have features which, if not remedied, may lead to default. In
practice, there is little difference between these three categories, with CC and C normally used for lower ranking debt of companies for which the senior debt is rated in the CCC to B range.
D
A security rated D implies the issuer has either not met a scheduled payment of interest
or principal or that the issuer has made it clear that it will miss such a payment in the near future. In some cases, DBRS may not assign a D rating under a bankruptcy announcement scenario, as allowances for grace periods may exist in
the underlying legal documentation. Once assigned, the D rating will continue as long as the missed payment continues to be in arrears, and until such time as the rating is discontinued or reinstated by DBRS.
(high, low) Each rating category is denoted by the subcategories high and low. The
absence of either a high or low designation indicates the rating is in the middle of the category. The AAA and D categories do not utilize high, middle, and
low as differential grades.
Municipal Note Ratings
A Standard & Poors U.S. municipal note rating reflects the liquidity factors and market access risks unique to notes. Notes due
in three years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes maturing beyond three years will most likely receive a long-term debt rating. The following criteria will be used in making that assessment:
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Amortization schedule-the larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more likely it will be treated as a note; and
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Source of payment-the more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note.
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Note rating symbols are as follows:
SP-1 The issuers of these municipal notes exhibit a strong capacity to pay principal and interest. Those issues determined
to possess a very strong capacity to pay debt service are given a plus (+) designation.
SP-2 The issuers of these
municipal notes exhibit a satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.
SP-3 The issuers of these municipal notes exhibit speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.
Moodys uses three rating categories for short-term municipal obligations that are considered investment grade. These ratings are
designated as Municipal Investment Grade (MIG) and are divided into three levels MIG-1 through MIG-3. In addition, those short-term obligations that are of speculative quality are designated SG,
or speculative grade. MIG ratings expire at the maturity of the obligation. The following summarizes the ratings used by Moodys for these short-term obligations:
MIG-1 This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by established cash flows, highly
reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.
MIG-2 This designation
denotes strong credit quality. Margins of protection are ample, although not as large as in the preceding group.
MIG-3
This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Liquidity and cash-flow protection may be narrow, and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well-established.
SG This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Debt instruments in this category may lack sufficient margins
of protection.
In the case of variable rate demand obligations (VRDOs), a two-component rating is assigned; a long- or
short-term debt rating and a demand obligation rating. The first element represents Moodys evaluation of the degree of risk associated with scheduled principal and interest payments. The second element represents Moodys evaluation of the
degree of risk associated with the ability to receive purchase price upon demand (demand feature), using a variation of the MIG rating scale, the Variable Municipal Investment Grade or VMIG rating.
6-A
When either the long- or short-term aspect of a VRDO is not rated, that piece is designated
NR, e.g., Aaa/NR or NR/VMIG-1.
VMIG rating expirations are a function of each issues specific
structural or credit features.
VMIG-1 This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is
afforded by the superior short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
VMIG-2 This designation denotes strong credit quality. Good protection is afforded by the strong short-term credit strength
of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
VMIG-3 This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Adequate protection is afforded by the satisfactory short-term
credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
SG This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Demand features rated in this category may be supported by a
liquidity provider that does not have an investment grade short-term rating or may lack the structural and/or legal protections necessary to ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
Fitch uses the same ratings for municipal securities as described above for other short-term credit ratings.
About Credit Ratings
A
Standard & Poors issue credit rating is a current opinion of the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation, a specific class of financial obligations, or a specific financial program (including
ratings on medium-term note programs and commercial paper programs). It takes into consideration the creditworthiness of guarantors, insurers, or other forms of credit enhancement on the obligation and takes into account the currency in which the
obligation is denominated. The issue credit rating is not a recommendation to purchase, sell, or hold a financial obligation, inasmuch as it does not comment as to market price or suitability for a particular investor.
Moodys credit ratings must be construed solely as statements of opinion and not as statements of fact or recommendations to purchase,
sell or hold any securities.
Fitchs credit ratings provide an opinion on the relative ability of an entity to meet financial
commitments, such as interest, preferred dividends, repayment of principal, insurance claims or counterparty obligations. Fitch credit ratings are used by investors as indications of the likelihood of receiving their money back in accordance with
the terms on which they invested. Fitchs credit ratings cover the global spectrum of corporate, sovereign (including supranational and sub-national), financial, bank, insurance, municipal and other public finance entities and the securities or
other obligations they issue, as well as structured finance securities backed by receivables or other financial assets.
DBRS credit
ratings are not buy, hold or sell recommendations, but rather the result of qualitative and quantitative analysis focusing solely on the credit quality of the issuer and its underlying obligations.
7-A
GSAM Proxy Voting Guidelines Summary
The following is a summary of the material GSAM Proxy Voting Guidelines (the Guidelines), which form the substantive basis of GSAMs Policy
on Proxy Voting for Client Accounts (Policy). As described in the main body of the Policy, one or more GSAM portfolio management teams may diverge from the Guidelines and a related Recommendation on any particular proxy vote or in
connection with any individual investment decision in accordance with the Policy.
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A.
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US proxy items:
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1.
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Operational Items
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page 1-B
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2.
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Board of Directors
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page 2-B
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3.
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Executive Compensation
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page 4-B
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4.
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Proxy Contests and Access
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page 6-B
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5.
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Shareholder Rights and Defenses
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page 7-B
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6.
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Mergers and Corporate Restructurings
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page 8-B
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7.
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State of Incorporation
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page 8-B
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8.
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Capital Structure
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page 8-B
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9.
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Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)/Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) Issues
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page 9-B
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B.
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Non-U.S. proxy items:
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1.
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Operational Items
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page 10-B
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2.
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Board of Directors
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page 12-B
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3.
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Compensation
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page 13-B
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4.
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Board Structure
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page 14-B
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5.
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Capital Structure
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page 15-B
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6.
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Mergers and Corporate Restructurings & Other
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page 16-B
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7.
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Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)/Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) Issues
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page 17-B
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U.S. Proxy Items
The following section is a summary of the Guidelines, which form the substantive basis of the Policy with respect to U.S. public equity investments.
1. Operational Items
Auditor Ratification
Vote FOR proposals to ratify auditors, unless any of the following apply within the last year:
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An auditor has a financial interest in or association with the company, and is therefore not independent;
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There is reason to believe that the independent auditor has rendered an opinion which is neither accurate nor indicative of the companys financial position;
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Poor accounting practices are identified that rise to a serious level of concern, such as: fraud; misapplication of GAAP; or material weaknesses identified in Section 404 disclosures; or
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Fees for non-audit services are excessive.
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Non-audit fees are excessive if:
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Non-audit fees exceed audit fees + audit-related fees + tax compliance/preparation fees.
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1-B
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder proposals asking companies to prohibit or limit their auditors from engaging in
non-audit services or asking for audit firm rotation.
2. Board of Directors
The Board of Directors should promote the interests of shareholders by acting in an oversight and/or advisory role; the board should consist of a majority of
independent directors and should be held accountable for actions and results related to their responsibilities. When evaluating board composition, GSAM believes a diversity of ethnicity, gender and experience is an important consideration.
Classification of Directors
Where applicable, the New York
Stock Exchange or NASDAQ Listing Standards definition is to be used to classify directors as insiders or affiliated outsiders. General definitions are as follows:
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Employee of the company or one of its affiliates
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Among the five most highly paid individuals (excluding interim CEO)
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Listed as an officer as defined under Section 16 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934
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Beneficial owner of more than 50 percent of the companys voting power (this may be aggregated if voting power is distributed among more than one member of a defined group)
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Affiliated Outside Director
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Board attestation that an outside director is not independent
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Former CEO or other executive of the company within the last 3 years
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Former CEO or other executive of an acquired company within the past three years
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Independent Outside Director
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No material connection to the company other than a board seat
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Additionally, GSAM will consider compensation
committee interlocking directors to be affiliated (defined as CEOs who sit on each others compensation committees).
Voting on Director Nominees
in Uncontested Elections
Vote on director nominees should be determined on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from individual directors who:
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Attend less than 75 percent of the board and committee meetings without a disclosed valid excuse for each of the last two years;
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Sit on more than six public company boards;
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Are CEOs of public companies who sit on the boards of more than two public companies besides their ownwithhold only at their outside boards.
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Other items considered for an AGAINST vote include specific concerns about the individual or the company, such as criminal wrongdoing or breach of fiduciary
responsibilities, sanctions from government or authority, violations of laws and regulations, or other issues related to improper business practice.
Vote
AGAINST or WITHHOLD from Inside Directors and Affiliated Outside Directors (per the Classification of Directors above) when:
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The inside or affiliated outside director serves on the audit, compensation, or nominating (vote against affiliated directors only for nominating) committees;
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2-B
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The company lacks an audit compensation, or nominating (vote against affiliated directors only for nominating) committee so that the full board functions as that committee and insiders are participating in voting on
matters that independent committees should be voting on;
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The full board is less than majority independent (in this case withhold from affiliated outside directors); at controlled companies, GSAM will vote against the election of affiliated outsiders and nominees affiliated
with the parent and will not vote against the executives of the issuer.
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Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from members of the appropriate committee
for the following reasons (or independent Chairman or lead director in cases of a classified board and members of appropriate committee are not up for reelection). Extreme cases may warrant a vote against the entire board.
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Material failures of governance, stewardship, or fiduciary responsibilities at the company;
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Egregious actions related to the director(s) service on other boards that raise substantial doubt about his or her ability to effectively oversee management and serve the best interests of shareholders at any
company;
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At the previous board election, any director received more than 50 percent withhold/against votes of the shares cast and the company has failed to address the underlying issue(s) that caused the high withhold/against
vote (members of the Nominating or Governance Committees);
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The board failed to act on a shareholder proposal that received approval of the majority of shares cast for the previous two consecutive years (a management proposal with other than a FOR recommendation by management
will not be considered as sufficient action taken); an adopted proposal that is substantially similar to the original shareholder proposal will be deemed sufficient; (vote against members of the committee of the board that is responsible for the
issue under consideration). If GSAM did not support the shareholder proposal in both years, GSAM will still vote against the committee member (s).
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Vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from the members of the Audit Committee if:
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The non-audit fees paid to the auditor are excessive;
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The company receives an adverse opinion on the companys financial statements from its auditor; or
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There is persuasive evidence that the audit committee entered into an inappropriate indemnification agreement with its auditor that limits the ability of the company, or its shareholders, to pursue legitimate legal
recourse against the audit firm.
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Vote CASE-BY-CASE on members of the Audit Committee and/or the full board if poor accounting practices,
which rise to a level of serious concern are identified, such as: fraud; misapplication of GAAP; and material weaknesses identified in Section 404 disclosures.
Examine the severity, breadth, chronological sequence and duration, as well as the companys efforts at remediation or corrective actions in determining
whether negative vote recommendations are warranted against the members of the Audit Committee who are responsible for the poor accounting practices, or the entire board.
See section 3 on executive and director compensation for reasons to withhold from members of the Compensation Committee.
In limited circumstances, GSAM may vote AGAINST or WITHHOLD from all nominees of the board of directors (except from new nominees who should be considered on
a CASE-BY-CASE basis and except as discussed below) if:
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The companys poison pill has a dead-hand or modified dead-hand feature for two or more years. Vote against/withhold every year until this feature is removed; however, vote against the poison pill if there is one
on the ballot with this feature rather than the director;
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The board adopts or renews a poison pill without shareholder approval, does not commit to putting it to shareholder vote within 12 months of adoption (or in the case of an newly public company, does not commit to put
the pill to a shareholder vote within 12 months following the IPO), or reneges on a commitment to put the pill to a vote, and has not yet received a withhold/against recommendation for this issue;
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The board failed to act on takeover offers where the majority of the shareholders tendered their shares;
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If in an extreme situation the board lacks accountability and oversight, coupled with sustained poor performance relative to peers.
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3-B
Shareholder proposal regarding Independent Chair (Separate Chair/CEO)
Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
GSAM will generally recommend a
vote AGAINST shareholder proposals requiring that the chairmans position be filled by an independent director, if the company satisfies 3 of the 4 following criteria:
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Designated lead director, elected by and from the independent board members with clearly delineated and comprehensive duties;
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Two-thirds independent board;
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All independent key committees; or
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Established, disclosed governance guidelines.
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Shareholder proposal regarding board declassification
GSAM will generally vote FOR proposals requesting that the board adopt a declassified structure in the case of operating and holding companies.
Majority Vote Shareholder Proposals
GSAM will vote FOR
proposals requesting that the board adopt majority voting in the election of directors provided it does not conflict with the state law where the company is incorporated.
GSAM also looks for companies to adopt a post-election policy outlining how the company will address the situation of a holdover director.
Cumulative Vote Shareholder Proposals
GSAM will
generally support shareholder proposals to restore or provide cumulative voting unless:
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The company has adopted majority vote standard with a carve-out for plurality voting in situations where there are more nominees than seats, and a director resignation policy to address failed elections.
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3. Executive Compensation
Pay
Practices
Good pay practices should align managements interests with long-term shareholder value creation. Detailed disclosure of compensation
criteria is preferred; proof that companies follow the criteria should be evident and retroactive performance target changes without proper disclosure is not viewed favorably. Compensation practices should allow a company to attract and retain
proven talent. Some examples of poor pay practices include: abnormally large bonus payouts without justifiable performance linkage or proper disclosure, egregious employment contracts, excessive severance and/or change in control provisions,
repricing or replacing of underwater stock options/stock appreciation rights without prior shareholder approval, and excessive perquisites. A company should also have an appropriate balance of short-term vs. long-term metrics and the metrics should
be aligned with business goals and objectives.
If the company maintains problematic or poor pay practices, generally vote first:
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AGAINST Management Say on Pay (MSOP) Proposals or;
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AGAINST an equity-based incentive plan proposal if excessive non-performance-based equity awards are the major contributor to a pay-for-performance misalignment, then;
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If no MSOP or equity-based incentive plan proposal item is on the ballot, AGAINST/WITHHOLD from compensation committee members.
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4-B
Equity Compensation Plans
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on equity-based compensation plans. Reasons to vote AGAINST the equity plan could include the following factors:
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The plan is a vehicle for poor pay practices; or
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The plan permits the repricing of stock options/stock appreciation rights (SARs) without prior shareholder approval; or
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The companys three year burn rate and Shareholder Value Transfer (SVT) calculations both materially exceed industry group metrics.
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Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (Say-on-Pay, MSOP) Management Proposals
Vote FOR annual frequency and AGAINST shareholder or management proposals asking for any frequency less than annual.
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on management proposals for an advisory vote on executive compensation. For U.S. companies, consider the following factors in the context of
each companys specific circumstances and the boards disclosed rationale for its practices. In general more than one factor will need to be present in order to warrant a vote AGAINST.
Pay-for-Performance Disconnect:
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GSAM will consider there to be a disconnect based on a quantitative assessment of the following: CEO pay vs. TSR and peers, CEO pay as a percentage of the median peer group or CEO pay vs. shareholder return over time.
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Additional Factors Considered Include:
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Boards responsiveness if company received 70% or less shareholder support in the previous years MSOP vote;
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Abnormally large bonus payouts without justifiable performance linkage or proper disclosure;
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Egregious employment contracts;
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Excessive perquisites or excessive severance and/or change in control provisions;
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Repricing or replacing of underwater stock options without prior shareholder approval;
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Excessive executive pledging or hedging of stock by executives;
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Egregious pension/SERP (supplemental executive retirement plan) payouts;
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Extraordinary relocation benefits;
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Internal pay disparity;
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Depth of disclosure of compensation philosophy and goals and targets, including details on short-term and long-term performance incentives; and
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Long-term equity based compensation is 100% time-based.
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Other Compensation Proposals and Policies
Employee Stock Purchase Plans Non-Qualified Plans
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on nonqualified employee stock purchase plans taking into account the following factors:
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Broad-based participation;
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Limits on employee contribution;
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Company matching contribution; and
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Presence of a discount on the stock price on the date of purchase.
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Option Exchange Programs/Repricing
Options
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on management proposals seeking approval to exchange/reprice options, taking into consideration:
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Historic trading patternsthe stock price should not be so volatile that the options are likely to be back in-the-money over the near term;
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Rationale for the re-pricing;
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If it is a value-for-value exchange;
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If surrendered stock options are added back to the plan reserve;
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Term of the optionthe term should remain the same as that of the replaced option;
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5-B
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Exercise priceshould be set at fair market or a premium to market;
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Participantsexecutive officers and directors should be excluded.
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Vote FOR shareholder proposals to put
option repricings to a shareholder vote.
Other Shareholder Proposals on Compensation
Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (Frequency on Pay)
Vote FOR annual frequency.
Stock retention holding period
Vote FOR Shareholder proposals asking for a policy requiring that senior executives retain a significant percentage of shares acquired through equity
compensation programs if the policy allows retention for two years or less following the termination of their employment (through retirement or otherwise)
and
a holding threshold percentage of 50% or less.
Also consider:
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Whether the company has any holding period, retention ratio, or officer ownership requirements in place.
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Elimination of accelerated vesting in the event of a change in control
Vote AGAINST shareholder proposals seeking a policy eliminating the accelerated vesting of time-based equity awards in the event of a change in control.
Performance-based equity awards and pay-for-superior-performance proposals
Generally support unless there is sufficient evidence that the current compensation structure is already substantially performance-based. GSAM considers
performance-based awards to include awards that are tied to shareholder return or other metrics that are relevant to the business.
Say on Supplemental
Executive Retirement Plans (SERP)
Generally vote AGAINST proposals asking for shareholder votes on SERP.
4. Proxy Contests and Access
Voting for Director
Nominees in Contested Elections
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on the election of directors in contested elections, considering the following factors:
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Long-term financial performance of the target company relative to its industry;
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Managements track record;
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Background to the proxy contest;
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Qualifications of director nominees (both slates);
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Strategic plan of dissident slate and quality of critique against management;
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Likelihood that the proposed goals and objectives can be achieved (both slates);
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Stock ownership positions.
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6-B
Proxy Access
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on shareholder or management proposals asking for open proxy access.
GSAM may support proxy access as an important right for shareholders and as an alternative to costly proxy contests and as a method for GSAM to vote for
directors on an individual basis, as appropriate, rather than voting on one slate or the other. While this could be an important shareholder right, the following will be taken into account when evaluating the shareholder proposals:
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The ownership thresholds, percentage and duration proposed (GSAM will not support if the ownership threshold is less than 3%);
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The maximum proportion of directors that shareholders may nominate each year (GSAM will not support if the proportion of directors is greater than 25%); and
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The method of determining which nominations should appear on the ballot if multiple shareholders submit nominations.
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Reimbursing Proxy Solicitation Expenses
Vote
CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to reimburse proxy solicitation expenses. When voting in conjunction with support of a dissident slate, vote FOR the reimbursement of all appropriate proxy solicitation expenses associated with the election.
5. Shareholders Rights & Defenses
Shareholder Ability to Act by Written Consent
Generally
vote FOR shareholder proposals that provide shareholders with the ability to act by written consent, unless:
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The company already gives shareholders the right to call special meetings at a threshold of 25% or lower; and
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The company has a history of strong governance practices.
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Shareholder Ability to Call Special Meetings
Generally vote FOR management proposals that provide shareholders with the ability to call special meetings.
Generally vote FOR shareholder proposals that provide shareholders with the ability to call special meetings at a threshold of 25% or lower if the
company currently does not give shareholders the right to call special meetings. However, if a company already gives shareholders the right to call special meetings at a threshold of at least 25%, do not support shareholder proposals to further
reduce the threshold
.
Advance Notice Requirements for Shareholder Proposals/Nominations
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on advance notice proposals, giving support to proposals that allow shareholders to submit proposals/nominations reasonably close to the
meeting date and within the broadest window possible, recognizing the need to allow sufficient notice for company, regulatory and shareholder review.
Poison Pills
Vote FOR shareholder proposals requesting
that the company submit its poison pill to a shareholder vote or redeem it UNLESS the company has: (1) A shareholder-approved poison pill in place; or (2) the company has adopted a policy concerning the adoption of a pill in the future
specifying certain shareholder friendly provisions.
Vote FOR shareholder proposals calling for poison pills to be put to a vote within a time period of
less than one year after adoption.
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on management proposals on poison pill ratification, focusing on the features of the shareholder
rights plan.
In addition, the rationale for adopting the pill should be thoroughly explained by the company. In examining the request for the pill, take
into consideration the companys existing governance structure, including: board independence, existing takeover defenses, and any problematic governance concerns.
7-B
6. Mergers and Corporate Restructurings
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on mergers and acquisitions taking into account the following based on publicly available information:
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Managements track record of successful integration of historical acquisitions;
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Presence of conflicts of interest; and
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Governance profile of the combined company.
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7. State of Incorporation
Reincorporation Proposals
GSAM may support management
proposals to reincorporate as long as the reincorporation would not substantially diminish shareholder rights. GSAM may not support shareholder proposals for reincorporation unless the current state of incorporation is substantially less shareholder
friendly than the proposed reincorporation, there is a strong economic case to reincorporate or the company has a history of making decisions that are not shareholder friendly.
Exclusive venue for shareholder lawsuits
Generally vote
FOR on exclusive venue proposals, taking into account:
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Whether the company has been materially harmed by shareholder litigation outside its jurisdiction of incorporation, based on disclosure in the companys proxy statement;
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Whether the company has the following good governance features:
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An annually elected board;
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A majority vote standard in uncontested director elections; and
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The absence of a poison pill, unless the pill was approved by shareholders.
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8. Capital Structure
Common Stock Authorization
Votes on proposals to increase
the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance are determined on a CASE-BY-CASE basis. We consider company-specific factors that include, at a minimum, the following:
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Past Board performance;
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The companys use of authorized shares during the last three years;
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One- and three-year total shareholder return;
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The boards governance structure and practices;
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Disclosure in the proxy statement of specific reasons for the proposed increase;
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The dilutive impact of the request as determined through an allowable increase, which examines the companys need for shares and total shareholder returns; and
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Risks to shareholders of not approving the request.
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8-B
9. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)/Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) Issues
Overall Approach
GSAM recognizes that Environmental,
Social and Governance (ESG) factors can affect investment performance, expose potential investment risks and provide an indication of management excellence and leadership. When evaluating ESG proxy issues GSAM balances the purpose of a proposal with
the overall benefit to shareholders.
Shareholder proposals considered under this category could include: Reports asking for details on 1) labor and
safety policies, 2) impact on the environment of the companys oil sands or fracturing operations or 3) water-related risks
When evaluating social
and environmental shareholder proposals the following factors should be considered:
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Whether adoption of the proposal is likely to enhance or protect shareholder value;
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Whether the information requested concerns business issues that relate to a meaningful percentage of the companys business;
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The degree to which the companys stated position on the issues raised in the proposal could affect its reputation or sales, or leave it vulnerable to a boycott or selective purchasing;
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Whether the company has already responded in some appropriate manner to the request embodied in the proposal;
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What other companies have done in response to the issue addressed in the proposal;
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Whether the proposal itself is well framed and the cost of preparing the report is reasonable;
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Whether the subject of the proposal is best left to the discretion of the board;
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Whether the company has material fines or violations in the area and if so, if appropriate actions have already been taken to remedy going forward;
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Whether the requested information is available to shareholders either from the company or from a publicly available source; and
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Whether providing this information would reveal proprietary or confidential information that would place the company at a competitive disadvantage.
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Sustainability, climate change reporting
Generally vote
FOR proposals requesting the company to report on its policies, initiatives, and oversight mechanisms related to social, economic, and environmental sustainability, or how the company may be impacted by climate change. The following factors will be
considered:
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The companys current level of publicly-available disclosure including if the company already discloses similar information through existing reports or policies
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If the company has formally committed to the implementation of a reporting program based on Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) guidelines or a similar standard within a specified time frame;
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If the companys current level of disclosure is comparable to that of its industry peers; and
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If there are significant controversies, fines, penalties, or litigation associated with the companys environmental performance.
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Establishing goals or targets for emissions reduction
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals that call for the adoption of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) reduction goals from products and operations, taking into
account:
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Overly prescriptive requests for the reduction in GHG emissions by specific amounts or within a specific time frame;
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Whether company disclosure lags behind industry peers;
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Whether the company has been the subject of recent, significant violations, fines, litigation, or controversy related to GHG emissions;
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The feasibility of reduction of GHGs given the companys product line and current technology and;
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Whether the company already provides meaningful disclosure on GHG emissions from its products and operations.
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9-B
Political Contributions and Trade Association Spending/Lobbying Expenditures and Initiatives
Generally vote AGAINST proposals asking the company to affirm political nonpartisanship in the workplace so long as:
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There are no recent, significant controversies, fines or litigation regarding the companys political contributions or trade association spending; and
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The company has procedures in place to ensure that employee contributions to company-sponsored political action committees (PACs) are strictly voluntary and prohibits coercion.
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Vote CASE-BY-CASE on proposals to improve the disclosure of a companys political contributions and trade association spending, considering:
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Recent significant controversy or litigation related to the companys political contributions or governmental affairs;
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The public availability of a company policy on political contributions and trade association spending including information on the types of organizations supported, the business rationale for supporting these
organizations, and the oversight and compliance procedures related to such expenditures of corporate assets.
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GSAM will not necessarily vote
for the proposal merely to encourage further disclosure of trade association or lobbying spending.
Vote AGAINST proposals barring the company from making
political contributions. Businesses are affected by legislation at the federal, state, and local level and barring political contributions can put the company at a competitive disadvantage.
Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation
A company should
have a clear, public Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) statement and/or diversity policy. Generally vote FOR proposals seeking to amend a companys EEO statement or diversity policies to additionally prohibit discrimination based on sexual
orientation and/or gender identity.
Labor and Human Rights Standards
Generally vote FOR proposals requesting a report or implementation of a policy on company or company supplier labor and/or human rights standards and policies
unless such information is already publicly disclosed considering:
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The degree to which existing relevant policies and practices are disclosed;
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Whether or not existing relevant policies are consistent with internationally recognized standards;
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Whether company facilities and those of its suppliers are monitored and how;
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Company participation in fair labor organizations or other internationally recognized human rights initiatives;
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Scope and nature of business conducted in markets known to have higher risk of workplace labor/human rights abuse;
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Recent, significant company controversies, fines, or litigation regarding human rights at the company or its suppliers;
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The scope of the request; and
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Deviation from industry sector peer company standards and practices.
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Non-U.S. Proxy
Items
The following section is a broad summary of the Guidelines, which form the basis of the Policy with respect to non-U.S. public equity
investments. Applying these guidelines is subject to certain regional and country-specific exceptions and modifications and is not inclusive of all considerations in each market.
1. Operational Items
Financial Results/Director and
Auditor Reports
Vote FOR approval of financial statements and director and auditor reports, unless:
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There are concerns about the accounts presented or audit procedures used; or
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The company is not responsive to shareholder questions about specific items that should be publicly disclosed.
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10-B
Appointment of Auditors and Auditor Fees
Vote FOR the reelection of auditors and proposals authorizing the board to fix auditor fees, unless:
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There are serious concerns about the accounts presented, audit procedures used or audit opinion rendered;
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There is reason to believe that the auditor has rendered an opinion, which is neither accurate nor indicative of the companys financial position;
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Name of the proposed auditor has not been published;
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The auditors are being changed without explanation; non-audit-related fees are substantial or are in excess of standard annual audit-related fees; or the appointment of external auditors if they have previously served
the company in an executive capacity or can otherwise be considered affiliated with the company.
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Appointment of Statutory Auditors
Vote FOR the appointment or reelection of statutory auditors, unless:
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There are serious concerns about the statutory reports presented or the audit procedures used;
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Questions exist concerning any of the statutory auditors being appointed; or
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The auditors have previously served the company in an executive capacity or can otherwise be considered affiliated with the company.
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Allocation of Income
Vote FOR approval of the allocation
of income, unless:
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The dividend payout ratio has been consistently low without adequate explanation; or
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The payout is excessive given the companys financial position.
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Stock (Scrip) Dividend Alternative
Vote FOR most stock (scrip) dividend proposals.
Vote
AGAINST proposals that do not allow for a cash option unless management demonstrates that the cash option is harmful to shareholder value.
Amendments
to Articles of Association
Vote amendments to the articles of association on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Change in Company Fiscal Term
Vote FOR resolutions to
change a companys fiscal term unless a companys motivation for the change is to postpone its AGM.
Lower Disclosure Threshold for Stock
Ownership
Vote AGAINST resolutions to lower the stock ownership disclosure threshold below 5 percent unless specific reasons exist to implement a
lower threshold.
Amend Quorum Requirements
Vote
proposals to amend quorum requirements for shareholder meetings on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Transact Other Business
Vote AGAINST other business when it appears as a voting item.
11-B
2. Board of Directors
Director Elections
Vote FOR management nominees taking
into consideration the following:
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Adequate disclosure has not been provided in a timely manner; or
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There are clear concerns over questionable finances or restatements; or
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There have been questionable transactions or conflicts of interest; or
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There are any records of abuses against minority shareholder interests; or
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The board fails to meet minimum corporate governance standards. or
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There are reservations about:
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Bundling of proposals to elect directors
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Disclosure of named nominees
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Election of former CEO as Chairman of the Board
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Composition of committees
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Specific concerns about the individual or company, such as criminal wrongdoing or breach of fiduciary responsibilities; or
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Repeated absences at board meetings have not been explained (in countries where this information is disclosed); or
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Unless there are other considerations which may include sanctions from government or authority, violations of laws and regulations, or other issues related to improper business practice, failure to replace management,
or egregious actions related to service on other boards.
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Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis in contested elections of directors, e.g., the
election of shareholder nominees or the dismissal of incumbent directors, determining which directors are best suited to add value for shareholders.
The
analysis will generally be based on, but not limited to, the following major decision factors:
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Company performance relative to its peers;
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Strategy of the incumbents versus the dissidents;
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Independence of board candidates;
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Experience and skills of board candidates;
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Governance profile of the company;
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Evidence of management entrenchment;
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Responsiveness to shareholders;
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Whether a takeover offer has been rebuffed;
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Whether minority or majority representation is being sought.
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Vote FOR employee and/or labor representatives
if they sit on either the audit or compensation committee and are required by law to be on those committees.
Vote AGAINST employee and/or labor
representatives if they sit on either the audit or compensation committee, if they are not required to be on those committees.
Classification of
directors
Executive Director
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Employee or executive of the company;
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Any director who is classified as a non-executive, but receives salary, fees, bonus, and/or other benefits that are in line with the highest-paid executives of the company.
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12-B
Non-Independent Non-Executive Director (NED)
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Any director who is attested by the board to be a non-independent NED;
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Any director specifically designated as a representative of a significant shareholder of the company;
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Any director who is also an employee or executive of a significant shareholder of the company;
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Beneficial owner (direct or indirect) of at least 10% of the companys stock, either in economic terms or in voting rights (this may be aggregated if voting power is distributed among more than one member of a
defined group, e.g., family members who beneficially own less than 10% individually, but collectively own more than 10%), unless market best practice dictates a lower ownership and/or disclosure threshold (and in other special market-specific
circumstances);
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Government representative;
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Currently provides (or a relative provides) professional services to the company, to an affiliate of the company, or to an individual officer of the company or of one of its affiliates in excess of $10,000 per year;
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Represents customer, supplier, creditor, banker, or other entity with which company maintains transactional/commercial relationship (unless company discloses information to apply a materiality test);
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Any director who has conflicting or cross-directorships with executive directors or the chairman of the company;
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Relative of a current employee of the company or its affiliates;
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Relative of a former executive of the company or its affiliates;
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A new appointee elected other than by a formal process through the General Meeting (such as a contractual appointment by a substantial shareholder);
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Founder/co-founder/member of founding family but not currently an employee;
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Former executive (5 year cooling off period);
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Years of service is generally not a determining factor unless it is recommended best practice in a market and/or in extreme circumstances, in which case it may be considered; and
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Any additional relationship or principle considered to compromise independence under local corporate governance best practice guidance.
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Independent NED
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No material connection, either directly or indirectly, to the company other than a board seat.
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Employee
Representative
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Represents employees or employee shareholders of the company (classified as employee representative but considered a non-independent NED).
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Discharge of Directors
Generally vote FOR the discharge
of directors, including members of the management board and/or supervisory board, unless there is reliable information about significant and compelling controversies that the board is not fulfilling its fiduciary duties warranted by:
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A lack of oversight or actions by board members which invoke shareholder distrust related to malfeasance or poor supervision, such as operating in private or company interest rather than in shareholder interest; or
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Any legal issues (e.g., civil/criminal) aiming to hold the board responsible for breach of trust in the past or related to currently alleged actions yet to be confirmed (and not only the fiscal year in question), such
as price fixing, insider trading, bribery, fraud, and other illegal actions; or
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Other egregious governance issues where shareholders may bring legal action against the company or its directors; or
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Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis where a vote against other agenda items are deemed inappropriate.
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3.
Compensation
Good pay practices should align managements interests with long-term shareholder value creation. Detailed disclosure of
compensation criteria is preferred; proof that companies follow the criteria should be evident and retroactive performance target changes without proper disclosure is not viewed favorably. Compensation practices should allow a company to attract and
retain proven talent. Some examples of poor pay practices include: abnormally large bonus payouts without justifiable performance linkage or proper disclosure, egregious employment contracts, excessive severance and/or change in control provisions,
repricing or replacing of underwater stock options/stock appreciation rights without prior shareholder approval, and excessive perquisites. A company should also have an appropriate balance of short-term vs. long-term metrics and the metrics should
be aligned with business goals and objectives.
13-B
Director Compensation
Vote FOR proposals to award cash fees to non-executive directors unless the amounts are excessive relative to other companies in the country or industry.
Vote non-executive director compensation proposals that include both cash and share-based components on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote proposals that bundle compensation for both non-executive and executive directors into a single resolution on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote AGAINST proposals to introduce retirement benefits for non-executive directors.
Compensation Plans
Vote compensation plans on a
CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Director, Officer, and Auditor Indemnification and Liability Provisions
Vote proposals seeking indemnification and liability protection for directors and officers on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote AGAINST proposals to indemnify auditors.
4. Board
Structure
Vote AGAINST the introduction of classified boards and mandatory retirement ages for directors.
Vote AGAINST proposals to alter board structure or size in the context of a fight for control of the company or the board.
Chairman CEO combined role
(for applicable markets)
GSAM
will generally recommend a vote AGAINST shareholder proposals requiring that the chairmans position be filled by an independent director, if the company satisfies 3 of the 4 following criteria:
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2/3 independent board, or majority in countries where employee representation is common practice;
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A designated, or a rotating, lead director, elected by and from the independent board members with clearly delineated and comprehensive duties;
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Fully independent key committees; and/or
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Established, publicly disclosed, governance guidelines and director biographies/profiles.
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14-B
5. Capital Structure
Share Issuance Requests
General Issuances:
Vote FOR issuance requests with preemptive rights to a maximum of 100 percent over currently issued capital.
Vote FOR issuance requests without preemptive rights to a maximum of 20 percent of currently issued capital.
Specific Issuances:
Vote on a CASE-BY-CASE basis on all
requests, with or without preemptive rights.
Increases in Authorized Capital
Vote FOR non-specific proposals to increase authorized capital up to 100 percent over the current authorization unless the increase would leave the company
with less than 30 percent of its new authorization outstanding.
Vote FOR specific proposals to increase authorized capital to any amount, unless:
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The specific purpose of the increase (such as a share-based acquisition or merger) does not meet guidelines for the purpose being proposed; or
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The increase would leave the company with less than 30 percent of its new authorization outstanding after adjusting for all proposed issuances.
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Vote AGAINST proposals to adopt unlimited capital authorizations.
Reduction of Capital
Vote FOR proposals to reduce
capital for routine accounting purposes unless the terms are unfavorable to shareholders.
Vote proposals to reduce capital in connection with corporate
restructuring on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Capital Structures
Vote FOR resolutions that seek to maintain or convert to a one-share, one-vote capital structure.
Vote AGAINST requests for the creation or continuation of dual-class capital structures or the creation of new or additional super voting shares.
Preferred Stock
Vote FOR the creation of a new class of
preferred stock or for issuances of preferred stock up to 50 percent of issued capital unless the terms of the preferred stock would adversely affect the rights of existing shareholders.
Vote FOR the creation/issuance of convertible preferred stock as long as the maximum number of common shares that could be issued upon conversion meets
guidelines on equity issuance requests.
Vote AGAINST the creation of a new class of preference shares that would carry superior voting rights to the
common shares.
Vote AGAINST the creation of blank check preferred stock unless the board clearly states that the authorization will not be used to thwart
a takeover bid.
Vote proposals to increase blank check preferred authorizations on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
15-B
Debt Issuance Requests
Vote non-convertible debt issuance requests on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, with or without preemptive rights.
Vote FOR the creation/issuance of convertible debt instruments as long as the maximum number of common shares that could be issued upon conversion meets
guidelines on equity issuance requests.
Vote FOR proposals to restructure existing debt arrangements unless the terms of the restructuring would
adversely affect the rights of shareholders.
Increase in Borrowing Powers
Vote proposals to approve increases in a companys borrowing powers on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Share Repurchase Plans
GSAM will generally recommend FOR
share repurchase programs taking into account whether:
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The share repurchase program can be used as a takeover defense;
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There is clear evidence of historical abuse;
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There is no safeguard in the share repurchase program against selective buybacks;
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Pricing provisions and safeguards in the share repurchase program are deemed to be unreasonable in light of market practice.
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Reissuance of Repurchased Shares
Vote FOR requests to
reissue any repurchased shares unless there is clear evidence of abuse of this authority in the past.
Capitalization of Reserves for Bonus
Issues/Increase in Par Value
Vote FOR requests to capitalize reserves for bonus issues of shares or to increase par value.
6. Mergers and Corporate Restructuring & Other
Reorganizations/Restructurings
Vote reorganizations and
restructurings on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Mergers and Acquisitions
Vote CASE-BY-CASE on mergers and acquisitions taking into account the following based on publicly available information:
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Managements track record of successful integration of historical acquisitions;
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Presence of conflicts of interest; and
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Governance profile of the combined company.
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Antitakeover Mechanisms
Generally vote AGAINST all antitakeover proposals, unless they are structured in such a way that they give shareholders the ultimate decision on any proposal
or offer.
16-B
Reincorporation Proposals
Vote reincorporation proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Related-Party Transactions
Vote related-party
transactions on a CASE-BY-CASE basis, considering factors including, but not limited to, the following:
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The parties on either side of the transaction;
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The nature of the asset to be transferred/service to be provided;
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The pricing of the transaction (and any associated professional valuation);
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The views of independent directors (where provided);
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The views of an independent financial adviser (where appointed);
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Whether any entities party to the transaction (including advisers) is conflicted; and
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The stated rationale for the transaction, including discussions of timing.
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Shareholder Proposals
Vote all shareholder proposals on a CASE-BY-CASE basis.
Vote
FOR proposals that would improve the companys corporate governance or business profile at a reasonable cost.
Vote AGAINST proposals that limit the
companys business activities or capabilities or result in significant costs being incurred with little or not benefit.
7. Corporate Social
Responsibility (CSR)/Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) Issues
Please refer to page 9 for our current approach to these important topics.
17-B