Bobby J. Hutton
Certified Public Accountant
4824 Courtside Drive
Fort Worth, TX 76133
NOTE A - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND ORGANIZATION: Signal Advance, Inc. (the Company)is
currently conducting operations. Signal Advance, Inc., incorporated in Texas
on June 4, 1992, is an engineering product and procedure development and
consulting firm focused on the development of applications for emerging
technologies. The Company has significant experience in computer technology,
distributed information systems, and data acquisition and analysis systems,
medical education, intellectual property protection and medical-legal liti-
gation support. The Company has focused its resources on the improvement of
signal detection systems through the development and refinement of its
proprietary "Signal Advance" technology which has potential application in
a wide range of medical applications, as well as applications outside of
biomedicine.
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS: The Company considers all highly liquid
investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less
to be cash equivalents.
IMPAIRMENT: The Company anticipates amortizing intangible assets over their
estimated useful lives unless such lives are deemed indefinite. Amortized
intangible assets are tested for impairment based on undiscounted cash flows,
and, if impaired, written down to fair value based on either discounted cash
flows or appraised values. Intangible assets with indefinite lives are tested
annually for impairment and written down to fair value as required. No
impairment of intangible assets has been identified during any of the periods
presented.
USE OF ESTIMATES IN FINANCIAL STATEMENT PREPARATION: The preparation of the
financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America requires the use of estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the
reporting period. The Company's financial statements include amounts and all
adjustments that, in the opinion of management and based on management's best
estimates and judgments, are necessary to make the financial statement not
misleading. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
AVAILABLE FOR SALE SECURITIES: The Company holds certain investments that
are treated as available-for-sale securities and stated at their fair market
values. All investments are available for current operations and are
classified as other assets in the balance sheet. Unrealized holding gains
and losses are included as a component of other comprehensive income (loss)
until realized. Realized gains and losses are determined by the specific
identification method and are included in 'Other Income (Loss)' in the
income statement.
Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of the Financial Statements F 6
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RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT: Research and development costs are expensed as
incurred until technological feasibility can be determined. Upfront and
milestone payments made to third parties in connection with research and
development collaborations are expensed as incurred up to the point of
regulatory approval, marketability, licensing, lease, or sale when the net
present value and useful life is able to be determined. Payments made to
third parties subsequent to the aforementioned events will be capitalized.
Amounts capitalized for such payments will be included in other intangibles,
less the net of the accumulated amortization, once their useful lives can be
determined.
REVENUE RECOGNITION: The Company revenues are generated by: 1) Providing
consulting services; 2) Licensing intellectual property; and 3) Providing
consulting services to licensees to facilitate implementation. Revenue is
not recognized until it is realized or realizable and earned. In accordance
with ASC 605, 'Revenue Recognition,' the company recognizes as revenue the
fees charged clients as referenced below because 1) persuasive evidence of
an arrangement exists, 2) the fees charged as royalties and/or for services
are substantially fixed or determinable during the period in which services
are provided or royalties are collected, 3) the company and its clients
understand the specific nature and terms of the agreed upon transactions,
and 4) collectability is reasonably assured after services have been
rendered, or according to a royalty payment schedule.
Consulting Revenue - For revenues generated by providing engineering,
scientific and medical/legal consulting services. Services are charged at an
hourly rate and clients are charged and revenue is recognized monthly.
License Revenue - As part of the Company's business model and as a result of
the company's on-going investment in research and development, the company
plans to license and sell the rights to certain of its intellectual property
(IP) including internally developed patents, trade secrets and technological
know-how. The typical license will call for a non-refundable initiation fee,
escalating minimum royalties to be paid before a given product is marketed,
and continuing royalties based on gross sales once marketing has begun,
confirmed by annual audits. The license will also include a set amount of
consulting support. Licensees will also be required to participate in patent
maintenance and defense.
Certain transfers of IP to third parties may be licensing/royalty-based,
transaction-based, or other forms of transfer. Licensing/royalty-based fees
involve transfers in which the company earns the income over time, as a lump-
sum payment or the amount of income is not fixed or determinable until the
licensee sells future related products (i.e., variable royalty, based upon
licensee's revenue). Accordingly, following delivery and or legal conveyance
of rights to the aforementioned IP to the client, and following inception of
the license term, revenue is recognized in a manner consistent with the
nature of the transaction and the earnings process.
Combined License/Consulting Revenue - in certain circumstances the license
agreement will also include consulting services to facilitate the use of the
Company's IP, in which case the arrangement may include multiple deliver-
ables. If the client is dependent on the consulting services of the Company
to bring value to the license then the license and consulting services will
be considered a single unit of accounting. If, however, the license has value
Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of the Financial Statements F 7
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to the client, independent of the consulting services provided by the
Company, then each deliverable has value on a standalone basis. As such each
delivered item or items shall be considered a separate unit of accounting.
Alternatively, license terms may contain a citation of milestones of
achievement by the licensee. Each milestone may be tied to an increase in the
minimum royalty. For example, biomedical milestones may include completion of
animal trials, submission and then approval of 510K applications or pre-
market approval by the FDA. Each licensee pursuing a biomedical application
will be expected to develop its own clinical data to secure such pre-market
notification (510k) or approval. Under these circumstances, the deliverable,
or unit of accounting, consideration may be contingent on the substantive
achievement of one or more milestones. As such, revenue is recognized in its
entirety in the period in which the milestone is achieved.
During the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, the Company
recognized $2,350, $10,313, and $80,000, respectively, in revenue.
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT: Fixed Assets (land, buildings and equipment)
are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is based on
the estimated service lives of depreciable assets and is provided using the
Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACRS) method. In the case of
disposals, assets and related depreciation are removed from the accounts,
and the net amounts, less proceeds from disposal, are included in income.
INCOME TAXES: The Company takes an asset and liability approach to financial
accounting and reporting for income taxes. The difference between the
financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities is determined
annually. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for those
differences that have future tax consequences using the currently enacted tax
laws and rates that apply to the periods in which they are expected to affect
taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, if necessary, to reduce
the deferred tax asset to the amount that will assure full realization. As of
December 31, 2012, the Company recorded a valuation allowance that reduced
its deferred tax assets to zero.
CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT RISK: Financial instruments which potentially
subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist
primarily of investment securities. Investment securities are exposed to
various risks, such as interest rate, market and credit risks. Due to the
level of risk associated with certain investment securities, it is reasonably
possible that changes in the values of investment securities can occur in the
near term and that each change could materially affect the amounts reported
in the financial statement.
GOING CONCERN: The Company is currently conducting operations. However, it
has not yet generated sufficient operating revenue to fund its development
activities to date. As such, the Company has have relied on funding by the
Company's President and the sale of its common stock. There is a substantial
doubt that the Company will generate sufficient revenues in future years to
meet its operating cash requirements. Accordingly, the Company's ability to
continue operations in the short-term depends on its success in obtaining
equity or debt financing in an amount sufficient to support its operations.
This could raise doubt as to its ability to continue as a going concern.
The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result
from this uncertainty.
Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of the Financial Statements F 8
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NOTE B - INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
Intellectual property protection is being pursued for the specifically
identifiable intellectual property (IP) termed Signal Advance technology. The
following table lists the patent applications and issued patents and their
respective status:
Patent Office Patent/Application No. Status
------------------ ---------------------- ------------------
United States 8452544 Issued May 2013
China ZL 200880015288.2 Issued Nov. 2012
Europe EP 08 75 4879.8 Under examination
Mexico MX/A/2009/00921 Under examination
India 3465/KOLNP/2009 Not yet examined
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Additional patent submissions related to specific applications, SA circuit
configurations, and signal processing techniques are in preparation.
The IP derives from an assignment of the IP in the form of a patent application
filed with the USPTO as well as any patents which issue as a result of U.S. and
related international patent applications.
As ASSIGNEE, the Company is responsible for:
1) Funding and executing activities required for any regulatory approval,
development, implementation and commercialization;
2) Introducing assigned products which incorporate the patent pending or
patented technology to the commercial market;
3) Make its best efforts to:
a) Develop and market assigned products and services, and
b) Increase and extend the commercialization of assigned products, and
4) Commence the advertising and marketing assigned products not later than 24
months following the granting of the patent
The assignment was privately negotiated between the Company's President, Dr.
Hymel (Assignor) and the remaining members of the board of directors for the
Company (Assignee). Consideration to acquire the IP rights, in the form of
equity (specifically 1,525,000 shares of SAI common stock, to date) was
expensed as the assignment is considered a transaction between entities under
common control. The value of the common stock issued in exchange for the equity
was based on the most recent private sales of stock. In addition, royalties are
payable to Assignor on net sales and/or license fees as follows: a) <$10M: 6%;
b) $10-$25M: 8%, and c)>$25M: 10%. Assignor's remedy for non-payment is the
termination of the assignment.
Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of the Financial Statements F 9
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The costs incurred in acquiring the assignment of the Signal Advance IP as well
as the pursuit of domestic and international patent and trademark protection are
expensed (included as "Intellectual Property" under expenses on the Statements
of Income and Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)) for the years ended
December 31, 2013, 2011 and 2011. These costs include expenses to prepare and
prosecute patent applications and protect the IP, include filing, issuance and
renewal fees, expenses for consultants, experts, advisors, patent attorneys,
including foreign associates, patent applications, claims and other amendments,
responses to office actions, etc. Any patent infringement case may hinder the
Company's ability to generate revenues.
NOTE C - AVAILABLE FOR SALE SECURITIES
Cost and fair value of available for sale securities (acquired Jan. 10, 2011)
as of December 31, 2013 are as follows:
Cost Gross Gain(Loss) Fair Value
---------- ---------- ----------
Equity Securities Available for Sale: 25,000 (24,487) 13
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NOTE D - EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment as of December 31, 2013 and 2012 are summarized as
follows:
2013 2012 2011
---------- ---------- ----------
Fixed Assets (Cost/Basis) 125,807 123,783 122,772
Less: Accumulated Depreciation (121,884) (119,117) (113,885)
---------- ---------- ----------
Net Book Value $ 3,924 $ 4,607 $ 8,887
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Depreciation expense in the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011,
were $2,707, $5,292 and $8051, respectively.
NOTE E - INCOME TAXES
Operating Loss Carry-Forwards: As of December 31, 2013, the Company has a
net operating tax loss carry-forward of $1,201,149. Other loss carry-forwards
from previous periods may be offset against future federal income taxes. If
not used, loss carry-forwards will expire as indicated in the following
table:
Year Operating Losses Year Operating Losses
---- ---------------- ---- ----------------
2022 108,119 2028 1,443,756
2023 104,123 2029 306,926
2024 114,901 2030 32,146
2025 52,988 2031 160,674
2026 218,176 2032 179,372
2027 256,471 2033 1,201,149
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Deferred Tax Asset: A valuation allowance was not recognized for the full
amount of the deferred tax asset because, based on the weight of available
evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or the entire deferred
tax asset will not be realized.
Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of the Financial Statements F 10
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Tax Depreciation: The Company uses the Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery
System (MACRS) for depreciation of property for tax purposes.
Note F - SHORT TERM LOAN
The President has loaned funds to the Company under the terms of a Line of
Credit Promissory Note negotiated with, and approved by, the Board of
Directors.
NOTE G - TRADE PAYABLE
The President of the Company has provided on-going services in exchange for
equity reflected by the trade payable. The terms of the conversion of the
debt to equity in was negotiated with, and approved by, the Board of
Directors.
NOTE H - FACILITIES LEASE
The Company currently leases office space, from its president, on a month to
month basis at a rate of $700 per month. The following is a schedule of
future minimum payments for 4 years under the above operating lease as of
the year ended December 2013.
Year Amount
2014 $ 8,400
2015 8,400
2016 8,400
2017 8,400
Four Year Total: $33,600
Rental expense amounted to $8,400 for the years ended December 30, 2013, 2012
and 2011.
Note J - REVERSE STOCK SPLIT
In July, 2011 (following approval by the Shareholders in May, 2011) the
Board of Directors voted to affect a four for one (4/1) reverse split of
its common shares and a 'Resolution Relating to a Series of Shares' was
submitted to the Texas Secretary of State, pursuant to The Texas Business
Organizations Code, Section 21.115. The reverse split became effective on
September 1, 2011. Fractional shares were rounded up to whole shares. Prior
to the reverse split, the common stock shares issued and outstanding totaled
32,603,325. As of December 31, 2011, following the four for one (4/1) reverse
split, 8,111,409 shares of common stock were issued and outstanding.
Accompanying Notes are an Integral Part of the Financial Statements F 11
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SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION
Signal Advance, Inc.
Schedules of General, Selling and Administrative Expenses
Years Ended December 31, 2013, 2012, 2011
2013 2012 2011
-------- -------- --------
Automobile Expense 3,411 2,066 87
Bank Service Charges 123 112 94
Dues and Subscriptions 45 37 100
Education/Training 0 7 2,969
Employee Benefits 4,078 4,683 2,661
Fees/Licenses 1,168 0 351
Insurance 722 422 0
Interest Expense 8,901 2,704 3,942
Maintenance and Repairs 824 872 759
Marketing/Advertising 500 650 650
Meals/Entertainment 1,007 389 281
Office Supplies 505 266 120
Postage and Delivery 143 192 249
Rent 8,400 8,400 8,400
Taxes 50 100 0
Telephone 1,520 1,755 3,995
Travel 10,319 5,361 6,701
Utilities 2,560 2,222 2,676
======== ======== ========
Total Expense 44,274 30,239 34,034
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See Accompanying Notes and Accountant's Report F 12
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