WR Westar Energy, Inc. (delisted)

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Introduction

This section provides a discussion and analysis of our philosophy and objectives for compensation of our named executive officers, the process we utilize when annually reviewing executive compensation and the elements of our executive compensation program. This discussion is generally applicable to all of our officers. Compensation data for each of our named executive officers appear in the Summary Compensation Table and the other tables appearing later in this Item 11.

Executive Summary

Philosophy . Our executive compensation philosophy is to provide a total compensation opportunity for our officers, as a group, approximating the market median for officers of peer utilities, to reward company and individual officer performance and to strongly align the interests of our officers with those of our shareholders.

Our executive compensation program consists of the following primary elements:

Though customary in our industry and among our peers, we do not pay our officers annual cash incentives. Rather, our compensation program focuses our officers on long-term performance.

Features . The Compensation Committee (the “Committee”), which administers our executive compensation program, believes the following features of our executive compensation program are especially important in supporting the program’s philosophy and objectives:

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Total Shareholder Return Performance . For compensation purposes, we calculated total shareholder return of approximately 48% for the three-year performance period ended in 2017. On a relative basis, this total shareholder return for the three-year performance period placed us at approximately the 57 ^th percentile of the total shareholder return of our peer group. As a result, performance-based restricted share units with performance tied to relative total shareholder return for this period paid out at 117.85% of the target level, as shown in the table below. Please see “Executive Officer Compensation Program Structure—Long-Term Incentive Compensation” for information on this calculation. A detailed description of our financial results is included in Part II of the Original Filing.

Compensation Actions Taken During 2017 . In 2017, the Committee, as part of its annual executive compensation review processes:

Consideration of Results of the 2017 Shareholder Advisory Vote . In October 2017, we provided our shareholders with an advisory vote on the 2016 named executive officer compensation as disclosed in our 2017 annual meeting proxy statement (a “say-on-pay” vote). Approximately 96% of the votes cast were in favor of the 2016 compensation of our named executive officers. The Committee regarded this result as evidence of strong shareholder support of our executive compensation philosophy and considered the advisory vote as a factor in its decision to continue our current executive compensation program.

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Our shareholders also voted on their preferred frequency of the say-on-pay vote at the October 2017 meeting. Approximately 81% of the votes cast were in favor of an annual advisory vote on say-on-pay. Based on the preference indicated by our shareholders in October 2017, our Board of Directors reaffirmed its policy to hold the “say-on-pay” vote each year at the annual meeting of the shareholders.

Executive Compensation Objectives

In furtherance of our philosophy described above, the principal objectives of our executive compensation program are to:

Overall, our intent is to provide a total compensation opportunity for our officers as a group that approximates the market median compensation opportunity at peer utilities, while also providing the Committee the flexibility to recognize relative individual performance. Because of its emphasis on stock-based compensation and the creation of long-term shareholder value, the Committee believes this compensation program is especially suited to our mission and business as a regulated electric utility where we believe a long-term perspective should guide most of our decisions and plans.

Executive Compensation Process

Compensation Program Review . To ensure that our compensation policies and practices are consistent with our compensation philosophies and objectives, each year the Committee assesses and analyzes our executive compensation program, including each named executive officer’s compensation. As part of this process, the Committee obtains market information about compensation at other utilities and energy companies and obtains independent analysis and recommendations on competitive market practices from Meridian Compensation Partners, LLC (“Meridian”), an independent compensation consultant engaged by and reporting to the Committee.

When making officer compensation decisions, we determine an aggregate pool of base salaries and target total compensation for the named executive officers and all of our other officers, but excluding the chief executive officer, after referencing the median level of target annual total compensation in the market data for the comparable positions held by our officers. (See below under “Benchmarking” for a more detailed discussion regarding the market data used and related methodology.) The aggregate pool of restricted share units comprising the long-term incentive is calculated based on the aggregate difference between target total compensation and base salary.

For the chief executive officer’s compensation, the Committee develops a range of compensation for the full board of directors to consider in light of the full board’s evaluation of the chief executive officer’s performance. Differences among officers in base salary and target annual total compensation reflect differences in median compensation levels for similar positions at comparably sized utilities, each officer’s experience, the scope of his or her responsibilities and the Committee’s or the chief executive

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officer’s subjective evaluation of an officer’s relative contribution, performance and consideration in our succession plans. Base salary and target annual total compensation may also take into account situations where we have assigned an officer to take on a cross-developmental assignment. The aggregate compensation pool is allocated among the officers other than our chief executive officer based primarily on the recommendations of our chief executive officer, but subject to review and approval by the Committee.

We have a history of developing and promoting executives from within the company when possible. As a result, compensation levels for our officers often begin significantly below the market medians for their respective positions. Depending upon their performance, these officers may receive proportionately larger increases to move their salaries and target total compensation close to the market medians.

Benchmarking . To provide competitive total compensation, the Committee considers national market information about base salaries and other compensation from two sources described below. The Committee believes it is appropriate to look at national market data because we compete for executive talent on a national basis.

In 2017, the Committee relied principally on market information provided by Willis Towers Watson derived from Willis Towers Watson’s 2016 Energy Services Executive Compensation Database. We refer to this database as the “Willis Towers Watson Database.” The database is an annual compilation of compensation for executive officer positions at a broad group of energy and utility companies nationwide prepared by Willis Towers Watson. The companies included in the Willis Towers Watson Database are listed at the end of this section. After discussing each of our officer positions with management and Meridian, including the duties and responsibilities associated with each position, Willis Towers Watson obtained data from its database for positions that in its judgment most closely corresponded to the positions held by our officers. Willis Towers Watson then aggregated the data for the identified positions and adjusted it using recognized statistical methods to account for the different total revenues of the companies in its database as compared to our revenues. Meridian reviewed this market data to ensure that Willis Towers Watson’s methodology was consistent with our executive compensation philosophy. The reports provided to the Committee showed market information for base salary and target annual total compensation for each benchmark position at the market median.

As an additional point of reference, the Committee also reviewed data derived by Meridian from the 2016 proxy statements for companies in the same peer group used to measure total shareholder return for performance-based restricted share units. The proxy data was used to compare the compensation levels of our named executive officers against the compensation of corresponding named executive officers of companies in the peer group. This comparison allowed the Committee to evaluate the reasonableness of the survey data and of our compensation program. The Committee may make compensation adjustments based on this comparison.

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The companies included in the peer group for purposes of 2017 compensation decisions are listed below.

The Committee periodically reviews the peer group and may remove or add a company for various reasons, such as merger and acquisition activity.

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Consistent with our compensation philosophy and objectives, a significant portion of our officers’ annual total compensation is at risk or in the form of long-term incentives that align the interests of our officers with those of our shareholders. The following charts indicate the allocation of 2017 target annual total compensation approved in February 2017 between base salary and restricted share units for Mr. Ruelle and our other named executive officers.

Base Salary . Base salary provides our officers competitive fixed cash compensation. While the aggregate amount of the base salaries for all of the officers (named executive officers and all other officers) is targeted at approximately the market median, base salaries for individual officers are set above or below the market median for the reasons discussed above.

The Committee reviews base salaries annually. In February 2017, the Committee considered an adjustment to the compensation of Mr. Ruelle. Mr. Ruelle made no recommendation regarding his own compensation, nor was he present in any discussions or presentations regarding his compensation. The Willis Towers Watson market information provided to the Committee showed that Mr. Ruelle’s 2016 base salary approximated the market median base salary. The Committee decided to leave Mr. Ruelle’s base salary at $850,000.

In February 2017, the Committee approved increases in base salaries for our other named executive officers. The approved increases, which were based in part on the Willis Towers Watson market information and the recommendation of Mr. Ruelle, raised the aggregate amount of the base salaries for these officers to a level that was near the market median and reflected the Committee’s objective of providing a competitive executive compensation program in light of prevailing business and economic conditions.

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Taking into account these adjustments, the following table shows prior base salaries and the new base salaries for the named executive officers as approved by the Committee in February 2017.

Annual Cash Incentive . Though unusual for the utility industry, our executive compensation program does not include an annual cash incentive component in order to focus our executives on long-term performance. The Committee believes the overall compensation program is appropriately performance-based without an annual cash incentive because of the potential for appreciation in the price of our common stock received when restricted share units vest, and the potential for above or below target payouts of performance-based restricted share units. The Committee has considered this issue from time to time and may revisit this issue again in the future. Because our executive compensation program does not include an annual cash incentive, total cash compensation for our officers is typically significantly less than the relevant market median of total cash compensation.

Long-Term Incentive Compensation .

Overview . The Committee approves long-term incentive compensation for our officers and other key employees who are in positions to make positive contributions to our long-term performance and to create shareholder value through the development and execution of our business strategies. For 2017, 50% of the named executive officers’ long-term incentive is in the form of time-based restricted share units and the other 50% is in the form of performance-based restricted share units. Because we do not provide an annual cash incentive, restricted share units make up a larger percentage of the target annual total compensation of our officers than does the long-term incentive compensation component of the target annual total compensation for officers of our peer group.

The Committee believes restricted share units accomplish our executive compensation program objectives because they:

Our time-based restricted share units are designed to provide total compensation below the target market median if our common stock price significantly decreases after approval, but above the target market median if our common stock price significantly increases. The Committee believes this design also provides an incentive to our officers to continue their employment with us for the duration of the vesting period, thus providing us with continuity and stability of management.

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Performance-based restricted share units compensate an officer based on relative total shareholder return, which is a measure of our stock price appreciation and dividend payments relative to those of a peer group. The Committee settled on relative total shareholder return as an appropriate performance measure because this measure focuses our officers on creating long-term shareholder value when developing and implementing strategic plans. The Committee believes that the risk and reward inherent in performance-based restricted share units provides an appropriate incentive for officers to manage the Company in the long-term interests of shareholders without encouraging inappropriate risk taking. See “Other Matters – Risk Assessment” below.

Process for Determining Long-Term Incentives . Annually, the Committee reviews base salaries and target annual total compensation of our officers. Target annual total compensation is determined in a similar way to base salaries, with reference to the market median. The dollar amount of long-term incentive compensation is target annual total compensation less base salary. To determine the number of restricted share units, we use the average closing price of our common stock for the twenty trading days preceding the first day of the performance period, which customarily has been the first day of the year. Decisions related to the approval of long-term incentives are made independently of announcements of material information or stock price as of any particular date.

Restricted Share Unit Terms . Each restricted share unit represents the right upon vesting to receive one share of our common stock. Prior to vesting, each time-based restricted share unit gives the holder the right to receive a cash payment equal to each dividend paid on one share of our common stock and which is paid at the same time as our common stock dividend. This right to receive a cash payment is referred to as a dividend equivalent. Dividend equivalents change when we change the dividend paid on our common stock. In the case of performance-based restricted share units, dividend equivalents are paid following vesting, but only to the extent vesting actually occurs.

Time-based restricted share units vest in three years, subject to the officer’s continued employment through the vesting date. Performance-based restricted share units vest in three years, subject to satisfaction of performance measures tied to our total shareholder return relative to the total shareholder return for a peer group over the three-year performance period. Total shareholder return is equal to the difference between the value of a share of common stock at the beginning and end of the three-year performance period using the average closing price of our common stock for the twenty trading days preceding such days, plus dividends paid as if reinvested in stock. For this measure, our total shareholder return is compared to total shareholder return of a peer group for the same three-year period. See “Benchmarking” above for a list of the companies included in our peer group for purposes of 2017 compensation.

The relative total shareholder return targets, and the corresponding payouts expressed as a percentage of the target number of performance-based restricted share units, are as follows:

Interpolation is used to determine payouts if relative total shareholder return falls between the percentiles shown above.

Vesting of all restricted share units is subject to the officer’s employment with us continuing uninterrupted through the vesting date, except that a prorated portion of the restricted share units will vest on the scheduled vesting date if the officer’s employment terminates as a result of death, disability or retirement. Retirement means termination of an officer’s employment after reaching age 60 and ten years of service. Additionally, in the event of a change in control, all restricted share units will vest as of the date of the change in control. See “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change In Control” below.

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2017 Approvals . In February 2017 the Committee approved long-term incentives for officers, including the named executive officers, as reflected in the following table:

Pension and Other Benefits

Other Benefit Programs and Perquisites . Our officers have the opportunity to participate in employee benefit programs available to all of our non-union employees, including the employees’ 401(k) Plan, medical, dental and life insurance programs, a defined benefit pension plan and assistance with moving expenses in some instances. Additionally, as explained below, our officers are eligible to participate in retirement and 401(k) benefit restoration plans that replace benefits lost because of limitations on benefits imposed by the Internal Revenue Code. Officers, including the named executive officers, do not receive any “perquisites” or special benefits such as car allowances, discretionary allowances, personal expense reimbursements, personal use of aircraft or personal club memberships.

From time to time, in various circumstances, such as when an officer retires below age 60 or retires after age 60 but without ten years of service, the Committee considers one time payments or other arrangements, including the accelerated vesting of restricted share units, that it considers appropriate. No such payments or arrangements were made in 2017.

Pension and Retirement Plans . Our officers, including the named executive officers, participate in the same defined benefit pension plan that we make available to all of our employees.

Our named executive officers also participate in a retirement benefit restoration plan. As a result of having this plan, the retirement benefits for named executive officers are calculated on the same basis as benefits for other covered employees.

Officers who participate in our retirement plan as cash balance members also participate in a 401(k) benefit restoration plan. As a result of having this plan, we credit matching contributions to an account established for officers who participate in our retirement plan as a cash balance member in an amount determined irrespective of limitations on contributions to the 401(k) Plan imposed by the Internal Revenue Code.

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In an earlier period of employment with the Company, Mr. Ruelle accrued vested benefits for his prior period of employment under an executive salary continuation plan. He is not accruing additional benefits under this plan in connection with his current employment, and none of the other named executive officers are accruing benefits under this plan. Please see “Pension Benefits” below for a more detailed discussion of the benefits provided to Mr. Ruelle under this plan. The Committee has not taken into account these benefits related to a prior period of employment in setting current compensation for Mr. Ruelle, although the Committee did consider these benefits in its evaluation of the adoption of the retirement benefit restoration plan discussed above.

Change in Control Agreements . The possibility of a change in control can create uncertainty and generate questions among management that may result in the departure or distraction of management personnel to the detriment of the Company and its shareholders. Accordingly, the Committee and the board of directors have taken steps to both minimize the risk that our officers will depart prior to a change in control, and to reinforce and encourage the continued attention and dedication of officers to their assigned duties without distraction in circumstances arising from the possibility of a change in control. The board of directors believes it important that our officers be able to continue their management responsibilities without being influenced by the uncertainties of their personal situations when faced with a potential transfer of control. The board of directors authorized change in control agreements for all of our officers.

The board of directors believes that the payments that could be made under the change in control agreements are reasonable because of the amounts involved and, among other things:

Please see “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control” later in this Item 11 for a more detailed description of the terms of the change in control agreements and the amount of the benefits payable to each of our named executive officers in the event of the termination of his employment for various reasons following a change in control.

Deferred Compensation . We do not currently have a deferred compensation plan for cash compensation paid to any of our officers. However, we have a plan that authorizes the Committee, at its discretion, to permit officers to defer the receipt of shares of common stock that would otherwise be issued upon the vesting of restricted share units, when we would not otherwise be able to take a related tax deduction.

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Executive Compensation Administration

Compensation Committee . The Committee assists our board of directors in administering our executive compensation program. The Committee meets frequently, both in conjunction with regularly scheduled meetings of the board of directors and in special meetings.

Compensation Consultant . In order to fulfill its duties, the Committee seeks independent advice from a compensation consultant. The Committee has full, independent authority to retain its compensation consultant. The Committee generally looks to the consultant for market information rather than recommendations about the amount of compensation for individual officers. The Committee sometimes discusses a project directly with the consultant, and sometimes provides directions to members of management who then work with the consultant and report back to the Committee. In keeping with the Committee’s practice of continuing oversight of our executive compensation program, the compensation consultant is retained throughout the year and typically attends the Committee’s regular and special meetings in person or telephonically. The Committee also annually reviews the performance of the compensation consultant.

During 2017, the Committee was assisted by Meridian, its compensation consultant. Prior to its engagement by the Committee in 2010, Meridian had not provided services to the Committee or the Company. In connection with its assignments in 2017, Meridian provided information to the Committee about market compensation practices in the utility industry and made recommendations related to the executive compensation program. Meridian also worked with management to develop market information for the Committee’s review in connection with the Committee’s consideration in February 2017 of adjustments to officer compensation. During 2017, Meridian provided no services to us other than those described above. The Committee considered the independence of Meridian using NYSE independence rules and found Meridian to be independent.

Management also worked with Willis Towers Watson to develop market information for the Committee’s review in connection with the Committee’s annual consideration of adjustments to officer compensation. In 2017, management also retained Willis Towers Watson on the Company’s behalf to provide services related to our benefit plans, including actuarial and consulting services and brokerage services in connection with post-retirement health insurance. The Willis Towers Watson data was reviewed by Meridian as the Committee’s independent consultant to ensure that Willis Towers Watson’s methodology was consistent with our executive compensation philosophy.

Participation of Executive Officers . Our officers and members of senior management are involved in various aspects of the Committee’s evaluation and determination of officer compensation. Our chief executive officer makes recommendations to the Committee for the compensation of officers other than himself. Some officers, including our chief executive officer, attend portions of Committee discussions about compensation for officers generally and individual compensation for officers other than themselves. As noted above, management may work with compensation consultants to provide information requested by consultants for their reports to the Committee.

Our officers do not work with the board of directors or the Committee in establishing measures or targets that affect their own compensation, although officers did participate in discussions about the performance measures for our performance-based restricted share units. Our officers do not participate in discussions of the Committee or the full board of directors about their own compensation. Further, our officers do not meet with the Committee’s compensation consultants on an individual basis regarding their own compensation.

In the view of the Committee, the involvement by management does not hinder the ability of the Committee to make independent decisions about officer compensation.

Tally Sheets . The Committee annually reviews a tally sheet for each officer, including each named executive officer, to ensure that the Committee is fully informed about the total compensation and benefits of each officer, including the potential compensation in various scenarios should an officer’s employment be terminated. The tally sheets also help to ensure the Committee is considering all benefits and previously granted restricted share units when making compensation decisions. Each tally sheet is prepared by management with the assistance of our human resources staff and the Committee’s independent compensation consultant and includes a summary of an officer’s compensation including current salary, unvested restricted share units, pension and other benefits.

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Other Matters

Risk Assessment . The Committee believes the design of the executive compensation program does not encourage excessive or unnecessary risk-taking, based on, among other factors, the following:

Stock Ownership Requirements . Each officer is required to own an amount of our common stock having a value equal to a multiple of the officer’s base salary. The multiple ranges from one to five times base salary, depending upon the position of the officer, with a higher requirement for more senior officers. The Committee believes these requirements further align the interests of officers with the interests of our shareholders by ensuring our officers have a significant long-term stake in the Company and are subject to the risks of equity ownership. At the same time, the Committee believes these requirements balance the personal needs of officers to be able to diversify personal assets and investments. We determine whether the requirements have been met using our closing stock price on the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar year. We expect officers to achieve the applicable ownership requirement, which includes unvested time-based restricted share units but excludes unvested performance-based restricted share units, within five years of their appointment to an officer position.

Each of the named executive officers has met the current requirements, which are set forth below.

Tax Deductibility of Compensation . Under Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code, we may not deduct compensation in excess of $1 million paid in any taxable year to certain employees. Performance-based compensation was not historically subject to the deduction limitation if certain requirements were met. However, Section 162(m) was amended by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, and the amendment repealed the performance-based deduction limitation, and also expanded the group of employees for which deducibility is disallowed. We are assessing the impact of Section 162(m), as amended, on our compensation programs. The Committee considers deductibility of compensation for federal income tax purposes in structuring our executive compensation program; however, to maintain flexibility in compensating executive officers in a manner designed to promote our various goals, the Committee may, but does not necessarily, design compensation programs based upon tax consequences.

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Companies Included in the Willis Towers Watson 2016 Energy Services Executive Compensation Database

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Compensation Committee Report

The Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed with the Company’s management the Compensation Discussion and Analysis included in this Item 11. Based on that review and discussion, the Compensation Committee has recommended to the board of directors that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this Amendment to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

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Amounts relate to annual long-term incentives approved for all the named executive officers. See “Compensation Discussion and Analysis—Long-Term Incentive Compensation” for additional information about these long-term incentives and their terms, including vesting conditions that must be met for any compensation to be received and, for performance-based restricted share units, their performance measures, the target payout level and the payout range, which is between zero and 200% of the target level. These amounts do not reflect actual compensation realized by the named executive officers and are not a guarantee of the amount that the named executive officers will receive from the long-term incentives. The actual compensation will be based on our common stock price at vesting and the performance level achieved for the applicable performance period.

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The grant date fair value for the time-based restricted share units is determined by multiplying the number of restricted share units granted by the closing stock price on the grant date of the underlying common stock. The grant date fair value for the performance-based restricted share units in 2017 is based on an accounting value of 99% of the target value for the annual long-term awards. Assuming achievement of the performance goals at the maximum level and the receipt of the maximum number of performance-based restricted share units, the aggregate grant date fair value of the restricted share unit awards in 2017 would be: Mr. Ruelle, $3,731,760; Mr. Greenwood $1,140,615; Mr. Somma, $1,126,238; Mr. Irick $760,410; and Mr. Akin, $472,061.

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Grants of Plan-Based Awards

Annual long-term incentives were approved for each of the named executive officers in 2017 consisting of time-based restricted share units and performance-based restricted share units. See “Compensation Discussion and Analysis—Long-Term Incentive Compensation” for information about the terms of these restricted share units. The following table sets forth information about the grants.

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As of December 31, 2017, restricted share units that had not vested were subject to the vesting schedule indicated in the following table.

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The market value of the shares received by the named executive officers is based on our closing stock price on the date of vesting or the trading day immediately preceding the date of vesting in instances where the date of vesting was not a trading day.

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Retirement Plan

The Westar Energy, Inc. Retirement Plan (the “Retirement Plan”) is a broad-based tax-qualified defined benefit pension plan in which generally all of our employees, including the named executive officers, are eligible to participate. Participation is automatic and begins after an eligible employee completes one year of credited service. All of the named executive officers are fully vested in their plan benefits.

The Retirement Plan uses two formulas to calculate benefits, a final average earnings formula for union employees hired prior to January 1, 2012 and non-union employees hired prior to January 1, 2002, and a cash balance formula for union employees hired (or re-hired) after December 31, 2011 and non-union employees hired (or re-hired) after December 31, 2001. “Final average earnings” generally means the average annual earnings of an employee measured over the sixty consecutive months that produce the highest monthly average within one hundred twenty consecutive months immediately preceding the employee’s termination or retirement date. Earnings related to restricted share units and dividend equivalents are not included in the calculation of final average earnings. In 2017, the Internal Revenue Code limited annual compensation that could be used in calculating pension benefits to $270,000.

Mr. Ruelle accrued vested benefits calculated under the final average earnings formula during periods of employment with us prior to recommencing employment with us (Mr. Ruelle rejoined us in January of 2003) and also accrued a benefit in 2017 calculated under the cash balance formula as a result of his current employment. Mr. Greenwood, Mr. Somma, Mr. Irick and Mr. Akin are accruing benefits calculated under the final average earnings formula as a result of their current employment.

Under the final average earnings formula, the accrued benefit for each non-union plan participant equals:

Pension benefits accrued under the final average earnings formula are calculated as a monthly annuity generally for the participant’s lifetime. The normal form of benefit for a married participant is a 50% joint and survivor annuity, which provides reduced monthly payments during the participant’s lifetime and lifetime payments to the spouse following the participant’s death in the amount of 50% of the reduced payments. Full benefits may be received when a participant reaches retirement age of 62 or age 60 with 35 years of service. Benefits are reduced if a participant elects to receive payments before attaining such age and years of service. Effective in December 2015, we amended the Retirement Plan to allow certain final average earning participants to elect a lump sum payment in lieu of a monthly annuity. In general, the lump sum payment is equivalent to the present value of the accrued benefit.

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Under the cash balance formula, a bookkeeping account is established for each plan participant and credited with interest and contribution credits. Participants may elect to receive benefits accrued under the cash balance formula either as an annuity or as a lump sum distribution. Interest is credited on a monthly basis during a plan year to each participant’s account using an annual rate of interest determined each December by a plan-specific formula. The formula uses the one-year Treasury Constant Maturities plus 1% and the 30-year Treasury Constant Maturities for the preceding November to determine the new annual rate of interest to be paid for the plan year. The annual interest rates applicable for 2015, 2016 and 2017 were 3.04%, 3.04% and 3.00%, respectively. Contribution credits are determined by multiplying the contribution rate applicable for each participant’s age (based upon the first day of the month) by the participant’s plan earnings for that particular month. The contribution rates are shown in the following table:

We calculated the amounts in the Present Value of Accumulated Benefit column in the Pension Benefits table above based on the same assumptions used for financial reporting purposes with respect to the Retirement Plan in our 2017 consolidated financial statements. For each named executive officer, we calculated the present value of his accrued pension benefit as of December 31, 2017, using a discount rate of 3.75% and a modified RP-2015 mortality table, projected generationally. Cash balance benefits were assumed to be paid in a lump sum at age 62. Benefits under the final average earnings formula were assumed to commence at the earliest unreduced retirement age (62) and be paid in a lump sum 90% of the time and a life annuity 10% of the time. The calculations assume that the named executive officers continue to live and will work until the earliest unreduced retirement age.

We caution that the values reported in the Present Value of Accumulated Benefit column in the table above are hypothetical and are calculated and presented pursuant to SEC regulations and are based on assumptions used in preparing our audited 2017 consolidated financial statements. The Retirement Plan uses a different method of calculating actuarial present value for the purpose of determining an actual lump sum payment, if any, under the plan. The change in pension value from year to year is subject to volatility in interest rates and may not represent the value that a named executive officer will actually accrue under the Retirement Plan during any given year when based on the Retirement Plan’s current definition of actuarial present value. As a result, the values in the table above do not represent the value that a named executive officer would receive from the Retirement Plan had he actually retired on December 31, 2017.

Executive Salary Continuation Plan

In addition to his benefits under our Retirement Plan, Mr. Ruelle accrued vested benefits for periods of employment prior to his rejoining us as an officer in early 2003 under an executive salary continuation plan. The estimated annual benefit payable to Mr. Ruelle under the plan upon retirement at or after age 62 is $16,072.

We calculated the present value of the benefits as of December 31, 2017 for the executive salary continuation plan in the Present Value of Accumulated Benefits column in the Pension Benefits table as a 15-year certain and life annuity using a discount rate of 3.75% and a modified RP-2015 mortality table, projected generationally. Mr. Ruelle is not accruing additional benefits under the plan as a result of his current employment. Mr. Greenwood, Mr. Somma, Mr. Irick and Mr. Akin are not participants in this plan.

Retirement Benefit Restoration Plan

The Westar Energy, Inc. Retirement Benefit Restoration Plan (“Restoration Plan”) replaces benefits lost under our Retirement Plan because of limitations imposed by the Internal Revenue Code on annual compensation that can be used in calculating pension benefits. Each of the named executive officers is a participant in our Restoration Plan. As a result of having this plan, the retirement benefits for named executive officers are calculated on the same basis as benefits for other covered employees.

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Under the terms of our Restoration Plan, the benefit payable will be a monthly amount that is equal to the difference between the monthly amount that is payable to the participant under our Retirement Plan and the monthly amount that would be payable if the Plan were not subject to such limitations. The amount payable under the Restoration Plan will be determined in the form of a straight life annuity over the lifetime of the participant and will commence on the participant’s normal retirement date. We calculated the present value of the benefits as of December 31, 2017 using a discount rate of 3.75% and a modified RP-2015 mortality table, projected generationally. For this purpose, benefits were assumed to commence at the earliest unreduced retirement age (62).

401(k) Benefit Restoration Plan

Under the 401(k) Benefit Restoration Plan, we credit matching contributions to an account established for officers who participate in our retirement plan as a cash balance member in an amount determined irrespective of limitations on contributions to the 401(k) Plan imposed by the Internal Revenue Code. In general, a participant’s account will be distributed in a lump sum in cash on the first business day of the month following a change in control, or on the first business day of the seventh month following a separation from service (with accrued interest at the prime rate in effect on the date of the separation from service). Mr. Ruelle is the only named executive officer who participates in this plan due to his participation as a cash balance member under our Retirement Plan.

The following table sets forth, at December 31, 2017, certain information about the 401(k) Benefit Restoration Plan.

Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change In Control

Potential Payments Upon Termination

If the employment of any named executive officer terminates for any reason, he will receive a lump-sum cash amount equal to the sum of his base salary and any accrued vacation pay through the date of termination, to the extent not previously paid. Additionally, the named executive officer’s restricted share units will vest on a prorated basis through the date of termination upon a termination due to death, disability or retirement. The term “retirement” means cessation of services as an employee after reaching age 60 with ten years of service.

Potential Payments Upon Change in Control

We have entered into change in control agreements with all of the named executive officers. Documents for restricted share units also contain provisions relating to benefits to be received by officers in the event of a change in control.

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Under each officer’s change in control agreement, the officer is eligible to receive the following benefits if both a change in control occurs, and within three years thereafter, we terminate the officer’s employment without “Cause” or the officer terminates his or her employment for “Good Reason.”

If necessary to avoid excise taxes, the severance payment will be reduced to the maximum amount that can be paid without triggering excise taxes. There are no gross-up payments to executive officers for taxes they incur as a result of receiving change in control payments. We have the right to terminate the change in control agreement with 180 days’ notice at any time prior to a change in control.

The term “Cause” generally means the officer’s conviction of a felony or crime involving moral turpitude, the officer’s commission of a willful act of fraud or dishonesty with respect to us, the officer’s willful and repeated failure to perform substantially his or her material duties to us, the officer’s engaging in significant activity that is materially harmful to our reputation or the officer’s breach of his or her fiduciary responsibilities to us or our shareholders.

The term “Change in Control” generally means the sale of all or substantially all of our assets, a person becoming the beneficial owner of 20 percent or more of our outstanding voting securities, a merger or consolidation or our continuing directors ceasing for any reason to constitute a majority of the board of directors.

The term “Good Reason” generally means any change in an officer’s status as an officer, a reduction in total compensation, any requirement that the officer relocate more than 80 miles to a location outside our Kansas retail electric service territory or any action that materially and adversely affects the officer’s participation in or reduces the officer’s benefits under any benefit plan.

Under the documents for restricted share units, all outstanding time-based and performance-based restricted share units (with the target number of performance-based restricted share units subject to adjustment based on our total shareholder return relative to the total shareholder return for a peer group through the date of the change in control) vest upon a change in control.

In addition to the benefits described above under the change of control agreements, upon termination of employment following a change of control, the named executive officers will receive the amounts described in the preceding section titled “Potential Payments Upon Termination.”

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Termination and Change in Control Tables

The tables below show the payments we would make to each of the named executive officers following termination of his employment in various circumstances, including termination following a change in control. We made the following assumptions in calculating the payments to the named executive officers:

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Great Plains Energy Merger

On July 9, 2017, we entered into an amended and restated agreement and plan of merger with Great Plains Energy Incorporated, providing for a stock-for-stock merger of equals of Westar Energy and Great Plains Energy.

Our shareholders approved the amended and restated agreement and plan of merger on November 21, 2017. Page 146 of the definitive proxy statement filed in connection with the merger, which was dated October 10, 2017, identified potential change in control payments to our named executive officers in connection with the merger. The payments identified in the proxy statement relating to the merger differ from the information set forth above because the disclosure requirements, time periods and assumptions differ from those set forth in the definitive proxy statement relating to the merger. The payments named executive officers will receive, if any, will differ from the information set forth in the proxy statement relating to the merger and from what is set forth above.

CEO Pay Ratio

Beginning in 2018, we are required by the SEC to disclose the ratio of our principal executive officer’s annual total compensation to the annual total compensation of an employee whose compensation is at the median of all employee compensation (excluding the principal executive officer). As Chief Executive Officer and President, Mr. Ruelle is our principal executive officer.

To identify the median employee, we compiled a list of 2,241 employees who were employed full-time, part-time or seasonally on October 1, 2017. In accordance with SEC rules, we reviewed the total cash compensation for these employees as of December 31, 2017. We used the list, which excluded Mr. Ruelle’s compensation, to select our median employee.

Mr. Ruelle had 2017 total annual compensation of $3,180,256, as reflected in the Summary Compensation Table above. Our median employee’s total annual compensation for 2017, using the same methodologies and assumptions that were used to calculate Mr. Ruelle’s total annual compensation, was $108,475. As a result, we estimate that the ratio of Mr. Ruelle’s total annual compensation to that of our median employee was approximately 29:1.

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Dividends on deferred compensation paid in shares of stock and on deferred stock are credited to the director as if they had been reinvested in shares of our common stock at a share price equal to the average of the daily high and low prices of our common stock as reported on the New York Stock

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Exchange for the three trading days immediately preceding the day the dividend is credited. The directors credited with dividend equivalents were Ms. Carter ($55,809), Mr. Chandler ($119,747), Mr. Edwards ($64,020), Mr. Farley ($44,373) and Ms. Lawrence ($51,589). The directors credited with dividend equivalents on deferred compensation payable in stock were Ms. Carter ($61,116), Mr. Edwards ($75,659) and Ms. Lawrence ($25,659).

Interest on deferred cash compensation was accrued and credited in 2017 to Ms. Carter ($5,694), Mr. Chandler ($51,016), Mr. Edwards ($1,123) and Ms. Lawrence ($5,609).

Non-employee directors are eligible to participate in our matching gift program on the same terms as our employees. Under this program, we will match on a dollar-for-dollar basis charitable contributions to Kansas colleges and universities made by directors, employees and their spouses up to $1,000 per household each year.

Election to Be Paid in Stock

A non-employee director may elect to have all or a portion of any cash fees paid in stock rather than cash in accordance with our Long Term Incentive and Share Award Plan. If a director elects to receive retainers in shares of our common stock, the number of shares to be distributed to a director in lieu of cash compensation is determined by dividing the elected dollar amount of cash compensation by the average of our high and low common stock price on the last day of the immediately preceding quarter (or, if such day was not a trading day, on the next preceding day the shares were traded) as reported on the New York Stock Exchange Composite Listing.

Election to Defer Compensation

A non-employee director may elect to defer payment of cash fees or stock in accordance with the provisions of our Non-Employee Director Deferred Compensation Plan. If a director elects to receive retainers and attendance fees in shares of our common stock, and defers receipt of such shares, dividends earned on such deferred shares are reflected under the column “All Other Compensation.”

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Non-Employee Director Compensation Process

Our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, which is comprised entirely of independent directors, is responsible for periodically reviewing and approving compensation for our non-employee directors. The committee seeks to provide an overall non-employee director compensation program that is generally aligned with the 50 ^th percentile of our peer group. However, due to the variation in peer company non-employee director compensation and the fact that director compensation is not re-evaluated each year, in any given year overall non-employee director compensation may be above, at or below the market median. The committee reviews non-employee director compensation at our peer companies and relies in part on the advice on Meridian, an independent compensation consultant that is engaged by and reports to our Compensation Committee. The most recent adjustment to non-employee director compensation was made in 2015.

Our Long Term Incentive and Share Award Plan limits the value of equity that non-employee directors may be granted each year to five times the value of the current annual equity grant. The current annual grant limits for our non-executive chairman of the board is $725,000 and for other non-executive directors is $425,000.

Reimbursements

We reimburse directors for travel and other out-of-pocket expenses incurred by them that are incidental to attending meetings. We also reimburse directors for reasonable expenses relating to ongoing director education. In addition, we provide liability insurance to our directors under our directors and officers insurance policies.

Stock Ownership Policy  

Under our director stock ownership policy, our directors are encouraged to own an amount of our common stock equal to five times the $70,000 annual cash retainer for directors ($350,000). The target number of shares is derived by dividing $350,000 by the company’s closing stock price on the last trading day of the previous year. The 2017 target was 6,211 shares based on a price of $56.35 on December 30, 2016. All of our directors have met their stock ownership target.

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

None of the Compensation Committee members has ever been an officer or employee of the Company, is or was a participant in a reportable “related person” transaction in 2017 or is an executive officer of another entity at which one of our executive officers serves on the board of directors. Please see Item 13 for a description of our policy on related person transactions.

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