UNITED
STATES
SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington,
DC 20549
Form
10-Q
[X]
|
QUARTERLY
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934 for the quarterly period ended
March 31,
2008
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OR
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[
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TRANSITION
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934 for the transition period from _________ to
___________
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Commission
File
Number
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Registrant;
State of Incorporation;
Address and Telephone
Number
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IRS
Employer
Identification
No.
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1-11459
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PPL
Corporation
(Exact
name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
(Pennsylvania)
Two
North Ninth Street
Allentown,
PA 18101-1179
(610)
774-5151
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23-2758192
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333-74794
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PPL
Energy Supply, LLC
(Exact
name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
(Delaware)
Two
North Ninth Street
Allentown,
PA 18101-1179
(610)
774-5151
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23-3074920
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1-905
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PPL
Electric Utilities Corporation
(Exact
name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
(Pennsylvania)
Two
North Ninth Street
Allentown,
PA 18101-1179
(610)
774-5151
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23-0959590
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Indicate
by check mark whether the Registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be
filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrants were
required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days.
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PPL
Corporation
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Yes
X
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No
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PPL
Energy Supply, LLC
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Yes
X
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No
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PPL
Electric Utilities Corporation
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Yes
X
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No
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Indicate
by check mark whether the Registrants are large accelerated filers, accelerated
filers, non-accelerated filers, or a smaller reporting company. See
definition of "accelerated filer, large accelerated filer and smaller reporting
company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
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Large
accelerated filer
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Accelerated
filer
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Non-accelerated
filer
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Smaller
reporting
company
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PPL
Corporation
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[ X
]
|
[ ]
|
[ ]
|
[ ]
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|
PPL
Energy Supply, LLC
|
[ ]
|
[ ]
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[ X
]
|
[ ]
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PPL
Electric Utilities Corporation
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[ ]
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[ ]
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[ X
]
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[ ]
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Indicate
by check mark whether the Registrants are shell companies (as defined in Rule
12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
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PPL
Corporation
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Yes
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No
X
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PPL
Energy Supply, LLC
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Yes
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No
X
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PPL
Electric Utilities Corporation
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Yes
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No
X
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Indicate
the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common
stock, as of the latest practicable date:
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PPL
Corporation
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Common
stock, $.01 par value, 373,036,911 shares outstanding at April 28,
2008.
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PPL
Energy Supply, LLC
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PPL
Corporation indirectly holds all of the membership interests in PPL Energy
Supply, LLC.
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PPL
Electric Utilities Corporation
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Common
stock, no par value, 66,368,056 shares outstanding and all held by PPL
Corporation at April 28, 2008.
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This
document is available free of charge at the Investor Center on PPL's Web site at
www.pplweb.com. However, information on this Web site does not
constitute a part of this Form 10-Q.
PPL
ENERGY SUPPLY, LLC
PPL
ELECTRIC UTILITIES CORPORATION
FORM
10-Q
FOR THE
QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2008
Table of
Contents
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Page
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i
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1
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PART
I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
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Item
1. Financial Statements
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PPL
Corporation and Subsidiaries
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2
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3
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4
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PPL
Energy Supply, LLC and Subsidiaries
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6
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7
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8
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PPL
Electric Utilities Corporation and Subsidiaries
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10
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11
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12
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14
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Item
2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations
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45
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57
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67
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72
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72
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72
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PART
II. OTHER INFORMATION
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73
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73
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73
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73
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75
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COMPUTATION
OF RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
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76
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77
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78
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CERTIFICATES
OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL
OFFICER
PURSUANT
TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
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79
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81
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83
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CERTIFICATES
OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL
OFFICER
PURSUANT
TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
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85
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87
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89
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GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
PPL Corporation and its
current and former subsidiaries
Hyder
- Hyder Limited, a subsidiary of WPDL that was the previous owner of South Wales
Electricity plc. In March 2001, South Wales Electricity plc was
acquired by WPDH Limited and renamed WPD (South Wales).
PPL
-
PPL Corporation, the parent holding company of PPL Electric, PPL Energy Funding
and other subsidiaries.
PPL
Capital Funding
- PPL Capital Funding, Inc., a wholly-owned financing
subsidiary of PPL.
PPL
Electric
-
PPL Electric Utilities Corporation, a regulated utility subsidiary of PPL that
transmits and distributes electricity in its service territory and provides
electric supply to retail customers in this territory as a PLR.
PPL
Energy Funding
- PPL Energy Funding Corporation, a subsidiary of PPL and
the parent company of PPL Energy Supply.
PPL
EnergyPlus
- PPL EnergyPlus, LLC, a subsidiary of PPL Energy Supply that
markets and trades wholesale and retail electricity, and supplies energy and
energy services in deregulated markets.
PPL
Energy Supply
- PPL Energy Supply, LLC, a subsidiary of PPL Energy
Funding and the parent company of PPL Generation, PPL EnergyPlus, PPL Global and
other subsidiaries.
PPL
Gas Utilities
- PPL Gas Utilities Corporation, a regulated utility
subsidiary of PPL that specializes in natural gas distribution, transmission and
storage services, and the competitive sale of propane. In March 2008,
PPL signed a definitive agreement to sell these businesses.
PPL
Generation
- PPL Generation, LLC, a subsidiary of PPL Energy Supply that
owns and operates U.S. generating facilities through various
subsidiaries.
PPL
Global
- PPL Global, LLC, a subsidiary of PPL Energy Supply that
primarily owns and operates a business in the U.K. that is focused on the
regulated distribution of electricity.
PPL
Martins Creek
- PPL Martins Creek, LLC, a subsidiary of PPL Generation
that owns generating operations in Pennsylvania.
PPL
Montana
- PPL Montana, LLC, an indirect subsidiary of PPL Generation that
generates electricity for wholesale sales in Montana and the Pacific
Northwest.
PPL
Services
- PPL Services Corporation, a subsidiary of PPL that provides
shared services for PPL and its subsidiaries.
PPL
Susquehanna
- PPL Susquehanna, LLC, the nuclear generating subsidiary of
PPL Generation.
PPL
Transition Bond Company
- PPL Transition Bond Company, LLC, a subsidiary
of PPL Electric that was formed to issue transition bonds under the Customer
Choice Act.
SIUK
Capital Trust I
- a business trust created to issue preferred securities,
the common equity of which was held by WPD LLP. The preferred
securities were redeemed in February 2007.
WPD
- refers collectively to WPDH Limited and WPDL.
WPD
LLP
- Western Power Distribution LLP, a wholly-owned subsidiary of WPDH
Limited, which owns WPD (South West) and WPD (South Wales).
WPD
(South
Wales)
- Western Power Distribution (South Wales) plc, a British regional
electric utility company.
WPD
(South
West)
- Western Power Distribution (South West) plc, a British regional
electric utility company.
WPDH
Limited
- Western Power Distribution Holdings Limited, an indirect,
wholly-owned subsidiary of PPL Global. WPDH Limited owns WPD
LLP.
WPDL
- WPD Investment Holdings Limited, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of PPL
Global. WPDL owns 100% of the common shares of Hyder.
Other terms and
abbreviations
£
- British
pounds sterling.
2007
Form 10-K
- Annual Report to the SEC on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 2007.
APB
- Accounting Principles Board.
ARB
- Accounting Research Bulletin.
ARO
- asset retirement obligation.
Bcf
- billion cubic feet.
Clean
Air Act
- federal legislation enacted to address certain environmental
issues related to air emissions, including acid rain, ozone and toxic air
emissions.
COLA
- combined construction and operating license application.
CTC
- competitive transition charge on customer bills to recover allowable
transition costs under the Customer Choice Act.
Customer
Choice Act
-
the Pennsylvania Electricity Generation Customer Choice and Competition Act,
legislation enacted to restructure the state's electric utility industry to
create retail access to a competitive market for generation of
electricity.
DEP
- Department of Environmental Protection, a state government
agency.
DOE
- Department of Energy, a U.S. government agency.
EITF
- Emerging Issues Task Force, an organization that assists the FASB in improving
financial reporting through the identification, discussion and resolution of
financial accounting issues within the framework of existing authoritative
literature.
EMF
- electric and magnetic fields.
EPA
- Environmental Protection Agency, a U.S. government agency.
EPS
- earnings per share.
FASB
- Financial Accounting
Standards Board, a rulemaking organization that establishes financial accounting
and reporting standards.
FERC
- Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, the federal agency that regulates
interstate transmission and wholesale sales of electricity and related
matters.
FIN
- FASB Interpretation.
Fitch
- Fitch, Inc.
FSP
-
FASB Staff
Position.
FTR
-
financial
transmission rights, which are financial instruments established to manage price
risk related to electricity transmission congestion. They entitle the
holder to receive compensation or require the holder to remit payment for
certain congestion-related transmission charges that arise when the transmission
grid is congested.
GWh
- gigawatt-hour, one million kilowatt-hours.
IRS
-
Internal Revenue Service, a U.S. government agency.
ISO
- Independent System Operator.
ITC
- intangible transition charge on customer bills to recover intangible
transition costs associated with securitizing stranded costs under the Customer
Choice Act.
LIBOR
-
London Interbank Offered
Rate.
Montana
Power
- The Montana Power Company, a Montana-based company that sold its
generating assets to PPL Montana in December 1999. Through a series
of transactions consummated during the first quarter of 2002, Montana Power sold
its electricity delivery business to NorthWestern.
Moody's
- Moody's Investors Service, Inc.
MW
- megawatt, one thousand kilowatts.
MWh
- megawatt-hour, one thousand kilowatt-hours.
NERC
- North American Electric Reliability Corporation.
NorthWestern
- NorthWestern Energy Division, a Delaware corporation and a subsidiary
of NorthWestern Corporation and successor in interest to Montana Power's
electricity delivery business, including Montana Power's rights and obligations
under contracts with PPL Montana.
NRC
- Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the federal agency that regulates the operation
of nuclear power facilities.
NUGs
(Non-Utility
Generators) - generating plants not owned by public utilities, whose electrical
output must be purchased by utilities under the PURPA if the plant meets certain
criteria.
NYMEX
- New York
Mercantile Exchange.
PJM
(PJM
Interconnection, L.L.C.) - operator of the electric transmission network and
electric energy market in all or parts of Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky,
Maryland, Michigan, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee,
Virginia, West Virginia and the District of Columbia.
PLR
(Provider of Last Resort) - the role of PPL Electric in providing default
electricity supply to retail customers within its delivery territory who have
not chosen to select an alternative electricity supplier under the Customer
Choice Act.
PP&E
-
property, plant and equipment.
Preferred
Securities
- company-obligated mandatorily redeemable preferred
securities issued by SIUK Capital Trust I, which solely held debentures of WPD
LLP. The securities of SIUK Capital Trust I were redeemed in February
2007.
PUC
-
Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission, the state agency that regulates certain
ratemaking, services, accounting and operations of Pennsylvania
utilities.
PUHCA
- Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935, legislation passed by the U.S.
Congress. Repealed effective February 2006 by the Energy Policy Act
of 2005.
PURPA
-
Public
Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978, legislation passed by the U.S. Congress
to encourage energy conservation, efficient use of resources and equitable
rates.
Regulation
S-X
- SEC regulation governing the form and content of and requirements
for financial statements required to be filed pursuant to the federal securities
laws.
RFC
-
ReliabilityFirst Corporation (the regional transmission reliability entity that
replaced the Mid-Atlantic Area Coordination Council).
SCR
- selective catalytic reduction, a pollution control process.
Scrubber
- an air pollution control device that can remove particulates and/or gases
(such as sulfur dioxide) from exhaust gases.
SEC
- Securities and Exchange Commission, a U.S. government agency whose primary
mission is to protect investors and maintain the integrity of the securities
markets.
SFAS
- Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, the accounting and financial
reporting rules issued by the FASB.
S&P
- Standard & Poor's Ratings Services.
Smart
metering technology
- technology that can measure, among other things,
time of consumption to permit offering rate incentives for usage during lower
cost or demand intervals.
Superfund
- federal environmental legislation that addresses remediation of contaminated
sites; states also have similar statutes.
Synfuel
projects
- production facilities that manufacture synthetic fuel from
coal or coal byproducts. Favorable federal tax credits, which expired
effective December 31, 2007, were available on qualified synthetic fuel
products.
Tolling
agreement
-
agreement whereby the owner of an electric generating facility agrees to use
that facility to convert fuel provided by a third party into electric energy for
delivery back to the third party.
VaR
- value-at-risk.
Accounting
Pronouncements
APB
Opinion No. 23
- Accounting for Income Taxes-Special Areas.
EITF
87-24
- Allocation of Interest to Discontinued Operations.
EITF
Issue No. 02-3
- Issues Involved in Accounting for Derivative Contracts
Held for Trading Purposes and Contracts Involved in Energy Trading and Risk
Management Activities.
FIN
39
- Offsetting of Amounts Related to Certain Contracts, as amended and
interpreted.
FIN
45
- Guarantor's Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees,
Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others, an Interpretation of
FASB Statements No. 5, 57, and 107 and Rescission of FASB Interpretation No.
34.
FSP
FAS 157-1
- Application of FASB Statement No. 157 to FASB
Statement No. 13 and Other Accounting Pronouncements That Address Fair Value
Measurements for Purposes of Lease Classification or Measurement under Statement
13.
FSP
FAS 157-2
- Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157.
SFAS
133
- Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, as
amended and interpreted.
SFAS
141
- Business Combinations.
SFAS
141(R)
- Business Combinations (revised 2007).
SFAS
144
- Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived
Assets.
SFAS
157
- Fair Value Measurements.
SFAS
159
- The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial
Liabilities, including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115.
SFAS
160
- Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an
amendment of ARB No. 51.
SFAS
161
- Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an
amendment of FASB Statement No. 133.
FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION
Statements
contained in this Form 10-Q concerning expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives,
goals, strategies, future events or performance and underlying assumptions and
other statements which are other than statements of historical facts are
"forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the federal securities
laws. Although PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric believe that
the expectations and assumptions reflected in these statements are reasonable,
there can be no assurance that these expectations will prove to be
correct. Forward-looking statements involve a number of risks and
uncertainties, and actual results may differ materially from the results
discussed in forward-looking statements. In addition to the specific
factors discussed in "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in the companies' 2007 Form 10-K
and in "Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations" in this Form 10-Q report, the following are among the
important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the
forward-looking statements:
·
|
market
demand and prices for energy, capacity and fuel;
|
·
|
weather
conditions affecting generation production, customer energy use and
operating costs;
|
·
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competition
in retail and wholesale power markets;
|
·
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liquidity
of wholesale power markets;
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·
|
defaults
by our counterparties under our energy, fuel or other power product
contracts;
|
·
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the
effect of any business or industry restructuring;
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·
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the
profitability and liquidity, including access to capital markets and
credit facilities, of PPL and its subsidiaries;
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·
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new
accounting requirements or new interpretations or applications of existing
requirements;
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·
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operation,
availability and operating costs of existing generation
facilities;
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·
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transmission
and distribution system conditions and operating costs;
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·
|
current
and future environmental conditions and requirements and the related costs
of compliance, including environmental capital expenditures, emission
allowance costs and other expenses;
|
·
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significant
delays in the ongoing installation of pollution control equipment at
certain coal-fired generating units in Pennsylvania due to weather
conditions, contractor performance or other reasons;
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·
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market
prices of commodity inputs for ongoing capital
expenditures;
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·
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collective
labor bargaining negotiations;
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·
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development
of new projects, markets and technologies;
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·
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performance
of new ventures;
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·
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asset
acquisitions and dispositions;
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·
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political,
regulatory or economic conditions in states, regions or countries where
PPL or its subsidiaries conduct business;
|
·
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any
impact of hurricanes or other severe weather on PPL and its subsidiaries,
including any impact on fuel prices;
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·
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receipt
of necessary governmental permits, approvals and rate
relief;
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·
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new
state, federal or foreign legislation, including new tax
legislation;
|
·
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state,
federal and foreign regulatory developments;
|
·
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the
impact of any state, federal or foreign investigations applicable to PPL
and its subsidiaries and the energy industry;
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·
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capital
market conditions, including changes in interest rates, and decisions
regarding capital structure;
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·
|
stock
price performance of PPL;
|
·
|
the
market prices of equity securities and the impact on pension costs and
resultant cash funding requirements for defined benefit pension
plans;
|
·
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securities
and credit ratings;
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·
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foreign
currency exchange rates;
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·
|
the
outcome of litigation against PPL and its subsidiaries;
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·
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potential
effects of threatened or actual terrorism or war or other hostilities;
and
|
·
|
the
commitments and liabilities of PPL and its
subsidiaries.
|
Any such
forward-looking statements should be considered in light of such important
factors and in conjunction with other documents of PPL, PPL Energy Supply and
PPL Electric on file with the SEC.
New
factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those
described in forward-looking statements emerge from time to time, and it is not
possible for PPL, PPL Energy Supply or PPL Electric to predict all of such
factors, or the extent to which any such factor or combination of factors may
cause actual results to differ from those contained in any forward-looking
statement. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date
on which such statement is made, and PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric
undertake no obligation to update the information contained in such statement to
reflect subsequent developments or information.
PART
I.
FINANCIAL
INFORMATION
|
Item 1. Financial
Statements
|
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
|
PPL
Corporation and Subsidiaries
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Millions
of Dollars, except per share data)
|
|
|
Three
Months Ended
March
31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
Operating
Revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Utility
|
|
$
|
1,120
|
|
|
$
|
1,081
|
|
Unregulated
retail electric
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
|
22
|
|
Wholesale
energy marketing
|
|
|
258
|
|
|
|
249
|
|
Net
energy trading margins
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
9
|
|
Energy-related
businesses
|
|
|
116
|
|
|
|
185
|
|
Total
|
|
|
1,526
|
|
|
|
1,546
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fuel
|
|
|
243
|
|
|
|
233
|
|
Energy
purchases
|
|
|
55
|
|
|
|
122
|
|
Other
operation and maintenance
|
|
|
377
|
|
|
|
325
|
|
Amortization
of recoverable transition costs
|
|
|
76
|
|
|
|
81
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
112
|
|
|
|
116
|
|
Taxes,
other than income
|
|
|
75
|
|
|
|
78
|
|
Energy-related
businesses (Note 8)
|
|
|
108
|
|
|
|
202
|
|
Total
|
|
|
1,046
|
|
|
|
1,157
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
Income
|
|
|
480
|
|
|
|
389
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
Income - net
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
|
27
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
Expense
|
|
|
108
|
|
|
|
120
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes, Minority Interest and
Dividends on Preferred Securities of a Subsidiary
|
|
|
380
|
|
|
|
296
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
Taxes
|
|
|
129
|
|
|
|
69
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minority
Interest
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends
on Preferred Securities of a Subsidiary
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from Continuing Operations
|
|
|
246
|
|
|
|
221
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
(Loss) from Discontinued Operations (net of income taxes) (Note
8)
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
(18
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Income
|
|
$
|
260
|
|
|
$
|
203
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Earnings
Per Share of Common Stock:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from Continuing Operations:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
$
|
0.66
|
|
|
$
|
0.58
|
|
Diluted
|
|
$
|
0.65
|
|
|
$
|
0.57
|
|
Net
Income:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
|
|
$
|
0.70
|
|
|
$
|
0.53
|
|
Diluted
|
|
$
|
0.69
|
|
|
$
|
0.52
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends
Declared Per Share of Common Stock
|
|
$
|
0.335
|
|
|
$
|
0.305
|
|
|
The
accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an
integral part of the financial
statements.
|
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH
FLOWS
|
PPL
Corporation and Subsidiaries
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Millions
of Dollars)
|
|
|
Three
Months Ended
March
31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
Cash
Flows from Operating Activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
|
$
|
260
|
|
|
$
|
203
|
|
Adjustments
to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating
activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
112
|
|
|
|
124
|
|
Amortization -
recoverable transition costs and other
|
|
|
94
|
|
|
|
108
|
|
Unrealized
gain on derivatives and other hedging activities
|
|
|
(63
|
)
|
|
|
(22
|
)
|
Deferred
income taxes and investment tax credits
|
|
|
(38
|
)
|
|
|
(32
|
)
|
Impairment
of assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
65
|
|
Other
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
|
11
|
|
Change
in current assets and current liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts
receivable
|
|
|
61
|
|
|
|
(48
|
)
|
Accounts
payable
|
|
|
(65
|
)
|
|
|
(29
|
)
|
Fuel,
materials and supplies
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
|
58
|
|
Prepayments
|
|
|
(107
|
)
|
|
|
(135
|
)
|
Taxes
|
|
|
137
|
|
|
|
49
|
|
Other
|
|
|
(15
|
)
|
|
|
(70
|
)
|
Other
operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
assets
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
|
16
|
|
Other
liabilities
|
|
|
(30
|
)
|
|
|
(12
|
)
|
Net
cash provided by operating activities
|
|
|
424
|
|
|
|
286
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
Flows from Investing Activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenditures
for property, plant and equipment
|
|
|
(330
|
)
|
|
|
(341
|
)
|
Purchases
of emission allowances
|
|
|
(19
|
)
|
|
|
(4
|
)
|
Proceeds
from the sale of emission allowances
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
30
|
|
Purchases
of nuclear decommissioning trust investments
|
|
|
(47
|
)
|
|
|
(42
|
)
|
Proceeds
from the sale of nuclear decommissioning trust investments
|
|
|
40
|
|
|
|
38
|
|
Purchases
of other investments
|
|
|
(50
|
)
|
|
|
(127
|
)
|
Proceeds
from the sale of other investments
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
|
132
|
|
Net
(increase) decrease in restricted cash and cash
equivalents
|
|
|
(78
|
)
|
|
|
10
|
|
Other
investing activities
|
|
|
(4
|
)
|
|
|
5
|
|
Net
cash used in investing activities
|
|
|
(462
|
)
|
|
|
(299
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
Flows from Financing Activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance
of long-term debt
|
|
|
399
|
|
|
|
505
|
|
Retirement
of long-term debt
|
|
|
(91
|
)
|
|
|
(201
|
)
|
Repurchase
of common stock
|
|
|
(38
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance
of common stock
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
Payment
of common stock dividends
|
|
|
(113
|
)
|
|
|
(105
|
)
|
Net
(decrease) increase in short-term debt
|
|
|
(50
|
)
|
|
|
29
|
|
Other
financing activities
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
|
|
(12
|
)
|
Net
cash provided by financing activities
|
|
|
108
|
|
|
|
221
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effect
of Exchange Rates on Cash and Cash Equivalents
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents
|
|
|
68
|
|
|
|
207
|
|
Cash
and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period
|
|
|
430
|
|
|
|
794
|
|
Cash
and Cash Equivalents included in Assets Held for Sale
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
|
|
(36
|
)
|
Cash
and Cash Equivalents at End of Period
|
|
$
|
495
|
|
|
$
|
965
|
|
|
The
accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an
integral part of the financial
statements.
|
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE
SHEETS
|
PPL
Corporation and Subsidiaries
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Millions
of Dollars)
|
|
|
March
31,
2008
|
|
December
31,
2007
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
495
|
|
|
$
|
430
|
|
Short-term
investments
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
|
108
|
|
Restricted
cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
278
|
|
|
|
203
|
|
Accounts
receivable (less reserve: 2008, $40; 2007, $39)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Customer
|
|
|
504
|
|
|
|
574
|
|
Other
|
|
|
84
|
|
|
|
87
|
|
Unbilled
revenues
|
|
|
510
|
|
|
|
531
|
|
Fuel,
materials and supplies
|
|
|
305
|
|
|
|
316
|
|
Prepayments
|
|
|
187
|
|
|
|
160
|
|
Deferred
income taxes
|
|
|
40
|
|
|
|
25
|
|
Price
risk management assets
|
|
|
1,078
|
|
|
|
319
|
|
Other
intangibles
|
|
|
75
|
|
|
|
76
|
|
Assets
held for sale (Note 8)
|
|
|
315
|
|
|
|
318
|
|
Other
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
|
21
|
|
Total
Current Assets
|
|
|
3,989
|
|
|
|
3,168
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment
in unconsolidated affiliates - at equity
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
|
44
|
|
Nuclear
plant decommissioning trust funds
|
|
|
530
|
|
|
|
555
|
|
Other
|
|
|
39
|
|
|
|
9
|
|
Total
Investments
|
|
|
612
|
|
|
|
608
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property,
Plant and Equipment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Electric
plant in service
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Transmission
and distribution
|
|
|
8,737
|
|
|
|
8,787
|
|
Generation
|
|
|
9,323
|
|
|
|
8,812
|
|
General
|
|
|
843
|
|
|
|
836
|
|
|
|
|
18,903
|
|
|
|
18,435
|
|
Construction
work in progress
|
|
|
930
|
|
|
|
1,287
|
|
Nuclear
fuel
|
|
|
411
|
|
|
|
387
|
|
Electric
plant
|
|
|
20,244
|
|
|
|
20,109
|
|
Gas
and oil plant
|
|
|
67
|
|
|
|
66
|
|
Other
property
|
|
|
197
|
|
|
|
202
|
|
|
|
|
20,508
|
|
|
|
20,377
|
|
Less: accumulated
depreciation
|
|
|
7,850
|
|
|
|
7,772
|
|
Total
Property, Plant and Equipment
|
|
|
12,658
|
|
|
|
12,605
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Regulatory
and Other Noncurrent Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Recoverable
transition costs
|
|
|
497
|
|
|
|
574
|
|
Goodwill
|
|
|
962
|
|
|
|
991
|
|
Other
intangibles
|
|
|
351
|
|
|
|
335
|
|
Price
risk management assets
|
|
|
854
|
|
|
|
587
|
|
Other
|
|
|
1,132
|
|
|
|
1,104
|
|
Total
Regulatory and Other Noncurrent Assets
|
|
|
3,796
|
|
|
|
3,591
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Assets
|
|
$
|
21,055
|
|
|
$
|
19,972
|
|
|
The
accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an
integral part of the financial
statements.
|
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
|
PPL
Corporation and Subsidiaries
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Millions
of Dollars)
|
|
|
March
31,
2008
|
|
December
31,
2007
|
Liabilities
and Equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Short-term
debt
|
|
$
|
41
|
|
|
$
|
92
|
|
Long-term
debt
|
|
|
797
|
|
|
|
678
|
|
Accounts
payable
|
|
|
659
|
|
|
|
723
|
|
Above
market NUG contracts
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
|
42
|
|
Taxes
|
|
|
178
|
|
|
|
127
|
|
Interest
|
|
|
122
|
|
|
|
131
|
|
Dividends
|
|
|
130
|
|
|
|
118
|
|
Price
risk management liabilities
|
|
|
1,066
|
|
|
|
423
|
|
Liabilities
held for sale (Note 8)
|
|
|
58
|
|
|
|
68
|
|
Other
|
|
|
468
|
|
|
|
480
|
|
Total
Current Liabilities
|
|
|
3,556
|
|
|
|
2,882
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term
Debt
|
|
|
7,067
|
|
|
|
6,890
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred
Credits and Other Noncurrent Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred
income taxes and investment tax credits
|
|
|
2,113
|
|
|
|
2,192
|
|
Price
risk management liabilities
|
|
|
1,194
|
|
|
|
916
|
|
Accrued
pension obligations
|
|
|
58
|
|
|
|
59
|
|
Asset
retirement obligations
|
|
|
380
|
|
|
|
376
|
|
Above
market NUG contracts
|
|
|
23
|
|
|
|
29
|
|
Other
|
|
|
760
|
|
|
|
752
|
|
Total
Deferred Credits and Other Noncurrent Liabilities
|
|
|
4,528
|
|
|
|
4,324
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commitments
and Contingent Liabilities (Note 10)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minority
Interest
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred
Securities of a Subsidiary
|
|
|
301
|
|
|
|
301
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareowners'
Common Equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common
stock - $0.01 par value (a)
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
Capital
in excess of par value
|
|
|
2,157
|
|
|
|
2,172
|
|
Earnings
reinvested
|
|
|
3,583
|
|
|
|
3,448
|
|
Accumulated
other comprehensive loss
|
|
|
(160
|
)
|
|
|
(68
|
)
|
Total
Shareowners' Common Equity
|
|
|
5,584
|
|
|
|
5,556
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Liabilities and Equity
|
|
$
|
21,055
|
|
|
$
|
19,972
|
|
|
(a)
|
|
780
million shares authorized; 373 million shares issued and
outstanding at March 31, 2008 and December 31,
2007.
|
|
The
accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an
integral part of the financial
statements.
|
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
INCOME
|
PPL
Energy Supply, LLC and Subsidiaries
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Millions
of Dollars)
|
|
|
Three
Months Ended
March
31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
Operating
Revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Wholesale
energy marketing
|
|
$
|
258
|
|
|
$
|
249
|
|
Wholesale
energy marketing to affiliate
|
|
|
489
|
|
|
|
481
|
|
Utility
|
|
|
241
|
|
|
|
216
|
|
Unregulated
retail electric
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
|
22
|
|
Net
energy trading margins
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
9
|
|
Energy-related
businesses
|
|
|
114
|
|
|
|
183
|
|
Total
|
|
|
1,134
|
|
|
|
1,160
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fuel
|
|
|
243
|
|
|
|
233
|
|
Energy
purchases
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
71
|
|
Energy
purchases from affiliate
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
|
37
|
|
Other
operation and maintenance
|
|
|
283
|
|
|
|
244
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
77
|
|
|
|
81
|
|
Taxes,
other than income
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
|
24
|
|
Energy-related
businesses (Note 8)
|
|
|
106
|
|
|
|
201
|
|
Total
|
|
|
770
|
|
|
|
891
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
Income
|
|
|
364
|
|
|
|
269
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
Income - net
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
|
24
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
Expense
|
|
|
71
|
|
|
|
72
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
Expense with Affiliates
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes and Minority
Interest
|
|
|
304
|
|
|
|
217
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
Taxes
|
|
|
105
|
|
|
|
44
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minority
Interest
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from Continuing Operations
|
|
|
199
|
|
|
|
172
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (Loss)
from Discontinued Operations (net of income taxes) (Note
8)
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
(25
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Income
|
|
$
|
204
|
|
|
$
|
147
|
|
|
The
accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an
integral part of the financial
statements.
|
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH
FLOWS
|
PPL
Energy Supply, LLC and Subsidiaries
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Millions
of Dollars)
|
|
|
Three
Months Ended
March
31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
Cash
Flows from Operating Activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
|
$
|
204
|
|
|
$
|
147
|
|
Adjustments
to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating
activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
77
|
|
|
|
87
|
|
Unrealized
gain on derivatives and other hedging activities
|
|
|
(66
|
)
|
|
|
(23
|
)
|
Deferred
income taxes and investment tax credits
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
Impairment
of assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
65
|
|
Other
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
|
20
|
|
Change
in current assets and current liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts
receivable
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
|
(28
|
)
|
Accounts
payable
|
|
|
(62
|
)
|
|
|
(66
|
)
|
Fuel,
materials and supplies
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
|
35
|
|
Taxes
|
|
|
135
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
|
(8
|
)
|
Other
operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
assets
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
8
|
|
Other
liabilities
|
|
|
(26
|
)
|
|
|
(19
|
)
|
Net
cash provided by operating activities
|
|
|
451
|
|
|
|
223
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
Flows from Investing Activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenditures
for property, plant and equipment
|
|
|
(266
|
)
|
|
|
(270
|
)
|
Purchases
of emission allowances
|
|
|
(19
|
)
|
|
|
(4
|
)
|
Proceeds
from the sale of emission allowances
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
30
|
|
Purchases
of nuclear decommissioning trust investments
|
|
|
(47
|
)
|
|
|
(42
|
)
|
Proceeds
from the sale of nuclear decommissioning trust investments
|
|
|
40
|
|
|
|
38
|
|
Purchases
of other investments
|
|
|
(47
|
)
|
|
|
(93
|
)
|
Proceeds
from the sale of other investments
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
|
72
|
|
Net
(increase) decrease in restricted cash and cash
equivalents
|
|
|
(82
|
)
|
|
|
3
|
|
Other
investing activities
|
|
|
(5
|
)
|
|
|
2
|
|
Net
cash used in investing activities
|
|
|
(403
|
)
|
|
|
(264
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
Flows from Financing Activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance
of long-term debt
|
|
|
399
|
|
|
|
6
|
|
Retirement
of long-term debt
|
|
|
(9
|
)
|
|
|
(121
|
)
|
Contributions
from Member
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
500
|
|
Distributions
to Member
|
|
|
(492
|
)
|
|
|
(72
|
)
|
Net
decrease in short-term debt
|
|
|
(50
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Other
financing activities
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
Net
cash (used in) provided by financing activities
|
|
|
(155
|
)
|
|
|
311
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effect
of Exchange Rates on Cash and Cash Equivalents
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
(Decrease) Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents
|
|
|
(109
|
)
|
|
|
269
|
|
Cash
and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period
|
|
|
355
|
|
|
|
524
|
|
Cash
and Cash Equivalents included in Assets Held for Sale
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(36
|
)
|
Cash
and Cash Equivalents at End of Period
|
|
$
|
246
|
|
|
$
|
757
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an
integral part of the financial statements.
|
|
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE
SHEETS
|
PPL
Energy Supply, LLC and Subsidiaries
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Millions
of Dollars)
|
|
|
March
31,
2008
|
|
December
31,
2007
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
246
|
|
|
$
|
355
|
|
Short-term
investments
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
|
102
|
|
Restricted
cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
227
|
|
|
|
146
|
|
Accounts
receivable (less reserve: 2008, $21; 2007, $20)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Customer
|
|
|
254
|
|
|
|
376
|
|
Other
|
|
|
54
|
|
|
|
61
|
|
Unbilled
revenues
|
|
|
339
|
|
|
|
339
|
|
Accounts
receivable from affiliates
|
|
|
195
|
|
|
|
169
|
|
Collateral
on PLR energy supply to affiliate
|
|
|
300
|
|
|
|
300
|
|
Fuel,
materials and supplies
|
|
|
271
|
|
|
|
282
|
|
Prepayments
|
|
|
47
|
|
|
|
120
|
|
Deferred
income taxes
|
|
|
59
|
|
|
|
49
|
|
Price
risk management assets
|
|
|
1,072
|
|
|
|
318
|
|
Other
intangibles
|
|
|
75
|
|
|
|
76
|
|
Other
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
Total
Current Assets
|
|
|
3,244
|
|
|
|
2,700
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment
in unconsolidated affiliates - at equity
|
|
|
43
|
|
|
|
44
|
|
Nuclear
plant decommissioning trust funds
|
|
|
530
|
|
|
|
555
|
|
Other
|
|
|
31
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
Total
Investments
|
|
|
604
|
|
|
|
604
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property,
Plant and Equipment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Electric
plant in service
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Transmission
and distribution
|
|
|
4,375
|
|
|
|
4,470
|
|
Generation
|
|
|
9,323
|
|
|
|
8,812
|
|
General
|
|
|
329
|
|
|
|
334
|
|
|
|
|
14,027
|
|
|
|
13,616
|
|
Construction
work in progress
|
|
|
821
|
|
|
|
1,165
|
|
Nuclear
fuel
|
|
|
411
|
|
|
|
387
|
|
Electric
plant
|
|
|
15,259
|
|
|
|
15,168
|
|
Gas
and oil plant
|
|
|
67
|
|
|
|
66
|
|
Other
property
|
|
|
195
|
|
|
|
200
|
|
|
|
|
15,521
|
|
|
|
15,434
|
|
Less: accumulated
depreciation
|
|
|
5,963
|
|
|
|
5,904
|
|
Total
Property, Plant and Equipment
|
|
|
9,558
|
|
|
|
9,530
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
Noncurrent Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Goodwill
|
|
|
962
|
|
|
|
991
|
|
Other
intangibles
|
|
|
230
|
|
|
|
214
|
|
Price
risk management assets
|
|
|
812
|
|
|
|
568
|
|
Other
|
|
|
686
|
|
|
|
660
|
|
Total
Other Noncurrent Assets
|
|
|
2,690
|
|
|
|
2,433
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Assets
|
|
$
|
16,096
|
|
|
$
|
15,267
|
|
|
The
accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an
integral part of the financial
statements.
|
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
|
PPL
Energy Supply, LLC and Subsidiaries
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Millions
of Dollars)
|
|
|
March
31,
2008
|
|
December
31,
2007
|
Liabilities
and Equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Short-term
debt
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
51
|
|
Long-term
debt
|
|
$
|
273
|
|
|
|
283
|
|
Accounts
payable
|
|
|
595
|
|
|
|
626
|
|
Accounts
payable to affiliates
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
|
61
|
|
Above
market NUG contracts
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
|
42
|
|
Taxes
|
|
|
180
|
|
|
|
102
|
|
Interest
|
|
|
107
|
|
|
|
94
|
|
Deferred
revenue on PLR energy supply to affiliate
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
|
12
|
|
Price
risk management liabilities
|
|
|
1,063
|
|
|
|
421
|
|
Other
|
|
|
354
|
|
|
|
342
|
|
Total
Current Liabilities
|
|
|
2,659
|
|
|
|
2,034
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term
Debt
|
|
|
5,136
|
|
|
|
4,787
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred
Credits and Other Noncurrent Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred
income taxes and investment tax credits
|
|
|
1,381
|
|
|
|
1,413
|
|
Price
risk management liabilities
|
|
|
1,185
|
|
|
|
904
|
|
Accrued
pension obligations
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
|
23
|
|
Asset
retirement obligations
|
|
|
380
|
|
|
|
376
|
|
Above
market NUG contracts
|
|
|
23
|
|
|
|
29
|
|
Deferred
revenue on PLR energy supply to affiliate
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
|
12
|
|
Other
|
|
|
455
|
|
|
|
465
|
|
Total
Deferred Credits and Other Noncurrent Liabilities
|
|
|
3,452
|
|
|
|
3,222
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commitments
and Contingent Liabilities (Note 10)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Minority
Interest
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Member's
Equity
|
|
|
4,830
|
|
|
|
5,205
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Liabilities and Equity
|
|
$
|
16,096
|
|
|
$
|
15,267
|
|
|
The
accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an
integral part of the financial
statements.
|
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
INCOME
|
PPL
Electric Utilities Corporation and Subsidiaries
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Millions
of Dollars)
|
|
|
Three
Months Ended
March
31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
Operating
Revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail
electric
|
|
$
|
880
|
|
|
$
|
865
|
|
Wholesale
electric to affiliate
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
|
37
|
|
Total
|
|
|
908
|
|
|
|
902
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
Expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Energy
purchases
|
|
|
41
|
|
|
|
51
|
|
Energy
purchases from affiliate
|
|
|
489
|
|
|
|
481
|
|
Other
operation and maintenance
|
|
|
103
|
|
|
|
92
|
|
Amortization
of recoverable transition costs
|
|
|
76
|
|
|
|
81
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
|
32
|
|
Taxes,
other than income
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
|
54
|
|
Total
|
|
|
797
|
|
|
|
791
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating
Income
|
|
|
111
|
|
|
|
111
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
Income - net
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
Expense
|
|
|
26
|
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
Expense with Affiliate
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
Before Income Taxes
|
|
|
87
|
|
|
|
87
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
Taxes
|
|
|
31
|
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Income
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
|
57
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends
on Preferred Securities
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
Available to PPL
|
|
$
|
51
|
|
|
$
|
52
|
|
|
The
accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an
integral part of the financial
statements.
|
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH
FLOWS
|
PPL
Electric Utilities Corporation and Subsidiaries
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Millions
of Dollars)
|
|
|
Three
Months Ended
March
31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
Flows from Operating Activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
|
$
|
56
|
|
|
$
|
57
|
|
Adjustments
to reconcile net income to net cash (used in) provided by operating
activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
|
32
|
|
Amortization
- recoverable transition costs and other
|
|
|
82
|
|
|
|
86
|
|
Other
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
Change
in current assets and current liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts
receivable
|
|
|
(68
|
)
|
|
|
(46
|
)
|
Accounts
payable
|
|
|
(43
|
)
|
|
|
2
|
|
Prepayments
|
|
|
(115
|
)
|
|
|
(118
|
)
|
Other
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
Other
operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
assets
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
3
|
|
Other
liabilities
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
8
|
|
Net
cash (used in) provided by operating activities
|
|
|
(23
|
)
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
Flows from Investing Activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenditures
for property, plant and equipment
|
|
|
(58
|
)
|
|
|
(63
|
)
|
Purchases
of investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(32
|
)
|
Proceeds
from the sale of investments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
57
|
|
Net
decrease in note receivable from affiliate
|
|
|
277
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
(increase) decrease in restricted cash and cash
equivalents
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
5
|
|
Other
investing activities
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
Net
cash provided by (used in) investing activities
|
|
|
219
|
|
|
|
(30
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
Flows from Financing Activities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retirement
of long-term debt
|
|
|
(82
|
)
|
|
|
(80
|
)
|
Payment
of common dividends to PPL
|
|
|
(18
|
)
|
|
|
(40
|
)
|
Net
increase in short-term debt
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
29
|
|
Other
financing activities
|
|
|
(5
|
)
|
|
|
(5
|
)
|
Net
cash used in financing activities
|
|
|
(105
|
)
|
|
|
(96
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents
|
|
|
91
|
|
|
|
(96
|
)
|
Cash
and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period
|
|
|
33
|
|
|
|
150
|
|
Cash
and Cash Equivalents at End of Period
|
|
$
|
124
|
|
|
$
|
54
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an
integral part of the financial
statements.
|
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE
SHEETS
|
PPL
Electric Utilities Corporation and Subsidiaries
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Millions
of Dollars)
|
|
|
March
31,
2008
|
|
December
31,
2007
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
124
|
|
|
$
|
33
|
|
Restricted
cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
41
|
|
|
|
42
|
|
Accounts
receivable (less reserve: 2008, $19; 2007, $18)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Customer
|
|
|
250
|
|
|
|
197
|
|
Other
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
|
17
|
|
Unbilled
revenues
|
|
|
171
|
|
|
|
192
|
|
Accounts
receivable from affiliates
|
|
|
26
|
|
|
|
16
|
|
Note
receivable from affiliate
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
277
|
|
Prepayments
|
|
|
131
|
|
|
|
16
|
|
Prepayment
on PLR energy supply from affiliate
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
|
12
|
|
Other
|
|
|
51
|
|
|
|
53
|
|
Total
Current Assets
|
|
|
828
|
|
|
|
855
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property,
Plant and Equipment
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Electric
plant in service
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Transmission
and distribution
|
|
|
4,362
|
|
|
|
4,316
|
|
General
|
|
|
452
|
|
|
|
443
|
|
|
|
|
4,814
|
|
|
|
4,759
|
|
Construction
work in progress
|
|
|
99
|
|
|
|
114
|
|
Electric
plant
|
|
|
4,913
|
|
|
|
4,873
|
|
Other
property
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
4,915
|
|
|
|
4,875
|
|
Less: accumulated
depreciation
|
|
|
1,870
|
|
|
|
1,854
|
|
Total
Property, Plant and Equipment
|
|
|
3,045
|
|
|
|
3,021
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Regulatory
and Other Noncurrent Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Recoverable
transition costs
|
|
|
497
|
|
|
|
574
|
|
Intangibles
|
|
|
121
|
|
|
|
121
|
|
Prepayment
on PLR energy supply from affiliate
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
|
12
|
|
Taxes
recoverable through future rates
|
|
|
247
|
|
|
|
245
|
|
Other
|
|
|
159
|
|
|
|
158
|
|
Total
Regulatory and Other Noncurrent Assets
|
|
|
1,033
|
|
|
|
1,110
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Assets
|
|
$
|
4,906
|
|
|
$
|
4,986
|
|
|
The
accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an
integral part of the financial
statements.
|
CONDENSED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
|
PPL
Electric Utilities Corporation and Subsidiaries
|
(Unaudited)
|
(Millions
of Dollars)
|
|
|
March
31,
2008
|
|
December
31,
2007
|
Liabilities
and Equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Short-term
debt
|
|
$
|
41
|
|
|
$
|
41
|
|
Long-term
debt
|
|
|
313
|
|
|
|
395
|
|
Accounts
payable
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
|
59
|
|
Accounts
payable to affiliates
|
|
|
175
|
|
|
|
192
|
|
Taxes
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
|
44
|
|
Collateral
on PLR energy supply from affiliate
|
|
|
300
|
|
|
|
300
|
|
Other
|
|
|
94
|
|
|
|
107
|
|
Total
Current Liabilities
|
|
|
1,016
|
|
|
|
1,138
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term
Debt
|
|
|
1,279
|
|
|
|
1,279
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred
Credits and Other Noncurrent Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred
income taxes and investment tax credits
|
|
|
752
|
|
|
|
763
|
|
Other
|
|
|
239
|
|
|
|
220
|
|
Total
Deferred Credits and Other Noncurrent Liabilities
|
|
|
991
|
|
|
|
983
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commitments
and Contingent Liabilities (Note 10)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shareowners'
Equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred
securities
|
|
|
301
|
|
|
|
301
|
|
Common
stock - no par value (a)
|
|
|
364
|
|
|
|
364
|
|
Additional
paid-in capital
|
|
|
424
|
|
|
|
424
|
|
Earnings
reinvested
|
|
|
531
|
|
|
|
497
|
|
Total
Shareowners' Equity
|
|
|
1,620
|
|
|
|
1,586
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
Liabilities and Equity
|
|
$
|
4,906
|
|
|
$
|
4,986
|
|
(a)
|
|
170
million shares authorized; 66 million shares issued and outstanding at
March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007.
|
|
The
accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an
integral part of the financial
statements.
|
Combined
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
Terms and
abbreviations appearing in Combined Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements are explained in the glossary. Dollars are in millions,
except per share data, unless otherwise noted.
1.
|
Interim
Financial Statements
|
(PPL,
PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)
The
accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been
prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S.
for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and
Article 10 of Regulation S-X and, therefore, do not include all of the
information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted
in the U.S. for complete financial statements. In the opinion of
management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation in
accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. are
reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements. All
adjustments are of a normal recurring nature, except as otherwise
disclosed. The Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2007, are
derived from each Registrant's 2007 audited Balance Sheet. The
financial statements and notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the
financial statements and notes contained in each Registrant's 2007 Form
10-K. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31,
2008, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full
year ending December 31, 2008, or other future periods, because results for
interim periods can be disproportionately influenced by various factors and
developments and seasonal variations.
The
classification of certain prior period amounts has been changed to conform to
the presentation in the March 31, 2008 financial statements.
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
PPL is in
the process of selling its natural gas distribution and propane
businesses. On the Statements of Income, the operating results of the
natural gas distribution and propane businesses for the three months ended March
31, 2008 and 2007, are classified as Discontinued
Operations. Discontinued Operations for the three months ended March
31, 2008 and March 31, 2007, also include the results of Latin American
operations that were discontinued during 2007. At March 31, 2008
and December 31, 2007, the assets and liabilities related to the natural gas
distribution and propane businesses are reflected in the Balance Sheets as held
for sale. See Note 8 for additional information. The
Statements of Cash Flows do not separately report the cash flows of the
Discontinued Operations.
2.
|
Summary
of Significant Accounting Policies
|
(PPL,
PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)
The
following accounting policy disclosures represent updates to the "Summary of
Significant Accounting Policies" Note in each Registrant's 2007 Form 10-K and
should be read in conjunction with that discussion.
Price
Risk Management
Master Netting
Arrangements
As
permitted by FIN 39, PPL and its subsidiaries have elected not to offset net
derivative positions in the financial statements. Accordingly, PPL
and its subsidiaries do not offset such derivative positions against the fair
value of amounts (or amounts that approximate fair value) recognized for the
right to reclaim cash collateral (a receivable) or the obligation to return cash
collateral (a payable) under master netting arrangements.
PPL's and
PPL Energy Supply's obligation to return counterparty collateral under master
netting arrangements was $54 million at March 31, 2008 and $21 million at
December 31, 2007.
PPL
Electric's obligation to return cash collateral to PPL Energy Supply under
master netting arrangements was $300 million at March 31, 2008 and December 31,
2007. See Note 11 for additional information.
PPL has
not posted any cash collateral under master netting arrangements.
New
Accounting Standards Adopted
SFAS 157, as
amended
In
September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 157, which provides a definition of fair
value as well as a framework for measuring fair value. In addition,
SFAS 157 expands the fair value disclosure requirements of other accounting
pronouncements to require, among other things, disclosure of the methods and
assumptions used to measure fair value as well as the earnings impact of certain
fair value measurement techniques. SFAS 157 excludes from its scope
fair value measurements related to stock-based compensation. See Note
13 for additional information and related disclosures.
In
February 2008, the FASB amended SFAS 157 through the issuance of FSP FAS 157-1
and FSP FAS 157-2. FSP FAS 157-1 was effective upon the initial
adoption of SFAS 157 and amends SFAS 157 to exclude from its scope, certain
accounting pronouncements that address fair value measurements associated with
leases. FSP FAS 157-2 was effective upon issuance and delays the
effective date of SFAS 157 to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008,
for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities that are not recognized or
disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at
least annually).
PPL and
its subsidiaries adopted SFAS 157, as amended, prospectively, effective January
1, 2008. Limited retrospective application for financial instruments
that were previously measured at fair value in accordance with footnote 3 of
EITF Issue No. 02-3 was not required. The January 1, 2008 adoption
did not have a significant impact on PPL and its subsidiaries. As
permitted by this guidance, PPL and its subsidiaries will apply SFAS 157, as
amended, prospectively effective January 1, 2009, to nonfinancial assets and
nonfinancial liabilities that are not recognized or disclosed at fair value in
the financial statements on a recurring basis. PPL and its
subsidiaries are in the process of evaluating the impact of applying SFAS 157,
as amended, to these items. The potential impact of this application
is not yet determinable, but it could be material.
Since PPL
and PPL Energy Supply elected to defer the effective date of SFAS 157, as
amended, for eligible assets and liabilities, the provisions of this standard
were not applied to intangible assets acquired during the three months ended
March 31, 2008. PPL Electric's election to defer the effective date
of this standard for eligible assets and liabilities had no impact on its 2008
financial statements.
SFAS 159
In
February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 159, which provides entities with an option
to measure, upon adoption of this standard and at specified election dates,
certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value, including
available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities, as well as other eligible
items. The fair value option (i) may be applied on an
instrument-by-instrument basis, with a few exceptions, (ii) is irrevocable
(unless a new election date occurs), and (iii) is applied to an entire
instrument and not to only specified risks, cash flows, or portions of that
instrument. An entity shall report unrealized gains and losses on
items for which the fair value option has been elected in earnings at each
subsequent reporting date.
SFAS 159
also establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate
comparisons between similar assets and liabilities measured using different
attributes. Upon adoption of SFAS 159, an entity may elect the fair
value option for eligible items that exist at that date and must report the
effect of the first remeasurement to fair value as a cumulative-effect
adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings.
PPL and
its subsidiaries adopted SFAS 159 effective January 1, 2008. PPL
and its subsidiaries did not elect the fair value option for eligible
items. Therefore, the January 1, 2008 adoption did not have an impact
on PPL and its subsidiaries.
New
Accounting Standards Pending Adoption
See Note
18 for a discussion of new accounting standards pending adoption.
3.
|
Segment
and Related Information
|
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
See the
"Segment and Related Information" Note in each Registrant's 2007 Form 10-K for a
discussion of reportable segments.
Financial
data for the segments are:
|
|
Three
Months Ended March 31,
|
|
|
PPL
|
|
PPL
Energy Supply
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
Income
Statement Data
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues
from external customers
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supply
|
|
$
|
397
|
|
|
$
|
455
|
|
|
$
|
884
|
|
|
$
|
934
|
|
International
Delivery
|
|
|
250
|
|
|
|
226
|
|
|
|
250
|
|
|
|
226
|
|
Pennsylvania
Delivery
|
|
|
879
|
|
|
|
865
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,526
|
|
|
|
1,546
|
|
|
|
1,134
|
|
|
|
1,160
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intersegment
revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supply
|
|
|
489
|
|
|
|
481
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pennsylvania
Delivery
|
|
|
29
|
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supply
|
|
|
102
|
|
|
|
117
|
|
|
|
106
|
|
|
|
119
|
|
International
Delivery (a)
|
|
|
98
|
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
|
98
|
|
|
|
28
|
|
Pennsylvania
Delivery (a)
|
|
|
60
|
|
|
|
58
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
260
|
|
|
$
|
203
|
|
|
$
|
204
|
|
|
$
|
147
|
|
|
|
PPL
|
|
PPL
Energy Supply
|
|
|
March
31,
2008
|
|
December
31,
2007
|
|
March
31,
2008
|
|
December
31,
2007
|
Balance
Sheet Data
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supply
|
|
$
|
10,559
|
|
|
$
|
9,231
|
|
|
$
|
10,632
|
|
|
$
|
9,628
|
|
International
Delivery
|
|
|
5,464
|
|
|
|
5,639
|
|
|
|
5,464
|
|
|
|
5,639
|
|
Pennsylvania
Delivery
|
|
|
5,032
|
|
|
|
5,102
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
21,055
|
|
|
$
|
19,972
|
|
|
$
|
16,096
|
|
|
$
|
15,267
|
|
(a)
|
|
Both
periods include the results of Discontinued Operations. See
Note 8 for additional information.
|
(PPL)
Basic EPS
is calculated using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding
during the period. Diluted EPS is calculated using the
weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period,
increased for additional shares that would be outstanding if potentially
dilutive securities were converted to common shares. Potentially
dilutive securities consist of:
·
|
stock
options, restricted stock and restricted stock units granted under the
incentive compensation plans;
|
·
|
stock
units representing common stock granted under the directors compensation
programs; and
|
·
|
convertible
senior notes.
|
The basic
and diluted EPS calculations, and the reconciliation of the shares (in
thousands) used in the calculations, are:
|
|
Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
Income
(Numerator)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from continuing operations
|
|
$
|
246
|
|
|
$
|
221
|
|
Income
(Loss) from discontinued operations (net of income taxes)
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
(18
|
)
|
Net
Income
|
|
$
|
260
|
|
|
$
|
203
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
(Denominator)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
for Basic EPS
|
|
|
372,782
|
|
|
|
384,793
|
|
Add incremental
shares:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Convertible
Senior Notes
|
|
|
1,084
|
|
|
|
1,354
|
|
Restricted
stock, stock options and other share-based awards
|
|
|
2,736
|
|
|
|
3,021
|
|
Shares
for Diluted EPS
|
|
|
376,602
|
|
|
|
389,168
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic
EPS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from continuing operations
|
|
$
|
0.66
|
|
|
$
|
0.58
|
|
Income
(Loss) from discontinued operations (net of income taxes)
|
|
|
0.04
|
|
|
|
(0.05
|
)
|
Net
Income
|
|
$
|
0.70
|
|
|
$
|
0.53
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted
EPS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income
from continuing operations
|
|
$
|
0.65
|
|
|
$
|
0.57
|
|
Income
(Loss) from discontinued operations (net of income taxes)
|
|
|
0.04
|
|
|
|
(0.05
|
)
|
Net
Income
|
|
$
|
0.69
|
|
|
$
|
0.52
|
|
If
converted, PPL Energy Supply's 2-5/8% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023
(Convertible Senior Notes) require cash settlement of the principal amount
and permit settlement of any conversion premium in cash or PPL common
stock. Based upon the current conversion rate of 40.2212 shares per
$1,000 principal amount of notes (or $24.8625 per share), the Convertible Senior
Notes have a dilutive impact when the average market price of PPL common stock
equals or exceeds $24.87.
See Note
7 for discussion of attainment of the market price trigger related to the
Convertible Senior Notes and related conversions during 2008.
At March
31, 2008, $48 million of Convertible Senior Notes remained
outstanding. The maximum number of shares of PPL common stock that
could potentially be issued to settle the conversion premium, based upon the
current conversion rate, was 1,934,479 shares. Based on PPL's common
stock price at March 31, 2008, the conversion premium equated to 887,092 shares
of PPL common stock, or $41 million.
During
the three months ended March 31, 2008, PPL issued 365,817 shares of common stock
related to the exercise of stock options, vesting of restricted stock and
restricted stock units and conversion of stock units granted to directors under
its stock-based compensation plans.
No stock
options to purchase PPL common shares were excluded in the respective periods'
computations of diluted EPS because the effect would have been
antidilutive.
(PPL,
PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)
Reconciliations
of effective income tax rates are:
|
|
Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
|
PPL
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconciliation
of Income Tax Expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Federal
income tax on Income from Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes,
Minority Interest and Dividends on Preferred Securities of a Subsidiary at
statutory tax rate - 35%
|
|
$
|
133
|
|
|
$
|
104
|
|
Increase
(decrease) due to:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
State
income taxes
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
Amortization
of investment tax credits
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
Federal
income tax credits (a)
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
|
(26
|
)
|
Difference
related to income recognition of foreign affiliates (net of foreign income
taxes)
|
|
|
(8
|
)
|
|
|
(9
|
)
|
Change
in foreign tax reserves (b)
|
|
|
(12
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Stranded
cost securitization (b)
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
Other
(b)
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
|
(4
|
)
|
|
|
(35
|
)
|
Total
income tax expense from continuing operations
|
|
$
|
129
|
|
|
$
|
69
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effective
income tax rate
|
|
|
33.9%
|
|
|
|
23.3%
|
|
(a)
|
|
In
March 2008, PPL recorded income tax expense of $13 million to adjust the
amount of synthetic fuel tax credits recorded during 2007. See
Note 10 for additional information.
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
|
For
the three months ended March 31, 2008, PPL recorded a $10 million benefit
related to income tax reserve changes, which consisted of a $12 million
benefit reflected in "Change in foreign tax reserves" and a $1 million
benefit reflected in "Stranded cost securitization," offset by a $3
million expense reflected in "Other."
For
the three months ended March 31, 2007, PPL recorded a $1 million expense
related to income tax reserve changes, which consisted of a $2 million
expense reflected in "Other," offset by a $1 million benefit reflected in
"Stranded cost securitization."
|
|
|
Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
|
PPL Energy
Supply
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconciliation
of Income Tax Expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Federal
income tax on Income from Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes and
Minority Interest at statutory tax rate - 35%
|
|
$
|
106
|
|
|
$
|
76
|
|
Increase
(decrease) due to:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
State
income taxes (a)
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
Amortization
of investment tax credits
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
Federal
income tax credits (b)
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
|
(26
|
)
|
Difference
related to income recognition of foreign affiliates (net of foreign income
taxes)
|
|
|
(8
|
)
|
|
|
(9
|
)
|
Change
in foreign tax reserves (a)
|
|
|
(12
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Other
(a)
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
(32
|
)
|
Total
income tax expense from continuing operations
|
|
$
|
105
|
|
|
$
|
44
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effective
income tax rate
|
|
|
34.5%
|
|
|
|
20.3%
|
|
(a)
|
|
For
the three months ended March 31, 2008, PPL Energy Supply recorded a $9
million benefit related to income tax reserve changes, which consisted of
a $12 million benefit reflected in "Change in foreign tax reserves" and a
$1 million benefit reflected in "State income taxes," offset by a $4
million expense reflected in "Other."
For
the three months ended March 31, 2007, PPL Energy Supply recorded a $2
million expense related to income tax reserve changes, which consisted of
a $2 million expense reflected in "Other," offset by an insignificant
amount in "State income taxes."
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
|
In
March 2008, PPL Energy Supply recorded income tax expense of $13 million
to adjust the amount of synthetic fuel tax credits recorded during
2007. See Note 10 for additional
information.
|
|
|
Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
|
PPL
Electric
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconciliation
of Income Tax Expense
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Federal
income tax on Income Before Income Taxes at statutory tax rate -
35%
|
|
$
|
30
|
|
|
$
|
30
|
|
Increase
(decrease) due to:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
State
income taxes
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
Amortization
of investment tax credits
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
Stranded
cost securitization (a)
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
Other
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
income tax expense
|
|
$
|
31
|
|
|
$
|
30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effective
income tax rate
|
|
|
35.6%
|
|
|
|
34.5%
|
|
(a)
|
|
For
the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, PPL Electric recorded a $1
million benefit related to state income tax reserve
changes.
|
Unrecognized
Tax Benefits
(PPL,
PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)
Changes
to unrecognized tax benefits during the three months ended March 31, 2008, were
as follows:
|
|
PPL
|
|
PPL
Energy Supply
|
|
PPL
Electric
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
at December 31, 2007 (a)
|
|
$
|
204
|
|
|
$
|
130
|
|
|
$
|
68
|
|
Additions
based on tax positions of prior years
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17
|
|
Reduction
based on tax positions of prior years
|
|
|
(10
|
)
|
|
|
(7
|
)
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
Additions
based on tax positions related to the current year
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
Settlements
|
|
|
(12
|
)
|
|
|
(12
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Lapse
of applicable statues of limitations
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
Effects
of foreign currency translation
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
at March 31, 2008
|
|
$
|
200
|
|
|
$
|
111
|
|
|
$
|
83
|
|
(a)
|
|
PPL
and PPL Energy Supply include a $15 million adjustment to exclude
recognized uncertain tax positions from unrecognized tax
benefits.
|
Changes
to unrecognized tax benefits during the three months ended March 31, 2007 were
insignificant.
At March
31, 2008, the total unrecognized tax benefits and related indirect effects that
if recognized would decrease the effective tax rate were:
|
|
PPL
|
|
PPL
Energy Supply
|
|
PPL
Electric
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
unrecognized tax benefits
|
|
$
|
200
|
|
|
$
|
111
|
|
|
$
|
83
|
|
Unrecognized
tax benefits associated with taxable or deductible temporary
differences
|
|
|
(26
|
)
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
(28
|
)
|
Unrecognized
tax benefits associated with business combinations (a)
|
|
|
(18
|
)
|
|
|
(18
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Total
indirect effect of unrecognized tax benefits on other tax
jurisdictions
|
|
|
(40
|
)
|
|
|
(11
|
)
|
|
|
(28
|
)
|
Total
unrecognized tax benefits and related indirect effects that if recognized
would decrease the effective tax rate
|
|
$
|
116
|
|
|
$
|
84
|
|
|
$
|
27
|
|
(a)
|
|
Upon
adoption, effective January 1, 2009, SFAS 141(R) will require changes in
unrecognized tax benefits associated with business combinations to be
recognized in tax expense rather than in goodwill. These
amounts do not consider the impact of SFAS 141(R) as it is not applicable
until 2009.
|
At March
31, 2008, it was reasonably possible that during the next 12 months the total
amount of unrecognized tax benefits could increase by as much as $18 million or
decrease by up to $73 million for PPL, increase by as much as $12 million or
decrease by up to $57 million for PPL Energy Supply and decrease by up to $9
million for PPL Electric. These increases and decreases could result
from subsequent recognition, derecognition and/or changes in measurement of
uncertain tax positions related to the creditability of foreign taxes, the
timing and utilization of foreign tax credits and the related impact on
alternative minimum tax and other credits, the timing and/or valuation of
certain deductions, intercompany transactions and unitary filing
groups. The events that could cause these changes are direct
settlements with taxing authorities, litigation, legal or administrative
guidance by relevant taxing authorities and the lapse of an applicable statute
of limitation.
At March
31, 2008, PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric had accrued interest related
to tax positions of $30 million, $24 million and $6 million.
PPL and
its subsidiaries recognize interest and penalties in "Income Taxes" on their
Statements of Income. During the three months ended March 31,
2008, PPL and PPL Energy Supply recognized a net benefit of $1 million and $3
million from the accrual of additional interest and reversal of accrued
interest, primarily related to the lapse of statutes of limitations, settlements
or reductions based on tax positions of prior years. During the three
months ended March 31, 2008, PPL Electric recognized net expense of $2 million
from the accrual of additional interest and reversal of accrued interest,
primarily related to additions based on tax positions of prior
years. For the three months ended March 31, 2007, these amounts were
insignificant for PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric.
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
The
after-tax components of comprehensive income are:
|
Three
Months Ended March 31,
|
|
PPL
|
|
PPL
Energy Supply
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
Income
|
$
|
260
|
|
|
$
|
203
|
|
|
$
|
204
|
|
|
$
|
147
|
|
Other
comprehensive income:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign
currency translation adjustments
|
|
(59
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(59
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Defined
benefit plans amortization:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prior
service cost
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
Net
actuarial gain
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
10
|
|
Net
unrealized (loss) gain on available-for-sale
securities
|
|
(13
|
)
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
(13
|
)
|
|
|
1
|
|
Net
unrealized (loss) gain on qualifying derivatives
|
|
(26
|
)
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
|
(21
|
)
|
|
|
33
|
|
Total
other comprehensive (loss) income
|
|
(92
|
)
|
|
|
47
|
|
|
|
(87
|
)
|
|
|
47
|
|
Comprehensive
Income
|
$
|
168
|
|
|
$
|
250
|
|
|
$
|
117
|
|
|
$
|
194
|
|
(PPL
Electric)
PPL
Electric's comprehensive income approximates net income.
7.
|
Credit
Arrangements and Financing
Activities
|
Credit
Arrangements
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
PPL
Energy Supply maintains credit facilities in order to enhance liquidity and
provide credit support, and as a backstop to its commercial paper
program.
In March
2008, PPL Energy Supply increased the capacity of its 364-day reimbursement
agreement from $200 million to $300 million and extended the expiration date of
the agreement to March 2009. Under the agreement, PPL Energy Supply
can cause the bank to issue up to $300 million of letters of credit but cannot
make cash borrowings. At March 31, 2008, there were $115 million
of letters of credit outstanding under this agreement.
PPL
Energy Supply maintains a $3.4 billion five-year credit facility that expires in
June 2012. PPL Energy Supply has the ability to cause the lenders
under this facility to issue letters of credit. At March 31, 2008,
there were no cash borrowings and $470 million of letters of credit outstanding
under this facility.
PPL
Energy Supply also maintains a $300 million five-year letter of credit and
revolving credit facility expiring in March 2011. At March 31, 2008,
there were no cash borrowings and $197 million of letters of credit outstanding
under this facility. PPL Energy Supply's obligations under this
facility are supported by a $300 million letter of credit issued on PPL Energy
Supply's behalf under a separate $300 million five-year letter of credit and
reimbursement agreement, also expiring in March 2011.
PPL
Energy Supply maintains a commercial paper program for up to $500 million to
provide an additional financing source to fund its short-term liquidity needs,
if and when necessary. Commercial paper issuances are supported by
PPL Energy Supply's $3.4 billion five-year credit facility. PPL
Energy Supply had no commercial paper outstanding at March 31,
2008.
In
January 2008, WPDH Limited extended the expiration date of its £150 million
(approximately $298 million) five-year committed credit facility to January
2013, and it has the option to extend the expiration date by another year in
January 2009. WPD (South West) maintains a £150 million
(approximately $298 million) five-year committed credit facility that expires in
October 2009 and uncommitted credit facilities of £65 million (approximately
$129 million). There were no cash borrowings outstanding under any of
WPD's credit facilities at March 31, 2008.
(PPL
and PPL Electric)
PPL
Electric maintains credit facilities in order to enhance liquidity and provide
credit support, and as a backstop to its commercial paper program.
PPL
Electric maintains a $200 million five-year credit facility that expires in May
2012. PPL Electric has the ability to cause the lenders under this
facility to issue letters of credit. PPL Electric had no cash
borrowings and an insignificant amount of letters of credit outstanding under
this facility at March 31, 2008.
PPL
Electric maintains a commercial paper program for up to $200 million to provide
an additional financing source to fund its short-term liquidity needs, if and
when necessary. Commercial paper issuances are supported by PPL
Electric's $200 million five-year credit facility. PPL Electric had
no commercial paper outstanding at March 31, 2008.
At March
31, 2008, $156 million of accounts receivable and $152 million of unbilled
revenue were pledged by a PPL Electric subsidiary under the credit agreement
related to PPL Electric's and the subsidiary's participation in an asset-backed
commercial paper program. Also at this date, there was $41 million of
short-term debt outstanding under the credit agreement at an interest rate of
3.04%, all of which was being used to cash collateralize letters of credit
issued on PPL Electric's behalf. The funds used to cash collateralize
the letters of credit are reported in "Restricted cash and cash equivalents" on
the Balance Sheet. At March 31, 2008, based on the accounts
receivable and unbilled revenue pledged, an additional $109 million was
available for borrowing. PPL Electric's sale to its subsidiary of the
accounts receivable and unbilled revenue is an absolute sale of the assets, and
PPL Electric does not retain an interest in these assets. However,
for financial reporting purposes, the subsidiary's financial results are
consolidated in PPL Electric's financial statements. The credit
agreement governing the asset-backed commercial paper program expires in July
2008.
(PPL,
PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)
The
subsidiaries of PPL are separate legal entities. PPL's subsidiaries
are not liable for the debts of PPL. Accordingly, creditors of PPL
may not satisfy their debts from the assets of the subsidiaries absent a
specific contractual undertaking by a subsidiary to pay PPL's creditors or as
required by applicable law or regulation. Similarly, absent a
specific contractual undertaking or as required by applicable law or regulation,
PPL is not liable for the debts of its subsidiaries. Accordingly,
creditors of PPL's subsidiaries may not satisfy their debts from the assets of
PPL absent a specific contractual undertaking by PPL to pay the creditors of its
subsidiaries or as required by applicable law or regulation.
Similarly,
the subsidiaries of PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric are separate legal
entities. These subsidiaries are not liable for the debts of PPL
Energy Supply and PPL Electric. Accordingly, creditors of PPL Energy
Supply and PPL Electric may not satisfy their debts from the assets of their
subsidiaries absent a specific contractual undertaking by a subsidiary to pay
the creditors or as required by applicable law or regulation. In
addition, absent a specific contractual undertaking or as required by applicable
law or regulation, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric are not liable for the
debts of their subsidiaries. Accordingly, creditors of these
subsidiaries may not satisfy their debts from the assets of PPL Energy Supply or
PPL Electric absent a specific contractual undertaking by that parent to pay the
creditors of its subsidiaries or as required by applicable law or
regulation.
Financing
Activities
(PPL)
In March
2007, PPL and PPL Capital Funding entered into a Replacement Capital Covenant in
connection with the issuance of PPL Capital Funding's 2007 Series A Junior
Subordinated Notes due 2067. In March 2008, there was a redesignation
of the series of covered debt benefiting from such Replacement Capital
Covenant. Effective March 1, 2008, PPL Capital Funding's 4.33% Notes
Exchange Series A due March 2009 ceased being the covered debt and PPL Capital
Funding's 6.85% Senior Notes due 2047 became the covered debt benefiting from
the Replacement Capital Covenant.
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
In March
2008, PPL Energy Supply issued $400 million of 6.50% Senior Notes due 2018 (the
Notes). The Notes may be redeemed any time prior to maturity at PPL
Energy Supply's option at make-whole redemption prices. PPL Energy
Supply received proceeds of $396 million, net of a discount and underwriting
fees, from the issuance of the Notes. The proceeds have been used for
general corporate purposes, including capital expenditures relating to the
installation of pollution control equipment by PPL Energy Supply
subsidiaries.
The terms
of PPL Energy Supply's 2-5/8% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023 (Convertible
Senior Notes) include a market price trigger that permits holders to convert the
notes during any fiscal quarter if the closing sale price of PPL's common stock
exceeds $29.83 for at least 20 trading days in the 30 consecutive trading days
ending on the last trading day of the preceding fiscal
quarter. Holders of the Convertible Senior Notes were entitled to
convert their notes any time during the first quarter of 2008 and are also
entitled to convert their notes any time during the second quarter of 2008, as a
result of the market price trigger being met. When holders elect to
convert the Convertible Senior Notes, PPL Energy Supply is required to settle
the principal amount in cash and any conversion premium in cash or PPL common
stock. During the first quarter of 2008, Convertible Senior Notes in
an aggregate principal amount of $9 million were presented for
conversion. The total conversion premium related to these conversions
was $7 million, which was settled with 158,945 shares of PPL common stock, along
with an insignificant amount of cash in lieu of fractional
shares. After such conversions, approximately $48 million of
Convertible Senior Notes remain outstanding.
The
holders of the Convertible Senior Notes have the right to require PPL Energy
Supply to purchase all or any part (equal to $1,000 principal amount or an
integral multiple thereof) of the Convertible Senior Notes on May 15, 2008 at
100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon as of
such date. Additionally, in April 2008, the holders were notified
that PPL Energy Supply is calling for redemption on May 20, 2008 all outstanding
Convertible Senior Notes at 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and
unpaid interest thereon as of such date. The Convertible Senior Notes
are subject to conversion at the election of the holders any time prior to May
20, 2008.
In April
2008, PPL Energy Supply elected to change the interest rate mode on the Exempt
Facilities Revenue Bonds, Series 2007 due 2037 (the Bonds) that were issued by
the Pennsylvania Economic Development Financing Authority on behalf of PPL
Energy Supply in December 2007. The interest rate mode was converted
from a rate that was reset daily through daily remarketing of the Bonds to a
term rate of 1.80% for one year. In connection with this change, the
letter of credit supporting the Bonds was modified accordingly.
(PPL
and PPL Electric)
During
the three months ended March 31, 2008, PPL Transition Bond Company made
principal payments on transition bonds of $82 million.
Common Stock Repurchase Program
(PPL)
In June
2007, PPL's Board of Directors authorized the repurchase by PPL of up to $750
million of its common stock. Through March 31, 2008, a total of
15,732,708 shares were repurchased for $750 million, excluding related fees,
under the plan. This includes the purchases of 802,816 shares of its
common stock for $38 million in 2008. These purchases were primarily
recorded as a reduction to "Capital in excess of par value" on the Balance
Sheet.
Distributions
and Capital Contributions
(PPL)
In
February 2008, PPL announced an increase to its quarterly common stock dividend,
effective April 1, 2008, to 33.5 cents per share (equivalent to $1.34 per
annum). Future dividends, declared at the discretion of the Board of
Directors, will be dependent upon future earnings, cash flows, financial
requirements and other factors.
(PPL
Energy Supply)
During
the three months ended March 31, 2008, PPL Energy Supply distributed $492
million to its parent company, PPL Energy Funding.
(PPL
Electric)
During
the three months ended March 31, 2008, PPL Electric paid common stock dividends
of $18 million to PPL.
8.
|
Acquisitions,
Development and Divestitures
|
(PPL,
PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)
PPL
continuously evaluates strategic options for its business segments and, from
time to time, PPL and its subsidiaries are involved in negotiations with third
parties regarding acquisitions and dispositions of businesses and assets, joint
ventures and development projects, which may or may not result in definitive
agreements. Any such transactions may impact future financial
results.
Domestic
Development
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
In
December 2007, PPL announced that a subsidiary will ask the NRC to approve a
COLA for a nuclear generating unit adjacent to the Susquehanna
plant. NRC acceptance of the COLA by December 2008 would meet the
first requirement to qualify for federal production tax credits and loan
guarantees, as provided under the Energy Policy Act of 2005. Requests
have also been filed with PJM for transmission feasibility and system impact
studies. PPL has contracted with UniStar Nuclear Services, LLC, an
affiliate of UniStar Nuclear Energy, LLC, a joint venture between Constellation
Energy Nuclear Group, LLC and EDF Development, Inc., to prepare the
application. The facility for which the application will be submitted
will be based on the U.S. Evolutionary Power Reactor design developed by AREVA
NP, Inc. and its affiliates. PPL is currently authorized to spend
approximately $90 million on the COLA, most of which would be incurred by the
end of 2008. PPL has made no decision to proceed with development and
construction of another nuclear unit and expects that such decision could take
as long as four years given an anticipated lengthy approval
process. These cost estimates do not reflect any construction
expenditures, nor do they represent a commitment to
build. Additionally, PPL has announced that it would likely only
proceed to construction in a joint-venture arrangement. Through March
31, 2008, $22 million of costs associated with the licensing effort were
capitalized, as PPL deems it probable that upon receiving approval of the COLA
from the NRC, it would build the unit, sell the COLA rights to another party or
contribute the COLA to a joint venture.
(PPL
and PPL Electric)
In June
2007, PJM approved the construction of a new 130-mile, 500-kilovolt transmission
line between the Susquehanna substation in Pennsylvania and the Roseland
substation in New Jersey that has been identified as essential to long-term
reliability of the mid-Atlantic electricity grid. PJM determined that
the line is needed to prevent potential overloads that could occur in the next
decade on several existing transmission lines in the interconnected PJM
system. PJM has directed PPL Electric to construct the portion of the
Susquehanna-Roseland line in Pennsylvania and has directed Public Service
Electric & Gas Company (PSE&G) to construct the portion of the line in
New Jersey by June 1, 2012. PPL Electric's estimated share is between
$300 million and $500 million. PPL Electric's capital projections
currently include approximately $320 million for the new transmission line,
which will require certain regulatory approvals.
In
December 2007, PPL Electric and PSE&G filed a joint petition for a
declaratory order with the FERC requesting approval of transmission rate
incentives for the Susquehanna-Roseland transmission line. The
companies requested: (1) an additional 1.5% allowed rate of return on
equity; (2) recognition of construction work in progress in rate base; (3)
recovery of all costs if the project is cancelled; and (4) an additional 0.5%
allowed rate of return on equity for membership in PJM. In April
2008, the FERC approved the filing and granted all of the requested incentives
except that the allowed rate of return on equity was approved at
1.25%.
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
Sale of Telecommunication
Operations
In the
first quarter of 2007, PPL completed a review of strategic options for the
transport operations of its domestic telecommunications subsidiary, which
offered fiber optic capacity to other telecommunications companies and
enterprise customers. The operating results of this subsidiary were
included in the Supply segment. Due to a combination of significant
capital requirements for the telecommunication operations and competing capital
needs in PPL's core electricity supply and delivery businesses, PPL decided to
actively market these telecommunication operations. As a result, PPL
and PPL Energy Supply recorded an initial impairment of $31 million ($18 million
after tax) of the telecommunication assets based on their estimated fair
value. The impairment is included in "Energy-related businesses"
expenses on the Statement of Income. The transport operations did not meet
the criteria for discontinued operations presentation on the Statement of Income
because there were not separate and distinguishable cash flows, among other
factors.
In May
2007, PPL reached a definitive agreement to sell its telecommunication
operations. In the second quarter of 2007, PPL and PPL Energy Supply
recorded an additional impairment of $3 million ($2 million after
tax). In August 2007, PPL completed the sale of its telecommunication
operations and recorded an additional impairment of $5 million ($3 million after
tax). PPL realized net proceeds of $47 million from the
sale.
Acquisition of a Long-term
Tolling Agreement
In April
2008, PPL EnergyPlus entered into a purchase and sale agreement for the
acquisition of rights to the capacity and energy of a 664 MW natural gas-fired
power plant in Lebanon, Pennsylvania. PPL EnergyPlus agreed to
acquire a long-term tolling agreement, under which PPL EnergyPlus will
compensate the present owner-operator for generating electricity at the plant
with natural gas supplied by PPL EnergyPlus. The tolling agreement
extends through 2021. The transaction is subject to various
regulatory approvals, including approval from the FERC.
International
Sales
In 2005,
WPD effectively sold an equity investment by transferring substantially all
risks and rewards of ownership of the two subsidiaries that held the
investment. The gain was deferred until WPD's continuing involvement
in the subsidiaries ceased. In the first quarter of 2007, PPL Global
recognized a pre-tax gain of $5 million as WPD's involvement
ceased. This gain is included in "Other Income - net" on the
Statements of Income.
Other
In 2000,
WPD acquired Hyder. Subsequently, WPD sold the majority of Hyder's
non-electricity delivery businesses and placed the remaining companies in
liquidation. WPD has periodically received distributions related to
these ongoing liquidations. These distributions are included in
"Other Income - net" on the Statements of Income (as detailed in Note
12). The Hyder non-electricity delivery businesses are substantially
liquidated at March 31, 2008. WPD continues to operate the former
Hyder electricity delivery business, now WPD (South Wales).
Discontinued
Operations
Sale of Latin American
Businesses
In March
2007, PPL completed a review of strategic options for its Latin American
businesses and announced its intention to sell its regulated electricity
delivery businesses in Chile, El Salvador and Bolivia, which were included in
the International Delivery segment.
In April
2007, PPL agreed to sell its Bolivian businesses and recorded an impairment in
the first quarter of 2007 of $34 million, or $17 million after tax, to reflect
the estimated fair value of the businesses at the date the agreement was
reached. In the second and third quarters of 2007, additional pre-
and after-tax impairments of $2 million and $1 million were recorded primarily
to offset each period's earnings. This sale was completed in July
2007.
In May
2007, PPL completed the sale of its El Salvadoran business for $180 million in
cash. PPL recorded a gain of $94 million, or $89 million after tax,
as a result of the sale.
In
November 2007, PPL completed the sale of its Chilean business for $660 million
in cash. PPL recorded a gain of $306 million, or $197 million after
tax, as a result of the sale.
PPL
Global expects to recognize income tax adjustments and incur expenses in 2008 as
the remaining Latin American holding companies are dissolved.
In
accordance with SFAS 144, the results of operations for the three months ended
March 31, 2008 and 2007, have been classified as Discontinued Operations on the
Statements of Income. Following are the components of Discontinued
Operations on the Statements of Income.
|
|
Three
Months Ended
March
31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
Operating
revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
155
|
|
Operating
expenses (a)
|
|
$
|
2
|
|
|
|
169
|
|
Operating
loss
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
(14
|
)
|
Other
income – net
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
3
|
|
Interest
expense (b)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
Loss
before income taxes and minority interest
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
|
|
(16
|
)
|
Income
tax (benefit) expense (c) (d)
|
|
|
(8
|
)
|
|
|
7
|
|
Minority
interest
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
Income
(Loss) from Discontinued Operations
|
|
$
|
5
|
|
|
$
|
(25
|
)
|
(a)
|
|
2007
includes the impairment of the carrying value of the Bolivian
businesses.
|
(b)
|
|
2007
includes $2 million of interest expense allocated pursuant to
EITF 87-24 based on the discontinued operation's share of the net
assets of PPL Energy Supply.
|
(c)
|
|
2007
includes U.S. deferred tax charges of $18 million. As a result
of PPL's decision to sell its Latin American businesses, it no longer
qualified for the permanently reinvested exception to recording deferred
taxes pursuant to APB Opinion No. 23.
|
(d)
|
|
2008
includes $6 million from the recognition of a previously unrecognized tax
benefit associated with a prior year tax
position.
|
(PPL)
Anticipated Sale of Gas and
Propane Businesses
In July
2007, PPL completed a review of strategic options for its natural gas
distribution and propane businesses and announced its intention to sell these
businesses, which are included in the Pennsylvania Delivery
segment. In March 2008, PPL signed a definitive agreement to sell
these businesses for $268 million in cash plus working capital, pursuant to a
stock purchase agreement and following the receipt of necessary regulatory
approvals. PPL expects the sale to close before the end of
2008. Proceeds of the sale are expected to be used to invest in
growth opportunities in PPL's core electricity supply and delivery businesses
and/or for the repurchase of securities.
In
accordance with SFAS 144, the results of operations for the three months ended
March 31, 2008 and 2007, have been classified as Discontinued Operations on the
Statements of Income. The assets and liabilities at March 31, 2008
and December 31, 2007, are classified as held for sale on the Balance
Sheets.
Following
are the components of Discontinued Operations on the Statements of
Income.
|
|
Three
Months Ended
March
31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
Operating
revenues
|
|
$
|
94
|
|
|
$
|
94
|
|
Operating
expenses
|
|
|
76
|
|
|
|
81
|
|
Operating
income
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
|
13
|
|
Interest
expense
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
Income
before income taxes
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
|
12
|
|
Income
tax expense
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
Income
from Discontinued Operations
|
|
$
|
9
|
|
|
$
|
7
|
|
The major
classes of "Assets held for sale" and "Liabilities held for sale" on the Balance
Sheets at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, were as follows:
|
|
March
31,
2008
|
|
December
31, 2007
|
Current
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts
receivable
|
|
|
28
|
|
|
$
|
18
|
|
Fuel,
materials and supplies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
18
|
|
Other
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
Total
Current Assets
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
|
43
|
|
PP&E
|
|
|
216
|
|
|
|
213
|
|
Goodwill
and other noncurrent assets
|
|
|
61
|
|
|
|
62
|
|
Total
assets held for sale
|
|
$
|
315
|
|
|
$
|
318
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current
Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts
payable
|
|
$
|
11
|
|
|
$
|
18
|
|
Other
|
|
|
21
|
|
|
|
14
|
|
Total
Current Liabilities
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
|
32
|
|
Long-term
Debt (a)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10
|
|
Deferred
Credits and Other Noncurrent Liabilities
|
|
|
26
|
|
|
|
26
|
|
Total
liabilities held for sale
|
|
$
|
58
|
|
|
$
|
68
|
|
(a)
|
|
Under
the terms of the definitive sales agreement, the purchaser is not assuming
this debt. Therefore, it has been reclassified from
"Liabilities held for sale" to "Current Liabilities - Long-term debt" on
the Balance Sheet at March 31,
2008.
|
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
Net
periodic defined benefit costs (credits) were:
|
|
Three
Months Ended March 31,
|
|
|
Pension
Benefits
|
|
Other
Postretirement
Benefits
|
|
|
Domestic
|
|
International
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
PPL
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Service
cost
|
|
$
|
15
|
|
|
$
|
16
|
|
|
$
|
4
|
|
|
$
|
6
|
|
|
$
|
2
|
|
|
$
|
2
|
|
Interest
cost
|
|
|
35
|
|
|
|
33
|
|
|
|
49
|
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
|
8
|
|
Expected
return on plan assets
|
|
|
(45
|
)
|
|
|
(44
|
)
|
|
|
(60
|
)
|
|
|
(56
|
)
|
|
|
(5
|
)
|
|
|
(5
|
)
|
Amortization
of:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Transition
(asset) obligation
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
Prior
service cost
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
Actuarial
(gain) loss
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
Net
periodic defined benefit costs (credits)
|
|
$
|
7
|
|
|
$
|
9
|
|
|
$
|
(1
|
)
|
|
$
|
6
|
|
|
$
|
11
|
|
|
$
|
11
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PPL Energy
Supply
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Service
cost
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
|
$
|
4
|
|
|
$
|
6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
cost
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
49
|
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expected
return on plan assets
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
(60
|
)
|
|
|
(56
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization
of:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prior
service cost
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Actuarial
loss
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
periodic defined benefit costs (credits)
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
(1
|
)
|
|
$
|
6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.
|
Commitments
and Contingencies
|
Energy
Purchases, Energy Sales and Other Commitments
Energy Purchase
Commitments
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
PPL and
PPL Energy Supply enter into long-term purchase contracts to supply the fuel
requirements for generation facilities. These contracts include
commitments to purchase coal, emission allowances, natural gas, oil and nuclear
fuel and extend for terms through 2019. PPL and PPL Energy Supply
also enter into long-term contracts for the storage and transportation of
natural gas. The long-term natural gas storage contracts extend for
terms through 2014 for PPL and 2011 for PPL Energy Supply. The
long-term natural gas transportation contracts extend for terms through 2032 for
PPL and PPL Energy Supply. Additionally, PPL and PPL Energy Supply
have entered into long-term contracts to purchase power that extend for terms
through 2017, excluding long-term power purchase agreements for full output of
two wind farms. These wind farm contracts extend for terms through
2027.
In April
2008, PPL EnergyPlus entered into a purchase and sale agreement for the
acquisition of rights to the capacity and energy of a 664 MW natural gas-fired
power plant. This agreement extends through 2021. See
Note 8 for additional information.
(PPL
and PPL Electric)
Beginning
in 2007, PPL Electric began to conduct competitive solicitations to purchase
electricity generation supply in 2010, after its existing PLR contract expires,
for customers who do not choose a competitive supplier. A total of
six auctions were planned, with two occurring in each of the years 2007, 2008
and 2009. Each solicitation is for 850 MW of expected generation
supply. Average generation supply prices (per MWh), including
Pennsylvania gross receipts tax and an adjustment for line losses, for the first
three solicitations were as follows:
|
|
Residential
|
|
Small
Commercial and Small Industrial
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
July
2007
|
|
$
|
101.77
|
|
|
$
|
105.11
|
|
|
October
2007
|
|
|
105.08
|
|
|
|
105.75
|
|
|
March
2008
|
|
|
108.80
|
|
|
|
108.76
|
|
|
The
fourth competitive solicitation will be held in September 2008.
See Note
11 for additional information on PPL Electric's existing PLR contracts with PPL
EnergyPlus and the bids awarded to PPL EnergyPlus under PPL Electric's Supply
Master Agreement for 2010.
Energy Sales
Commitments
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
In
connection with its marketing activities or associated with certain of its power
plants, PPL Energy Supply has entered into long-term power sales contracts that
extend for terms through 2017. All long-term contracts were executed
at prices that approximated market price at the time of execution.
PPL
Energy Supply has entered into full requirements and retail contracts with
various counterparties. These contracts extend through
2014. Under these contracts, if PPL Energy Supply's credit rating
falls below investment grade or PPL Energy Supply's contract exposure exceeds
the established credit limit for the contract, then the counterparty has the
right to request collateral from PPL Energy Supply. At
March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, an insignificant amount of
collateral was posted under these contracts.
(PPL
Energy Supply)
See Note
11 for information on the power supply agreements between PPL EnergyPlus and PPL
Electric.
PPL Montana Hydroelectric
License Commitments
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
PPL
Montana has 11 hydroelectric facilities and one storage reservoir licensed by
the FERC pursuant to the Federal Power Act under long-term
licenses. Pursuant to Section 8(e) of the Federal Power Act, the FERC
approved the transfer from Montana Power to PPL Montana of all pertinent
licenses and any amendments in connection with the Montana Asset Purchase
Agreement.
The Kerr
Dam Project license was jointly issued by the FERC to Montana Power and the
Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Reservation in 1985, and
required Montana Power to hold and operate the project for 30
years. The license required Montana Power, and subsequently PPL
Montana as a result of the purchase of the Kerr Dam from Montana Power, to
continue to implement a plan to mitigate the impact of the Kerr Dam on fish,
wildlife and the habitat. Under this arrangement, PPL Montana has a
remaining commitment to spend $16 million between 2008 and 2015, in addition to
the annual rental it pays to the tribes. Between 2015 and 2025, the
tribes have the option to purchase, hold and operate the project for the
remainder of the license term of 2035.
PPL
Montana entered into two Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs) with state, federal
and private entities related to the issuance in 2000 of the FERC renewal license
for the nine dams for the Missouri-Madison project. The MOUs require
PPL Montana to implement plans to mitigate the impact of its projects on fish,
wildlife and the habitat, and to increase recreational
opportunities. The MOUs were created to maximize collaboration
between the parties and enhance the possibility for matching funds from relevant
federal agencies. Under this arrangement, PPL Montana has a remaining
commitment to spend $43 million between 2008 and 2040.
Legal
Matters
(PPL,
PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)
PPL and
its subsidiaries are involved in legal proceedings, claims and litigation in the
ordinary course of business. PPL and its subsidiaries cannot predict
the outcome of such matters, or whether such matters may result in material
liabilities.
Montana Power Shareholders'
Litigation
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
In August
2001, a purported class-action lawsuit was filed by a group of shareholders of
Montana Power against Montana Power, the directors of Montana Power, certain
advisors and consultants of Montana Power, and PPL Montana. The
plaintiffs allege, among other things, that Montana Power was required to, and
did not, obtain shareholder approval of the sale of Montana Power's generation
assets to PPL Montana in 1999, and that the sale "was null and void ab
initio." Among the remedies that the plaintiffs are seeking is the
establishment of a "resulting and/or constructive trust" on both the generation
assets and all profits earned by PPL Montana from the generation assets, plus
interest on the amounts subject to the trust. This lawsuit is pending
in the U.S. District Court of Montana, Butte Division, and the judge placed this
proceeding on hold pending the outcome of certain motions currently before the
U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware, the resolution of which may
impact this proceeding. The judge in this case has not established a
schedule to resume the proceeding. In September 2007, certain
plaintiffs proposed a settlement of certain claims not involving PPL and
proposed a status conference to discuss their proposal. The judge
held the status conference in January 2008 and rejected the proposed
settlement. PPL and PPL Energy Supply cannot predict the outcome of
this matter.
Montana Hydroelectric
Litigation
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
In
November 2004, PPL Montana, Avista Corporation (Avista) and PacifiCorp commenced
an action for declaratory judgment in Montana First Judicial District Court
seeking a determination that no lease payments or other compensation for their
hydropower facilities' use and occupancy of streambeds in Montana can be
collected by the State of Montana. This request was brought following
the dismissal of the State of Montana's federal lawsuit seeking such payments or
compensation in the U.S. District Court of Montana, Missoula Division, on
jurisdictional grounds. The State's federal lawsuit was founded on
allegations that the beds of Montana's navigable rivers became state-owned trust
property upon Montana's admission to statehood, and that the use of them for
placement of dam structures, affiliated structures and reservoirs should, under
a 1931 regulatory scheme enacted after all but one of the dams in question were
constructed, trigger lease payments for use of land beneath. In July
2006, the Montana state court approved a stipulation by the State of Montana
that it is not seeking lease payments or other compensation from PPL Montana for
the period prior to PPL Montana's acquisition of the hydroelectric facilities in
December 1999.
In
October 2007, Avista announced that it had entered into a settlement agreement
in its separate proceeding with the State of Montana providing, in pertinent
part, that Avista would make prospective lease payments of $4 million per year
for use of the State's streambeds (adjusted annually for inflation and subject
to other future adjustments). Under the settlement agreement, this
prospective annual payment by Avista resolves the State's claims for both past
and future rent.
In the
October 2007 trial of this matter, the State of Montana asserted that PPL
Montana should make a prospective lease payment for use of the State's
streambeds of $6 million per year (adjusted annually for inflation) and a
retroactive payment for the 2000-2006 period (including interest) of $41
million.
PPL
Montana continues to vigorously defend its position in this
proceeding. PPL and PPL Energy Supply cannot predict when a final
decision may be rendered in this proceeding or the ultimate
outcome.
Regulatory
Issues
California ISO and Western
Markets
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
Through
its subsidiaries, PPL made $18 million of sales to the California ISO during the
period from October 2000 through June 2001, of which $17 million has not been
paid to PPL subsidiaries. Given the myriad of electricity supply
problems presently faced by the California electric utilities and the California
ISO, PPL cannot predict whether or when it will receive payment. At
March 31, 2008, PPL continues to be fully reserved for underrecoveries of
payments for these sales.
Regulatory
proceedings arising out of the California electricity supply situation have been
filed at the FERC. The FERC has determined that all sellers of energy
into markets operated by the California ISO and the California Power Exchange,
including PPL Montana, should be subject to refund liability for the period
beginning October 2, 2000 through June 20, 2001, but the FERC has not yet ruled
on the exact amounts that the sellers, including PPL Montana, would be required
to refund. In decisions in September 2004 and August 2006, the U.S.
Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit held that the FERC had the additional
legal authority to order refunds for periods prior to October 2, 2000, and
ordered the FERC to determine whether or not it would be appropriate to grant
such additional refunds. In February 2008, the FERC initiated
proceedings to determine whether it would be appropriate to grant additional
refunds. The FERC also instituted settlement proceedings to explore
whether a settlement is possible.
In June
2003, the FERC took several actions as a result of a number of related
investigations. The FERC terminated proceedings to consider whether
to order refunds for spot market bilateral sales made in the Pacific Northwest,
including sales made by PPL Montana, during the period December 2000 through
June 2001. In August 2007, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth
Circuit reversed the FERC's decision and ordered the FERC to consider additional
evidence. The FERC also commenced additional investigations relating
to "gaming" and bidding practices during 2000 and 2001, but neither PPL
EnergyPlus nor PPL Montana believes it is a subject of these
investigations.
Litigation
arising out of the California electricity supply situation has been filed in
California courts against sellers of energy to the California
ISO. The plaintiffs and intervenors in these legal proceedings
allege, among other things, abuse of market power, manipulation of market
prices, unfair trade practices and violations of state antitrust laws, and seek
other relief, including treble damages and attorneys' fees. While
PPL's subsidiaries have not been named by the plaintiffs in these legal
proceedings, one defendant in a consolidated court proceeding named PPL Montana
in its cross-complaint; this defendant denied any unlawful conduct but asserted
that, if it is found liable, the other generators and power marketers, including
PPL Montana, caused, contributed to and/or participated in the plaintiffs'
alleged losses. In July 2006, the Court dismissed this case as the
result of a settlement under which PPL Montana was not required to make any
payments or provide any compensation.
In
February 2004, the Montana Public Service Commission (PSC) initiated a limited
investigation of the Montana retail electricity market for the years 2000 and
2001, focusing on how that market was affected by transactions involving the
possible manipulation of the electricity grid in the western U.S. The
investigation includes all public utilities and licensed electricity suppliers
in Montana, including PPL Montana, as well as other entities that may possess
relevant information. In June 2004, the Montana Attorney General
served PPL Montana and more than 20 other companies with subpoenas requesting
documents, and PPL Montana has provided responsive documents to the Montana
Attorney General.
While PPL
and its subsidiaries believe that they have not engaged in any improper trading
or marketing practices affecting the California and western markets, PPL cannot
predict the outcome of the above-described investigations, lawsuits and
proceedings or whether any PPL subsidiaries will be the target of any additional
governmental investigations or named in other lawsuits or refund
proceedings.
PJM
Capacity Litigation
(PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL
Electric)
In
December 2002, PPL was served with a complaint against PPL, PPL EnergyPlus and
PPL Electric filed in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of
Pennsylvania by 14 Pennsylvania boroughs that apparently alleged, among other
things, violations of the federal antitrust laws in connection with the pricing
of installed capacity in the PJM daily market during the first quarter of 2001
and certain breach of contract claims. These boroughs were wholesale
customers of PPL Electric. In April 2006, the Court dismissed all of
the federal antitrust claims and all but one of the breach of contract
claims. In May 2007, the Court withdrew its April 2006 decision as to
one of the federal antitrust claims, but directed additional briefing on
alternative grounds for dismissal of that claim. In September 2007,
the Court dismissed the one remaining federal antitrust claim. Such
dismissals were subject to the plaintiffs' right to appeal. In April
2008, the parties agreed to dismiss all claims in the proceeding and forgo
appeals. The matter is now concluded.
Each of
the U.S. Department of Justice - Antitrust Division, the FERC and the
Pennsylvania Attorney General conducted investigations regarding PPL's PJM
capacity market transactions in early 2001 and did not find any reason to take
action against PPL.
New
England Investigation
(PPL and PPL Energy
Supply)
In
January 2004, PPL became aware of an investigation by the Connecticut Attorney
General and the FERC's Office of Market Oversight and Investigation (OMOI)
regarding allegations that natural gas-fired generators located in New England
illegally sold natural gas instead of generating electricity during the week of
January 12, 2004. PPL has responded to a data request of OMOI that
indicated PPL was not under suspicion of a regulatory violation, but that OMOI
was conducting an initial investigation. PPL also has responded to
data requests of ISO New England and data requests served by subpoena from the
Connecticut Attorney General. Both OMOI and ISO New England have
issued preliminary reports finding no regulatory or other violations concerning
these matters. While PPL does not believe that it committed any
regulatory or other violations concerning the subject matter of these
investigations, PPL cannot predict the outcome of these
investigations.
FERC Market-Based Rate
Authority
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
In
December 1998, the FERC issued an order authorizing PPL EnergyPlus to make
wholesale sales of electric power and related products at market-based
rates. In that order, the FERC directed PPL EnergyPlus to file an
updated market analysis within three years of the date of the order, and every
three years thereafter. Market-based rate filings with the FERC were
made in November 2004 by PPL EnergyPlus, PPL Electric, PPL Montana and most of
PPL Generation's subsidiaries. These filings consisted of a Western
market-based rate filing for PPL Montana and an Eastern market-based rate filing
for most of the other PPL subsidiaries in the PJM region.
In
September 2005, the FERC issued an order conditionally approving the Eastern
market-based rate filing, subject to PPL subsidiaries making a compliance filing
providing further support that they cannot erect other non-transmission barriers
to entry into the generation market. The PPL subsidiaries made this
compliance filing in October 2005, which the FERC accepted.
In May
2006, the FERC issued an order rejecting the claims of the various parties in
the proceeding regarding PPL's Western market-based rate filing and granting PPL
Montana market-based rate authority in NorthWestern's control
area. In July 2007, the FERC denied two outstanding requests for
rehearing of its 2006 order. Subsequently, various parties in this
proceeding filed appeals of the order with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the
Ninth Circuit. In September 2007, a party also filed a complaint with
the FERC seeking additional refunds in the event that the U.S. Court of Appeals
overturns or reverses the FERC order. While PPL Montana continues to
believe that it does not have market power in NorthWestern's control area and
that it has no obligations to make additional sales of power to NorthWestern
regardless of the outcome of this proceeding, it cannot predict the outcome of
these proceedings.
In
January 2008, pursuant to the schedule established by FERC orders, PPL's
subsidiaries made another market-based rate renewal filing for all Eastern
subsidiaries in the PJM, New England and New York regions, including PPL
Electric, PPL EnergyPlus and most of PPL Generation's subsidiaries.
Currently,
if a seller is granted market-based rate authority by the FERC, it may enter
into power contracts during the time period for which such authority has been
granted. If the FERC determines that the market is not workably
competitive or that the seller possesses market power or is not charging "just
and reasonable" rates, the FERC institutes prospective action. Any
contracts entered into pursuant to the FERC's market-based rate authority remain
in effect and are generally subject to a high standard of review before the FERC
can order any changes. Recent court decisions by the U.S. Court of
Appeals for the Ninth Circuit have raised issues that may make it more difficult
for the FERC to continue its program of promoting wholesale electricity
competition through market-based rate authority. These court
decisions permit retroactive refunds and a lower standard of review by the FERC
for changing power contracts, and could have the effect of requiring the FERC to
review in advance most, if not all, power contracts. The FERC has not
yet taken action in response to these recent court decisions, and the U.S.
Supreme Court has decided to review one of these decisions. At this
time, PPL cannot predict the impact of these court decisions on the FERC's
future market-based rate authority program or on PPL's business.
Illinois Auction
Complaints
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
As a
result of the Electric Service Customer Choice and Rate Relief Law of 1997, the
Illinois General Assembly provided the opportunity for power suppliers to
compete to supply power to Illinois electric utilities to meet the full
requirements of all non-shopping Illinois electricity customers. The
Illinois Commerce Commission (ICC) conducted an auction for supply of up to
25,474 MW of peak load and hired an independent Auction Monitor for this
purpose. PPL EnergyPlus submitted bids in this Illinois auction
process and, as a result, in September 2006 entered into three agreements with
Commonwealth Edison Company to supply a portion of its full requirements
service. These agreements commenced in January 2007 and expire after
17, 29 and 41 months. During peak hours, PPL EnergyPlus' obligation
to supply Commonwealth Edison may reach 700 MW. At the conclusion of
the auction process, the Auction Monitor and the ICC Staff both concluded that
the auction process was competitive.
In March
2007, the Illinois Attorney General filed a complaint at the FERC against all of
the successful bidders in this auction process, including PPL EnergyPlus and
fifteen other suppliers, alleging market manipulation and requesting that the
FERC investigate such allegations, requesting refunds for sales at prices above
just and reasonable rates and seeking revocation of the FERC market-based rate
authority for certain of the suppliers. PPL EnergyPlus is not
identified in the complaint as a supplier which allegedly engaged in market
manipulation or which should have its market-based rate authority
revoked.
In June
2007, PPL EnergyPlus filed an answer requesting dismissal of the
complaint. In July 2007, the Illinois Attorney General asked the FERC
to hold this proceeding in abeyance pending a possible settlement among the
Illinois parties, stating that such a settlement, if finalized, would result in
dismissal of its FERC complaint. In August 2007, the Illinois
Attorney General, along with other parties, filed a motion to dismiss the
complaint with prejudice due to a retail rate and procurement procedure
settlement agreement reached among a number of interested parties in the State
of Illinois. In October 2007, the FERC dismissed the complaint with
prejudice and terminated the proceeding.
Subsequent
to the Illinois Attorney General's complaint, two class actions were filed in
Illinois State Court in Cook County against all successful bidders in the
Illinois auction, including PPL EnergyPlus, alleging violations of unfair trade
practices laws. The factual allegations appear similar to those in
the Attorney General's complaint. In December 2007, the judge issued
an order dismissing the class action cases without prejudice to seek relief from
either the FERC or the Illinois Commerce Commission. While PPL and
PPL Energy Supply do not currently believe that these matters will have a
material adverse impact on the financial condition of PPL and PPL Energy Supply,
they cannot predict the outcome of this matter.
Maine Transmission Line
Rates
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
PPL
currently holds 100 MW of firm point-to-point transmission service rights
associated with an existing transmission line owned by Maine Electric Power
Company, Inc. (MEPCO). MEPCO is owned by Central Maine Power Company,
Bangor Hydro Electric Company and Maine Public Service Company. These
transmission rights enable PPL to sell energy and capacity from Canada into
ISO New England.
In August
2007, MEPCO, ISO New England and other New England transmission owners (the
Filing Parties) submitted a filing to the FERC seeking to roll the revenue
requirement of the MEPCO transmission facilities into the regional transmission
rates in New England and to change certain rules concerning the use of the
transmission line for energy and capacity (MEPCO roll-in). PPL
protested this proposal because it fails to preserve and protect pre-existing
firm transmission rights currently held on the MEPCO transmission facilities by
PPL EnergyPlus. If the proposal were accepted by the FERC as filed,
the value of PPL's pre-existing rights on the MEPCO line would be adversely
affected.
In 2007,
PPL recorded a $23 million ($13 million after tax) impairment of the
transmission rights based on their estimated fair value as determined by an
internal model and other analysis. These transmission rights are
included in the Supply segment.
In
October 2007, the FERC issued an order accepting the Filing Parties' proposal,
subject to modification of certain matters presented in the
filing. Based on the October 2007 Order, PPL EnergyPlus opted to
terminate its contractual rights on the MEPCO line in the event the MEPCO
roll-in proposal was implemented. Due to complications implementing
the proposal as modified by the FERC, in November 2007, ISO New England and
MEPCO filed with the FERC a motion to delay the effectiveness and hold a
technical conference or, in the alternative, cancel the MEPCO
roll-in.
In
February 2008, the FERC issued a further order in response to the ISO New
England and MEPCO request that authorized appointment of a settlement judge and
deferred the effective date of the MEPCO roll-in proposal to a future date to be
determined. In April 2008, the FERC terminated the settlement proceeding
without the parties having reached any settlement.
Although
PPL cannot predict the ultimate outcome of the remaining issues in this matter,
PPL does not expect the outcome to result in any significant costs to
PPL.
IRS Synthetic Fuels Tax
Credits
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
PPL,
through its subsidiaries, has interests in two synthetic fuel production
facilities: the Somerset facility located in Pennsylvania and the Tyrone
facility located in Kentucky. PPL has received tax credits pursuant
to Section 29/45K of the Internal Revenue Code based on the sale of synthetic
fuel from these facilities. The Section 29/45K tax credit program
expired at the end of 2007, and production of synthetic fuel at these facilities
and all other synthetic fuel operations ceased as of December 31,
2007. The facilities are being dismantled and PPL is in the process
of disposing of its interests.
In
addition, Section 29/45K provided for the synthetic fuel tax credit to begin to
phase out when the relevant annual reference price for crude oil, which is the
domestic first purchase price (DFPP), fell within a designated range and to be
eliminated when the DFPP exceeds the range. The phase-out range was
adjusted annually for inflation.
PPL
estimated the phase-out range for 2007 to begin at about $57 per barrel (DFPP)
and the tax credits to be totally eliminated at about $71 per barrel
(DFPP). At December 31, 2007, PPL projected a phase-out of
approximately 56% of the gross tax credits produced in 2007, based on its
estimate of the DFPP reference price and the inflation-adjusted phase-out range
applicable for 2007. The DFPP was published by the IRS in April 2008
for the prior year indicating that the DFPP reference price increased above the
previously estimated price levels for 2007 and the inflation-adjusted phase-out
range decreased, resulting in a higher phase-out percentage of approximately
67%. Therefore, PPL recorded an expense of $13 million ($0.04 per
share, basic and diluted, for PPL) during the three months ended March 31, 2008,
to "Income Taxes" on the Statement of Income to account for this
difference.
After
considering the above adjustment, the synthetic fuel produced at the Somerset
and Tyrone facilities resulted in an aggregate estimated recognition of tax
credits of $314 million for Somerset and $112 million for Tyrone through March
31, 2008.
In 2007,
PPL also purchased synthetic fuel from unaffiliated third parties, at prices
below the market price of coal, for use at its coal-fired power
plants. Fuel cost savings for the first quarter of 2007 were $5
million.
Energy
Policy Act of 2005
(PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL
Electric)
In August
2005, President Bush signed into law the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (the 2005
Energy Act). The 2005 Energy Act is comprehensive legislation that
substantially affects the regulation of energy companies. The Act
amends federal energy laws and provides the FERC with new oversight
responsibilities. Among the important changes that have been or will
be implemented as a result of this legislation are:
·
|
The
Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935 was repealed. PUHCA
significantly restricted mergers and acquisitions in the electric utility
sector.
|
·
|
The
FERC has appointed the NERC as the organization to establish and enforce
mandatory reliability standards (Reliability Standards) regarding the bulk
power system, and the FERC will oversee this process and independently
enforce the Reliability Standards, as further described
below.
|
·
|
The
FERC will establish incentives for transmission companies, such as
performance-based rates, recovery of the costs to comply with reliability
rules and accelerated depreciation for investments in transmission
infrastructure.
|
·
|
The
Price-Anderson Amendments Act of 1988, which provides the framework for
nuclear liability protection, was extended to 2025.
|
·
|
Federal
support will be available for certain clean coal power initiatives,
nuclear power projects and renewable energy
technologies.
|
The
implementation of the 2005 Energy Act requires proceedings at the state level
and the development of regulations, some of which have not been finalized, by
the FERC, the DOE and other federal agencies. PPL cannot predict when
all of these proceedings and regulations will be finalized.
The
implemented Reliability Standards have the force and effect of law, and apply to
certain users of the bulk power electricity system, including electric utility
companies, generators and marketers. The FERC has indicated that it
intends to enforce vigorously the Reliability Standards using, among other
means, civil penalty authority. Under the Federal Power Act, the FERC
may assess civil penalties of up to $1 million per day for certain
violations. The first group of Reliability Standards approved by the
FERC became effective in June 2007. In September 2007, PPL Electric
self-reported to the RFC, a regional reliability entity designated to enforce
the Reliability Standards, that it had identified a potential violation of
certain reliability requirements and submitted an accompanying mitigation
plan. In February 2008, the RFC notified PPL Electric that it had
completed its investigation, accepted PPL Electric's mitigation plan and issued
a Notice of Alleged Violation. Once finalized, following opportunity
for PPL Electric to comment, the RFC's determination is subject to review and
approval by the NERC and the FERC. At this time, PPL Electric cannot
predict the outcome of these reviews.
PPL and
its subsidiaries cannot predict the impact the Reliability Standards will have
on PPL and its subsidiaries, including on its capital and operating
expenditures; however, compliance costs could be significant.
PPL also
cannot predict with certainty the impact of the other provisions of the 2005
Energy Act and any related regulations on PPL and its subsidiaries.
Environmental
Matters - Domestic
(PPL,
PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)
Due to
the environmental issues discussed below or other environmental matters, PPL
subsidiaries may be required to modify, curtail, replace or cease operating
certain facilities to comply with statutes, regulations and actions by
regulatory bodies or courts. In this regard, PPL subsidiaries also
may incur capital expenditures or operating expenses in amounts which are not
now determinable, but could be significant.
Air
(PPL and PPL Energy
Supply)
The Clean
Air Act deals, in part, with emissions causing acid deposition, attainment of
federal ambient air quality standards and toxic air emissions and visibility in
the U.S. Amendments to the Clean Air Act requiring additional
emission reductions are likely to continue to be proposed in the U.S.
Congress. The Clean Air Act allows states to develop more stringent
regulations and in some instances, as discussed below, Pennsylvania and Montana
have chosen to do so.
Clean Air Interstate
Rule
Citing
its authority under the Clean Air Act, in 1997, the EPA developed new standards
for ambient levels of ozone and fine particulates in the U.S. These
standards have been upheld following court challenges. To facilitate
attainment of these standards, the EPA has promulgated the Clean Air Interstate
Rule (CAIR) for 28 midwestern and eastern states, including Pennsylvania, to
reduce sulfur dioxide emissions by about 50% by 2010 and to extend the current
seasonal program for reduction in nitrogen oxides emissions to a year-round
program starting in 2009. The CAIR requires further reductions in the
CAIR region, starting in 2015, in sulfur dioxide of 30% from 2010 levels, and
nitrogen oxides during the ozone season of 17% from 2009 levels. The
CAIR allows these reductions to be achieved through cap-and-trade
programs.
In
addition, the EPA has recently tightened the ambient air quality standard for
ozone. The more stringent standard could result in requirements to
reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides beyond those required under the
CAIR. If additional reductions were required, the costs are not now
determinable, but could be significant.
In order
to continue meeting existing sulfur dioxide reduction requirements of the Clean
Air Act, including the CAIR, PPL is installing scrubbers at its Montour and
Brunner Island plants. The scrubber for Montour Unit 2 was placed
in-service in March 2008. The scrubbers for Montour Unit 1 and
Unit 3 at Brunner Island are expected to be in-service during 2008, and the
scrubber for Units 1 and 2 at Brunner Island is expected to be in-service during
2009. In order to meet the year-round reductions in nitrogen oxides
under the CAIR, PPL's current plan is to operate the SCRs at Montour Units 1 and
2 year-round, optimize emission reductions from the existing combustion controls
and purchase any needed emission allowances on the open market. PPL's
current installation plan for the scrubbers and other pollution control
equipment (primarily aimed at sulfur dioxide, particulate and nitrogen oxides
with co-benefits for mercury emissions reduction) through 2012 are included in
the capital budget. PPL expects a 30 MW reduction in net generation
capability at each of the Brunner Island and Montour plants, due to the
estimated increases in station service usage during the scrubber
operation.
Mercury
Also
citing its authority under the Clean Air Act, the EPA issued the Clean Air
Mercury Regulations (CAMR) that affect coal-fired plants. These
regulations established a cap-and-trade program to take effect in two phases,
with a first phase to begin in January 2010, and a second phase with more
stringent requirements to begin in January 2018. However, in February
2008, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit overturned
the EPA's rule. Under this decision, the EPA must either properly
remove mercury from regulation under the hazardous air pollutant provisions of
the Clean Air Act or develop standards requiring maximum achievable control
technology (MACT) for electric generating units. The EPA has stated
that it will likely proceed with developing MACT standards for all hazardous air
emissions from electric generating units. The costs of complying with
such standards are not now determinable, but could be significant.
The
ruling is not expected to affect PPL's current plans to comply with state
regulations in Pennsylvania and Montana as discussed below. PPL
continues to review the federal court decision to determine whether it has any
effect on state regulations in the long term.
Pennsylvania
has adopted its own, more stringent mercury rules. Pennsylvania's
rules establish mercury emission limits for each coal-fired generating facility
beginning in 2010, and require that mercury emission allowances under the EPA's
cap-and-trade program under CAMR be met at each unit without the benefit of an
emissions trading program, and that tighter emission limits based on the second
phase of the CAMR requirements be accelerated to begin in 2015. Even
though the CAMR cap-and-trade program on which those allowances were based has
now been overturned, the Pennsylvania DEP has stated that it plans to implement
its mercury rule without making any changes.
PPL
expects that it can achieve the 2010 requirements under Pennsylvania's mercury
rules with only the addition of chemical injection systems. This
expectation is based on the co-benefits of mercury removal from the scrubbers
expected to be in place at its Pennsylvania plants as of 2010, and the SCRs
already in place at Montour. PPL currently estimates that the capital
cost of such chemical injection systems at its Pennsylvania plants will be
approximately $23 million.
To meet
Pennsylvania's 2015 requirements, adsorption/absorption technology with fabric
filters may be required at most PPL Pennsylvania coal-fired generating
units. Based on current analysis and industry estimates, PPL
estimates that if this technology were required at every one of its Pennsylvania
units, the aggregate capital cost of compliance would be approximately $530
million.
Montana
also has finalized its own more stringent rules that require, by 2010, every
coal-fired generating plant in the state to achieve reduction levels more
stringent than the CAMR's 2018 requirements. PPL presently plans to
install chemical injection systems to meet these requirements. PPL
estimates its share of the capital cost for these systems in Montana would be
approximately $8 million. Because enhanced chemical injection
technologies may not be sufficiently developed to meet this level of reductions
by 2010, there is a risk that adsorption/absorption technology with fabric
filters at both Colstrip and Corette would be required. Based on
current analysis and industry estimates, PPL estimates that if this technology
were required, its share of the capital cost to achieve compliance at its
Montana units would be approximately $140 million.
PPL
expects both Pennsylvania's and Montana's mercury rules to be challenged in
court. PPL cannot predict the outcome of such actions.
Regional Haze and
Visibility
In
addition to the above rules, the Clean Air Visibility Rule was issued by the EPA
on June 15, 2005, to address regional haze or regionally-impaired visibility
caused by multiple sources over a wide area. The rule defines Best
Available Retrofit Technology (BART) requirements for electric generating units,
including presumptive limits for sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides controls for
large units. Under the BART rule, PPL has submitted to the
Pennsylvania DEP its analyses of the visibility impacts of particulate matter
emissions from Martins Creek Units 3 and 4, Brunner Island Units 2 and 3 and
Montour Units 1 and 2. The EPA has determined that meeting the
requirements for its CAIR meet the BART requirements for sulfur dioxide and
nitrogen dioxide. Also under the BART rule, PPL has submitted to the
EPA (Region 8), which administers the BART program for Montana, its analyses of
the visibility impacts of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter
emissions for Colstrip Units 1 and 2 and Corette. PPL's analyses have
shown that further reductions are not needed. The Pennsylvania DEP
has not yet acted on the reports. However, the EPA has responded to
PPL's reports for Colstrip and Corette and has requested further information and
analysis. PPL cannot predict whether any additional reductions will
be required in Pennsylvania or Montana. If additional reductions are
required, the costs are not now determinable, but could be
significant.
New Source
Review
In 1999,
the EPA initiated enforcement actions against several electric generators,
asserting that older, coal-fired power plants operated by those generators have,
over the years, been modified in ways that subjected them to more stringent "New
Source" requirements under the Clean Air Act. The EPA subsequently
issued notices of violation and commenced enforcement activities against other
generators.
However,
in recent years, the EPA has shifted its position on New Source
Review. In 2003, the EPA issued changes to its regulations that
clarified what projects are exempt from "New Source" requirements as routine
maintenance and repair. However, these regulations were stayed and
subsequently struck down by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of
Columbia Circuit. Furthermore, in April 2007, the U.S. Supreme Court
upheld the annual emissions test under which the EPA had found emissions
increases at the plants included in its enforcement initiative. PPL
is therefore continuing to operate under the "New Source" regulations as they
existed prior to the EPA's 2003 clarifications.
In
October 2005, the EPA proposed changing its rules on how to determine whether a
project results in an emissions increase and is therefore subject to review
under the "New Source" regulations. The EPA's proposed tests are
consistent with the position of energy companies and industry groups and, if
adopted, would substantially reduce the uncertainties under the current
regulations. PPL cannot predict whether these proposed new tests will
be adopted. In addition to proposing these new tests, the EPA also
announced in October 2005 that it will not bring new enforcement actions with
respect to projects that would satisfy the proposed new tests or the EPA's 2003
clarifications referenced above. Accordingly, PPL believes it is
unlikely the EPA will pursue the information requests issued to PPL Montana's
Corette and Colstrip plants by EPA Region 8 in 2000 and 2003, respectively, and
to PPL Generation's Martins Creek plant by EPA Region 3 in
2002. However, states and environmental groups also have been
bringing enforcement actions alleging violations of "New Source" requirements by
coal-fired plants, and PPL is unable to predict whether such state or citizens
enforcement actions will be brought with respect to any of its affiliates'
plants.
If new
source review requirements are imposed, then PPL must install best available
control technology for any pollutant found to have significantly increased due
to a major modification. The costs of installing such technology are
not now determinable, but could be significant.
Finally,
if the EPA regulates carbon dioxide emissions pursuant to the recent U.S.
Supreme Court decision on global climate change, then carbon dioxide emissions
could become subject to the PSD/NSR provisions of the Clean Air
Act. The implications are uncertain, as currently no permitting
authorities have implemented the PSD/NSR program for carbon dioxide
emissions.
Opacity
The New
Jersey DEP and some New Jersey residents have raised environmental concerns with
respect to the visible opacity of emissions from the oil-fired units at the
Martins Creek plant. Similar issues also are being raised by the
Pennsylvania DEP. PPL is continuing to study and negotiate the matter
with the Pennsylvania DEP. If it is determined that actions must be
taken to address the visible opacity of these emissions, such actions could
result in costs that are not now determinable, but could be
significant. In September 2007, in accordance with a 2003 agreement
with the New Jersey DEP and the Pennsylvania DEP, PPL shut down Martins Creek's
two 150 MW coal-fired generating units, but may replace or repower them at
any time so long as it complies with all applicable state and federal
requirements.
Global Climate
Change
There is
a growing concern nationally and internationally about global climate change and
the contribution of greenhouse gas emissions including, most significantly,
carbon dioxide from the combustion of fossil fuels. This concern has
led to increased federal legislative proposals, actions at state and local
levels, as well as litigation relating to greenhouse gas emissions, including an
April 2007 U.S. Supreme Court decision holding that the EPA has the authority to
regulate greenhouse gas emissions from new motor vehicles under the Clean Air
Act. As a result of this decision, the EPA is reviewing the Clean Air
Act provisions for New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) applicable to
stationary sources to determine if it will include stationary source greenhouse
gas emissions under these rules. In addition, if the EPA concludes
greenhouse gases from motor vehicles pose an endangerment to public health or
welfare, this could lead to regulation of stationary source carbon dioxide
emissions under other provisions of the Clean Air Act. Also,
increased pressure for carbon dioxide emissions reduction is being initiated by
investor and environmental organizations and the international
community. In addition, a nuisance claim brought by a number of
states against other large electric generating companies was dismissed by a
federal district court in New York but remains pending on appeal in the U.S.
Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.
PPL
believes future legislation and regulations that cap or tax carbon dioxide
emissions from power plants are likely, although technology to efficiently
capture, remove and sequester carbon dioxide emissions is not presently
available. At the federal level, such regulation has received support
from the majority leadership in both the U.S. Senate and U.S. House of
Representatives. PPL supports a national program and has publicly
supported the key concepts of the "Low Carbon Economy Act of 2007" introduced in
the Senate in July 2007, including an economy-wide approach, a gradual phase-in
of greenhouse gas emission reduction targets and timetables and cost containment
measures to limit the cost to the economy.
At the
regional level, ten northeastern states signed a Memorandum of Understanding
(MOU) agreeing to establish a greenhouse gas emission cap-and-trade program,
called the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI). The program
commences in January 2009 and calls for stabilization of carbon dioxide
emissions, at base levels established in 2005, from electric power plants larger
than 25 MW in capacity. The MOU also provides for a 10% reduction in
carbon dioxide emissions from base levels by 2019. A similar effort
is under way in the western U.S. (the Western Regional Climate Action Initiative
or WCI), and Midwestern states have recently agreed to form another regional
climate change program.
Pennsylvania
and Montana have not, at this time, established mandatory programs to regulate
carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. Pennsylvania has not
stated an intention to join RGGI, but has declared support for state action on
climate change. Montana has joined the WCI and will participate in
any greenhouse gas emission control regulations that are adopted by the
WCI. The WCI currently is developing greenhouse gas emission
allocation, offsets, and reporting recommendations.
PPL has
conducted an inventory of its carbon dioxide emissions and is continuing to
evaluate options for reducing, avoiding, off-setting or sequestering its carbon
dioxide emissions. In 2007, PPL's power plants emitted approximately
31 million tons of carbon dioxide (based on PPL's equity share of these
assets).
PPL
believes that the regulation of greenhouse gas emissions may have a material
impact on its capital expenditures and operations, but the costs are not now
determinable. PPL also cannot predict the impact that any pending or
future federal or state climate change legislation regarding more stringent
environmental standards could have on PPL or its subsidiaries.
Water/Waste
(PPL and PPL Energy
Supply)
Martins Creek Fly Ash
Release
In August
2005, there was a release of approximately 100 million gallons of water
containing fly ash from a disposal basin at the Martins Creek plant used in
connection with the operation of the two 150 MW coal-fired generating units
at the plant. This resulted in ash being deposited onto adjacent
roadways and fields, and into a nearby creek and the Delaware
River. The leak was stopped, and PPL has determined that the problem
was caused by a failure in the disposal basin's discharge
structure. PPL has conducted extensive clean-up and completed
studies, in conjunction with a group of natural resource trustees and the
Delaware River Basin Commission, evaluating the effects of the release on the
river's sediment, water quality and ecosystem. These studies do not
show any environmental damage attributable to the release.
The
Pennsylvania DEP filed a complaint in Commonwealth Court against PPL Martins
Creek and PPL Generation, alleging violations of various state laws and
regulations and seeking penalties and injunctive relief. The Delaware
Riverside Conservancy and several citizens have been granted the right, without
objection from PPL, to intervene in the Pennsylvania DEP's
action. PPL and the Pennsylvania DEP have reached a tentative
settlement for the alleged violations. The Intervenors have objected
to this settlement. The proposed settlement requires PPL to pay $1.5
million in penalties and reimbursement of the DEP's costs, and requires PPL to
submit a report on the completed studies of possible natural resource
damages. PPL submitted the assessment report to the agencies in June
2007. However, the agencies may require additional
studies. In addition, PPL expects the trustees and the Delaware River
Basin Commission to seek to recover their costs and/or any damages they
determine were caused by the release.
At
March 31, 2008, management's best estimate of the probable loss associated
with the Martins Creek ash basin leak remained at $37 million, of which $31
million relates to off-site costs, and the balance to on-site
costs. Based on actual costs incurred and recorded to date, at
March 31, 2008, the remaining recorded contingency for this remediation was
$9 million. PPL and PPL Energy Supply cannot be certain of the
outcome of the action initiated by the Pennsylvania DEP, the outcome of the
natural resource damage assessment, the outcome of any lawsuit brought by the
citizens and businesses and the exact nature of any other regulatory or other
legal actions that may be initiated against PPL, PPL Energy Supply or their
subsidiaries as a result of the disposal basin leak.
Basin Seepage -
Pennsylvania
Seepages
have been detected at active and retired wastewater basins at various PPL
plants, including the Montour, Brunner Island and Martins Creek generating
facilities. PPL has completed an assessment of some of the seepages
at the Montour and Brunner Island facilities and is working with the
Pennsylvania DEP to implement abatement measures for those
seepages. PPL is continuing to conduct assessments of other seepages
at the Montour and Brunner Island facilities as well as seepages at the Martins
Creek facility to determine the appropriate abatement actions. PPL's
capital budget includes $50 million to upgrade and/or replace certain wastewater
facilities in response to the seepage and for other facility
changes. The potential additional cost to address the identified
seepages or other seepages at all of PPL's Pennsylvania plants is not now
determinable, but could be significant.
Basin Seepage -
Montana
In May
2003, approximately 50 plaintiffs brought an action now pending at the Montana
Sixteenth Judicial District Court, Rosebud County, against PPL Montana and the
other owners of the Colstrip plant alleging property damage from seepage from
the freshwater and wastewater ponds at Colstrip. In February 2007,
six plaintiffs filed a separate lawsuit in the same court against the Colstrip
plant owners asserting similar claims. The lawsuit filed in 2007 is
in its initial stages of discovery and investigation and PPL Montana is unable
to predict the outcome of these proceedings. PPL Montana has
undertaken certain groundwater investigation and remediation measures at the
Colstrip plant to address groundwater contamination alleged by the plaintiffs as
well as other groundwater contamination at the plant. These measures
include proceeding with extending city water to certain residents who live near
the plant, some of whom are plaintiffs in the original 2003
lawsuit. At a September 2007 mandatory mediation session with the
original 2003 plaintiffs, PPL Montana and the other current owner defendants
proposed a settlement. At that time, PPL Montana recorded a reserve
of $1 million for its share of the proposed settlement cost. In April
2008, the current owner defendants and the original 2003 plaintiffs reached
an agreement in principle to settle their claims. PPL Montana's share
of the revised settlement offer is approximately $8
million. Accordingly, in March 2008, PPL Montana recorded an
additional reserve of $7 million ($0.01 per share, basic and diluted, for PPL)
to "Operation and maintenance" on the Statement of Income. The
settlement offer does not affect the status of the lawsuit filed in February
2007. PPL Montana may incur further costs based on the outcome of the
lawsuits and its additional groundwater investigations and any related remedial
measures, which costs are not now determinable, but could be
significant.
Other
Issues
The EPA
has significantly increased the water quality standard for
arsenic. The revised standard became effective in January 2006 and at
this time applies only to drinking water. Pennsylvania is in the
comment period of the Triennial Review in which the arsenic standard has been
proposed as an in-stream water quality standard. The revised standard
may result in action by individual states that could require several PPL
subsidiaries to further treat wastewater or take abatement action at their power
plants, or both. The cost of complying with any such requirements is
not now determinable, but could be significant.
The EPA
finalized requirements in 2004 for new or modified cooling water intake
structures. These requirements affect where generating facilities are
built, establish intake design standards, and could lead to requirements for
cooling towers at new and modified power plants. Another rule
finalized in 2004 that addressed existing structures has been withdrawn
following a January 2007 decision by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second
Circuit. In April 2008, the U.S. Supreme Court granted the petitions
for writs of certiorari filed by Utility Water Act Group, Public Service
Enterprise Group, Inc. and Entergy Corporation, limited to one
question: Whether Section 316(b) of the Clean Water Act authorizes
the EPA to compare costs with benefits in determining the "best technology
available for minimizing adverse environmental impact" at cooling water intake
structures. Depending on the outcome of the U.S. Supreme Court review
and what changes the EPA makes to the rule in accordance with this decision and
the other issues raised by the Second Circuit Court (that will not be reviewed
by the U.S. Supreme Court), in addition to what actions the states may take on
their own, the impacts of the actions could result in stricter standards for
existing structures that could impose significant costs on PPL
subsidiaries.
The EPA
plans to finalize its 2008 Effluent Guidelines Plan by August 2008, in which the
EPA will make a decision about whether to revise the steam electric effluent
guidelines. The EPA is presently conducting a sampling study of
industry discharges to obtain information needed to make that
decision.
Superfund
and Other Remediation
(PPL,
PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)
PPL
Electric is a potentially responsible party at several sites listed by the EPA
under the federal Superfund program, including the Columbia Gas Plant
Site. Clean-up actions have been or are being undertaken at all of
these sites, the costs of which have not been significant. However,
should the EPA require significantly different or additional measures in the
future, the costs of such measures are not determinable, but could be
significant.
PPL
Electric and PPL Gas Utilities have been remediating several sites that were not
being addressed under another regulatory program such as Superfund, but for
which PPL Electric or PPL Gas Utilities may be liable for
remediation. These include a number of coal gas manufacturing
facilities formerly owned or operated by PPL Electric; coal gas manufacturing
facilities and potential mercury contamination from gas meters and regulators at
PPL Gas Utilities' sites and plugging of abandoned wells by PPL Gas
Utilities.
Depending
on the outcome of investigations at sites where investigations have not begun or
have not been completed, the costs of remediation and other liabilities could be
substantial. PPL and its subsidiaries also could incur other
non-remediation costs at sites included in the consent orders or other
contaminated sites, the costs of which are not now determinable, but could be
significant.
The EPA
is evaluating the risks associated with naphthalene, a chemical by-product of
coal gas manufacturing operations. As a result of the EPA's
evaluation, individual states may establish stricter standards for water quality
and soil cleanup. This could require several PPL subsidiaries to take
more extensive assessment and remedial actions at former coal gas manufacturing
facilities. The costs to PPL of complying with any such requirements
are not now determinable, but could be significant.
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
Under the
Pennsylvania Clean Streams Law, subsidiaries of PPL Generation are obligated to
remediate acid mine drainage at former mine sites and may be required to take
additional measures to prevent potential acid mine drainage at previously capped
refuse piles. One PPL Generation subsidiary is pumping mine water at
two mine sites, and treating water at one of these sites. Another PPL
Generation subsidiary has installed a passive wetlands treatment system at a
third site. At March 31, 2008, PPL Energy Supply had accrued a
discounted liability of $34 million to cover the costs of pumping and treating
groundwater at the two mine sites for 50 years and for operating and maintaining
passive wetlands treatment at the third site. PPL Energy Supply
discounted this liability at a rate of 5.74%. Expected undiscounted
payments are estimated at $1 million for each of the years from 2008 through
2012, and the expected payments for the work after 2012 are $135
million.
(PPL,
PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)
Future
cleanup or remediation work at sites currently under review, or at sites not
currently identified, may result in material additional operating costs for PPL
subsidiaries that cannot be estimated at this time.
Gas Seepage
(PPL)
PPL Gas
Utilities owns and operates the Meeker gas storage field and has a partial
ownership interest in the Tioga gas storage field, both located in north-central
Pennsylvania. There continues to be an issue with natural gas
observed in several drinking water wells that the Pennsylvania DEP has been
working to address. The Pennsylvania DEP has raised concerns that
potential leakage of natural gas from the Tioga gas storage field could be
contributing to this issue. To help determine the cause of the
natural gas in the potable water wells, the Pennsylvania DEP enlisted the
services of the U.S. Geological Survey Department. The results of the
U.S. Geological Survey study were published in mid-2007 and indicate that gas in
the groundwater in the area, including in certain residential wells, may be due
in part to gas stored in the storage fields. Pending completion of a
more detailed study of the issue, PPL Gas Utilities and the co-owner of the
Tioga storage field have offered to sample potable water wells and install water
treatment systems on any wells in which natural gas exceeds 20 parts per million
within an agreed-upon program area. The cost of the actions in the
program area offered by PPL Gas Utilities and the co-owner are not expected to
be significant.
The costs
of any required mitigation actions, following completion of the broader study,
are not now determinable, but could be significant.
Electric
and Magnetic Fields
(PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL
Electric)
Concerns
have been expressed by some members of the public regarding potential health
effects of power frequency EMFs, which are emitted by all devices carrying
electricity, including electric transmission and distribution lines and
substation equipment. Government officials in the U.S. and the U.K.
have reviewed this issue. The U.S. National Institute of
Environmental Health Sciences concluded in 2002 that, for most health outcomes,
there is no evidence that EMFs cause adverse effects. The agency
further noted that there is some epidemiological evidence of an association with
childhood leukemia, but that the evidence is difficult to interpret without
supporting laboratory evidence. The U.K. National Radiological
Protection Board (part of the U.K. Health Protection Agency) concluded in 2004
that, while the research on EMFs does not provide a basis to find that EMFs
cause any illness, there is a basis to consider precautionary measures beyond
existing exposure guidelines. In April 2007, the Stakeholder Group on
Extremely Low Frequency EMF, set up by the U.K. Government, issued its interim
assessment which describes a number of options for reducing public exposure to
EMFs. This assessment is being considered by the U.K.
Government. PPL and its subsidiaries believe the current efforts to
determine whether EMFs cause adverse health effects should continue and are
taking steps to reduce EMFs, where practical, in the design of new transmission
and distribution facilities. PPL and its subsidiaries are unable to
predict what effect, if any, the EMF issue might have on their operations and
facilities either in the U.S. or the U.K., and the associated cost, or what, if
any, liabilities they might incur related to the EMF issue.
Environmental Matters - International
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
U.K.
WPD's
distribution businesses are subject to environmental regulatory and statutory
requirements. PPL believes that WPD has taken and continues to take
measures to comply with the applicable laws and governmental regulations for the
protection of the environment. There are no material legal or
administrative proceedings pending against WPD with respect to environmental
matters. See "Environmental Matters - Domestic - Electric and
Magnetic Fields" for a discussion of EMFs.
Other
Nuclear
Insurance
(PPL and PPL Energy
Supply)
PPL
Susquehanna is a member of certain insurance programs that provide coverage for
property damage to members' nuclear generating stations. Facilities
at the Susquehanna station are insured against property damage losses up to
$2.75 billion under these programs. PPL Susquehanna is also a member
of an insurance program that provides insurance coverage for the cost of
replacement power during prolonged outages of nuclear units caused by certain
specified conditions. Under the property and replacement power
insurance programs, PPL Susquehanna could be assessed retroactive premiums in
the event of the insurers' adverse loss experience. At March 31,
2008, this maximum assessment was about $38 million.
In the
event of a nuclear incident at the Susquehanna station, PPL Susquehanna's public
liability for claims resulting from such incident would be limited to about
$10.8 billion under provisions of The Price-Anderson Act Amendments under the
Energy Policy Act of 2005. PPL Susquehanna is protected against this
liability by a combination of commercial insurance and an industry assessment
program. In the event of a nuclear incident at any of the reactors
covered by The Price-Anderson Act Amendments under the Energy Policy Act of
2005, PPL Susquehanna could be assessed up to $201 million per incident, payable
at $30 million per year.
Guarantees and Other
Assurances
(PPL,
PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)
In the
normal course of business, PPL, PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric enter into
agreements that provide financial performance assurance to third parties on
behalf of certain subsidiaries. Such agreements include, for example,
guarantees, stand-by letters of credit issued by financial institutions and
surety bonds issued by insurance companies. These agreements are
entered into primarily to support or enhance the creditworthiness attributed to
a subsidiary on a stand-alone basis or to facilitate the commercial activities
in which these subsidiaries enter.
(PPL)
PPL fully
and unconditionally guarantees all of the debt securities of PPL Capital
Funding.
(PPL,
PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)
The table
below provides an update to those guarantees that are within the scope of FIN 45
and are specifically disclosed in Note 15 to the Financial Statements
contained in each Registrant's 2007 Form 10-K.
|
|
Recorded
Liability at
|
|
Exposure
at
March
31, 2008 (a)
|
|
|
|
|
March
31, 2008
|
|
December
31, 2007
|
|
|
Expiration
Date
|
PPL
Energy Supply
(
b
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Letters
of credit issued on behalf of affiliates
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
9
|
(c)
|
|
2009
|
|
Retroactive
premiums under nuclear insurance programs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
|
|
Nuclear
claims under The Price-Anderson Act Amendments under The Energy Policy Act
of 2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
201
|
(d)
|
|
|
|
Indemnifications
for entities in liquidation and sales of assets
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
|
313
|
(e)
|
|
2008
to 2012
|
|
Indemnification
to operators of jointly-owned facilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6
|
(f)
|
|
|
(f)
|
Assignment
of Enron claims
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
(g)
|
|
|
(g)
|
WPD
guarantee of pension and other obligations of unconsolidated
entities
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
39
|
(h)
|
|
2017
|
|
Tax
indemnification related to unconsolidated WPD affiliates
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10
|
(i)
|
|
2012
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PPL
Electric
(
b
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Guarantee
of a portion of an unconsolidated entity's debt
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7
|
(j)
|
|
2008
|
|
(a)
|
|
Represents
the estimated maximum potential amount of future payments that could be
required to be made under the guarantee.
|
(b)
|
|
Other
than the letters of credit, all guarantees of PPL Energy Supply and PPL
Electric also apply to PPL on a consolidated basis.
|
(c)
|
|
Represents
letters of credit issued at the direction of PPL Energy Supply for the
benefit of third parties for assurance against nonperformance by PPL and
PPL Gas Utilities. This is not a guarantee by PPL on a
consolidated basis.
|
(d)
|
|
Amount
is per incident.
|
(e)
|
|
PPL
Energy Supply's maximum exposure with respect to certain indemnifications
and the expiration of the indemnifications cannot be estimated because, in
the case of certain of the indemnification provisions, the maximum
potential liability is not capped by the transaction documents and the
expiration date is based on the applicable statute of
limitations. The exposure noted is only for those cases in
which the agreements provide for a specific limit on the amount of the
indemnification.
In
connection with the liquidation of wholly-owned subsidiaries that have
been deconsolidated upon turning the entities over to the liquidators,
certain affiliates of PPL Global have agreed to indemnify the liquidators,
directors and/or the entities themselves for any liabilities or expenses
arising during the liquidation process, including liabilities and expenses
of the entities placed into liquidation. In some cases, the
indemnifications are limited to a maximum amount that is based on
distributions made from the subsidiary to its parent either prior or
subsequent to being placed into liquidation. In other cases,
the maximum amount of the indemnifications is not explicitly stated in the
agreements. The indemnifications generally expire two to seven
years subsequent to the date of dissolution of the
entities. The exposure noted only includes those cases in which
the agreements provide for a specific limit on the amount of the
indemnification, and the expiration date was based on an estimate of the
dissolution date of the entities.
PPL
Energy Supply has provided indemnification to the purchaser of a
generating facility for losses arising out of any breach of the
representations, warranties and covenants under the related transaction
documents and for losses arising with respect to liabilities not
specifically assumed by the purchaser, including certain pre-closing
environmental and tort liabilities. The indemnification other
than for pre-closing environmental and tort liabilities is triggered only
if the purchaser's losses reach $1 million in the aggregate, capped at 50%
of the purchase price (or $95 million), and either expired in May 2007 or
will expire pursuant to applicable statutes of limitations. The
indemnification provision for unknown environmental and tort liabilities
related to periods prior to PPL Energy Supply's ownership of the real
property on which the facility is located is capped at $4 million in the
aggregate and survive for a maximum period of five years after the
transaction closing.
|
(f)
|
|
In
December 2007, PPL Energy Supply executed revised owners agreements for
two jointly-owned facilities, the Keystone and Conemaugh generating
stations. The agreements require that in the event of any
default by an owner, the other owners fund contributions for the operation
of the generating stations, based upon their ownership
percentage. The maximum obligation among all owners, for each
station, is currently $20 million. The non-defaulting owners,
who make up the defaulting owner's obligations, are entitled to the
generation entitlement of the defaulting owner, based upon their ownership
percentage. The agreements do not have an expiration
date.
|
(g)
|
|
In
July 2006, two subsidiaries of PPL Energy Supply assigned their Enron
claims to an independent third party (claims purchaser). In
connection with the assignment, the subsidiaries agreed to repay a pro
rata share of the purchase price paid by the claims purchaser, plus
interest, in the event that any of the assigned claims are disallowed
under certain circumstances. The bankruptcy court overseeing
the Enron bankruptcy approved the assigned claims prior to their
assignment to the claims purchaser. The subsidiaries' repayment
obligations will remain in effect until the claims purchaser has received
all distributions with respect to the assigned claims.
|
(h)
|
|
As
a result of the privatization of the utility industry in the U.K., certain
electric associations' roles and responsibilities were discontinued or
modified. As a result, certain obligations, primarily
pension-related, associated with these organizations have been guaranteed
by the participating members. Costs are allocated to the
members based on predetermined percentages as outlined in specific
agreements. However, if a member becomes insolvent, costs can
be reallocated to and are guaranteed by the remaining
members. At March 31, 2008, WPD has recorded an estimated
discounted liability based on its current allocated percentage of the
total expected costs. Neither the expiration date nor the
maximum amount of potential payments for certain obligations is explicitly
stated in the related agreements. Therefore, they have been
estimated based on the types of obligations.
|
(i)
|
|
Two
WPD unconsolidated affiliates were refinanced during
2005. Under the terms of the refinancing, WPD has indemnified
the lender against certain tax and other liabilities. At this
time, WPD believes that the likelihood of such liabilities arising is
remote.
|
(j)
|
|
Reflects
principal payments only.
|
PPL, PPL
Energy Supply and PPL Electric and their subsidiaries provide other
miscellaneous guarantees through contracts entered into in the normal course of
business. These guarantees are primarily in the form of
indemnifications or warranties related to services or equipment and vary in
duration. The obligated amounts of these guarantees often are not
explicitly stated, and the overall maximum amount of the obligation under such
guarantees cannot be reasonably estimated. Historically, PPL, PPL
Energy Supply and PPL Electric and their subsidiaries have not made any
significant payments with respect to these types of guarantees. At
inception, the aggregate fair value of these indemnifications related to
arrangements entered into subsequent to December 31, 2002, was
insignificant.
11.
|
Related
Party Transactions
|
Affiliate
Trust
(PPL and PPL
Energy Supply)
In
February 2007, WPD LLP redeemed all of the 8.23% Subordinated Debentures
maturing in February 2027 that were held by SIUK Capital Trust
I. Interest expense on this obligation was $2 million for the three
months ended March 31, 2007. The redemption resulted in a
recorded loss of $2 million during the three months ended March 31,
2007. This interest expense and loss are both reflected in "Interest
Expense" for PPL and "Interest Expense with Affiliates" for PPL Energy Supply on
the Statement of Income. See Note 22 in each Registrant's 2007 Form
10-K for additional information on the trust.
PLR
Contracts
(PPL Energy
Supply and PPL Electric)
PPL
Electric has power sales agreements with PPL EnergyPlus, effective July 2000 and
January 2002, in which PPL EnergyPlus will supply PPL Electric's entire PLR load
through December 31, 2009. Under these contracts, PPL EnergyPlus
provides electricity at the predetermined capped prices that PPL Electric is
authorized to charge its PLR customers. For the three months ended
March 31, 2008 and 2007, these purchases totaled $489 million and $481
million. These purchases include nuclear decommissioning recovery and
amortization of an up-front contract payment and are included in the Statements
of Income as "Wholesale energy marketing to affiliate" by PPL Energy Supply, and
as "Energy purchases from affiliate" by PPL Electric.
Under one
of the PLR contracts, PPL Electric is required to make performance assurance
deposits with PPL EnergyPlus when the market price of electricity is less than
the contract price by more than its contract collateral
threshold. Conversely, PPL EnergyPlus is required to make performance
assurance deposits with PPL Electric when the market price of electricity is
greater than the contract price by more than its contract collateral
threshold. PPL Electric estimated that at March 31, 2008, the
market price of electricity would exceed the contract price by approximately
$3.1 billion. Accordingly, at March 31, 2008, PPL Energy Supply was
required to provide PPL Electric with performance assurance of $300 million, the
maximum amount required under the contract. PPL Energy Supply's
deposit with PPL Electric was $300 million at both March 31, 2008 and December
31, 2007. This deposit is shown on the Balance Sheets as "Collateral
on PLR energy supply to/from affiliate," a current asset of PPL Energy Supply
and a current liability of PPL Electric. PPL Electric pays interest
equal to the one-month LIBOR plus 0.5% on this deposit, which is included in
"Interest Expense with Affiliate" on the Statements of Income. PPL
Energy Supply records the receipt of the interest as affiliated interest income,
which is included in "Other Income - net" on the Statements of
Income. For the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, interest
related to this deposit was $3 million and $4 million.
In 2001,
PPL Electric made a $90 million up-front payment to PPL EnergyPlus in connection
with the PLR contracts. The up-front payment is being amortized by
both parties over the term of the PLR contracts. The unamortized
balance of this payment and other payments under the contract was $21 million
and $24 million at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007. The
current and noncurrent balances are reported on the Balance Sheets as "Deferred
revenue on PLR energy supply to affiliate" by PPL Energy Supply, and as
"Prepayment on PLR energy supply from affiliate" by PPL Electric.
Under
Pennsylvania law and PUC regulations, PPL Electric is required to buy
electricity generation supply for customers who do not choose a competitive
supplier. PPL Electric has conducted three of its six planned
competitive solicitations for generation supply in 2010, after its existing PLR
contract expires. Competitive bids have been solicited for 2,550 MW
of generation supply, or one-half of PPL Electric's expected supply requirements
for these customers in 2010. An independent company, NERA Economic
Consulting (NERA), is managing this competitive solicitation
process. NERA compiles the results and presents them to the
PUC. The first 850 MW solicitation results were presented to and
approved by the PUC in July 2007. The second 850 MW solicitation
results were presented to and approved by the PUC in October
2007. The third 850 MW solicitation results were presented to and
approved by the PUC in March 2008. Additional bids will be sought in
the fall of 2008 and twice in 2009 to secure the remainder of supply needed to
serve PPL Electric's customers in 2010.
PPL
EnergyPlus was one of the successful bidders in the July 2007 competitive
solicitation process and has entered into an agreement with PPL Electric to
supply up to 671 MW of total peak load in 2010, at an average price of $91.42
per MWh.
Under the
standard Supply Master Agreement for the bid solicitation process, PPL Electric
requires all suppliers to post collateral once credit exposures exceed defined
credit limits. In no instance is PPL Electric required to post
collateral to suppliers under these supply contracts. PPL EnergyPlus
is required to post collateral with PPL Electric when the market price of
electricity to be delivered by PPL EnergyPlus exceeds the contract price for the
forecasted quantity of electricity to be delivered and this market price
exposure exceeds a contractual credit limit. Based on the current
credit rating of PPL Energy Supply, as guarantor, this credit limit is $35
million.
At March
31, 2008, PPL Electric has credit exposure to PPL EnergyPlus under the PLR
contracts and the July 2007 supply contract discussed above, of $3.1
billion. As a result of netting arrangements, PPL Electric's credit
exposure was reduced to $2.6 billion.
PPL
Energy Supply has credit exposure to PPL Electric under the PLR
contracts. At March 31, 2008, PPL Energy Supply's credit exposure
with PPL Electric was $156 million, excluding the effects of netting
arrangements. As a result of netting arrangements, PPL Energy
Supply's credit exposure was reduced to zero.
NUG
Purchases
(PPL Energy
Supply and PPL Electric)
PPL
Electric has a reciprocal contract with PPL EnergyPlus to sell electricity
purchased under contracts with NUGs. PPL Electric purchases
electricity from the NUGs at contractual rates and then sells the electricity at
the same price to PPL EnergyPlus. For the three months ended March
31, 2008 and 2007, these NUG purchases totaled $28 million and $37
million. These amounts are included in the Statements of Income as
"Wholesale electric to affiliate" by PPL Electric, and as "Energy purchases from
affiliate" by PPL Energy Supply.
Allocations of Corporate Service
Costs
(PPL
Energy Supply and PPL Electric
)
PPL
Services provides corporate functions such as financial, legal, human resources
and information services. PPL Services charges the respective PPL
subsidiaries for the cost of such services when they can be specifically
identified. The cost of these services that is not directly charged
to PPL subsidiaries is allocated to certain subsidiaries based on an average of
the subsidiaries' relative invested capital, operation and maintenance expenses,
and number of employees. PPL Services allocated the following
amounts, which PPL management believes are reasonable, to PPL Energy Supply and
PPL Electric, including amounts applied to accounts that are further distributed
between capital and expense.
|
Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PPL
Energy Supply
|
$
|
51
|
|
$
|
59
|
|
PPL
Electric
|
|
27
|
|
|
32
|
|
Intercompany
Borrowings
(PPL
Energy Supply)
PPL
Energy Supply had no notes receivable from affiliates at March 31, 2008 and
December 31, 2007. Interest earned on loans to affiliates, included
in "Other Income - net" on the Statements of Income, was $2 million and $1
million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007.
(
PPL Electric)
In August
2004, a PPL Electric subsidiary issued a $300 million demand note to an
affiliate. There was no balance outstanding at March 31, 2008, and a
$277 million balance outstanding at December 31, 2007. Interest
is due quarterly at a rate equal to the 3-month LIBOR plus 1%. This
note is shown on the Balance Sheet as "Note receivable from
affiliate." Interest earned on the note is included in "Other Income
- net" on the Statements of Income, and was $3 million and $5 million for the
three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007.
Intercompany Derivatives
(PPL
Energy Supply)
In 2007
and 2008, PPL Energy Supply entered into a combination of average rate forwards
and average rate options with PPL to sell British pounds
sterling. These hedging instruments have terms identical to average
rate forwards and average rate options entered into by PPL with third parties to
protect the translation of expected income denominated in British pounds
sterling to U.S. dollars. At March 31, 2008, the total exposure
hedged was £66 million and the net fair value of these positions was not
significant. No similar hedging instruments were outstanding at
December 31, 2007. Gains and losses, both realized and unrealized, on
these types of hedging instruments are included in "Other income - net" on the
Statements of Income. For each of the three months ended March 31,
2008 and 2007, PPL Energy Supply recorded net losses of $1 million.
In 2007,
PPL Energy Supply also entered into forward contracts with PPL to sell British
pounds sterling to protect the value of a portion of its net investment in
WPD. These hedging instruments have terms identical to forward sales
contracts entered into by PPL with third parties. The total notional
amount of the contracts outstanding at March 31, 2008 was £68 million
(approximately $134 million). The fair value of these positions was
$5 million and $3 million at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, and is
reflected in the foreign currency translation adjustment component of
accumulated other comprehensive loss and "Other Noncurrent Assets - Price risk
management assets" on the Balance Sheets.
Trademark Royalties
(
PPL
Energy Supply)
A PPL
subsidiary owns PPL trademarks and bills certain affiliates for their
use. PPL Energy Supply was allocated $9 million of this license fee
for both the three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007. These
allocations of the license fee are primarily included in "Other operation and
maintenance" on the Statements of Income.
(PPL,
PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)
The
breakdown of "Other Income - net" was:
|
Three
Months Ended
March
31,
|
PPL
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
Other
Income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
income
|
$
|
10
|
|
|
$
|
12
|
|
Hyder
liquidation distributions (Note 8)
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
Gain
on transfer of international equity investment (Note 8)
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
Gain
on sale of real estate
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
Earnings
on nuclear decommissioning trust
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
2
|
|
Miscellaneous
- Domestic
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
Total
|
|
12
|
|
|
|
32
|
|
Other
Deductions
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Charitable
contributions
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
Miscellaneous
- International
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
Miscellaneous
- Domestic
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
Other
Income - net
|
$
|
8
|
|
|
$
|
27
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PPL Energy
Supply
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
Income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest
income
|
$
|
7
|
|
|
$
|
8
|
|
Affiliated
interest income (Note 11)
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
Hyder
liquidation distributions (Note 8)
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
Gain
on transfer of international equity investment (Note 8)
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
Earnings
on nuclear decommissioning trust
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
2
|
|
Miscellaneous
- Domestic
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
Total
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
28
|
|
Other
Deductions
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Miscellaneous
- International
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
Miscellaneous
- Domestic
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
Other
Income - net
|
$
|
11
|
|
|
$
|
24
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PPL
Electric
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
Income
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Affiliated
interest income (Note 11)
|
$
|
3
|
|
|
$
|
5
|
|
Interest
income
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
Gain
on sale of real estate
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
Total
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
12
|
|
Other
Deductions
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
Income - net
|
$
|
5
|
|
|
$
|
12
|
|
13.
|
Fair
Value Measurements
|
(PPL,
PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)
Adoption
of SFAS 157
Effective
January 1, 2008, PPL and its subsidiaries adopted SFAS 157, as amended, as
discussed in Note 2. SFAS 157 provides a definition of fair value as
well as a framework for measuring fair value. In addition, SFAS 157
expands the fair value disclosure requirements of other accounting
pronouncements to require, among other things, disclosure of the methods and
assumptions used to measure fair value as well as the earnings impact of certain
fair value measurement techniques.
As
defined by SFAS 157, fair value is the price that would be received to sell an
asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market
participants at the measurement date (an exit price). Consistent with
the valuation techniques identified in SFAS 157, PPL and its subsidiaries use,
as appropriate, a market approach (generally, data from market transactions), an
income approach (generally, present value techniques), and/or a cost approach
(generally, replacement cost) to measure the fair value of an asset or
liability. These valuation approaches incorporate inputs such as
observable, independent market data and/or unobservable data
that management believes are predicated on the assumptions market
participants would use to price an asset or liability. These inputs
may incorporate, as applicable, certain risks such as nonperformance risk, which
includes credit risk.
SFAS 157
established a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure
fair value into three broad levels. The hierarchy gives the highest
priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities
and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. The level in the fair
value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety is
classified is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to
the fair value measurement in its entirety. SFAS 157 recognizes that
assessing the significance of a particular input requires judgment that
considers factors specific to the asset or liability. As such, PPL
and its subsidiaries' assessment of the significance of a particular input may
affect the placement of assets and liabilities within the fair value
hierarchy.
The three
levels of the fair value hierarchy as specified by SFAS 157 are:
·
|
Level 1
- quoted prices
in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Active markets
are those in which transactions for the asset or liability occur with
sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an
ongoing basis.
|
|
|
·
|
Level 2
- inputs other
than quoted prices in active markets, that are either directly or
indirectly observable for substantially the full term of the asset or
liability.
|
|
|
·
|
Level 3
-
unobservable
inputs that management believes are predicated on the assumptions market
participants would use to price the asset or
liability.
|
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
The
assets and liabilities measured at fair value in accordance with SFAS 157
at March 31, 2008 were:
|
|
|
Fair
Value Measurements Using
|
|
|
Total
|
|
Quoted
Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets/
Liabilities
(Level
1)
|
|
Significant
Other Observable Inputs
(Level
2)
|
|
Significant
Unobservable Inputs
(Level
3)
|
PPL
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Price
risk management assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Energy
commodities
|
|
$
|
1,850
|
|
|
$
|
18
|
|
|
$
|
1,545
|
|
|
$
|
287
|
|
Interest
rate/foreign exchange
|
|
|
82
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
82
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,932
|
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
|
1,627
|
|
|
|
287
|
|
Nuclear
plant decommissioning trust funds
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity
securities
|
|
|
200
|
|
|
|
200
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commingled
equity index funds
|
|
|
123
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
123
|
|
|
|
|
|
Debt
securities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S.
Treasury
|
|
|
94
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
94
|
|
|
|
|
|
Municipality
|
|
|
58
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
58
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
|
|
|
15
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
530
|
|
|
|
210
|
|
|
|
320
|
|
|
|
|
|
Auction
rate securities
|
|
|
40
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
40
|
|
|
|
$
|
2,502
|
|
|
$
|
228
|
|
|
$
|
1,947
|
|
|
$
|
327
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Price
risk management liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Energy
commodities
|
|
$
|
2,111
|
|
|
$
|
16
|
|
|
$
|
2,015
|
|
|
$
|
80
|
|
Interest
rate/foreign exchange
|
|
|
149
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
149
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
2,260
|
|
|
$
|
16
|
|
|
$
|
2,164
|
|
|
$
|
80
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PPL
Energy
Supply
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Price
risk management assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Energy
commodities
|
|
$
|
1,850
|
|
|
$
|
18
|
|
|
$
|
1,545
|
|
|
$
|
287
|
|
Interest
rate/foreign exchange
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
34
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,884
|
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
|
1,579
|
|
|
|
287
|
|
Nuclear
plant decommissioning trust funds
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity
securities
|
|
|
200
|
|
|
|
200
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commingled
equity index funds
|
|
|
123
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
123
|
|
|
|
|
|
Debt
securities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S.
Treasury
|
|
|
94
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
94
|
|
|
|
|
|
Municipality
|
|
|
58
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
58
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
|
|
|
15
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
530
|
|
|
|
210
|
|
|
|
320
|
|
|
|
|
|
Auction
rate securities
|
|
|
35
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
35
|
|
|
|
$
|
2,449
|
|
|
$
|
228
|
|
|
$
|
1,899
|
|
|
$
|
322
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Price
risk management liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Energy
commodities
|
|
$
|
2,111
|
|
|
$
|
16
|
|
|
$
|
2,015
|
|
|
$
|
80
|
|
Interest
rate/foreign exchange
|
|
|
137
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
137
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
2,248
|
|
|
$
|
16
|
|
|
$
|
2,152
|
|
|
$
|
80
|
|
A
reconciliation of assets and liabilities classified as Level 3 is as
follows:
|
|
Fair
Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level
3)
|
|
|
|
Energy
Commodities, net
|
|
Auction
Rate Securities
|
|
Total
|
|
PPL
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at
January 1, 2008
|
|
$
|
134
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
134
|
|
Total
gains or losses (realized/unrealized)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Included
in earnings (a)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Included
in other comprehensive income
|
|
|
73
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
73
|
|
Purchases,
sales, issuances and settlements, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Transfers
in and/or out of Level 3
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
40
|
|
|
|
40
|
|
Balance
at March 31, 2008
|
|
$
|
207
|
|
|
$
|
40
|
|
|
$
|
247
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
amount of total gains or losses for the period included in earnings
attributable to the change in unrealized gains and losses relating to
assets or liabilities still held at March 31, 2008
(a)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PPL Energy
Supply
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
at January 1, 2008
|
|
$
|
134
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
134
|
|
Total
gains or losses (realized/unrealized)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Included
in earnings (a)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Included
in other comprehensive income
|
|
|
73
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
73
|
|
Purchases,
sales, issuances and settlements, net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Transfers
in and/or out of Level 3
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
35
|
|
|
|
35
|
|
Balance
at March 31, 2008
|
|
$
|
207
|
|
|
$
|
35
|
|
|
$
|
242
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
amount of total gains or losses for the period included in earnings
attributable to the change in unrealized gains and losses relating to
assets or liabilities still held at March 31, 2008
(a)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a)
|
|
These
amounts are classified in "Net energy trading margins" on the Statements
of Income.
|
Price Risk Management
Assets/Liabilities - Energy Commodities
The only
energy commodity contracts classified as Level 1 are exchange-traded derivative
gas contracts. Over-the-counter (OTC) contracts are valued using
quotes obtained from an exchange, brokers, prices posted by ISOs or published
tariff rates. These OTC contracts include forwards, swaps, options
and structured deals for electricity, gas, oil, and/or emission allowances and
may be offset with similar positions in exchange-traded markets. To
the extent possible, fair value measurements utilize various inputs that include
quoted prices for similar contracts or market-corroborated inputs. In
certain instances, these instruments may be valued using models, including
standard option valuation models. For example, the fair value of a
structured deal that delivers power to an illiquid delivery point may be
measured by valuing the nearest liquid trading point plus the value of the basis
between the two points. The basis input may be from market quotes,
FTR prices, or historical prices. When observable inputs are used to
measure most of the value of a contract, the contract is classified as Level
2. When the unobservable inputs are significant to the fair value
measurement, the contract is classified as Level 3. Additionally,
Level 2 and Level 3 fair value measurements include adjustments for credit risk
based on PPL's own creditworthiness (for net liabilities) and its
counterparties' creditworthiness (for net assets) by applying probabilities of
default obtained from an independent service. For Level 3 fair value
measurements, PPL also assesses the need for additional adjustments for
liquidity or modeling risks; however, PPL's overall need for liquidity
adjustments has declined significantly due to the greater reliance on market
prices. The contracts classified as Level 3 represent contracts for
which the delivery dates are beyond the dates for which independent prices are
available.
Price Risk Management
Assets/Liabilities - Interest Rate/Foreign Exchange
Treasury
instruments include forward starting swaps, fixed-to-floating swaps, forwards
and options for foreign exchange contracts, and cross currency
swaps. Fair value for these instruments is obtained from pricing
services; alternatively, the valuation may be done by an independent external
source, such as a bank, and then validated by PPL's risk management
group. As noted above, these fair value measurements also include
adjustments for credit risk.
Nuclear Plant
Decommissioning Trust Funds
PPL and
PPL Energy Supply generally use the market approach to measure the fair value of
the securities held in the nuclear plant decommissioning trust
funds.
Auction Rate
Securities
At March
31, 2008, PPL reported on the Balance Sheet $11 million of auction rate
securities as "Short-term investments" and $29 million as "Investments-Other"
and PPL Energy Supply reported $11 million as "Short-term investments" and $24
million as "Investments-Other." PPL's and PPL Energy Supply's auction
rate securities include Federal Family Education Loan Program's guaranteed
student loan revenue bonds as well as various municipal bond issues, all of
which are rated investment grade by at least two credit rating agencies, which
include Fitch, Moody's and S&P. Auction rate securities have
normally been remarketed on a short-term basis with auction dates commonly set
at seven day, 28-day, 35-day or 49-day intervals. Recent investor
concerns over insurers who guarantee the credit of certain of the underlying
securities and other conditions have led to auction failures in recent
months. In certain instances, this has resulted in investors
continuing to own these securities, generally at higher interest
rates. The issuers of these securities have the ability to call these
securities at par on an interest payment date. Auction rate
securities were transferred into Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy during the
three months ended March 31, 2008. The failed auctions limit the
amount of observable market data that is available for measuring the fair value
of these securities. When measuring the fair value of these
securities at March 31, 2008, PPL and PPL Energy Supply considered the credit
quality of the security, the issuer's par call option, the reset interest rate
and the current lack of liquidity in the market for auction rate
securities. Additionally, subsequent to March 31, 2008, an aggregate
of $11 million of PPL's and PPL Energy Supply's auction rate securities have
either been liquidated or called for redemption by the issuers at par.
Based on these factors, fair value was estimated to equal the stated par
value for these securities.
14.
|
Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities
|
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
Fair Value
Hedges
PPL and
PPL Energy Supply enter into financial contracts to hedge fluctuations in the
fair value of existing debt issuances, which range in maturity through 2047 for
PPL and 2046 for PPL Energy Supply. PPL and PPL Energy Supply also
enter into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge the exchange rates
associated with firm commitments denominated in foreign
currencies. These forward contracts range in maturity
through 2008.
PPL and
PPL Energy Supply did not recognize significant gains or losses resulting from
hedges of firm commitments that no longer qualified as fair value hedges for the
three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007. PPL and PPL Energy Supply
also did not recognize any gains or losses resulting from the ineffective
portion of fair value hedges for these periods.
Cash Flow
Hedges
PPL and
PPL Energy Supply enter into financial and physical contracts, including
forwards, futures, swaps and options, to hedge the price risk associated with
electric, gas, oil and other commodities. These contracts range in
maturity through 2017. Additionally, PPL and PPL Energy Supply enter
into financial interest rate swap contracts to hedge floating interest rate risk
associated with both existing and anticipated debt issuances. These
interest rate swap contracts have maturity dates
in 2018. PPL and PPL Energy Supply also enter into foreign
currency contracts to hedge the cash flows associated with foreign
currency-denominated debt, the exchange rates associated with firm commitments
denominated in foreign currencies and the net investment in foreign
operations. These contracts range in maturity through
2028.
Net
investment hedge activity is reported in the foreign currency translation
adjustment component of other comprehensive income. These contracts
range in maturity through 2011. During the three months ended March
31, 2008 and 2007, PPL and PPL Energy Supply recognized net investment hedge
gains, after tax, of $2 million and an insignificant amount in other
comprehensive income. At March 31, 2008, $2 million of accumulated
net investment hedge losses, after tax, were included in the foreign currency
translation adjustment component of accumulated other comprehensive loss
compared to $4 million at December 31, 2007.
Cash flow
hedges are discontinued if it is no longer probable that the original forecasted
transaction will occur by the end of the originally specified time
periods. In certain instances, amounts previously recorded in
accumulated other comprehensive loss are reclassified to
earnings. Such reclassifications during the three months ended March
31, 2008 and 2007 were insignificant.
For the
three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, hedge ineffectiveness associated
with energy derivatives was, after tax, insignificant and a loss of $3
million.
For the
three months ended March 31, 2008 and 2007, hedge ineffectiveness associated
with interest rate and foreign currency derivatives was not
significant.
This
table shows the accumulated net unrealized after-tax losses on qualifying
derivatives (excluding net investment hedges), which are included in accumulated
other comprehensive loss.
|
|
Three
Months Ended
March
31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
PPL
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning
of period
|
|
$
|
(192
|
)
|
|
$
|
(51
|
)
|
Net
change associated with current period hedging activities and
other
|
|
|
(43
|
)
|
|
|
16
|
|
Net
change from reclassification into earnings
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
|
16
|
|
End
of period
|
|
$
|
(218
|
)
|
|
$
|
(19
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PPL Energy
Supply
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning
of period
|
|
$
|
(188
|
)
|
|
$
|
(52
|
)
|
Net
change associated with current period hedging activities and
other
|
|
|
(40
|
)
|
|
|
18
|
|
Net
change from reclassification into earnings
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
|
15
|
|
End
of period
|
|
$
|
(209
|
)
|
|
$
|
(19
|
)
|
At March
31, 2008, the accumulated net unrealized after-tax losses on qualifying
derivatives that are expected to be reclassified into earnings during the next
12 months are $58 million for PPL and $62 million for PPL Energy
Supply. Amounts are reclassified as the energy contracts go to
delivery and as interest payments are made.
Normal Purchase/Normal Sale
Exception
PPL's and
PPL Energy Supply's "normal" portfolio includes derivative contracts for full
requirements energy, emission allowances, gas and capacity; these contracts
range in maturity through 2012. Due to the "normal" election
permitted by SFAS 133, these contracts receive accrual
accounting. The net fair value of these contracts was:
|
|
Gains
(Losses)
|
|
|
March
31, 2008
|
|
December
31, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PPL
|
|
$
|
(506
|
)
|
|
$
|
(140
|
)
|
PPL
Energy Supply
|
|
|
(506
|
)
|
|
|
(138
|
)
|
Economic
Activity
PPL and
PPL Energy Supply have entered into energy derivative transactions that
economically hedge a specific risk, but do not qualify for hedge accounting
under SFAS 133. The unrealized gains and losses on these transactions
are considered non-trading activities and are reflected on the Statements of
Income in "Wholesale energy marketing" or "Energy-related businesses" revenues,
or "Fuel" or "Energy purchases" expenses. For the three months ending
March 31, 2008 and 2007, the pre-tax net unrealized gains reflected in earnings
from these transactions were $86 million and $12 million.
The net
unrealized gains recorded in 2008 and 2007 resulted primarily from the
mark-to-market on purchases to supply the full requirements contracts referenced
in the "Normal Purchase/Normal Sale Exception" section above. Since
power prices have increased during the period, these fixed-price purchase
contracts resulted in unrealized gains. These purchases either did
not qualify for hedge accounting or hedge accounting was not
elected. As discussed above, the mark-to-market on the associated
fixed-price sales contracts is generally not reflected in the Statements of
Income as these contracts qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales
exception under SFAS 133.
Credit
Concentration
(PPL,
PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)
PPL and
its subsidiaries enter into contracts with many entities for the purchase and
sale of energy. Many of these contracts are considered a normal part
of doing business and, as such, the fair value of these contracts is not
reflected in the financial statements. However, the fair value of
these contracts is considered when committing to new business from a credit
perspective.
PPL and
its subsidiaries have credit exposure to energy trading partners. The
majority of these exposures are the fair value of multi-year contracts for
energy sales and purchases. Therefore, if these counterparties fail
to perform their obligations under such contracts, PPL and its subsidiaries
would not experience an immediate financial loss but would experience lower
revenues or higher costs in future years to the extent that replacement sales or
purchases could not be made at the same prices as those under the defaulted
contracts.
PPL and
its subsidiaries generally have the right to request collateral, in the forms of
cash or letters of credit, from their counterparties in the event that the
counterparties' credit ratings fall below investment grade or their exposure
exceeds an established credit limit. It is also the policy of PPL and
its subsidiaries to enter into netting agreements with their counterparties to
limit credit exposure.
(PPL)
At March
31, 2008, PPL had credit exposure of $2.2 billion to energy trading partners,
excluding the effects of netting arrangements. As a result of netting
and collateral arrangements, PPL's credit exposure was reduced to $469
million. One of the counterparties accounted for 30% of the net
exposure and no other individual counterparty accounted for more than 10% of the
exposure. Ten counterparties accounted for $343 million, or 73%, of
the total exposure. Eight of these counterparties had an investment
grade credit rating from S&P and accounted for 52% of the top 10
exposure. The two counterparties that are not rated investment grade
have posted collateral in the form of a letter of credit pursuant to the terms
and conditions of their respective contracts, and both counterparties are
current on their obligations.
(PPL
Energy Supply)
At March
31, 2008, PPL Energy Supply had credit exposure of $2.2 billion to energy
trading partners, excluding the effects of netting arrangements. As a
result of netting and collateral arrangements, PPL Energy Supply's credit
exposure was reduced to $419 million. One of the counterparties
accounted for 33% of the net exposure and no other individual counterparty
accounted for more than 11% of the exposure. Ten counterparties
accounted for $339 million, or 81%, of the total exposure. Seven of
these counterparties had an investment grade credit rating from S&P and
accounted for 48% of the top 10 exposure. Two of the counterparties
that are not rated investment grade have posted collateral in the form of a
letter of credit pursuant to the terms and conditions of their respective
contracts, and all three counterparties are current on their
obligations.
PPL
Energy Supply has credit exposure to PPL Electric under the long-term contract
for PPL EnergyPlus to supply PPL Electric's PLR load. This exposure
is excluded from the exposure discussed above. See Note 11 for
additional information on the related party credit exposure.
(PPL
Electric)
At March
31, 2008, PPL Electric had credit exposure of $50 million as a result of its two
solicitation bids in 2007 and one solicitation bid in 2008 for the 2010 PLR
supply. The successful bidders were eight suppliers, all of which had
an investment grade credit rating from S&P.
PPL
EnergyPlus was one of the successful bidders in the first competitive
solicitation process. PPL Electric has credit exposure to PPL Energy
Supply under the PLR contracts and the first competitive
solicitation. These exposures are excluded from the exposure
discussed above. See Note 11 for additional information on the
related party credit exposure.
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
The
changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill by segment were:
|
Supply
|
|
International
Delivery
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance
at December 31, 2007
|
$
|
94
|
|
|
$
|
897
|
|
|
$
|
991
|
|
|
Effect
of foreign currency exchange rates
|
|
|
|
|
|
(29
|
)
|
|
|
(29
|
)
|
|
Balance
at March 31, 2008
|
$
|
94
|
|
|
$
|
868
|
|
|
$
|
962
|
|
|
(PPL)
At March
31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, $55 million of goodwill has been classified as
"Assets held for sale" on the Balance Sheets due to the anticipated sale of the
natural gas distribution and propane businesses. These businesses are
a component of the Pennsylvania Delivery segment. See Note 8 for
additional information.
16.
|
Asset
Retirement Obligations
|
(PPL
and PPL Energy Supply)
The
change in the carrying amounts of the AROs was:
AROs
at December 31, 2007
|
|
$
|
376
|
|
|
Accretion
expense
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
Obligations
settled
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
|
AROs
at March 31, 2008
|
|
$
|
380
|
|
|
Changes
in ARO costs and settlement dates, which affect the carrying value of AROs, are
reviewed periodically to ensure that any material changes are incorporated into
the latest estimate of the obligation.
Funds in
the nuclear plant decommissioning trust are legally restricted for purposes of
settling PPL's and PPL Energy Supply's ARO related to the decommissioning of the
Susquehanna station. PPL Electric collects authorized nuclear
decommissioning costs through the CTC. These revenues are passed on
to PPL EnergyPlus under the power supply agreements between PPL Electric and PPL
EnergyPlus. Similarly, these revenues are passed on to PPL
Susquehanna under a power supply agreement between PPL EnergyPlus and PPL
Susquehanna. These revenues, less applicable taxes, are used to fund
the nuclear plant decommissioning trust funds and can only be used for future
decommissioning costs. The aggregate fair value of the nuclear plant
decommissioning trust funds was $530 million as of March 31, 2008, and $555
million as of December 31, 2007. See Note 13 for additional
information on the March 31, 2008 fair value.
17.
|
Restricted
Cash and Cash Equivalents
|
(PPL,
PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)
The
following table details the components of restricted cash and cash equivalents
by reporting entity and by type.
|
|
March
31, 2008
|
|
|
PPL
|
|
PPL
Energy Supply
|
|
PPL
Electric
|
Current:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Collateral
for letters of credit (a)
|
|
$
|
41
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
41
|
|
Deposits
for trading purposes with NYMEX broker
|
|
|
165
|
|
|
$
|
165
|
|
|
|
|
|
Counterparty
collateral
|
|
|
59
|
|
|
|
59
|
|
|
|
|
|
Client
deposits
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
WPD
customer deposits
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
current
|
|
|
278
|
|
|
|
227
|
|
|
|
41
|
|
Noncurrent:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Required
deposits of WPD (b)
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
|
|
|
PPL
Transition Bond Company Indenture reserves (c)
|
|
|
44
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
44
|
|
Escrowed
funds related to Exempt Facility Revenue Bonds
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
noncurrent
|
|
|
81
|
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
|
44
|
|
|
|
$
|
359
|
|
|
$
|
264
|
|
|
$
|
85
|
|
|
|
December
31, 2007
|
|
|
PPL
|
|
PPL
Energy Supply
|
|
PPL
Electric
|
Current:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Collateral
for letters of credit (a)
|
|
$
|
41
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
41
|
|
Deposits
for trading purposes with NYMEX broker
|
|
|
119
|
|
|
$
|
119
|
|
|
|
|
|
Counterparty
collateral
|
|
|
26
|
|
|
|
26
|
|
|
|
|
|
Client
deposits
|
|
|
16
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Miscellaneous
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
Total
current
|
|
|
203
|
|
|
|
146
|
|
|
|
42
|
|
Noncurrent:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Required
deposits of WPD (b)
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
|
|
|
PPL
Transition Bond Company Indenture reserves (c)
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
42
|
|
Escrowed
funds related to Exempt Facility Revenue Bonds
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
noncurrent
|
|
|
79
|
|
|
|
37
|
|
|
|
42
|
|
|
|
$
|
282
|
|
|
$
|
183
|
|
|
$
|
84
|
|
(a)
|
|
A
deposit with a financial institution of funds from the asset-backed
commercial paper program to fully collateralize $41 million of letters of
credit at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007. See Note 7 for
further discussion on the asset-backed commercial paper
program.
|
(b)
|
|
Includes
insurance reserves of $17 million at March 31, 2008 and December 31,
2007.
|
(c)
|
|
Credit
enhancement for PPL Transition Bond Company's $2.4 billion Series 1999-1
Bonds to protect against losses or delays in scheduled
payments.
|
18.
|
New
Accounting Standards Pending
Adoption
|
(PPL,
PPL Energy Supply and PPL Electric)
SFAS
141(R)
In
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 141(R), which replaces SFAS
141. PPL and its subsidiaries will adopt SFAS 141(R) prospectively,
effective January 1, 2009. The most significant changes to business
combination accounting pursuant to SFAS 141(R) includes requirements or
amendments to:
·
|
recognize
with certain exceptions, 100% of the fair values of assets acquired,
liabilities assumed, and noncontrolling interests in acquisitions of less
than a 100% controlling interest when the acquisition constitutes a change
in control of the acquired entity;
|
·
|
measure
acquirer shares issued in consideration for a business combination at fair
value on the acquisition date;
|
·
|
recognize
contingent consideration arrangements at the acquisition-date fair values,
with subsequent changes in fair value generally reflected through
earnings;
|
·
|
recognize
pre-acquisition loss and gain contingencies at their acquisition-date fair
values, with certain exceptions;
|
·
|
capitalize
in-process research and development assets acquired;
|
·
|
expense,
as incurred, acquisition-related transaction costs;
|
·
|
capitalize
acquisition-related restructuring costs only if the criteria in SFAS 146,
"Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities," are
met as of the acquisition date;
|
·
|
recognize
changes that result from a business combination transaction in an
acquirer's existing income tax valuation allowances and tax uncertainty
accruals as adjustments to income tax expense;
|
·
|
recognize
changes in unrecognized tax benefits acquired in a business combination,
including business combinations that have occurred prior to January 1,
2009, in income tax expense rather than in goodwill;
and
|
·
|
provide
guidance on the impairment testing of acquired research and development
intangible assets and assets that the acquirer intends not to
use.
|
The
adoption of SFAS 141(R) will impact the accounting for business combinations for
which the acquisition date is on or after January 1, 2009. As noted
above, it will also impact all changes to tax uncertainties and income tax
valuation allowances established for business combinations that have occurred
prior to January 1, 2009. Early adoption is
prohibited. The potential impact of adoption to the financial
statements is not yet determinable, but it could be material.
SFAS
157, as amended
See Note
2 for information regarding PPL and its subsidiaries' election to defer the
application of SFAS 157, as amended, for eligible nonfinancial assets and
liabilities.
SFAS
160
In
December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 160. The objective of SFAS 160 is
to improve the relevancy, comparability, and transparency of the financial
information an entity provides when it has a noncontrolling interest in a
subsidiary and when it deconsolidates a subsidiary. SFAS 160 requires
that:
·
|
The
ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent
be clearly identified, labeled, and presented in the consolidated
statement of financial position within equity, but separate from the
parent's equity.
|
|
|
·
|
The
amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the
noncontrolling interest be clearly identified and presented on the face of
the consolidated statement of income.
|
|
|
·
|
Changes
in a parent's ownership interest while the parent retains its controlling
financial interest in its subsidiary be accounted for
consistently. A parent's ownership interest in a subsidiary
changes if the parent purchases additional ownership interests in its
subsidiary or if the parent sells some of its ownership interests in its
subsidiary. It also changes if the subsidiary reacquires some
of its ownership interests or the subsidiary issues additional ownership
interests. All of those transactions are economically similar,
and SFAS 160 requires that they be accounted for similarly, as equity
transactions.
|
|
|
·
|
When
a subsidiary is deconsolidated, any retained noncontrolling equity
investment in the former subsidiary be initially measured at fair
value. The gain or loss on the deconsolidation of the
subsidiary is measured using the fair value of any noncontrolling equity
investment rather than the carrying amount of that retained
investment.
|
|
|
·
|
Entities
provide sufficient disclosures that clearly identify and distinguish
between the interests of the parent and the interests of the
noncontrolling owners.
|
PPL and
its subsidiaries will adopt SFAS 160 prospectively, effective January 1, 2009,
concurrent with the adoption of SFAS 141(R), except for the presentation and
disclosure requirements, which require retrospective application. The
potential impact of adoption to the financial statements is not yet
determinable, but it could be material.
SFAS
161
In March
2008, the FASB issued SFAS 161, which applies to all derivative instruments,
including bifurcated derivative instruments and nonderivative instruments that
are designated and qualify as hedging instruments pursuant to SFAS 133, as well
as related hedged items accounted for under SFAS 133. SFAS 161 requires
entities to expand its disclosures to provide greater transparency about (a) how
and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how derivative instruments
and related hedged items are accounted for under SFAS 133 and (c) how derivative
instruments and related hedged items affect an entity's financial position,
results of operations and cash flows.
PPL and
its subsidiaries will adopt SFAS 161 effective January 1, 2009. SFAS
161 permits early adoption and encourages, but does not require, comparative
disclosures for earlier periods at initial adoption. SFAS 161 was
issued to provide greater transparency by enhancing existing disclosures;
therefore, the adoption is not expected to have a material impact on PPL and its
subsidiaries' financial statements.
PPL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item
2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations
Overview
PPL is an
energy and utility holding company with headquarters in Allentown,
Pennsylvania. In PPL's 2007 Form 10-K, descriptions of its domestic
and international businesses are found in "Item 1. Business -
Background." Through its subsidiaries, PPL is primarily engaged in
the generation and marketing of electricity in two key markets - the
northeastern and western U.S. - and in the delivery of electricity in
Pennsylvania and the U.K. PPL's reportable segments are Supply,
International Delivery and Pennsylvania Delivery. In 2007, PPL sold
its regulated electricity delivery businesses in Latin America, which were
included in the International Delivery segment. In July 2007, PPL
announced its intention to sell its natural gas distribution and propane
businesses, which are included in the Pennsylvania Delivery
segment. See Note 8 to the Financial Statements for information on
the sales and planned divestitures. See "Item 7. Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations -
Overview" in PPL's 2007 Form 10-K for a discussion of PPL's strategy and the
risks and the challenges that it faces in its business. See
"Forward-Looking Information," Note 10 to the Financial Statements and the rest
of this Item 2 in this Form 10-Q and "Item 1A. Risk Factors" and the rest of
Item 7 in PPL's 2007 Form 10-K for more information concerning the material
risks and uncertainties that PPL faces in its businesses and with respect to its
future earnings.
The
following information should be read in conjunction with PPL's Condensed
Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes and with PPL's 2007
Form 10-K.
Terms and
abbreviations are explained in the glossary. Dollars are in millions,
except per share data, unless otherwise noted.
Results of
Operations
The
following discussion begins with a summary of PPL's
earnings. "Results of Operations" continues with a review of results
by reportable segment and a description of key factors by segment that
management expects may impact future earnings. This section ends with
explanations of significant changes in principal items on PPL's Statements of
Income, comparing the three months ended March 31, 2008, with the same period in
2007.
Earnings
Net
income and the related EPS were:
|
|
Three
Months Ended
March
31
,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
income
|
|
$
|
260
|
|
|
$
|
203
|
|
EPS
- basic
|
|
$
|
0.70
|
|
|
$
|
0.53
|
|
EPS
- diluted
|
|
$
|
0.69
|
|
|
$
|
0.52
|
|
The
changes in net income from period to period were, in part, attributable to
several special items that management considers significant. Details
of these special items are provided within the review of each segment's
earnings.
The
period-to-period changes in significant earnings components, including domestic
gross energy margins by region and significant income statement line items, are
explained in the "Statement of Income Analysis."
The
results for interim periods can be disproportionately influenced by various
factors and developments and by seasonal variations, and as such, the results of
operations for interim periods do not necessarily indicate results or trends for
the year or for future operating results.
Segment
Results
Net
income by segment was:
|
|
Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supply
|
|
$
|
102
|
|
|
$
|
117
|
|
International
Delivery
|
|
|
98
|
|
|
|
28
|
|
Pennsylvania
Delivery
|
|
|
60
|
|
|
|
58
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
260
|
|
|
$
|
203
|
|
Supply
Segment
The
Supply segment primarily consists of the domestic energy marketing, domestic
generation and domestic development operations of PPL Energy
Supply. In August 2007, PPL completed the sale of its domestic
telecommunication operations. See Note 8 to the Financial Statements
for additional information.
Supply
segment net income was:
|
|
Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
Energy
revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
External
|
|
$
|
290
|
|
|
$
|
280
|
|
Intersegment
|
|
|
489
|
|
|
|
481
|
|
Energy-related
businesses
|
|
|
107
|
|
|
|
175
|
|
Total
operating revenues
|
|
|
886
|
|
|
|
936
|
|
Fuel
and energy purchases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
External
|
|
|
257
|
|
|
|
304
|
|
Intersegment
|
|
|
29
|
|
|
|
37
|
|
Other
operation and maintenance
|
|
|
227
|
|
|
|
175
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
44
|
|
|
|
41
|
|
Taxes,
other than income
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
8
|
|
Energy-related
businesses
|
|
|
105
|
|
|
|
197
|
|
Total
operating expenses
|
|
|
664
|
|
|
|
762
|
|
Other
Income - net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
Interest
Expense
|
|
|
41
|
|
|
|
35
|
|
Income
Taxes
|
|
|
79
|
|
|
|
25
|
|
Minority
Interest
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
Net
Income
|
|
$
|
102
|
|
|
$
|
117
|
|
The
after-tax change in net income between these periods was due to the following
factors.
Eastern
U.S. non-trading margins
|
|
$
|
(12
|
)
|
|
Net
energy trading margins
|
|
|
(6
|
)
|
|
Operating
expenses
|
|
|
(10
|
)
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
Taxes,
other than income
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
Earnings
from synfuel projects
|
|
|
(27
|
)
|
|
Realized
earnings on nuclear decommissioning trust
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
|
Interest
expense
|
|
|
(4
|
)
|
|
Other
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
Special
items
|
|
|
41
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
(15
|
)
|
|
·
|
See
"Domestic Gross Energy Margins" for an explanation of non-trading margins
by geographic region and for an explanation of net energy trading
margins.
|
|
|
·
|
Higher
operating expenses were primarily attributable to higher operating costs
at the fossil generating stations primarily due to unplanned outages, the
timing of planned outages and higher operating costs in the energy
marketing organization.
|
|
|
·
|
Lower
earnings contribution from synfuel projects was the result of the
expiration of federal tax credits and closure of the synfuel facilities at
the end of 2007.
|
The
following after-tax amounts, which management considers special items, also had
a significant impact on the Supply segment earnings. See the
indicated Notes to the Financial Statements for additional
information.
|
|
Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mark-to-market
adjustments from certain economic, non-trading hedges (a)
|
|
$
|
50
|
|
|
$
|
10
|
|
Sale
of domestic telecommunication operations (Note 8)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(18
|
)
|
PJM
billing dispute
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
Colstrip
groundwater litigation (Note 10)
|
|
|
(5
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Synthetic
fuel tax adjustment (Note 10)
|
|
|
(13
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
32
|
|
|
$
|
(9
|
)
|
(a)
|
|
These
economic hedge transactions do not qualify for hedge accounting under SFAS
133, however they economically hedge a specific risk and do not represent
speculative trading activity. These transactions are highly
probable of going to physical delivery; therefore, the mark-to-market
gains or losses on these transactions will reverse by the time the
transactions settle in the future. See "Changes in Domestic
Gross Energy Margins by Region" and Note 14 to the Financial Statements
for additional information regarding economic
activity.
|
2008
Outlook
Excluding
special items, PPL projects lower earnings in its Supply segment in 2008
compared with 2007 as a result of the expiration of synfuel-related benefits and
higher depreciation relating to the installation of scrubbers in 2008 at its
Montour and Brunner Island coal-fired power plants. PPL expects these
negative effects to be partially offset by higher energy margins as a result of
higher-valued wholesale energy contracts and higher overall baseload generation
compared with 2007. PPL expects most of its increased energy margins to be
realized in the second half of 2008.
As
discussed in "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in PPL's 2007 Form 10-K, activities by the
FERC, other governmental authorities and other involved parties can have a
significant effect on market prices for wholesale electricity, and thus on the
margins that PPL EnergyPlus achieves on its future sales of
energy. In April 2008, the FERC denied PJM's request to increase the
Cost of New Entry element of the PJM capacity pricing formula. In a
separate action, in connection with Duquesne Light Company's
(Duquesne) decision to leave PJM, in April 2008 the FERC ruled that PJM may
grant capacity resources in the Duquesne zone transmission rights that would
facilitate inclusion of such capacity in PJM’s Reliability Pricing Model (RPM)
capacity markets, beginning with the 2011-2012 planning year auction,
notwithstanding that such capacity would be treated as external generation to
PJM at the time it had to be delivered. In response, PJM has
indicated that it will grant generators in the Duquesne zone of PJM the
necessary transmission rights. These FERC and PJM actions are
expected to reduce capacity prices for the 2011-2012 RPM capacity auction
scheduled to take place in May 2008 and possibly for future RPM capacity
auctions. Because a large portion of PPL's generating capacity is
located in PJM, the impact of any such reduced RPM capacity prices on PPL
could be material. PPL cannot predict the ultimate outcome of these
or related FERC proceedings and the impact on capacity prices in PJM or on PPL’s
financial results.
International Delivery
Segment
The
International Delivery segment includes operations of the international energy
businesses of PPL Global that are primarily focused on the distribution of
electricity. PPL Global's primary remaining international business is
located in the U.K. In 2007, PPL completed the sale of its Latin
American operating businesses. PPL Global expects to recognize income
tax adjustments and incur expenses in 2008 as the remaining Latin American
holding companies are dissolved. See Note 8 to the Financial
Statements for additional information.
The
International Delivery segment results in 2008 and 2007 reflect the
reclassification of Latin American revenues and expenses to Discontinued
Operations.
International
Delivery segment net income was:
|
|
Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
Utility
revenues
|
|
$
|
241
|
|
|
$
|
216
|
|
Energy-related
businesses
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
|
10
|
|
Total
operating revenues
|
|
|
250
|
|
|
|
226
|
|
Other
operation and maintenance
|
|
|
46
|
|
|
|
56
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
36
|
|
|
|
43
|
|
Taxes,
other than income
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
|
16
|
|
Energy-related
businesses
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
Total
operating expenses
|
|
|
102
|
|
|
|
120
|
|
Other
Income - net
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
11
|
|
Interest
Expense
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
|
49
|
|
Income
Taxes
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
|
15
|
|
Income
(Loss) from Discontinued Operations
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
(25
|
)
|
Net
Income
|
|
$
|
98
|
|
|
$
|
28
|
|
The
after-tax change in net income between these periods was due to the following
factors, including Discontinued Operations.
U.K.:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Delivery
margins
|
|
$
|
16
|
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
Operating
expenses
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
Interest
expense
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
Income
taxes
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
Foreign
currency exchange rates
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
Gain
on transfer of international equity investment (Note 8)
|
|
|
(5
|
)
|
|
Hyder
liquidation distributions (Note 8)
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
Other
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
Discontinued
operations (Note 8)
|
|
(10
|
)
|
|
Other
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
Special
item
|
|
|
40
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
70
|
|
|
·
|
The
U.K.'s earnings were favorably impacted by higher delivery margins
primarily due to higher prices, which include the annual regulatory
adjustment for inflation.
|
|
|
·
|
Lower
U.K. operating expenses were primarily due to lower pension expense
resulting from an improvement in the fair value of pension assets and an
increase in the discount rate.
|
|
|
·
|
Lower
U.K. income taxes were due to a favorable U.K. taxing authority
determination.
|
The
following after-tax amount, which management considers a special item, also had
a significant impact on the International Delivery segment
earnings.
|
|
Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
Sale
of Latin American businesses (Note 8)
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
(40
|
)
|
2008
Outlook
Excluding
special items, PPL projects the earnings of its International Delivery segment
will decline in 2008 compared with 2007. This decline is a result of
the 2007 sale of PPL's Latin American businesses and higher U.S. income taxes
primarily driven by the U.S. income tax benefits realized in
2007. Partially offsetting the impact of these negative earnings
drivers are higher revenues in WPD's electricity distribution businesses and
lower pension expense.
Pennsylvania Delivery
Segment
The
Pennsylvania Delivery segment includes the regulated electric and gas delivery
operations of PPL Electric and PPL Gas Utilities. In 2007, PPL
announced its intention to sell its natural gas distribution and propane
businesses. See Note 8 to the Financial Statements for additional
information.
The
Pennsylvania Delivery segment results in 2008 and 2007 reflect the
reclassification of the natural gas distribution and propane businesses'
revenues and expenses to Discontinued Operations.
Pennsylvania
Delivery segment net income was:
|
|
Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
Operating
revenues
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
External
|
|
$
|
879
|
|
|
$
|
865
|
|
Intersegment
|
|
|
29
|
|
|
|
37
|
|
Total
operating revenues
|
|
|
908
|
|
|
|
902
|
|
Fuel
and energy purchases
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
External
|
|
|
41
|
|
|
|
51
|
|
Intersegment
|
|
|
489
|
|
|
|
481
|
|
Other
operation and maintenance
|
|
|
104
|
|
|
|
94
|
|
Amortization
of recoverable transition costs
|
|
|
76
|
|
|
|
81
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
32
|
|
|
|
32
|
|
Taxes,
other than income
|
|
|
56
|
|
|
|
54
|
|
Total
operating expenses
|
|
|
798
|
|
|
|
793
|
|
Other
Income - net
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
12
|
|
Interest
Expense
|
|
|
29
|
|
|
|
36
|
|
Income
Taxes
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
|
29
|
|
Dividends
on Preferred Securities
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
Income
from Discontinued Operations
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
Net
Income
|
|
$
|
60
|
|
|
$
|
58
|
|
The
after-tax change in net income between these periods was due to the following
factors, including Discontinued Operations.
Delivery
revenues (net of CTC/ITC amortization, interest expense on transition
bonds and ancillary charges)
|
|
$
|
10
|
|
|
Operating
expenses
|
|
|
(7
|
)
|
|
Other
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
|
$
|
2
|
|
|
·
|
Higher
delivery revenues were attributable to normal load growth and a PPL
Electric base rate increase effective January 1, 2008.
|
|
|
·
|
Higher
operating expenses were primarily due to higher storm restoration costs
and other inflationary increases.
|
2008
Outlook
PPL
projects higher earnings for its Pennsylvania Delivery segment, driven by higher
revenues as a result of PPL Electric's new distribution rates that became
effective January 1, 2008, partially offset by higher operating
expenses.
In May
2007, the PUC approved final regulations regarding the obligation of
Pennsylvania electric utilities to provide default electricity supply in 2011
and beyond. The new regulations provide that default service
providers will acquire electricity supply at prevailing market prices pursuant
to procurement and implementation plans approved by the PUC. The
regulations also address the utilities' recovery of market supply
costs. The final regulations became effective in September
2007.
In May
2007, the PUC approved PPL Electric's plan to procure default electricity supply
in 2007-2009 for retail customers who do not choose an alternative competitive
supplier in 2010 after PPL Electric's PLR contract with an affiliate
expires. Under the plan, PPL Electric was approved to issue a series
of competitive bids for such supply in 2007, 2008 and 2009. Each
solicitation is for 850 MW of expected generation supply, or one-sixth of PPL
Electric's expected PLR supply requirement in 2010. The average
generation supply prices (per MWh), including Pennsylvania gross receipts tax
and an adjustment for line losses, for the first three solicitations were as
follows:
|
|
Residential
|
|
Small
Commercial and Small Industrial
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
July
2007
|
|
$
|
101.77
|
|
|
$
|
105.11
|
|
|
October
2007
|
|
|
105.08
|
|
|
|
105.75
|
|
|
March
2008
|
|
|
108.80
|
|
|
|
108.76
|
|
|
As a
result, PPL Electric has contracted for one-half of the electricity supply it
expects to need for 2010. If the average prices paid for the supply
purchased so far were to be the same for the remaining three purchases, the
average residential customer's monthly bill in 2010 would increase about 34.4%
over 2009 levels, while small commercial and small industrial bills would
increase in the range of 23.8% to 42.8%. The estimated increases
include Pennsylvania gross receipts tax, an adjustment for line losses, PPL
Electric's January 1, 2008 rate increase and a court-ordered rate adjustment in
2007. Actual 2010 prices will not be known until all six supply
purchases have been made. The fourth solicitation will be conducted
in September 2008.
In
addition, the Governor of Pennsylvania proposed an Energy Independence Strategy
(Strategy) in early 2007 which, among other things, contains initiatives to
address PLR issues. For example, under the Strategy as originally
proposed, retail customers could elect to phase-in over three years any initial
generation rate increase approved by the PUC. Also, PLR providers
would be required to obtain a "least cost portfolio" of supply by purchasing
power in the spot market and through contracts of varying lengths, and the
provider would be required to procure energy conservation resources before
acquiring additional power. In addition, PLR providers could enter
into long-term contracts with large energy users and alternative energy
developers. It is uncertain at this time whether the details of
implementing the Strategy, including the issues of deferral of costs and
recovery of interest for the customer rate phase-in program and the timing of
PUC approval for PLR supply portfolios, will be delegated to the
PUC.
Components
of the Strategy are included in various bills. One such bill that
passed in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives (House) in February 2008
contains conservation and demand-side management targets and mandatory
deployment of smart metering technology. The bill provides for full
and current cost recovery through an energy efficiency and demand-side
management recovery mechanism.
In
September 2007, the Pennsylvania General Assembly convened a special session to
address the proposals in the Governor's Strategy. Central to the
Governor's Strategy is an $850 million Energy Independence Fund to support
alternative and renewable energy sources and energy conservation that would be
funded through revenue bonds and a surcharge on electricity
bills. The Pennsylvania Senate (Senate) has formed a special
committee to manage legislation for the special legislative
session. As an alternative to the Governor's $850 million Energy
Independence Fund, the full Senate has approved a bill that would create a $650
million fund for clean energy projects, conservation and energy efficiency
initiatives and pollution control projects that would be funded through revenue
bonds and gross receipts tax revenue, which will increase as rate caps
expire. The House passed similar legislation to create an $850
million fund, also to be funded primarily through revenue bonds, while
also allowing the use of gross receipts tax revenue.
Since
September 2007, PPL and PPL Electric have been working with Pennsylvania
legislators, regulators and other stakeholders to develop constructive measures
to help customers transition to market rates after 2009, including a variety of
rate mitigation, educational and energy conservation programs, consistent with
several initiatives being developed by the state administration and
legislature. In this regard, in November 2007, PPL Electric requested
the PUC to approve a plan under which its residential and small commercial
customers could smooth the impact of price increases when generation rate caps
expire in 2010. The proposed phase-in plan provided that customers
could pay additional amounts on their electric bills beginning in mid-2008 and
continuing through 2009, and such additional amounts, plus accrued interest,
would be applied to their 2010 and 2011 electric bills, mitigating the impact of
the rate cap expiration. PPL Electric requested expedited
consideration of the proposal by the PUC. Ten parties filed responses
to PPL Electric's petition, primarily because the proposal offered the program
on an "opt-out" basis (i.e., customers would be enrolled automatically and
affirmatively have to "opt-out" if they choose not to
participate). The parties negotiated a settlement
agreement under which PPL Electric agreed to change the "opt-out"
approach to an "opt-in" approach (i.e., customers would have to affirmatively
enroll) and to make the program available to customers enrolled in budget
billing. In March 2008, the Administrative Law Judge assigned to this
case recommended that the PUC approve the settlement agreement. In
April 2008, the PUC postponed taking action on the approval of the
agreement.
In May
2008, as a result of this postponement, PPL Electric announced that it must
delay the planned start date for the proposed phase-in option to allow adequate
time for PPL Electric to publicize the plan and for eligible customers to make
an informed choice about whether to enroll.
PPL Electric cannot
predict if and when the PUC will take further action in this
matter.
Certain
Pennsylvania legislators have introduced or are contemplating the introduction
of legislation to extend generation rate caps or otherwise limit cost recovery
through rates for Pennsylvania utilities beyond their transition periods, which
in PPL Electric's case would be December 31, 2009. PPL and PPL
Electric have expressed strong concern regarding the severe potential
consequences of such legislation on customer service, system reliability,
adequate future generation supply and PPL Electric's financial
viability. If such legislation or similar legislation is enacted, PPL
Electric could experience substantial operating losses, cash flow shortfalls and
other adverse financial impacts. In addition, continuing uncertainty
regarding PPL Electric's ability to recover its market supply and other costs of
operation after 2009 could adversely impact its credit quality, financing costs
and availability of credit facilities necessary to operate its
business. In addition, PPL and PPL Electric believe that such an
extension of rate caps, if enacted into law, would violate federal law and the
U.S. Constitution. At this time, PPL and PPL Electric cannot predict
the final outcome or impact of this legislative and regulatory
process.
Statement
of Income Analysis --
Domestic
Gross Energy Margins
The
following table provides pre-tax changes in the income statement line items that
comprise domestic gross energy margins.
|
Three
Months Ended
March 31,
2008
vs.
March 31,
2007
|
|
|
Utility
|
|
$
|
39
|
|
|
Unregulated
retail electric
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
Wholesale
energy marketing
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
Net
energy trading margins
|
|
|
(11
|
)
|
|
Other
revenue adjustments (a)
|
|
|
(61
|
)
|
|
Total
revenues
|
|
|
(12
|
)
|
|
Fuel
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
Energy
purchases
|
|
|
(67
|
)
|
|
Other
cost adjustments (a)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
cost of sales
|
|
|
(57
|
)
|
|
Domestic
gross energy margins
|
|
$
|
45
|
|
|
(a)
|
|
Adjusted
to exclude the impact of any revenues and costs not associated with
domestic gross energy margins, consistent with the way management reviews
domestic gross energy margins internally. These exclusions
include revenues and energy costs related to WPD and the domestic delivery
operations of PPL Electric. Also adjusted to include gains or
losses on sales of emission allowances, which are included in "Other
operation and maintenance" expenses on the Statements of
Income.
|
Changes in Domestic Gross
Energy Margins By Region
Domestic
gross energy margins are generated through PPL's non-trading and trading
activities. PPL manages its non-trading energy business on a
geographic basis that is aligned with its generation assets. PPL
further segregates non-trading activities into two categories: hedge
activity and economic activity. Economic activity represents the net
unrealized effect of derivative transactions that are entered into as economic
hedges, and that do not qualify for hedge accounting, or hedge accounting was
not elected, under SFAS 133.
|
Three
Months Ended
March 31,
2008
vs.
March 31,
2007
|
Non-trading
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eastern
U.S.
|
|
$
|
57
|
|
|
Western
U.S.
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
Net
energy trading
|
|
|
(11
|
)
|
|
Domestic
gross energy margins
|
|
$
|
45
|
|
|
Eastern
U.S.
Eastern
U.S. non-trading margins that resulted from economic activity and hedge
ineffectiveness were $79 million higher during the three months ended March 31,
2008, compared with the same period in 2007. This increase was due to unrealized
gains on purchases to supply full requirements contracts, which was driven by
increases in power and gas prices.
Eastern
U.S. non-trading margins, excluding results from economic activity and hedge
ineffectiveness, were $22 million lower during the three months ended March 31,
2008, compared with the same period in 2007. This decrease was
primarily due to higher average fuel prices, which were up 8%, and lower
baseload generation from the retirement of the Martins Creek coal units in
September 2007, which was down 2%. Partially offsetting these lower
margins was improved wholesale activity, which was driven by higher sales
volumes and favorable pricing.
Net
Energy Trading
PPL
enters into energy contracts to take advantage of market
opportunities. As a result, PPL may at times create a net open
position in its portfolio that could result in significant losses if prices do
not move in the manner or direction anticipated. The margins from
these trading activities are reflected in the Statements of Income as "Net
energy trading margins." These physical and financial contracts cover
trading activity associated with electricity, gas and oil.
Net
energy trading margins decreased by $11 million during the three months ended
March 31, 2008, compared with the same period in 2007. The entire
decrease was due to lower unrealized margins.
The
realized physical volumes for electricity and gas associated with energy trading
were:
|
|
Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GWh
|
|
|
4,438
|
|
|
|
2,788
|
|
Bcf
|
|
|
5.6
|
|
|
|
5.3
|
|
Utility
Revenues
The
increase in utility revenues was attributable to:
|
Three
Months Ended
March 31,
2008
vs.
March 31,
2007
|
Domestic:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail
electric revenue (PPL Electric)
|
|
|
|
|
|
PLR
|
|
$
|
8
|
|
|
Delivery
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
Other
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
International:
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.K.
retail electric revenue
|
|
|
22
|
|
|
U.K.
foreign currency exchange rates
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
39
|
|
|
The
increase in utility revenues, excluding foreign currency exchange rate impacts,
was primarily due to:
·
|
higher
U.K. revenues due to an increase in prices effective April 1, 2007;
and
|
·
|
higher
PLR and delivery revenues were attributable to normal load growth and a
PPL Electric base rate increase effective January 1,
2008.
|
Energy-related
Businesses
Energy-related
businesses contributed $25 million more to operating income for the three months
ended March 31, 2008, compared with the same period in 2007. The
increase was primarily attributable to:
·
|
a
$31 million impairment in 2007 of domestic telecommunication assets that
were subsequently sold in 2007 (see Note 8 to the Financial Statements);
and
|
·
|
$16
million less in operating losses from synfuel projects. The
projects ceased operation at the end of 2007; partially offset
by
|
·
|
a
$21 million net gain on options purchased to hedge the risk associated
with the phase-out of the synthetic fuel tax credits in
2007. No such options were held in 2008 as PPL's synthetic fuel
operations have ceased.
|
See Note
10 to the Financial Statements for additional information on the synthetic fuel
tax credits and the synfuel projects.
Other
Operation and Maintenance
The
increase in other operation and maintenance expenses was due to:
|
Three
Months Ended
March 31,
2008
vs.
March 31,
2007
|
|
|
Lower
gains on sales of emission allowances
|
|
$
|
29
|
|
|
Salary
expense
|
|
|
25
|
|
|
Outage
costs at Western and Eastern U.S. fossil/hydro stations
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
Colstrip
groundwater litigation (Note 10)
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
PUC-reportable
storm costs
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
Outage
costs at Susquehanna nuclear station
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
Stock-based
compensation expense
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
Defined
benefit costs
|
|
|
(9
|
)
|
|
Other
|
|
|
(8
|
)
|
|
|
|
$
|
52
|
|
|
Depreciation
The
decrease in depreciation expense was due to:
|
Three
Months Ended
March 31,
2008
vs.
March 31,
2007
|
|
|
Additions
to PP&E
|
|
$
|
6
|
|
|
Extension
of useful lives of certain WPD network assets in 2007
|
|
|
(10
|
)
|
|
|
|
$
|
(4
|
)
|
|
Taxes,
Other Than Income
Taxes,
other than income decreased by $3 million during the three months ended March
31, 2008, compared with the same period in 2007.
The decrease was
primarily due to a decrease in PPL Montana's property taxes, as the 2008 period
included a $7 million refund credit. This credit was partially offset
by a $2 million increase in domestic gross receipts tax expense and a $1 million
increase in WPD property taxes.
Other
Income - net
See Note
12 to the Financial Statements for details of other income.
Financing
Costs
The
decrease in financing costs, which includes "Interest Expense" and "Dividends on
Preferred Securities of a Subsidiary," was due to:
|
Three
Months Ended
March 31,
2008
vs.
March 31,
2007
|
|
|
Amortization
of debt issuance costs
|
|
$
|
2
|
|
|
Hedging
ineffectiveness
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
Redemption
of 8.23% Subordinated Debentures in 2007
|
|
|
(4
|
)
|
|
Capitalized
interest
|
|
|
(9
|
)
|
|
Other
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
(12
|
)
|
|
Income
Taxes
The
increase in income taxes was due to:
|
Three
Months Ended
March 31,
2008
vs.
March 31,
2007
|
|
|
Synthetic
fuel and other tax credits
|
|
$
|
39
|
|
|
Higher
pre-tax book income
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
Tax
expense on foreign earnings
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
Tax
reserve adjustments (Note 5)
|
|
|
(11
|
)
|
|
Other
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
|
$
|
60
|
|
|
See Note
5 to the Financial Statements for details on effective income tax
rates.
Discontinued
Operations
See
"Discontinued Operations" in Note 8 to the Financial Statements for information
on the 2007 sale of PPL's Latin American operating businesses and the
anticipated sale of PPL's natural gas distribution and propane businesses, along
with information regarding the operating results of such
businesses.
Financial
Condition
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
PPL had
the following at:
|
|
March
31,
2008
|
|
December
31, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
495
|
(a)
|
|
$
|
430
|
|
Short-term
investments (b)
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
|
108
|
|
|
|
$
|
595
|
|
|
$
|
538
|
|
Short-term
debt
|
|
$
|
41
|
|
|
$
|
92
|
|
(a)
|
|
Excludes
$3 million of cash related to the natural gas distribution and propane
businesses that is included in "Assets held for sale" on the Balance
Sheet.
|
(b)
|
|
Includes
$11 million and $15 million of auction rate securities at March 31,
2008 and December 31, 2007. See below for further discussion of
auction rate securities.
|
The $65
million increase in PPL's cash and cash equivalents position, which includes the
effects of the cash flows of the Discontinued Operations, was primarily the net
result of:
·
|
$424
million of cash provided by operating activities;
|
·
|
proceeds
of $399 million from the issuance of long-term debt;
|
·
|
$330
million of capital expenditures;
|
·
|
the
payment of $113 million of common stock dividends;
|
·
|
the
retirement of $91 million of long-term debt;
|
·
|
an
increase of $78 million in restricted cash and cash
equivalents;
|
·
|
a
net decrease in short-term debt of $50 million (excluding the impact of
foreign currency translation adjustments);
|
·
|
the
repurchase of 802,816 shares of PPL common stock for $38 million under the
common stock repurchase program that was authorized by PPL's Board of
Directors in June 2007;
|
·
|
$25
million in net purchases of auction rate securities;
and
|
·
|
$18
million in net purchases of emission
allowances.
|
Auction Rate
Securities
At March
31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, PPL had $40 million and $15 million of auction
rate securities, of which $11 million and $15 million were reflected as
short-term investments at such dates. Investor concerns over insurers
who guarantee the credit of certain of the underlying securities and other
conditions have resulted in many investors of auction rate securities being
unable to sell such securities at auction in recent months. In
certain instances, this has resulted in investors continuing to own these
securities, generally at higher interest rates. PPL currently
believes that it does not have material loss exposure given the high quality of
the underlying securities. Subsequent to March 31, 2008, an aggregate
of $11 million of auction rate securities have either been liquidated or called
for redemption at par value by the issuers. See Note 13 to the
Financial Statements for further discussion of auction rate
securities.
Credit
Facilities
In March
2008, PPL Energy Supply increased the capacity of its 364-day reimbursement
agreement, under which it can cause the bank to issue letters of credit, from
$200 million to $300 million and extended the expiration date of the agreement
to March 2009.
PPL
Energy Supply and PPL Electric currently do not expect to make any modifications
in 2008, including extending the expiration date, to PPL Energy Supply's $3.4
billion or PPL Electric's $200 million five-year credit facilities, both of
which expire in 2012.
In
January 2008, WPDH Limited extended the expiration date of its £150 million
(approximately $298 million) five-year committed credit facility to January
2013, and it has the option to extend the expiration date by another year in
January 2009.
Financing
Activities
In March
2008, PPL Energy Supply issued $400 million of 6.50% Senior Notes due 2018 (the
Notes). The Notes may be redeemed any time prior to maturity at PPL
Energy Supply's option at make-whole redemption prices. PPL Energy
Supply received proceeds of $396 million, net of a discount and underwriting
fees, from the issuance of the Notes. The proceeds have been used for
general corporate purposes, including capital expenditures relating to the
installation of pollution control equipment by PPL Energy Supply
subsidiaries.
The terms
of PPL Energy Supply's 2-5/8% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023 (Convertible
Senior Notes) include a market price trigger that permits holders to convert the
notes during any fiscal quarter if the closing sale price of PPL's common stock
exceeds $29.83 for at least 20 trading days in the 30 consecutive trading days
ending on the last trading day of the preceding fiscal
quarter. Holders of the Convertible Senior Notes were entitled to
convert their notes at any time during the first quarter of 2008 and are also
entitled to convert their notes any time during the second quarter of 2008, as a
result of the market price trigger being met. When holders elect to
convert the Convertible Senior Notes, PPL Energy Supply is required to settle
the principal amount in cash and any conversion premium in cash or PPL common
stock. During the first quarter of 2008, Convertible Senior Notes in
an aggregate principal amount of $9 million were presented for
conversion. The total conversion premium related to these conversions
was $7 million, which was settled with 158,945 shares of PPL common stock, along
with an insignificant amount of cash in lieu of fractional
shares. After such conversions, approximately $48 million of
Convertible Senior Notes remain outstanding.
The
holders of the Convertible Senior Notes have the right to require PPL Energy
Supply to purchase all or any part (equal to $1,000 principal amount or an
integral multiple thereof) of the Convertible Senior Notes on May 15, 2008 at
100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon as of
such date. Additionally, in April 2008, the holders were notified
that PPL Energy Supply is calling for redemption on May 20, 2008 all outstanding
Convertible Senior Notes at 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and
unpaid interest thereon as of such date. The Convertible Senior Notes
are subject to conversion at the election of the holders any time prior to May
20, 2008. PPL and PPL Energy Supply have, and expect to continue to
have, access to sufficient liquidity sources to fund the redemptions and
conversions of the outstanding Convertible Senior Notes.
In April
2008, PPL Energy Supply elected to change the interest rate mode on the Exempt
Facilities Revenue Bonds, Series 2007 due 2037 (the Bonds) that were issued by
the Pennsylvania Economic Development Financing Authority on behalf of PPL
Energy Supply in December 2007. The interest rate mode was converted
from a rate that was reset daily through daily remarketing of the Bonds to a
term rate of 1.80% for one year.
Common Stock
Dividends
In
February 2008, PPL announced an increase to its quarterly common stock dividend,
effective April 1, 2008, to 33.5 cents per share (equivalent to $1.34 per
annum). Future dividends, declared at the discretion of the Board of
Directors, will be dependent upon future earnings, cash flows, financial
requirements and other factors.
Anticipated Sale of Gas and
Propane Businesses
In March
2008, PPL signed a definitive agreement to sell its natural gas distribution and
propane businesses for $268 million in cash plus working capital, pursuant to a
stock purchase agreement and following the receipt of necessary regulatory
approvals. PPL expects the sale to close before the end of
2008. Proceeds from the sale are expected to be used to invest in
growth opportunities in PPL's core electricity supply and delivery businesses
and/or for the repurchase of securities. See Note 8 for additional
information.
Rating Agency
Decisions
Moody's,
S&P and Fitch periodically review the credit ratings on the debt and
preferred securities of PPL and its subsidiaries. Based on their
respective independent reviews, the rating agencies may make certain ratings
revisions or ratings affirmations.
A credit
rating reflects an assessment by the rating agency of the creditworthiness
associated with an issuer and particular securities that it
issues. The credit ratings of PPL and its subsidiaries are based on
information provided by PPL and other sources. The ratings of
Moody's, S&P and Fitch are not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold any
securities of PPL or its subsidiaries. Such ratings may be subject to
revisions or withdrawal by the agencies at any time and should be evaluated
independently of each other and any other rating that may be assigned to the
securities. A downgrade in PPL's or its subsidiaries' credit ratings
could result in higher borrowing costs and reduced access to capital
markets.
Moody's
and S&P did not take any actions related to PPL and its rated subsidiaries
during the first quarter of 2008. In March 2008, Fitch completed a
review of its credit ratings for PPL, PPL Capital Funding, PPL Energy Supply and
PPL Electric and affirmed all ratings related to these entities, with the
exception that it lowered the preferred stock rating of PPL Electric to BBB from
BBB+. Fitch stated in the related press release that the lower
preferred stock rating reflects its junior position in the capital structure and
does not reflect any change in credit quality.
For
additional information on PPL's liquidity and capital resources, see "Item 7.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations," in PPL's 2007 Form 10-K.
Risk
Management - Energy Marketing & Trading and Other
Market
Risk
Commodity
Price Risk (Non-trading)
PPL's
non-trading commodity derivative contracts mature at various times through
2017. PPL segregates its non-trading activities into two
categories: hedge activity and economic
activity. Transactions that are accounted for as hedge activity
qualify for hedge accounting treatment under SFAS 133. The majority
of PPL's energy transactions qualify for accrual or hedge
accounting. The economic activity category includes transactions that
address a specific risk, but were not eligible for hedge accounting or for which
hedge accounting was not elected. Included in this category are
certain load-following energy obligations and related supply contracts, options,
FTRs, and crude oil swaps to hedge rail transportation
charges. Although they do not receive hedge accounting treatment,
these transactions are considered non-trading activity. The fair
value of economic activity at March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007,
including net premiums on options, was $141 million and $67
million. The following chart sets forth the net fair value of PPL's
non-trading commodity derivative contracts. For the period ended
March 31, 2008, these amounts reflect the fair value as defined by SFAS 157, as
amended. See Note 13 to the Financial Statements for additional
information.
|
|
Three
Months Ended
March
31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair
value of contracts outstanding at the beginning of the
period
|
|
$
|
(305
|
)
|
|
$
|
(111
|
)
|
Contracts
realized or otherwise settled during the period
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
|
23
|
|
Fair
value of new contracts entered into during the period
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
|
92
|
|
Changes
in fair value attributable to changes in valuation
techniques
(a)
|
|
|
55
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
changes in fair value
|
|
|
(126
|
)
|
|
|
(17
|
)
|
Fair
value of contracts outstanding at the end of the period
|
|
$
|
(268
|
)
|
|
$
|
(13
|
)
|
(a)
|
|
Amount
represents the reduction of valuation reserves related to capacity and FTR
contracts upon the adoption of SFAS
157.
|
The
following chart segregates fair values of PPL's non-trading commodity derivative
contracts at March 31, 2008, based on whether the fair values are determined by
quoted market prices for identical instruments or other more subjective
means.
|
|
Fair
Value of Contracts at Period-End
Gains
(Losses)
|
|
|
Maturity
Less
Than
1
Year
|
|
Maturity
1-3
Years
|
|
Maturity
4-5
Years
|
|
Maturity
in
Excess
of
5 Years
|
|
Total
Fair
Value
|
Source
of Fair Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prices
quoted in active markets for identical instruments
|
|
$
|
6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
6
|
|
Prices
based on significant other observable inputs
|
|
|
55
|
|
|
$
|
(392
|
)
|
|
$
|
(153
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(490
|
)
|
Prices
based on significant unobservable inputs
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
49
|
|
|
$
|
161
|
|
|
|
216
|
|
Fair
value of contracts outstanding at the end of the period
|
|
$
|
66
|
|
|
$
|
(391
|
)
|
|
$
|
(104
|
)
|
|
$
|
161
|
|
|
$
|
(268
|
)
|
Because
of PPL's efforts to hedge the value of energy from its generation assets, PPL
sells electricity, capacity and related services and buys fuel on a forward
basis, resulting in open contractual positions. If PPL were unable to
deliver firm capacity and energy or to accept the delivery of fuel under its
agreements, under certain circumstances it could be required to pay
damages. These damages would be based on the difference between the
market price and the contract price of the commodity. Depending on
price volatility in the wholesale energy markets, such damages could be
significant. Extreme weather conditions, unplanned power plant
outages, transmission disruptions, nonperformance by counterparties (or their
own counterparties) with which it has energy contracts and other factors could
affect PPL's ability to meet its obligations, or cause significant increases in
the market price of replacement energy. Although PPL attempts to
mitigate these risks, there can be no assurance that it will be able to fully
meet its firm obligations, that it will not be required to pay damages for
failure to perform, or that it will not experience counterparty nonperformance
in the future.
PPL
utilizes a VaR model to measure commodity price risk in its non-trading and
trading portfolios. This approach is consistent with how PPL's Risk
Management Committee assesses the market risk of its commodity
business. VaR is a statistical model that attempts to predict the
value of potential loss, under normal market conditions, based on historical
market price volatility. PPL calculates VaR using a Monte Carlo
simulation technique, which uses historical data from the past 12-month
period. The VaR is the estimated nominal loss of earnings based on a
one-day holding period at a 95% confidence interval. At March 31,
2008, the VaR for PPL's non-trading portfolio was $19 million.
Commodity
Price Risk (Trading)
PPL's
trading contracts mature at various times through 2012. The following
chart sets forth PPL's net fair value of trading contracts. The three
months ended March 31, 2008 reflect fair value as defined by SFAS
157. See Note 13 for additional information.
|
|
Three
Months Ended March 31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair
value of contracts outstanding at the beginning of the
period
|
|
$
|
16
|
|
|
$
|
41
|
|
Contracts
realized or otherwise settled during the period
|
|
|
15
|
|
|
|
(13
|
)
|
Fair
value of new contracts entered into during the period
|
|
|
(8
|
)
|
|
|
16
|
|
Changes
in fair value attributable to changes in valuation
techniques
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
changes in fair value
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
1
|
|
Fair
value of contracts outstanding at the end of the period
|
|
$
|
22
|
|
|
$
|
45
|
|
PPL will
reverse unrealized gains of approximately $13 million over the next three months
as the transactions are realized.
The
following chart segregates fair values of PPL's trading portfolio at March 31,
2008, based on whether the fair values are determined by quoted market prices
for identical instruments or other more subjective means.
|
|
Fair
Value of Contracts at Period-End
Gains
(Losses)
|
|
|
Maturity
Less
Than
1
Year
|
|
Maturity
1-3
Years
|
|
Maturity
4-5
Years
|
|
Maturity
in
Excess
of
5 Years
|
|
Total
Fair
Value
|
Source
of Fair Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prices
quoted in active markets for identical instruments
|
|
$
|
(6
|
)
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
(5
|
)
|
Prices
based on significant other observable inputs
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
27
|
|
Prices
based on significant unobservable inputs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair
value of contracts outstanding at the end of the period
|
|
$
|
8
|
|
|
$
|
14
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
22
|
|
See
"Commodity Price Risk (Non-trading)" for information on PPL's VaR
model. At March 31, 2008, the VaR for PPL's trading portfolio was
insignificant.
Commodity
Price Risk Summary
In
accordance with its marketing strategy, PPL often elects not to completely hedge
its generation output or fuel requirements. PPL estimates that for
its entire portfolio, including all generation, emissions and physical and
financial energy positions, a 10% adverse change in power prices across all
geographic zones and time periods would decrease expected 2008 gross margins by
$15 million. Similarly, a 10% adverse movement in all fossil fuel
prices would decrease expected 2008 gross margins by $5 million.
Interest
Rate Risk
PPL and
its subsidiaries have issued debt to finance their operations, which exposes
them to interest rate risk. PPL utilizes various financial derivative
products to adjust the mix of fixed and floating interest rates in its debt
portfolio, adjust the duration of its debt portfolio and lock in Treasury rates
(and interest rate spreads over Treasuries) in anticipation of future financing,
when appropriate. Risk limits under the risk management program are
designed to balance risk exposure to volatility in interest expense and changes
in the fair value of PPL's debt portfolio due to changes in the absolute level
of interest rates.
At March
31, 2008, PPL's potential annual exposure to increased interest expense, based
on a 10% increase in interest rates, was $4 million.
PPL is
also exposed to changes in the fair value of its domestic and international debt
portfolios. PPL estimated that a 10% decrease in interest rates at
March 31, 2008, would increase the fair value of its debt portfolio by $383
million.
PPL
utilizes various risk management instruments to reduce its exposure to the
expected future cash flow variability of its debt instruments. These
risks include exposure to adverse interest rate movements for outstanding
variable rate debt and for future anticipated financing. While PPL is
exposed to changes in the fair value of these instruments, any changes in the
fair value of these instruments are recorded in equity and then reclassified
into earnings in the same period during which the item being hedged affects
earnings. At March 31, 2008, the fair value of these instruments was
a net liability of $10 million. PPL estimated that a 10% adverse
movement in interest rates at March 31, 2008, would increase the net
liability by $5 million.
PPL also
utilizes various risk management instruments to adjust the mix of fixed and
floating interest rates in its debt portfolio. The change in fair
value of these instruments, as well as the offsetting
change in
the
value of the hedged exposure of the debt, is reflected in
earnings. At March 31, 2008, the fair value of these instruments was
a net asset of $53 million. PPL estimated that a 10% adverse movement
in interest rates at March 31, 2008, would decrease the net asset by $17
million.
WPDH
Limited holds a net position in cross-currency swaps totaling $527 million to
hedge the interest payments and principal of its U.S. dollar-denominated bonds
with maturity dates ranging from December 2008 to December
2028. While PPL is exposed to changes in the fair value of these
instruments, any changes in the fair value of these instruments are recorded in
equity and then reclassified into earnings in the same period during which the
item being hedged affects earnings. The estimated fair value of this
position at March 31, 2008, was a net liability of $115
million. WPDH Limited estimated that a 10% adverse movement in
foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates at March 31, 2008, would
increase the net liability by $101 million.
Foreign
Currency Risk
PPL is
exposed to foreign currency risk, primarily through investments in U.K.
affiliates. In addition, PPL's domestic operations may make purchases
of equipment in currencies other than U.S. dollars.
PPL has
adopted a foreign currency risk management program designed to hedge certain
foreign currency exposures, including firm commitments, recognized assets or
liabilities, anticipated transactions and net investments. In
addition, PPL enters into financial instruments to protect against foreign
currency translation risk of expected earnings.
In 2007,
PPL executed forward contracts to sell British pounds sterling to protect the
value of a portion of its net investment in WPD. The total notional
amount of the contracts outstanding at March 31, 2008, was £68
million. The settlement dates of these contracts range from March
2009 through June 2011. At March 31, 2008, the fair value of these
positions was a net asset of $5 million. PPL estimated that a 10%
adverse movement in foreign currency exchange rates at March 31, 2008,
would decrease the net asset by $12 million.
To
economically hedge the translation of 2008 expected income denominated in
British pounds sterling to U.S. dollars, PPL entered into a combination of
average rate forwards and average rate options to sell British pounds
sterling. At March 31, 2008, the total exposure hedged was £66
million. These forwards and options have termination dates ranging
from April 2008 to December 2008. At March 31, 2008, the net fair
value of these positions was not significant. PPL estimated that a
10% adverse movement in foreign currency exchange rates at March 31, 2008, would
decrease the net asset position by $11 million.
Nuclear
Plant Decommissioning Trust Funds - Securities Price Risk
In
connection with certain NRC requirements, PPL Susquehanna maintains trust funds
to fund certain costs of decommissioning the Susquehanna nuclear
station. As of March 31, 2008, these funds were invested primarily in
domestic equity securities and fixed-rate, fixed-income securities and are
reflected at fair value on PPL's Balance Sheet. The mix of securities
is designed to provide returns sufficient to fund Susquehanna's decommissioning
and to compensate for inflationary increases in decommissioning
costs. However, the equity securities included in the trusts are
exposed to price fluctuation in equity markets, and the values of fixed-rate,
fixed-income securities are exposed to changes in interest rates. PPL
actively monitors the investment performance and periodically reviews asset
allocation in accordance with its nuclear plant decommissioning trust policy
statement. At March 31, 2008, a hypothetical 10% increase in interest
rates and a 10% decrease in equity prices would have resulted in an estimated
$36 million reduction in the fair value of the trust assets. See
Note 21 in PPL's 2007 Form 10-K for additional information regarding the
nuclear plant decommissioning trust funds.
Related
Party Transactions
PPL is
not aware of any material ownership interests or operating responsibility by
senior management of PPL, PPL Energy Supply or PPL Electric in outside
partnerships, including leasing transactions with variable interest entities, or
other entities doing business with PPL.
For
additional information on related party transactions, see Note 11 to the
Financial Statements.
Acquisitions,
Development and Divestitures
PPL
continuously evaluates strategic options for its business segments and, from
time to time, PPL and its subsidiaries are involved in negotiations with third
parties regarding acquisitions and dispositions of businesses and assets, joint
ventures and development projects, which may or may not result in definitive
agreements. Any such transactions may impact future financial
results. See Note 8 to the Financial Statements for information
regarding recent transactions.
PPL is
currently planning incremental capacity increases of 331 MW at several existing
domestic generating facilities. Offsetting this increase is an
expected 30 MW reduction in net generation capability at each of the Brunner
Island and Montour plants, due to the estimated increases in station service
usage during the scrubber operation. See Note 10 to the Financial
Statements for additional information.
PPL
continuously reexamines development projects based on market conditions and
other factors to determine whether to proceed with the projects, sell, cancel or
expand them, execute tolling agreements or pursue other options.
Environmental
Matters
See Note
10 to the Financial Statements for a discussion of environmental
matters.
New Accounting
Standards
See Note
2 to the Financial Statements for a discussion of new accounting standards
adopted and Note 18 to the Financial Statements for a discussion of new
accounting standards pending adoption.
Application of Critical
Accounting Policies
PPL's
financial condition and results of operations are impacted by the methods,
assumptions and estimates used in the application of critical accounting
policies. The following accounting policies are particularly
important to the financial condition or results of operations of PPL, and
require estimates or other judgments of matters inherently uncertain: price risk
management, defined benefits, asset impairment, leasing, loss accruals, asset
retirement obligations and income tax uncertainties.
See "Item
7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations," in PPL's 2007 Form 10-K for a discussion of each critical
accounting policy. PPL's senior management has reviewed these
critical accounting policies, and the estimates and assumptions regarding them,
with its Audit Committee. In addition, PPL's senior management
reviewed the Form 10-K disclosures regarding the application of these critical
accounting policies with the Audit Committee.
In 2006,
the FASB issued SFAS 157. Among other things, SFAS 157 provides a
definition of fair value as well as a framework for measuring fair
value. In February 2008, the FASB amended SFAS 157 through the
issuance of FSP FAS 157-1 and FSP FAS 157-2. FSP FAS 157-1 amends
SFAS 157 to exclude from its scope, certain accounting pronouncements that
address fair value measurements associated with leases. FSP FAS 157-2
delays the effective date of SFAS 157 to fiscal years beginning after November
15, 2008, for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities that are not
recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring
basis (at least annually).
As
permitted by this guidance, PPL partially applied SFAS 157, as amended,
prospectively, effective January 1, 2008. In the current year, the
partial application of this standard affected, or will affect, fair value
measurement concepts used or embedded in PPL's critical accounting policies
related to "Price Risk Management" and "Defined Benefits." PPL's
election to defer the application of SFAS 157, as amended, for eligible assets
and liabilities will primarily affect the fair value component of PPL's critical
accounting policies related to "Asset Impairment" and "Asset Retirement
Obligations" in 2009. See Notes 2 and 13 to the Financial Statements
for additional information regarding SFAS 157, as amended.
PPL ENERGY SUPPLY, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item
2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations
Overview
PPL
Energy Supply is an energy company with headquarters in Allentown,
Pennsylvania. In PPL Energy Supply's 2007 Form 10-K, descriptions of
its domestic and international businesses are found in "Item 1. Business -
Background." Through its subsidiaries, PPL Energy Supply is primarily
engaged in the generation and marketing of electricity in two key markets - the
northeastern and western U.S. - and in the delivery of electricity in the
U.K. PPL Energy Supply's reportable segments are Supply and
International Delivery. In 2007, PPL Energy Supply sold its regulated
electricity delivery businesses in Latin America, which were included in the
International Delivery segment. See Note 8 to the Financial
Statements for information on the sales. See "Item 7. Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations -
Overview" in PPL Energy Supply's 2007 Form 10-K for a discussion of PPL Energy
Supply's strategy and the risks and the challenges that it faces in its
business. See "Forward-Looking Information," Note 10 to the Financial
Statements and the rest of this Item 2 in this Form 10-Q and "Item 1A. Risk
Factors" and the rest of Item 7 in PPL Energy Supply's 2007 Form 10-K for more
information concerning the material risks and uncertainties that PPL Energy
Supply faces in its businesses and with respect to its future
earnings.
The
following information should be read in conjunction with PPL Energy Supply's
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes and with
PPL Energy Supply's 2007 Form 10-K.
Terms and
abbreviations are explained in the glossary. Dollars are in millions
unless otherwise noted.
Results of
Operations
The
following discussion begins with a summary of PPL Energy Supply's
earnings. "Results of Operations" continues with a review of results
by reportable segment and a description of key factors by segment that
management expects may impact future earnings. This section ends with
explanations of significant changes in principal items on PPL Energy Supply's
Statements of Income, comparing the three months ended March 31, 2008, with the
same period in 2007.
Earnings
Net
income was $204 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008, compared
with $147 million for the same period in 2007.
The
changes in net income from period to period were, in part, attributable to
several special items that management considers significant. Details
of these special items are provided within the review of each segment's
earnings.
The
period-to-period changes in significant earnings components, including domestic
gross energy margins by region and significant income statement line items, are
explained in the "Statement of Income Analysis."
The
results for interim periods can be disproportionately influenced by various
factors and developments and by seasonal variations, and as such, the results of
operations for interim periods do not necessarily indicate results or trends for
the year or for future operating results.
Segment
Results
Net
income by segment was:
|
|
Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supply
|
|
$
|
106
|
|
|
$
|
119
|
|
International
Delivery
|
|
|
98
|
|
|
|
28
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
204
|
|
|
$
|
147
|
|
Supply
Segment
The
Supply segment primarily consists of the domestic energy marketing, domestic
generation and domestic development operations of PPL Energy
Supply. In August 2007, PPL Energy Supply completed the sale of its
domestic telecommunication operations. See Note 8 to the Financial
Statements for additional information.
Supply
segment net income was:
|
|
Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Energy
revenues
|
|
$
|
779
|
|
|
$
|
761
|
|
Energy-related
businesses
|
|
|
105
|
|
|
|
173
|
|
Total
operating revenues
|
|
|
884
|
|
|
|
934
|
|
Fuel
and energy purchases
|
|
|
285
|
|
|
|
341
|
|
Other
operation and maintenance
|
|
|
237
|
|
|
|
188
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
41
|
|
|
|
38
|
|
Taxes,
other than income
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
8
|
|
Energy-related
businesses
|
|
|
103
|
|
|
|
196
|
|
Total
operating expenses
|
|
|
668
|
|
|
|
771
|
|
Other
Income – net
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
|
13
|
|
Interest
Expense
|
|
|
33
|
|
|
|
27
|
|
Income
Taxes
|
|
|
85
|
|
|
|
29
|
|
Minority
Interest
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
Net
Income
|
|
$
|
106
|
|
|
$
|
119
|
|
The
after-tax change in net income between these periods was due to the following
factors.
Eastern
U.S. non-trading margins
|
|
$
|
(12
|
)
|
|
Net
energy trading margins
|
|
|
(6
|
)
|
|
Operating
expenses
|
|
|
(7
|
)
|
|
Taxes,
other than income
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
Interest
expense
|
|
|
(4
|
)
|
|
Earnings
from synfuel projects
|
|
|
(27
|
)
|
|
Realized
earnings on nuclear decommissioning trust
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
|
Other
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
Special
items
|
|
|
41
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
(13
|
)
|
|
·
|
See
"Domestic Gross Energy Margins" for an explanation of non-trading margins
by geographic region and for an explanation of net energy trading
margins.
|
|
|
·
|
Higher
operating expenses were primarily attributable to higher operating costs
at the fossil generating stations primarily due to unplanned outages, the
timing of planned outages and higher operating costs in the energy
marketing organization.
|
|
|
·
|
Lower
earnings contribution from synfuel projects was the result of the
expiration of federal tax credits and closure of the synfuel facilities at
the end of 2007.
|
The
following after-tax amounts, which management considers special items, also had
a significant impact on the Supply segment earnings. See the
indicated Notes to the Financial Statements for additional
information.
|
|
Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mark-to-market
adjustments from certain economic non-trading
hedges (a)
|
|
$
|
50
|
|
|
$
|
10
|
|
Sale
of domestic telecommunication operations (Note 8)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(18
|
)
|
PJM
billing dispute
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
Colstrip
groundwater litigation (Note 10)
|
|
|
(5
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Synthetic
fuel tax adjustment (Note 10)
|
|
|
(13
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
32
|
|
|
$
|
(9
|
)
|
(a)
|
|
These
economic hedge transactions do not qualify for hedge accounting under SFAS
133, however they economically hedge a specific risk and do not represent
speculative trading activity. These transactions are highly
probable of going to physical delivery; therefore, the mark-to-market
gains or losses on these transactions will reverse by the time the
transactions settle in the future. See "Changes in Domestic
Gross Energy Margins by Region" and Note 14 to the Financial Statements
for additional information regarding economic
activity.
|
2008
Outlook
Excluding
special items, PPL Energy Supply projects lower earnings in its Supply segment
in 2008 compared with 2007 as a result of the expiration of synfuel-related
benefits and higher depreciation relating to the installation of scrubbers in
2008 at its Montour and Brunner Island coal-fired power plants. PPL Energy
Supply expects these negative effects to be partially offset by higher energy
margins as a result of higher-valued wholesale energy contracts and higher
overall baseload generation compared with 2007. PPL Energy Supply expects
most of its increased energy margins to be realized in the second half of
2008.
As
discussed in "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in PPL Energy Supply's 2007 Form 10-K,
activities by the FERC, other governmental authorities and other involved
parties can have a significant effect on market prices for wholesale
electricity, and thus on the margins that PPL EnergyPlus achieves on its future
sales of energy. In April 2008, the FERC denied PJM's request to
increase the Cost of New Entry element of the PJM capacity pricing
formula. In a separate action, in connection with Duquesne Light
Company's (Duquesne) decision to leave PJM, in April 2008 the FERC ruled that
PJM may grant capacity resources in the Duquesne zone transmission rights that
would facilitate inclusion of such capacity in PJM’s Reliability Pricing Model
(RPM) capacity markets, beginning with the 2011-2012 planning year auction,
notwithstanding that such capacity would be treated as external generation to
PJM at the time it had to be delivered. In response, PJM has
indicated that it will grant generators in the Duquesne zone of PJM the
necessary transmission rights. These FERC and PJM actions are
expected to reduce capacity prices for the 2011-2012 RPM capacity auction
scheduled to take place in May 2008 and possibly for future RPM capacity
auctions. Because a large portion of PPL Energy Supply's generating
capacity is located in PJM, the impact of any such reduced RPM capacity
prices on PPL Energy Supply could be material. PPL Energy Supply
cannot predict the ultimate outcome of these or related FERC proceedings and the
impact on capacity prices in PJM or on PPL Energy Supply’s financial
results.
International Delivery
Segment
The
International Delivery segment includes operations of the international energy
businesses of PPL Global that are primarily focused on the distribution of
electricity. PPL Global's primary remaining international business is
located in the U.K. In 2007, PPL Energy Supply completed the sale of
its Latin American operating businesses. PPL Global expects to
recognize income tax adjustments and incur expenses in 2008 as the remaining
Latin American holding companies are dissolved. See Note 8 to the
Financial Statements for additional information.
The
International Delivery segment results in 2008 and 2007 reflect the
reclassification of Latin American revenues and expenses to Discontinued
Operations.
International
Delivery segment net income was:
|
|
Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Utility
revenues
|
|
$
|
241
|
|
|
$
|
216
|
|
Energy-related
businesses
|
|
|
9
|
|
|
|
10
|
|
Total
operating revenues
|
|
|
250
|
|
|
|
226
|
|
Other
operation and maintenance
|
|
|
46
|
|
|
|
56
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
36
|
|
|
|
43
|
|
Taxes,
other than income
|
|
|
17
|
|
|
|
16
|
|
Energy-related
businesses
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
Total
operating expenses
|
|
|
102
|
|
|
|
120
|
|
Other
Income - net
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
11
|
|
Interest
Expense
|
|
|
38
|
|
|
|
49
|
|
Income
Taxes
|
|
|
20
|
|
|
|
15
|
|
Income
(Loss) from Discontinued Operations
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
(25
|
)
|
Net
Income
|
|
$
|
98
|
|
|
$
|
28
|
|
The
after-tax change in net income between these periods was due to the following
factors, including Discontinued Operations.
U.K.:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Delivery
margins
|
|
$
|
16
|
|
|
Depreciation
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
Operating
expenses
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
Interest
expense
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
Income
taxes
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
Foreign
currency exchange rates
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
Gain
on transfer of international equity investment (Note 8)
|
|
|
(5
|
)
|
|
Hyder
liquidation distributions (Note 8)
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
Other
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
Discontinued
operations (Note 8)
|
|
(10
|
)
|
|
Other
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
Special
item
|
|
|
40
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
70
|
|
|
·
|
The
U.K.'s earnings were favorably impacted by higher delivery margins
primarily due to higher prices, which include the annual regulatory
adjustment for inflation.
|
|
|
·
|
Lower
U.K. operating expenses were primarily due to lower pension expense
resulting from an improvement in the fair value of pension assets and an
increase in the discount rate.
|
|
|
·
|
Lower
U.K. income taxes were due to a favorable U.K. taxing authority
determination.
|
The
following after-tax amount, which management considers a special item, also had
a significant impact on the International Delivery segment
earnings.
|
|
Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
Sale
of Latin American businesses (Note 8)
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
(40
|
)
|
2008
Outlook
Excluding
special items, PPL Energy Supply projects the earnings of its International
Delivery segment will decline in 2008 compared with 2007. This
decline is a result of the 2007 sale of PPL Energy Supply's Latin American
businesses and higher U.S. income taxes primarily driven by the U.S. income tax
benefits realized in 2007. Partially offsetting the impact of these
negative earnings drivers are higher revenues in WPD's electricity distribution
businesses and lower pension expense.
Statement
of Income Analysis --
Domestic
Gross Energy Margins
The
following table provides pre-tax changes in the income statement line items that
comprise domestic gross energy margins.
|
Three
Months Ended
March 31,
2008
vs.
March 31,
2007
|
|
|
Wholesale
energy marketing
|
|
$
|
9
|
|
|
Wholesale
energy marketing to affiliate
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
Unregulated
retail electric
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
Net
energy trading margins
|
|
|
(11
|
)
|
|
Other
revenue adjustments (a)
|
|
|
(30
|
)
|
|
Total
revenues
|
|
|
(12
|
)
|
|
Fuel
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
Energy
purchases
|
|
|
(57
|
)
|
|
Energy
purchases from affiliate
|
|
|
(9
|
)
|
|
Other
cost adjustments (a)
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
Total
cost of sales
|
|
|
(57
|
)
|
|
Domestic
gross energy margins
|
|
$
|
45
|
|
|
(a)
|
|
Adjusted
to exclude the impact of any revenues and costs not associated with
domestic gross energy margins, consistent with the way management reviews
domestic gross energy margins internally. These exclusions
include revenues and energy costs related to WPD. Also adjusted
to include gains or losses on sales of emission allowances, which are
included in "Other operation and maintenance" expenses on the Statements
of Income.
|
Changes in Domestic Gross
Energy Margins By Region
Domestic
gross energy margins are generated through PPL Energy Supply's non-trading and
trading activities. PPL Energy Supply manages its non-trading energy
business on a geographic basis that is aligned with its generation
assets. PPL Energy Supply further segregates non-trading activities
into two categories: hedge activity and economic
activity. Economic activity represents the net unrealized effect of
derivative transactions that are entered into as economic hedges, and that do
not qualify for hedge accounting, or hedge accounting was not elected, under
SFAS 133.
|
Three
Months Ended
March 31, 2008 vs.
March 31,
2007
|
Non-trading
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eastern
U.S.
|
|
$
|
57
|
|
|
Western
U.S.
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
Net
energy trading
|
|
|
(11
|
)
|
|
Domestic
gross energy margins
|
|
$
|
45
|
|
|
Eastern
U.S.
Eastern
U.S. non-trading margins that resulted from economic activity and hedge
ineffectiveness were $79 million higher during the three months ended March 31,
2008, compared with the same period in 2007. This increase was due to unrealized
gains on purchases to supply full requirements contracts, which was driven by
increases in power and gas prices.
Eastern
U.S. non-trading margins, excluding results from economic activity and hedge
ineffectiveness, were $22 million lower during the three months ended March 31,
2008, compared with the same period in 2007. This decrease was
primarily due to higher average fuel prices, which were up 8%, and lower
baseload generation from the retirement of the Martins Creek coal units in
September 2007, which was down 2%. Partially offsetting these lower
margins was improved wholesale activity, which was driven by higher sales
volumes and favorable pricing.
Net
Energy Trading
PPL
Energy Supply enters into energy contracts to take advantage of market
opportunities. As a result, PPL Energy Supply may at times create a
net open position in its portfolio that could result in significant losses if
prices do not move in the manner or direction anticipated. The
margins from these trading activities are reflected in the Statements of Income
as "Net energy trading margins." These physical and financial
contracts cover trading activity associated with electricity, gas and
oil.
Net
energy trading margins decreased by $11 million during the three months ended
March 31, 2008, compared with the same period in 2007. The entire
decrease was due to lower unrealized margins.
The
realized physical volumes for electricity and gas associated with energy trading
were:
|
|
Three
Months
Ended
March 31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GWh
|
|
|
4,438
|
|
|
|
2,788
|
|
Bcf
|
|
|
5.6
|
|
|
|
5.3
|
|
Utility
Revenues
The
increase in utility revenues was attributable to:
|
Three
Months Ended
March 31,
2008
vs.
March 31,
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.K.
retail electric revenue
|
|
$
|
22
|
|
|
U.K.
foreign currency exchange rates
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
25
|
|
|
The
increase in U.K. utility revenues, excluding foreign currency exchange rate
impacts, was primarily due to an increase in prices effective April 1,
2007.
Energy-related
Businesses
Energy-related
businesses contributed $26 million more to operating income for the three months
ended March 31, 2008, compared with the same period in 2007. The
increase was primarily attributable to:
·
|
a
$31 million impairment in 2007 of domestic telecommunication assets that
were subsequently sold in 2007 (see Note 8 to the Financial Statements);
and
|
·
|
$16
million less in operating losses from synfuel projects. The
projects ceased operation at the end of 2007; partially offset
by
|
·
|
a
$21 million net gain on options purchased to hedge the risk associated
with the phase-out of the synthetic fuel tax credits in
2007. No such options were held in 2008 as PPL Energy Supply's
synthetic fuel operations have
ceased.
|
See Note
10 to the Financial Statements for additional information on the synthetic fuel
tax credits and the synfuel projects.
Other
Operation and Maintenance
The
increase in other operation and maintenance expenses was due to:
|
Three
Months Ended
March 31,
2008
vs.
March 31,
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lower
gains on sales of emission allowances
|
|
$
|
29
|
|
|
Salary
expense
|
|
|
15
|
|
|
Outage
costs at Western and Eastern U.S. fossil/hydro stations
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
Colstrip
groundwater litigation (Note 10)
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
Outage
costs at Susquehanna nuclear station
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
Defined
benefit costs
|
|
|
(8
|
)
|
|
Allocation
of certain corporate service costs (Note 11)
|
|
|
(8
|
)
|
|
Other
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
|
$
|
39
|
|
|
Depreciation
The
decrease in depreciation expense was due to:
|
Three
Months Ended
March 31,
2008
vs.
March 31,
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additions
to PP&E
|
|
$
|
6
|
|
|
Extension
of useful lives of certain WPD network assets in 2007
|
|
|
(10
|
)
|
|
|
|
$
|
(4
|
)
|
|
Taxes,
Other Than Income
Taxes,
other than income decreased by $5 million during the three months ended March
31, 2008, compared with the same period in 2007.
The decrease was
primarily due to a decrease in PPL Montana's property taxes, as the 2008 period
included a $7 million refund credit. This credit was partially offset
by a $1 million increase in WPD property taxes.
Other
Income - net
See Note
12 to the Financial Statements for details of other income.
Interest
Expense
The
decrease in interest expense, which includes "Interest Expense with
Affiliates," was due to:
|
Three
Months Ended
March 31,
2008
vs.
March 31,
2007
|
|
|
Long-term
debt interest expense
|
|
$
|
3
|
|
|
Amortization
of debt issuance costs
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
Redemption
of 8.23% Subordinated Debentures in 2007
|
|
|
(4
|
)
|
|
Capitalized
interest
|
|
|
(8
|
)
|
|
Other
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
(5
|
)
|
|
Income
Taxes
The
increase in income taxes was due to:
|
Three
Months Ended
March 31,
2008
vs.
March 31,
2007
|
|
|
Synthetic
fuel and other tax credits
|
|
$
|
39
|
|
|
Higher
pre-tax book income
|
|
|
33
|
|
|
Tax
expense on foreign earnings
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
Tax
reserve adjustments (Note 5)
|
|
|
(11
|
)
|
|
Other
|
|
|
(3
|
)
|
|
|
|
$
|
61
|
|
|
See Note
5 to the Financial Statements for details on effective income tax
rates.
Discontinued
Operations
See
"Discontinued Operations" in Note 8 to the Financial Statements for information
on the 2007 sale of PPL Energy Supply's Latin American operating businesses,
along with information regarding the operating results of such
businesses.
Financial
Condition
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
PPL
Energy Supply had the following at:
|
|
March
31, 2008
|
|
December
31, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
246
|
|
|
$
|
355
|
|
Short-term
investments (a)
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
|
102
|
|
|
|
$
|
346
|
|
|
$
|
457
|
|
Short-term
debt
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
51
|
|
(a)
|
|
Includes
$11 million and $10 million of auction rate securities at March 31,
2008 and December 31, 2007. See below for further discussion of
auction rate securities.
|
The $109
million decrease in PPL Energy Supply's cash and cash equivalents position was
primarily the net result of:
·
|
distributions
to Member of $492 million;
|
·
|
$266
million of capital expenditures;
|
·
|
an
increase of $82 million in restricted cash and cash
equivalents;
|
·
|
a
net decrease in short-term debt of $50 million (excluding the impact of
foreign currency translation adjustments);
|
·
|
$25
million in net purchases of auction rate securities;
|
·
|
$18
million in net purchases of emission allowances;
|
·
|
$451
million of cash provided by operating activities; and
|
·
|
proceeds
of $399 million from the issuance of long-term
debt.
|
Auction Rate
Securities
At March
31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, PPL Energy Supply had $35 million and $10
million of auction rate securities, of which $11 million and $10 million
were reflected as short-term investments at such dates. Investor
concerns over insurers who guarantee the credit of certain of the underlying
securities and other conditions have resulted in many investors of auction rate
securities being unable to sell such securities at auction in recent
months. In certain instances, this has resulted in investors
continuing to own these securities, generally at higher interest
rates. PPL Energy Supply currently believes that it does not
have material loss exposure given the high quality of the underlying
securities. Subsequent to March 31, 2008, an aggregate of $11 million
of auction rate securities have either been liquidated or called for redemption
at par value by the issuers. See Note 13 to the Financial Statements
for further discussion of auction rate securities.
Credit
Facilities
In March
2008, PPL Energy Supply increased the capacity of its 364-day reimbursement
agreement, under which it can cause the bank to issue letters of credit, from
$200 million to $300 million and extended the expiration date of the agreement
to March 2009.
PPL
Energy Supply currently does not expect to make any modifications in 2008,
including extending the expiration date, to its $3.4 billion five-year credit
facility that expires in June 2012.
In
January 2008, WPDH Limited extended the expiration date of its £150 million
(approximately $298 million) five-year committed credit facility to January
2013, and it has the option to extend the expiration date by another year in
January 2009.
Financing
Activities
In March
2008, PPL Energy Supply issued $400 million of 6.50% Senior Notes due 2018 (the
Notes). The Notes may be redeemed any time prior to maturity at PPL
Energy Supply's option at make-whole redemption prices. PPL Energy
Supply received proceeds of $396 million, net of a discount and underwriting
fees, from the issuance of the Notes. The proceeds have been used for
general corporate purposes, including capital expenditures relating to the
installation of pollution control equipment by PPL Energy Supply
subsidiaries.
The terms
of PPL Energy Supply's 2-5/8% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023 (Convertible
Senior Notes) include a market price trigger that permits holders to convert the
notes during any fiscal quarter if the closing sale price of PPL's common stock
exceeds $29.83 for at least 20 trading days in the 30 consecutive trading days
ending on the last trading day of the preceding fiscal
quarter. Holders of the Convertible Senior Notes were entitled to
convert their notes at any time during the first quarter of 2008 and are also
entitled to convert their notes any time during the second quarter of 2008, as a
result of the market price trigger being met. When holders elect to
convert the Convertible Senior Notes, PPL Energy Supply is required to settle
the principal amount in cash and any conversion premium in cash or PPL common
stock. During the first quarter of 2008, Convertible Senior Notes in
an aggregate principal amount of $9 million were presented for
conversion. The total conversion premium related to these conversions
was $7 million, which was settled with 158,945 shares of PPL common stock, along
with an insignificant amount of cash in lieu of fractional
shares. After such conversions, approximately $48 million of
Convertible Senior Notes remain outstanding.
The
holders of the Convertible Senior Notes have the right to require PPL Energy
Supply to purchase all or any part (equal to $1,000 principal amount or an
integral multiple thereof) of the Convertible Senior Notes on May 15, 2008 at
100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon as of
such date. Additionally, in April 2008, the holders were notified
that PPL Energy Supply is calling for redemption on May 20, 2008 all outstanding
Convertible Senior Notes at 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and
unpaid interest thereon as of such date. The Convertible Senior Notes
are subject to conversion at the election of the holders any time prior to May
20, 2008. PPL and PPL Energy Supply have, and expect to continue to
have, access to sufficient liquidity sources to fund the redemptions and
conversions of the outstanding Convertible Senior Notes.
In April
2008, PPL Energy Supply elected to change the interest rate mode on the Exempt
Facilities Revenue Bonds, Series 2007 due 2037 (the Bonds) that were issued by
the Pennsylvania Economic Development Financing Authority on behalf of PPL
Energy Supply in December 2007. The interest rate mode was converted
from a rate that was reset daily through daily remarketing of the Bonds to a
term rate of 1.80% for one year.
Rating Agency
Decisions
Moody's,
S&P and Fitch periodically review the credit ratings on the debt and
preferred securities of PPL Energy Supply and its subsidiaries. Based
on their respective independent reviews, the rating agencies may make certain
ratings revisions or ratings affirmations.
A credit
rating reflects an assessment by the rating agency of the creditworthiness
associated with an issuer and particular securities that it
issues. The credit ratings of PPL Energy Supply and its subsidiaries
are based on information provided by PPL Energy Supply and other
sources. The ratings of Moody's, S&P and Fitch are not a
recommendation to buy, sell or hold any securities of PPL Energy Supply or its
subsidiaries. Such ratings may be subject to revisions or withdrawal
by the agencies at any time and should be evaluated independently of each other
and any other rating that may be assigned to the securities. A
downgrade in PPL Energy Supply's or its subsidiaries' credit ratings could
result in higher borrowing costs and reduced access to capital
markets.
Moody's
and S&P did not take any actions related to PPL Energy Supply and its rated
subsidiaries during the first quarter of 2008. In March 2008, Fitch
completed a review of its credit ratings for PPL Energy Supply and affirmed all
its ratings.
For
additional information on PPL Energy Supply's liquidity and capital resources,
see "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations," in PPL Energy Supply's 2007 Form 10-K.
Risk
Management - Energy Marketing & Trading and Other
Market
Risk
Commodity
Price Risk (Non-trading)
PPL
Energy Supply's non-trading commodity derivative contracts mature at various
times through 2017. PPL Energy Supply segregates its non-trading
activities into two categories: hedge activity and economic
activity. Transactions that are accounted for as hedge activity
qualify for hedge accounting treatment under SFAS 133. The majority
of PPL Energy Supply's energy transactions qualify for accrual or hedge
accounting. The economic activity category includes transactions that
address a specific risk, but were not eligible for hedge accounting or for which
hedge accounting was not elected. Included in this category are
certain load-following energy obligations and related supply contracts, options,
FTRs, and crude oil swaps to hedge rail transportation. Although they
do not receive hedge accounting treatment, these transactions are considered
non-trading activity. The fair value of economic activity at
March 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, including net premiums on options,
was $141 million and $67 million. The following chart sets forth the
net fair value of PPL Energy Supply's non-trading commodity derivative
contracts. For the period ended March 31, 2008, these amounts reflect
the fair value as defined by SFAS 157, as amended. See Note 13 to the
Financial Statements for additional information.
|
|
Three
Months Ended
March
31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair
value of contracts outstanding at the beginning of the
period
|
|
$
|
(305
|
)
|
|
$
|
(111
|
)
|
Contracts
realized or otherwise settled during the period
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
|
23
|
|
Fair
value of new contracts entered into during the period
|
|
|
100
|
|
|
|
92
|
|
Changes
in fair value attributable to changes in valuation techniques
(a)
|
|
|
55
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
changes in fair value
|
|
|
(126
|
)
|
|
|
(17
|
)
|
Fair
value of contracts outstanding at the end of the period
|
|
$
|
(268
|
)
|
|
$
|
(13
|
)
|
(a)
|
|
Amount
represents the reduction of valuation reserves related to capacity and FTR
contracts upon the adoption of SFAS
157.
|
The
following chart segregates fair values of PPL Energy Supply's non-trading
commodity derivative contracts at March 31, 2008, based on whether the fair
values are determined by quoted market prices for identical instruments or other
more subjective means.
|
|
Fair
Value of Contracts at Period-End
Gains
(Losses)
|
|
|
Maturity
Less
Than
1
Year
|
|
Maturity
1-3
Years
|
|
Maturity
4-5
Years
|
|
Maturity
in
Excess
of
5 Years
|
|
Total
Fair
Value
|
Source
of Fair Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prices
quoted in active markets for identical instruments
|
|
$
|
6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
6
|
|
Prices
based on significant other observable inputs
|
|
|
55
|
|
|
$
|
(392
|
)
|
|
$
|
(153
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(490
|
)
|
Prices
based on significant unobservable inputs
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
49
|
|
|
$
|
161
|
|
|
|
216
|
|
Fair
value of contracts outstanding at the end of the period
|
|
$
|
66
|
|
|
$
|
(391
|
)
|
|
$
|
(104
|
)
|
|
$
|
161
|
|
|
$
|
(268
|
)
|
Because
of PPL Energy Supply's efforts to hedge the value of energy from its generation
assets, PPL Energy Supply sells electricity, capacity and related services and
buys fuel on a forward basis, resulting in open contractual
positions. If PPL Energy Supply were unable to deliver firm capacity
and energy or to accept the delivery of fuel under its agreements, under certain
circumstances it could be required to pay damages. These damages
would be based on the difference between the market price and the contract price
of the commodity. Depending on price volatility in the wholesale
energy markets, such damages could be significant. Extreme weather
conditions, unplanned power plant outages, transmission disruptions,
nonperformance by counterparties (or their own counterparties) with which it has
energy contracts and other factors could affect PPL Energy Supply's ability to
meet its obligations, or cause significant increases in the market price of
replacement energy. Although PPL Energy Supply attempts to mitigate
these risks, there can be no assurance that it will be able to fully meet its
firm obligations, that it will not be required to pay damages for failure to
perform, or that it will not experience counterparty nonperformance in the
future.
PPL
Energy Supply utilizes a VaR model to measure commodity price risk in its
non-trading and trading portfolios. This approach is consistent with
how PPL's Risk Management Committee assesses the market risk of its commodity
business. VaR is a statistical model that attempts to predict the
value of potential loss, under normal market conditions, based on historical
market price volatility. PPL Energy Supply calculates VaR using a
Monte Carlo simulation technique, which uses historical data from the past
12-month period. The VaR is the estimated nominal loss of earnings
based on a one-day holding period at a 95% confidence interval. At
March 31, 2008, the VaR for PPL Energy Supply's non-trading portfolio was
$19 million.
Commodity
Price Risk (Trading)
PPL
Energy Supply's trading contracts mature at various times through
2012. The following chart sets forth PPL Energy Supply's net fair
value of trading contracts. The three months ended March 31, 2008
reflect fair value as defined by SFAS 157. See Note 13 for additional
information.
|
|
Three
Months Ended
March
31,
|
|
|
2008
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair
value of contracts outstanding at the beginning of the
period
|
|
$
|
16
|
|
|
$
|
41
|
|
Contracts
realized or otherwise settled during the period
|
|
|
15
|
|
|
|
(13
|
)
|
Fair
value of new contracts entered into during the period
|
|
|
(8
|
)
|
|
|
16
|
|
Changes
in fair value attributable to changes in valuation
techniques
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
changes in fair value
|
|
|
(1
|
)
|
|
|
1
|
|
Fair
value of contracts outstanding at the end of the period
|
|
$
|
22
|
|
|
$
|
45
|
|
PPL
Energy Supply will reverse unrealized gains of approximately $13 million over
the next three months as the transactions are realized.
The
following chart segregates fair values of PPL Energy Supply's trading portfolio
at March 31, 2008, based on whether the fair values are determined by quoted
market prices for identical instruments or other more subjective
means.
|
|
Fair
Value of Contracts at Period-End
Gains
(Losses)
|
|
|
Maturity
Less
Than
1
Year
|
|
Maturity
1-3
Years
|
|
Maturity
4-5
Years
|
|
Maturity
in
Excess
of
5 Years
|
|
Total
Fair
Value
|
Source
of Fair Value
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prices
quoted in active markets for identical instruments
|
|
$
|
(6
|
)
|
|
$
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
(5
|
)
|
Prices
based on significant other observable inputs
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
13
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
27
|
|
Prices
based on significant unobservable inputs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair
value of contracts outstanding at the end of the period
|
|
$
|
8
|
|
|
$
|
14
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
22
|
|
See
"Commodity Price Risk (Non-trading)" for information on PPL's VaR
model. At March 31, 2008, the VaR for PPL Energy Supply's trading
portfolio was insignificant.
Commodity
Price Risk Summary
In
accordance with its marketing strategy, PPL Energy Supply often elects not to
completely hedge its generation output or fuel requirements. PPL
Energy Supply estimates that for its entire portfolio, including all generation,
emissions and physical and financial energy positions, a 10% adverse change in
power prices across all geographic zones and time periods would decrease
expected 2008 gross margins by $15 million. Similarly, a 10% adverse
movement in all fossil fuel prices would decrease expected 2008 gross margins by
$5 million.
Interest
Rate Risk
PPL
Energy Supply and its subsidiaries have issued debt to finance their operations,
which exposes them to interest rate risk. Both PPL and PPL Energy
Supply manage the interest rate risk of PPL Energy Supply by using various
financial derivative products to adjust the mix of fixed and floating interest
rates in PPL Energy Supply's debt portfolio, adjust the duration of its debt
portfolio and lock in Treasury rates (and interest rate spreads over Treasuries)
in anticipation of future financing, when appropriate. Risk limits
under the risk management program are designed to balance risk exposure to
volatility in interest expense and changes in the fair value of PPL Energy
Supply's debt portfolio due to changes in the absolute level of interest
rates.
At March
31, 2008, PPL Energy Supply's potential annual exposure to increased interest
expense, based on a 10% increase in interest rates, was $2 million.
PPL
Energy Supply is also exposed to changes in the fair value of its domestic and
international debt portfolios. PPL Energy Supply estimated that a 10%
decrease in interest rates at March 31, 2008, would increase the fair value of
its debt portfolio by $299 million.
PPL and
PPL Energy Supply utilize various risk management instruments to reduce PPL
Energy Supply's exposure to the expected future cash flow variability of its
debt instruments. These risks include exposure to adverse interest
rate movements for outstanding variable rate debt and for future anticipated
financing. While PPL Energy Supply is exposed to changes in the fair
value of these instruments, any changes in the fair value of these instruments
are recorded in equity and then reclassified into earnings in the same period
during which the item being hedged affects earnings. At March 31,
2008, PPL Energy Supply had none of these instruments outstanding.
PPL and
PPL Energy Supply also utilize various risk management instruments to adjust the
mix of fixed and floating interest rates in PPL Energy Supply's debt
portfolio. The change in fair value of these instruments, as well as
the offsetting
change in
the
value of the hedged exposure of the debt, is reflected in
earnings. At March 31, 2008, the fair value of these instruments was
a net asset of $4 million. PPL Energy Supply estimated that a 10%
adverse movement in interest rates at March 31, 2008, would decrease the net
asset by $1 million.
WPDH
Limited holds a net position in cross-currency swaps totaling $527 million to
hedge the interest payments and principal of its U.S. dollar-denominated bonds
with maturity dates ranging from December 2008 to December
2028. While PPL Energy Supply is exposed to changes in the fair value
of these instruments, any changes in the fair value of these instruments are
recorded in equity and then reclassified into earnings in the same period during
which the item being hedged affects earnings. The estimated fair
value of this position at March 31, 2008, was a net liability of $115
million. WPDH Limited estimated that a 10% adverse movement in
foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates at March 31, 2008, would
increase the net liability by $101 million.
Foreign
Currency Risk
PPL
Energy Supply is exposed to foreign currency risk, primarily through investments
in U.K. affiliates. In addition, PPL Energy Supply's domestic
operations may make purchases of equipment in currencies other than U.S.
dollars.
PPL and
PPL Energy Supply have adopted a foreign currency risk management program
designed to hedge certain foreign currency exposures, including firm
commitments, recognized assets or liabilities, anticipated transactions and net
investments. In addition, PPL and PPL Energy Supply enter into
financial instruments to protect against foreign currency translation risk of
expected earnings.
In 2007,
PPL executed forward contracts to sell British pounds sterling to protect the
value of a portion of PPL Energy Supply's net investment in WPD. In
connection with these transactions, PPL Energy Supply entered into forward
contracts with PPL that have terms identical to those executed by
PPL. The total notional amount of the contracts outstanding at March
31, 2008, was £68 million. The settlement dates of these contracts
range from March 2009 through June 2011. At March 31, 2008, the fair
value of these positions was a net asset of $5 million. PPL Energy
Supply estimated that a 10% adverse movement in foreign currency exchange rates
at March 31, 2008, would decrease the net asset by $12
million.
To
economically hedge the translation of 2008 expected income denominated in
British pounds sterling to U.S. dollars, PPL entered into a combination of
average rate forwards and average rate options to sell British pounds
sterling. In connection with these transactions, PPL Energy Supply
entered into average rate forwards and average rate options with PPL that have
terms identical to those executed by PPL. At March 31, 2008, the
total exposure hedged was £66 million. These forwards and options
have termination dates ranging from April 2008 to December 2008. At
March 31, 2008, the net fair value of these positions was not
significant. PPL Energy Supply estimated that a 10% adverse movement
in foreign currency exchange rates at March 31, 2008, would decrease the net
asset position by $11 million.
Nuclear
Plant Decommissioning Trust Funds - Securities Price Risk
In
connection with certain NRC requirements, PPL Susquehanna maintains trust funds
to fund certain costs of decommissioning the Susquehanna nuclear
station. As of March 31, 2008, these funds were invested primarily in
domestic equity securities and fixed-rate, fixed-income securities and are
reflected at fair value on PPL Energy Supply's Balance Sheet. The mix
of securities is designed to provide returns sufficient to fund Susquehanna's
decommissioning and to compensate for inflationary increases in decommissioning
costs. However, the equity securities included in the trusts are
exposed to price fluctuation in equity markets, and the values of fixed-rate,
fixed-income securities are exposed to changes in interest rates. PPL
actively monitors the investment performance and periodically reviews asset
allocation in accordance with its nuclear plant decommissioning trust policy
statement. At March 31, 2008, a hypothetical 10% increase in
interest rates and a 10% decrease in equity prices would have resulted in an
estimated $36 million reduction in the fair value of the trust
assets. See Note 21 in PPL Energy Supply's 2007 Form 10-K for
additional information regarding the nuclear plant decommissioning trust
funds.
Related
Party Transactions
PPL
Energy Supply is not aware of any material ownership interests or operating
responsibility by senior management of PPL Energy Supply in outside
partnerships, including leasing transactions with variable interest entities, or
other entities doing business with PPL Energy Supply.
For
additional information on related party transactions, see Note 11 to the
Financial Statements.
Acquisitions,
Development and Divestitures
PPL
Energy Supply continuously evaluates strategic options for its business segments
and, from time to time, PPL Energy Supply and its subsidiaries are involved in
negotiations with third parties regarding acquisitions and dispositions of
businesses and assets, joint ventures and development projects, which may or may
not result in definitive agreements. Any such transactions may impact
future financial results. See Note 8 to the Financial Statements for
information regarding recent transactions.
PPL
Energy Supply is currently planning incremental capacity increases of 331 MW at
several existing domestic generating facilities. Offsetting this
increase is an expected 30 MW reduction in net generation capability at each of
the Brunner Island and Montour plants, due to the estimated increases in station
service usage during the scrubber operation. See Note 10 to the
Financial Statements for additional information.
PPL
Energy Supply continuously reexamines development projects based on market
conditions and other factors to determine whether to proceed with the projects,
sell, cancel or expand them, execute tolling agreements or pursue other
options.
Environmental
Matters
See Note
10 to the Financial Statements for a discussion of environmental
matters.
New Accounting
Standards
See Note
2 to the Financial Statements for a discussion of new accounting standards
adopted and Note 18 to the Financial Statements for a discussion of new
accounting standards pending adoption.
Application of Critical
Accounting Policies
PPL
Energy Supply's financial condition and results of operations are impacted by
the methods, assumptions and estimates used in the application of critical
accounting policies. The following accounting policies are
particularly important to the financial condition or results of operations of
PPL Energy Supply, and require estimates or other judgments of matters
inherently uncertain: price risk management, defined benefits, asset impairment,
leasing, loss accruals, asset retirement obligations and income tax
uncertainties.
See "Item
7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations," in PPL Energy Supply's 2007 Form 10-K for a discussion of each
critical accounting policy. PPL's senior management has reviewed
these critical accounting policies, and the estimates and assumptions regarding
them, with its Audit Committee. In addition, PPL's senior management
reviewed the Form 10-K disclosures regarding the application of these critical
accounting policies with the Audit Committee.
In 2006,
the FASB issued SFAS 157. Among other things, SFAS 157 provides a
definition of fair value as well as a framework for measuring fair
value. In February 2008, the FASB amended SFAS 157 through the
issuance of FSP FAS 157-1 and FSP FAS 157-2. FSP FAS 157-1 amends
SFAS 157 to exclude from its scope, certain accounting pronouncements that
address fair value measurements associated with leases. FSP FAS 157-2
delays the effective date of SFAS 157 to fiscal years beginning after November
15, 2008, for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities that are not
recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring
basis (at least annually).
As
permitted by this guidance, PPL Energy Supply partially applied SFAS 157, as
amended, prospectively, effective January 1, 2008. In the current
year, the partial application of this standard affected, or will affect, fair
value measurement concepts used or embedded in PPL Energy Supply's critical
accounting policies related to "Price Risk Management" and "Defined
Benefits." PPL Energy Supply's election to defer the application of
SFAS 157, as amended, for eligible assets and liabilities will primarily affect
the fair value component of PPL Energy Supply's critical accounting policies
related to "Asset Impairment" and "Asset Retirement Obligations" in
2009. See Notes 2 and 13 to the Financial Statements for additional
information regarding SFAS 157, as amended.
PPL ELECTRIC UTILITIES CORPORATION AND
SUBSIDIARIES
Item
2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations
Overview
PPL
Electric provides electricity delivery service in eastern and central
Pennsylvania. Its headquarters are in Allentown,
Pennsylvania. In PPL Electric's 2007 Form 10-K, see "Item 1. Business
- Background" for a description of its business and "Item 7. Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations -
Overview" for a discussion of its strategy and the risks and the challenges that
it faces in its business. See "Forward-Looking Information," Note 10
to the Financial Statements and the rest of this Item 2 in this Form 10-Q and
"Item 1A. Risk Factors" and the rest of Item 7 in PPL Electric's 2007 Form 10-K
for more information concerning the material risks and uncertainties that PPL
Electric faces in its business and with respect to its future
earnings.
The
following information should be read in conjunction with PPL Electric's
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying Notes and with
PPL Electric's 2007 Form 10-K.
Terms and
abbreviations are explained in the glossary. Dollars are in millions
unless otherwise noted.
Results of
Operations
The
following discussion begins with a summary of PPL Electric's earnings and
continues with a description of key factors that management expects may impact
future earnings. This section ends with explanations of significant
changes in principal items on PPL Electric's Statements of Income, comparing the
three months ended March 31, 2008, with the same period in 2007.
The
results for interim periods can be disproportionately influenced by various
factors and developments and by seasonal variations, and as such, the results of
operations for interim periods do not necessarily indicate results or trends for
the year or for future operating results.
Earnings
Income
available to PPL was $51 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008,
compared with $52 million for the same period in 2007.
The
after-tax change in income available to PPL between these periods was due to the
following factors.
Delivery
revenues (net of CTC/ITC amortization, interest expense on transition
bonds and ancillary charges)
|
|
$
|
10
|
|
|
Operating
expenses
|
|
|
(7
|
)
|
|
Other
income - net
|
|
|
(4
|
)
|
|
|
|
$
|
(1
|
)
|
|
The
period-to-period changes in significant earnings components are explained in the
"Statement of Income Analysis."
PPL
Electric's period-to-period earnings were affected by:
·
|
Higher
delivery revenues were attributable to normal load growth and a
base rate increase effective January 1, 2008.
|
|
|
·
|
Higher
operating expenses were primarily due to higher storm restoration costs
and other inflationary increases.
|
|
|
·
|
Lower
other income primarily due to a gain on the sale of land in
2007.
|
2008
Outlook
PPL
Electric projects higher earnings driven by higher revenues as a result of new
distribution rates that became effective January 1, 2008, partially offset
by higher operating expenses.
In May
2007, the PUC approved final regulations regarding the obligation of
Pennsylvania electric utilities to provide default electricity supply in 2011
and beyond. The new regulations provide that default service
providers will acquire electricity supply at prevailing market prices pursuant
to procurement and implementation plans approved by the PUC. The
regulations also address the utilities' recovery of market supply
costs. The final regulations became effective in September
2007.
In May
2007, the PUC approved PPL Electric's plan to procure default electricity supply
in 2007-2009 for retail customers who do not choose an alternative competitive
supplier in 2010 after PPL Electric's PLR contract with an affiliate
expires. Under the plan, PPL Electric was approved to issue a series
of competitive bids for such supply in 2007, 2008 and 2009. Each
solicitation is for 850 MW of expected generation supply, or one-sixth of PPL
Electric's expected PLR supply requirement in 2010. The average
generation supply prices (per MWh), including Pennsylvania gross receipts tax
and an adjustment for line losses, for the first three solicitations were as
follows:
|
|
Residential
|
|
Small
Commercial and Small Industrial
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
July
2007
|
|
$
|
101.77
|
|
|
$
|
105.11
|
|
|
October
2007
|
|
|
105.08
|
|
|
|
105.75
|
|
|
March
2008
|
|
|
108.80
|
|
|
|
108.76
|
|
|
As a
result, PPL Electric has contracted for one-half of the electricity supply it
expects to need for 2010. If the average prices paid for the supply
purchased so far were to be the same for the remaining three purchases, the
average residential customer's monthly bill in 2010 would increase about 34.4%
over 2009 levels, while small commercial and small industrial bills would
increase in the range of 23.8% to 42.8%. The estimated increases
include Pennsylvania gross receipts tax, an adjustment for line losses, PPL
Electric's January 1, 2008 rate increase and a court-ordered rate adjustment in
2007. Actual 2010 prices will not be known until all six supply
purchases have been made. The fourth solicitation will be conducted
in September 2008.
In
addition, the Governor of Pennsylvania proposed an Energy Independence Strategy
(Strategy) in early 2007 which, among other things, contains initiatives to
address PLR issues. For example, under the Strategy as originally
proposed, retail customers could elect to phase-in over three years any initial
generation rate increase approved by the PUC. Also, PLR providers
would be required to obtain a "least cost portfolio" of supply by purchasing
power in the spot market and through contracts of varying lengths, and the
provider would be required to procure energy conservation resources before
acquiring additional power. In addition, PLR providers could enter
into long-term contracts with large energy users and alternative energy
developers. It is uncertain at this time whether the details of
implementing the Strategy, including the issues of deferral of costs and
recovery of interest for the customer rate phase-in program and the timing of
PUC approval for PLR supply portfolios, will be delegated to the
PUC.
Components
of the Strategy are included in various bills. One such bill that
passed in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives (House) in February 2008
contains conservation and demand-side management targets and mandatory
deployment of smart metering technology. The bill provides for full
and current cost recovery through an energy efficiency and demand-side
management recovery mechanism.
In
September 2007, the Pennsylvania General Assembly convened a special session to
address the proposals in the Governor's Strategy. Central to the
Governor's Strategy is an $850 million Energy Independence Fund to support
alternative and renewable energy sources and energy conservation that would be
funded through revenue bonds and a surcharge on electricity
bills. The Pennsylvania Senate (Senate) has formed a special
committee to manage legislation for the special legislative
session. As an alternative to the Governor's $850 million Energy
Independence Fund, the full Senate has approved a bill that would create a $650
million fund for clean energy projects, conservation and energy efficiency
initiatives and pollution control projects that would be funded through revenue
bonds and gross receipts tax revenue, which will increase as rate caps
expire. The House passed similar legislation to create an $850
million fund, also to be funded primarily through revenue bonds, while also
allowing the use of gross receipts tax revenue.
Since
September 2007, PPL Electric has been working with Pennsylvania legislators,
regulators and other stakeholders to develop constructive measures to help
customers transition to market rates after 2009, including a variety of rate
mitigation, educational and energy conservation programs, consistent with
several initiatives being developed by the state administration and
legislature. In this regard, in November 2007, PPL Electric requested
the PUC to approve a plan under which its residential and small commercial
customers could smooth the impact of price increases when generation rate caps
expire in 2010. The proposed phase-in plan provided that
customers could pay additional amounts on their electric bills beginning in
mid-2008 and continuing through 2009, and such additional amounts, plus accrued
interest, would be applied to their 2010 and 2011 electric bills, mitigating the
impact of the rate cap expiration. PPL Electric requested expedited
consideration of the proposal by the PUC. Ten parties filed responses
to PPL Electric's petition, primarily because the proposal offered the program
on an "opt-out" basis (i.e., customers would be enrolled automatically and
affirmatively have to "opt-out" if they choose not to
participate). The parties negotiated a settlement
agreement under which PPL Electric agreed to change the "opt-out"
approach to an "opt-in" approach (i.e., customers would have to affirmatively
enroll) and to make the program available to customers enrolled in budget
billing. In March 2008, the Administrative Law Judge assigned to this
case recommended that the PUC approve the settlement agreement. In
April 2008, the PUC postponed taking action on the approval of the
agreement.
In May
2008, as a result of this postponement, PPL Electric announced that it must
delay the planned start date for the proposed phase-in option to allow adequate
time for PPL Electric to publicize the plan and for eligible customers to make
an informed choice about whether to enroll.
PPL Electric
cannot predict if and when the PUC will take further action in this
matter.
Certain
Pennsylvania legislators have introduced or are contemplating the introduction
of legislation to extend generation rate caps or otherwise limit cost recovery
through rates for Pennsylvania utilities beyond their transition periods, which
in PPL Electric's case would be December 31, 2009. PPL Electric has
expressed strong concern regarding the severe potential consequences of such
legislation on customer service, system reliability, adequate future generation
supply and PPL Electric's financial viability. If such legislation or
similar legislation is enacted, PPL Electric could experience substantial
operating losses, cash flow shortfalls and other adverse financial
impacts. In addition, continuing uncertainty regarding PPL Electric's
ability to recover its market supply and other costs of operation after 2009
could adversely impact its credit quality, financing costs and availability of
credit facilities necessary to operate its business. In addition, PPL
Electric believes that such an extension of rate caps, if enacted into law,
would violate federal law and the U.S. Constitution. At this time,
PPL Electric cannot predict the final outcome or impact of this legislative and
regulatory process.
Statement
of Income Analysis --
Operating
Revenues
Retail
Electric
The
increase in revenues from retail electric operations was attributable
to:
|
Three
Months Ended
March 31,
2008
vs.
March 31,
2007
|
|
|
PLR
|
|
$
|
8
|
|
|
Delivery
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
15
|
|
|
Higher
PLR and delivery revenues were attributable to normal load growth and a base
rate increase effective January 1, 2008.
Wholesale Electric to
Affiliate
PPL
Electric has a contract to sell to PPL EnergyPlus the electricity that PPL
Electric purchases under contracts with NUGs. The decrease of $9
million in wholesale electric to affiliate for the three months ended March 31,
2008, compared with the same period in 2007, was primarily due to the expiration
of a NUG contract at the end of 2007.
Energy
Purchases
The
decrease of $10 million in energy purchases for the three months ending March
31, 2008, compared with the same period in 2007, was primarily due to the
expiration of a NUG contract at the end of 2007.
Other
Operation and Maintenance
The
increase in other operation and maintenance expenses was due to:
|
Three
Months Ended
March 31,
2008
vs.
March 31,
2007
|
|
|
PUC-reportable
storm costs
|
|
$
|
5
|
|
|
Salary
expense
|
|
|
4
|
|
|
Contractor
expense
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
Insurance
premiums
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
Uncollectible
accounts
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
Customer
service expense
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
Allocation
of certain corporate service costs (Note 11)
|
|
|
(4
|
)
|
|
Insurance
recovery of storm costs
|
|
|
(5
|
)
|
|
Other
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
11
|
|
|
Other
Income - net
See Note
12 to the Financial Statements for details of other income.
Financing
Costs
The
decrease in financing costs, which include "Interest Expense," "Interest Expense
with Affiliate" and "Dividends on Preferred Securities," was due
to:
|
Three
Months Ended
March 31,
2008
vs.
March 31,
2007
|
|
|
Long-term
debt interest expense primarily due to the repayment of transition
bonds
|
|
$
|
(5
|
)
|
|
Other
|
|
|
(2
|
)
|
|
|
|
$
|
(7
|
)
|
|
Financial
Condition
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
PPL
Electric had the following at:
|
|
March
31, 2008
|
|
December
31, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
124
|
|
|
$
|
33
|
|
Short-term
debt
|
|
|
41
|
|
|
|
41
|
|
The $91
million increase in PPL Electric's cash and cash equivalents position was
primarily the net result of:
·
|
$277
million received for repayment of a demand loan with an
affiliate;
|
·
|
the
retirement of $82 million of long-term debt;
|
·
|
$58
million of capital expenditures;
|
·
|
$23
million of cash used in operating activities; and
|
·
|
the
payment of $18 million of common stock dividends to
PPL.
|
Credit
Facilities
PPL
Electric currently does not expect to make any modifications in 2008, including
extending the expiration date, to its $200 million five-year credit facility
that expires in May 2012.
Rating Agency
Decisions
Moody's,
S&P and Fitch periodically review the credit ratings on the debt and
preferred securities of PPL Electric and PPL Transition Bond
Company. Based on their respective independent reviews, the rating
agencies may make certain ratings revisions or ratings
affirmations.
A credit
rating reflects an assessment by the rating agency of the creditworthiness
associated with an issuer and particular securities that it
issues. The credit ratings of PPL Electric and PPL Transition Bond
Company are based on information provided by PPL Electric and other
sources. The ratings of Moody's, S&P and Fitch are not a
recommendation to buy, sell or hold any securities of PPL Electric or PPL
Transition Bond Company. Such ratings may be subject to revisions or
withdrawal by the agencies at any time and should be evaluated independently of
each other and any other rating that may be assigned to the
securities. A downgrade in PPL Electric's or PPL Transition Bond
Company's credit ratings could result in higher borrowing costs and reduced
access to capital markets.
Moody's
and S&P did not take any actions related to PPL Electric or PPL Transition
Bond Company during the first quarter of 2008. In March 2008, Fitch
completed a review of its credit ratings for PPL Electric and affirmed all of
the ratings for PPL Electric, with the exception that it lowered the preferred
stock rating to BBB from BBB+. Fitch stated in the related press
release that the lower preferred stock rating reflects its junior position in
the capital structure and does not reflect any change in credit
quality.
For
additional information on PPL Electric's liquidity and capital resources, see
"Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations," in PPL Electric's 2007 Form 10-K.
Risk
Management
Market
Risk
Commodity
Price Risk - PLR Contracts through 2009
PPL
Electric and PPL EnergyPlus have power supply agreements under which PPL
EnergyPlus sells to PPL Electric (under a predetermined pricing arrangement)
energy and capacity to fulfill PPL Electric's PLR obligation through
2009. As a result, PPL Electric has shifted any electric price risk
relating to its PLR obligation to PPL EnergyPlus through 2009. See
Note 11 to the Financial Statements for information regarding credit risk
associated with the PLR contracts with PPL EnergyPlus.
Commodity
Price Risk - PLR Contracts Subsequent to 2009
In order
to mitigate the risk that PPL Electric will not be able to obtain adequate
energy supply subsequent to 2009, when the full requirements energy supply
agreements with PPL EnergyPlus expire, PPL Electric has entered into power
purchase agreements that include fixed prices. PPL Electric's future
financial performance will be affected by its ability to enter into other new
supply contracts, the duration and pricing of such contracts relative to
prevailing market conditions, and the regulatory treatment for such contracts
and the associated recovery of its supply costs. Depending on these
factors, PPL Electric's financial results may be materially adversely
affected. See "Results of Operations - Earnings - 2008 Outlook" for
information on the PUC-approved procurement plan and other ongoing Pennsylvania
regulatory and legislative activities.
Interest
Rate Risk
PPL
Electric has issued debt to finance its operations, which exposes it to interest
rate risk. At March 31, 2008, PPL Electric's potential annual
exposure to increased interest expense, based on a 10% increase in interest
rates, was not significant.
PPL
Electric is also exposed to changes in the fair value of its debt
portfolio. PPL Electric estimated that a 10% decrease in interest
rates at March 31, 2008, would increase the fair value of its debt portfolio by
$46 million.
Related
Party Transactions
PPL
Electric is not aware of any material ownership interests or operating
responsibility by senior management of PPL Electric in outside partnerships,
including leasing transactions with variable interest entities, or other
entities doing business with PPL Electric.
For
additional information on related party transactions, see Note 11 to the
Financial Statements.
Environmental
Matters
See Note
10 to the Financial Statements for a discussion of environmental
matters.
New Accounting
Standards
See Note
2 to the Financial Statements for a discussion of new accounting standards
adopted and Note 18 to the Financial Statements for a discussion of new
accounting standards pending adoption.
Application of Critical
Accounting Policies
PPL
Electric's financial condition and results of operations are impacted by the
methods, assumptions and estimates used in the application of critical
accounting policies. The following accounting policies are
particularly important to the financial condition or results of operations of
PPL Electric, and require estimates or other judgments of matters inherently
uncertain: defined benefits, loss accruals, income tax uncertainties and
regulation.
See "Item
7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations," in PPL Electric's 2007 Form 10-K for a discussion of each critical
accounting policy. PPL's senior management has reviewed these
critical accounting policies, and the estimates and assumptions regarding them,
with its Audit Committee. In addition, PPL's senior management
reviewed the Form 10-K disclosures regarding the application of these critical
accounting policies with the Audit Committee.
In 2006,
the FASB issued SFAS 157. Among other things, SFAS 157 provides a
definition of fair value as well as a framework for measuring fair
value. In February 2008, the FASB amended SFAS 157 through the
issuance of FSP FAS 157-1 and FSP FAS 157-2. FSP FAS 157-1 amends
SFAS 157 to exclude from its scope, certain accounting pronouncements that
address fair value measurements associated with leases. FSP FAS 157-2
delays the effective date of SFAS 157 to fiscal years beginning after November
15, 2008, for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities that are not
recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring
basis (at least annually).
As
permitted by this guidance, PPL Electric partially applied SFAS 157, as amended,
prospectively, effective January 1, 2008. In the current year, the
partial application of this standard will affect fair value measurement concepts
embedded in PPL Electric's critical accounting policy related to "Defined
Benefits." See Notes 2 and 13 to the Financial Statements for
additional information regarding SFAS 157, as amended.
PPL
CORPORATION
PPL
ENERGY SUPPLY, LLC
PPL
ELECTRIC UTILITIES CORPORATION
Item
3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market
Risk
Reference
is made to "Risk Management - Energy Marketing & Trading and Other" for PPL
and PPL Energy Supply and "Risk Management" for PPL Electric in Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations.
Item
4. Controls and Procedures
PPL
Corporation
|
|
|
|
(a)
|
|
Evaluation
of disclosure controls and procedures.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
registrant's principal executive officer and principal financial officer,
based on their evaluation of the registrant's disclosure controls and
procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934) have concluded that, as of March 31, 2008, the
registrant's disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure
that material information relating to the registrant and its consolidated
subsidiaries is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the
time periods specified by the SEC's rules and forms, particularly during
the period for which this quarterly report has been
prepared. The aforementioned principal officers have concluded
that the disclosure controls and procedures are also effective to ensure
that information required to be disclosed in reports filed under the
Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the
principal executive and principal financial officer, to allow for timely
decisions regarding required disclosure.
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
|
Change
in internal controls over financial reporting.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
registrant's principal executive officer and principal financial officer
have concluded that there were no changes in the registrant's internal
control over financial reporting during the registrant's first fiscal
quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to
materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial
reporting.
|
Item
4(T). Controls and Procedures
PPL
Energy Supply, LLC and PPL Electric Utilities
Corporation
|
|
|
|
(a)
|
|
Evaluation
of disclosure controls and procedures.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
registrants' principal executive officers and principal financial
officers, based on their evaluation of the registrants' disclosure
controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) have concluded that, as of March 31,
2008, the registrants' disclosure controls and procedures are effective to
ensure that material information relating to the registrants and their
consolidated subsidiaries is recorded, processed, summarized and reported
within the time periods specified by the SEC's rules and forms,
particularly during the period for which this quarterly report has been
prepared. The aforementioned principal officers have concluded
that the disclosure controls and procedures are also effective to ensure
that information required to be disclosed in reports filed under the
Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the
principal executive and principal financial officers, to allow for timely
decisions regarding required disclosure.
|
|
|
|
(b)
|
|
Change
in internal controls over financial reporting.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The
registrants' principal executive officers and principal financial officers
have concluded that there were no changes in the registrants' internal
control over financial reporting during the registrants' first fiscal
quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to
materially affect, the registrants' internal control over financial
reporting.
|
PART II. OTHER
INFORMATION
Item
1. Legal Proceedings
|
|
For
additional information regarding various pending administrative and
judicial proceedings involving regulatory, environmental and other
matters, which information is incorporated by reference into this Part II,
see:
|
|
|
|
·
|
|
"Item
3. Legal Proceedings" in PPL's, PPL Energy Supply's and PPL Electric's
2007 Form 10-K; and
|
|
|
|
·
|
|
Note
10 of the registrants' "Combined Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements" in Part I of this
report.
|
Item
1A. Risk Factors
|
|
There
have been no material changes in PPL's, PPL Energy Supply's and PPL
Electric's risk factors from those disclosed in "Item 1A. Risk Factors" of
the 2007 Form 10-K.
|
Item
2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of
Proceeds
Issuer Purchases of Equity
Securities:
|
(a)
|
(b)
|
(c)
|
(d)
|
Period
|
Total
Number of
Shares
(or Units)
Purchased
(1)
|
Average
Price Paid
per
Share
(or
Unit)
|
Total
Number of
Shares
(or Units)
Purchased
as Part of
Publicly
Announced
Plans
or Programs (2)
|
Maximum
Number (or
Approximate
Dollar Value) of Shares (or Units) that May Yet Be Purchased Under the
Plans or Programs (2)
|
January
1 to January 31, 2008
|
21,305
|
$46.59
|
0
|
$38,301,209
|
February
1 to
February 29, 2008
|
802,816
|
$47.64
|
802,816
|
$57,495
|
March
1 to March 31, 2008
|
293
|
$45.95
|
0
|
$57,495
|
Total
|
824,414
|
$47.61
|
802,816
|
$57,495
|
(1)
|
|
Represents
shares of common stock repurchased under the stock purchase program
announced by PPL in June 2007 and shares withheld by PPL at the request of
its executive officers to pay taxes upon the vesting of the officers'
restricted stock awards, as permitted under the terms of PPL's Incentive
Compensation Plan and Incentive Compensation Plan for Key
Employees.
|
(2)
|
|
In
June 2007, PPL announced a program to repurchase from time to time up to
$750 million of its common stock in open market purchases, pre-arranged
trading plans or privately negotiated
transactions.
|
Item
6. Exhibits
|
|
|
|
|
-
|
Seventh
Amendment, dated as of March 1, 2008, to Reimbursement Agreement, dated as
of March 31, 2005, among PPL Energy Supply, LLC, The Bank of Nova Scotia,
as Issuer and Administrative Agent, and the Lenders party thereto from
time to time
|
|
-
|
PPL
Corporation and Subsidiaries Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Combined
Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends
|
|
-
|
PPL
Energy Supply, LLC and Subsidiaries Computation of Ratio of Earnings to
Fixed Charges
|
|
-
|
PPL
Electric Utilities Corporation and Subsidiaries Computation of Ratio of
Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock
Dividends
|
|
|
|
Certifications
pursuant to Section 302 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2008,
filed by the following officers for the following
companies:
|
|
|
|
|
-
|
James
H. Miller for PPL Corporation
|
|
-
|
Paul
A. Farr for PPL Corporation
|
|
-
|
James
H. Miller for PPL Energy Supply, LLC
|
|
-
|
Paul
A. Farr for PPL Energy Supply, LLC
|
|
-
|
David
G. DeCampli for PPL Electric Utilities Corporation
|
|
-
|
J.
Matt Simmons, Jr. for PPL Electric Utilities
Corporation
|
Certifications
pursuant to Section 906 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2008,
furnished by the following officers for the following
companies:
|
|
|
|
|
-
|
James
H. Miller for PPL Corporation
|
|
-
|
Paul
A. Farr for PPL Corporation
|
|
-
|
James
H. Miller for PPL Energy Supply, LLC
|
|
-
|
Paul
A. Farr for PPL Energy Supply, LLC
|
|
-
|
David
G. DeCampli for PPL Electric Utilities Corporation
|
|
-
|
J.
Matt Simmons, Jr. for PPL Electric Utilities
Corporation
|
SIGNATURES
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrants have
duly caused this report to be signed on their behalf by the undersigned
thereunto duly authorized. The signature for each undersigned company
shall be deemed to relate only to matters having reference to such company or
its subsidiaries.
|
PPL
Corporation
|
|
(Registrant)
|
|
|
|
|
|
PPL Energy Supply,
LLC
|
|
(Registrant)
|
|
|
|
|
|
PPL Electric Utilities
Corporation
|
|
(Registrant)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Date: May
2, 2008
|
/s/ J.
Matt Simmons, Jr.
|
|
|
J.
Matt Simmons, Jr.
|
|
|
Vice
President and Controller
|
|
|
(Principal
Accounting Officer)
|
|
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