We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of FullNet Communications, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical audit matters are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. We determined that there are no critical audit matters.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
December 31, 2020 and 2019
NOTE A — SUMMARY OF ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS
A summary of the significant accounting policies consistently applied in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements follows.
Nature of Operations
FullNet Communications, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the Company) is an integrated communications provider primarily focused on providing mass notification services using text messages and automated telephone calls, equipment colocation and related services, and customized live help desk outsourcing services to individuals, businesses, organizations, educational institutions and governmental agencies. Through its subsidiaries, FullNet, Inc., FullTel, Inc., FullWeb, Inc. and CallMultiplier, Inc., the Company provides high quality, reliable and scalable Internet based advanced voice and data solutions designed to meet customer needs. Services offered include:
·Mass notification services using text messages and automated telephone calls;
·Carrier-neutral equipment colocation, web hosting and related services; and
·Customized live help desk outsourcing services.
Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of FullNet Communications, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries FullNet, Inc., FullTel, Inc., FullWeb, Inc., and CallMultiplier, Inc. All material inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts and disclosures; accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents are represented by operating accounts or money market accounts maintained with insured financial institutions which consist of highly liquid investments that mature in three months or less from date of purchase.
The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts. The Company does not believe there is significant credit risk related to its cash and cash equivalents.
Accounts Receivable
The Company operates and grants credit, on an uncollateralized basis. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable are limited due to the large number of customers comprising the Company’s customer base and their dispersion across different industries as well as the Company’s emphasis on obtaining deposits and/or payment in advance for services from the majority of its customers. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company had two customers that comprised approximately 12% and 4% of total revenues, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company had two customers that each comprised approximately 14% and 5% of total revenues, respectively.
31
Accounts receivable, other than certain large customer accounts which are evaluated individually, are considered past due for purposes of determining the allowance for doubtful accounts based on past experience of collectability as follows:
|
|
|
|
1 – 29 days
|
|
|
1.5 %
|
30 – 59 days
|
|
|
30 %
|
60 – 89 days
|
|
|
50 %
|
> 90 days
|
|
|
100 %
|
In addition, if the Company becomes aware of a specific customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations, a specific reserve is recorded against amounts due to reduce the net recognized receivable to the amount reasonably expected to be collected. Total bad debt expense and direct write-off for the year ended December 31, 2020 was $1,278. Total bad debt recovery for the year ended December 31, 2019 was $1,521.
Accounts receivable consist of the following at December 31:
Schedule of Accounts Receivable
|
|
|
2020
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts receivable
|
|
$237,698
|
|
|
$206,612
|
|
Less allowance for doubtful accounts
|
|
(206,947)
|
|
|
(205,669)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$30,751
|
|
|
$943
|
|
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed primarily using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets as follows:
|
|
|
Software
|
|
3 years
|
Computers and equipment
|
|
5 years
|
Furniture and fixtures
|
|
7 years
|
Leasehold improvements
|
|
Shorter of estimated life of improvement or the lease term
|
Property and equipment consist of the following at December 31:
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
Computers and equipment
|
|
$307,023
|
|
$1,478,344
|
Leasehold improvements
|
|
1,067,934
|
|
1,088,934
|
Software
|
|
-
|
|
153,767
|
Furniture and fixtures
|
|
33,929
|
|
41,084
|
|
|
1,408,886
|
|
2,762,129
|
Less accumulated depreciation
|
|
(1,345,919)
|
|
(2,704,378)
|
|
|
$62,967
|
|
$57,751
|
Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, was $8,969 and $8,058, respectively.
Long-Lived Assets
All long-lived assets held and used by the Company, including intangible assets, are reviewed to determine whether any events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. In accordance with ASC 360-10-35 “Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets”, the Company bases its evaluation on such impairment indicators as the nature of the assets, the future economic benefit of the assets, any historical or future profitability measurements, as well as other external market conditions or factors that may be present. If such impairment indicators are present or other factors exist that indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable the Company determines whether impairment has occurred through the use of an undiscounted cash flows analysis of the asset. If impairment has occurred, the Company recognizes a loss for the difference between the carrying amount and the estimated value of the asset. No
32
intangible assets were purchased in 2020 and 2019. The Company incurred no impairment expense in 2020 or 2019. Amortization expense of intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, was zero and $7,730, respectively.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized when control of the services sold by the Company is transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those services Revenue that is received in advance of the services provided is deferred until the services are provided by the Company. Revenue related to set up charges is also deferred and amortized over the life of the contract. Revenues are presented net of taxes and fees billed to customers and remitted to governmental authorities.
The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps:
·Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer;
·Identification of the performance obligations in the contract;
·Determination of the transaction price;
·Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and
·Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation.
The Company’s revenue is derived from fees earned from customers utilizing the Company’s services. The Company has four streams of revenue as shown in the following table:
Revenue Description
|
For Year Ended December 31, 2020
|
% of Total Revenue
|
For Year Ended December 31, 2019
|
% of Total Revenue
|
Mass notification services using text messages and automated telephone calls
|
$2,598,840
|
74%
|
$1,553,391
|
64%
|
Colocation and web hosting services
|
455,795
|
13%
|
507,973
|
21%
|
Live help desk support services
|
423,312
|
12%
|
333,805
|
14%
|
Internet access service
|
24,552
|
1%
|
25,755
|
1%
|
Total revenue
|
$3,502,499
|
100%
|
$2,420,924
|
100%
|
Revenue from the Company’s mass notification service and its access service is recognized as the services are provided pursuant to unwritten contracts created when the Company’s customers create an account on the Company’s website agreeing to be bound by the Company’s published Terms of Service when they purchase the Company’s service.
Revenue from the Company’s colocation and web hosting services, its live help desk support services, and its internet access services is recognized as the services are provided pursuant to written contracts executed by the Company and its customers.
Each of the Company’s services represents a single performance obligation consisting of a distinct service. All of the Company’s revenues are recognized as the services are provided over the life of the contract. Revenue that is received in advance of the services provided is deferred until the services are provided.
None of the Company’s services have a transaction price which includes variable consideration, a significant financing component, any noncash consideration or consideration payable to a customer. The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for the service transferred to each customer.
Each of the Company’s services represents a single performance obligation and the “stand-alone selling price” is the same as the contract selling price.
All of the Company’s services are sold pursuant to written and unwritten contracts which require payment in advance for the services.
33
Advertising
The Company expenses advertising production costs as they are incurred and advertising communication costs the first time the advertisement takes place. Advertising expense for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, was $635,515 and $343,497, respectively.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes utilizing the liability method, where deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial and income tax reporting purposes, using enacted statutory tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effects of future changes in tax laws or rates are not included in the measurement. The Company recognizes the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and recognizes deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of events and transactions that have been recognized in the Company’s financial statements or tax returns.
On a regular basis, the Company evaluates all available evidence, both positive and negative, regarding the ultimate realization of the tax benefits of its deferred tax assets and a valuation allowance is established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and local jurisdictions.
Income (Loss) Per Share
Income (loss) per share – basic is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of stock outstanding during the year, including shares issuable without additional consideration. Income per share – assuming dilution is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year adjusted for the effect of dilutive potential shares from options and warrants calculated using the treasury stock method and the if-converted method for preferred stock.
Reconciliation of basic and diluted income (loss) per share (“EPS”) are as follows:
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
Net income:
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
$1,072,486
|
|
$317,290
|
Preferred stock dividends
|
(59,771)
|
|
(81,731)
|
Net income available to common shareholders
|
1,012,715
|
|
235,559
|
|
|
|
|
Basic income per share:
|
|
|
|
Weighted-average common shares outstanding used in income per share computations
|
14,913,351
|
|
14,275,957
|
Basic income per share
|
0.07
|
|
0.02
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted income per share:
|
|
|
|
Shares used in diluted income per share computations
|
17,533,766
|
|
16,780,235
|
Diluted income per share
|
0.06
|
|
0.01
|
|
|
|
|
Computation of shares used in income per share:
|
|
|
|
Weighted average shares and share equivalents outstanding - basic
|
14,913,351
|
|
14,275,957
|
Effect of preferred stock
|
-
|
|
875,054
|
Effect of dilutive stock options
|
2,351,621
|
|
1,365,462
|
Effect of dilutive warrants
|
268,794
|
|
263,762
|
Weighted average shares and share equivalents outstanding – assuming dilution
|
17,533,766
|
|
16,780,235
|
Schedule of Anti-dilutive Securities Excluded:
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
34
Convertible preferred stock
|
|
568,257
|
|
-
|
Total anti-dilutive securities excluded
|
|
568,257
|
|
-
|
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company does not have a written employee stock option plan. The Company has historically generally granted employee stock options with an exercise price equal to the market price of the Company’s stock at the date of grant, a contractual term of ten years, and a vesting period of three years ratably on the first, second and third anniversaries of the date of grant (with limited exceptions).
All employee stock options granted during 2020 and 2019 were nonqualified stock options. Stock-based compensation is measured at the grant date, based on the calculated fair value of the option, and is recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite employee service period (generally the vesting period of the grant).
The fair values of the granted options are estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. See Note E – Common Stock and Stock-Based Compensation for further information on stock-based compensation.
Beneficial Conversion Features
The intrinsic value of a beneficial conversion feature inherent to a convertible note payable, which is not bifurcated and accounted for separately from the convertible note payable and may not be settled in cash upon conversion, is treated as a discount to the convertible note payable. This discount is amortized over the period from the date of issuance to the date the note is due using the effective interest method. If the note payable is retired prior to the end of its contractual term, the unamortized discount is expensed in the period of retirement to interest expense. In general, the beneficial conversion feature is measured by comparing the effective conversion price, after considering the relative fair value of detachable instruments included in the financing transaction, if any, to the fair value of the common shares at the commitment date to be received upon conversion.
Related Parties
A party is considered to be related to the Company if the party directly or indirectly or through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the Company. Related parties also include principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of the Company and its management and other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. A party which can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the transacting parties or if it has an ownership interest in one of the transacting parties and can significantly influence the other to an extent that one or more of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests is also a related party.
At December 31, 2020, the Company had no related party accounts payable to officers and directors for unpaid expense reimbursements. Additionally, the Company had no related party accounts payable to officers and directors for unpaid expense reimbursements as of December 31, 2019.
Fair Value Measurements
The Company measures its financial assets and liabilities in accordance with the requirements of FASB ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”. ASC 820 clarifies the definition of fair value, prescribes methods for measuring fair value, and establishes a fair value hierarchy to classify the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:
Level 1 – Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Active markets are those in which transactions for the asset or liability occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis. Level 1 primarily consists of financial instruments such as exchange-traded derivatives, marketable securities and listed equities.
35
Level 2 – Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets included in level 1, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reported date and includes those financial instruments that are valued using models or other valuation methodologies. These models are primarily industry-standard models that consider various assumptions, including quoted forward prices for commodities, time value, volatility factors, and current market and contractual prices for the underlying instruments, as well as other relevant economic measures. Substantially all of these assumptions are observable in the marketplace throughout the full term of the instrument, can be derived from observable data or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace. Instruments in this category generally include non-exchange-traded derivatives such as commodity swaps, interest rate swaps, options and collars.
Level 3 – Pricing inputs include significant inputs that are generally less observable from objective sources. These inputs may be used with internally developed methodologies that result in management’s best estimate of fair value.
The recorded value of other financial assets and liabilities, which consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, other current assets, and accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate the fair value of the respective assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, are based upon the short-term nature of the assets and liabilities.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13 (as amended through June 2020), “Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments”. ASU No. 2016-13 introduced a new forward-looking approach, based on expected losses, to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables, contract assets and held-to-maturity debt securities. For public business entities that are U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filers excluding smaller reporting companies, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. For all other public business entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. On October 16, 2019 FASB voted to delay implementation of ASU No. 2016-13, "Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326) -Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” For all other entities, the amendments are now effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. Early adoption is permitted for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company chose early adoption of this guidance effective January 1, 2020. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of these amendments to the Company’s financial position and results of operations and currently expect no material impact of the adoption of the amendments on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, "Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes", which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles for income taxes. This guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements.
36
NOTE B — MANAGEMENT’S PLANS
On August 27, 2014, FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s ability to Continue as a Going Concern, which requires management to assess a company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year from financial statement issuance and to provide related footnote disclosures in certain circumstances.
The Company has historically experienced significant operating losses with cumulative losses from inception of approximately $8.9 million. These losses have resulted in a negative working capital position of approximately $39,000 at December 31, 2020, of which approximately $258,000 of the Company’s current liabilities is owed to its officers and directors, and approximately $777,000 of the Company’s current liabilities is deferred revenue. The Company’s officers and directors, who are also major shareholders, have informally agreed to not seek payment of any of the amounts owed to them if such payment would jeopardize the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The deferred revenue represents advance payments for services from the Company’s customers which will be satisfied by its delivery of services in the normal course of business and will not require settlement in cash.
The Company started a number of initiatives in 2017 which included revenue enhancement initiatives, cost saving initiatives, the sale of excess assets and an orderly exit from the CLEC business. The Company was successful with its revenue enhancement and cost saving initiatives and in selling certain excess assets in the third quarter of 2018 and the first quarter of 2019, as well as effecting an orderly exit from the CLEC business through the sale of substantially all of its wholly owned subsidiary’s CLEC operating assets.
As a result of these initiatives, the Company generated positive cash flow from its operating activities of approximately $988,000 and $426,000 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. In addition, the Company was able to generate net income of approximately $1,072,000 for the year ended December 31, 2020, compared to a net income of approximately $317,000 for the year ended December 31, 2019.
Management expects that the success of these initiatives will provide the Company with sufficient liquidity for it to operate for the next 12 months.
As a result of the revenue enhancement initiatives, the cost saving initiatives, the excess asset sales and the successful exit from the CLEC business, the Company has been able to significantly improve its working capital position and alleviate any substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern as defined by ASU 2014-05. We believe that the actions discussed above mitigate the substantial doubt raised by our prior operating losses and satisfy our estimated liquidity needs 12 months from the issuance of the financial statements. However, we cannot predict, with certainty, the outcome of our actions to generate additional liquidity, including the availability of additional debt financing, or whether such actions would generate the expected liquidity as currently planned. Additionally, a failure to generate additional liquidity could negatively impact our ability to effectively execute our business plan.
NOTE C – COMMITMENTS
Operating Leases
Under the new lease guidance (Topic 842), the Company recorded a ROU Lease Asset and associated Lease Liability for the Original Lease which as of December 31, 2019, had balances of $930,588 and $946,895, respectively. In recording the initial ROU Lease Asset and associated Lease Liability, the Company assumed that it would extend the lease for an additional five-year term at a rate per square foot which increased annually during the term. This lease was for 13,046 square feet at $17.00 per square foot and the Company assumed that the square footage would remain the same and the rate would increase by $.50 per square foot per year during the 5-year renewal period for purposes of calculating the ROU Lease Asset and associated Lease Liability.
The Company leased its offices and data center in the BOK Plaza Building on a lease originally executed on December 2, 1999 and expiring on December 31, 2019, with all additional options to renew having been previously exercised (the “Original Lease”). The Company subsequently negotiated and executed two new leases on November 22, 2019, covering the Company’s offices and data center which are effective January 1, 2020. One lease is an addendum to the Original Lease and covers only the office space (the “FN Lease”) and
37
the other lease covers the Company’s data center and is with FullWeb, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (the “FW Lease”).
The combined square footage for the FN & FW Leases is 8,699 square feet, a reduction from the Original lease of 4,347 square feet or approximately 33%. This reduction occurred in the office space with the data center space remaining the same. In addition, both leases are at the rate of $17.50 per square foot for 5 years and both contain two 5-year options to renew at the then fair market rate per square foot. Of note, the FW Lease contains the right for the Company to opt-out of the FW Lease without penalty at each annual anniversary.
The Company considers the execution of the two new leases to be a lease modification and has re-evaluated the effect of the lease modification on the Company’s conclusions under ASC 842 and determined that the leases should still be classified as operating leases.
Pursuant to and upon execution of the FN Lease, the landlord transferred back to the Company 114,792 shares of the Company’s preferred stock which had been previously issued to the landlord in 2013, in satisfaction of $114,792 in unpaid rental payments which were then outstanding. The $78,203 value of these shares was recorded to Additional Paid-in Capital.
As a result of the lease modification and the associated remeasurement of the lease liability, the Company used the same incremental borrowing rate of 8.5% as it used for the original lease calculations based on the fact that the nature of the underlying asset and the Company’s financial condition had not materially changed since the original lease calculation.
The partial termination of the Original Lease resulted in a reduction of the Company’s ROU Asset and associated Lease Liability by approximately 33% consistent with the reduction in square footage the Company is now leasing. The impact was to reduce the Lease Liability by $328,562 from $946,895 to $618,333 and to reduce the ROU Asset by the same percentage resulting in a $312,255 reduction from $930,588 to $618,333. As a result of the partial termination the Company recognized a gain of $16,307 during the year ended December 31, 2019.
Amortization of the ROU Asset and payments of the associated Lease Liability for the year ended December 31, 2020 were $103,651 and $103,651, respectively, leaving a year-end December 31, 2020 balance of $514,682 for both the ROU Asset and the associated Lease Liability.
Future minimum lease payments required at December 31, 2020, under non-cancelable operating leases that have initial lease terms exceeding one year are presented in the following table:
Year ending December 31
|
|
|
2021
|
|
$152,232
|
2022
|
|
152,232
|
2023
|
|
152,232
|
2024
|
|
152,234
|
Total
|
|
608,930
|
Present value of discount
|
|
(94,248)
|
Current portion lease liability
|
|
(112,812)
|
Long-term lease liability
|
|
$401,870
|
Rental expense for all operating leases for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, was approximately $152,232 and $237,014, respectively.
NOTE D — INCOME TAXES
The Company uses the liability method, where deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial and income tax reporting purposes.
The Company’s deferred tax assets relate primarily to net operating loss carryforwards for income tax purposes at December 31, 2020, totaling approximately $1,318,000 which will begin to expire in 2023. On a regular
38
basis, management evaluates all available evidence, both positive and negative, regarding the ultimate realization of the tax benefits of its deferred tax assets. Based upon the historical trend of increasing earnings management concluded that it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will be realized from the Company’s deferred tax assets and therefore eliminated the previously recorded valuation allowance for its deferred tax assets. Elimination of the valuation allowance resulted in a deferred tax asset at December 31, 2020, of approximately $339,000 and a corresponding tax benefit for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020. For 2019, the net operating loss carry-forward was $433,487, and the valuation allowance was $433,487.
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("TCJA") was signed by the President of the United States and enacted into law on December 22, 2017. The TCJA significantly changes U.S. tax law by reducing the U.S. corporate income tax rate to 21.0% from 35.0%, adopting a territorial tax regime, creating new taxes on certain foreign sourced earnings and imposing a one-time transition tax on the undistributed earnings of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries.
NOTE E — COMMON STOCK AND STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
COMMON STOCK
On December 2, 2020, certain officers and directors and their family members exercised options to purchase 1,359,372 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock by reducing deferred compensation payable to officers and directors of $18,687. On May 17, 2019, certain employees, officers and directors and their family members exercised options to purchase 518,666 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock for cash proceeds of $116 and the reduction of deferred compensation payable to officers and directors of $1,440.
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
The Company does not have a written employee stock option plan. The Company has historically generally granted employee stock options with an exercise price equal to the market price of the Company’s stock at the date of grant, a contractual term of ten years, and a vesting period of three years ratably on the first, second and third anniversaries of the date of grant (with limited exceptions).
All employee stock options granted during 2020 and 2019 were nonqualified stock options. Stock-based compensation is measured at the grant date, based on the calculated fair value of the option, and is recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite employee service period (generally the vesting period of the grant).
The following table summarizes the Company’s employee stock option activity for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:
Schedule of Employee Stock Option Activity
|
|
|
Options
|
|
Weighted
average
exercise price
|
|
Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
life (years)
|
|
Aggregate
intrinsic
value
|
Options outstanding, December 31, 2018
|
2,370,834
|
|
$ 0.010
|
|
7.45
|
|
|
Options exercisable, December 31, 2018
|
1,126,167
|
|
$ 0.005
|
|
6.39
|
|
$ 34,623
|
Options granted during the year
|
483,000
|
|
0.003
|
|
|
|
|
Options exercised during the year
|
(518,666)
|
|
0.003
|
|
|
|
|
Options expired during the year
|
(16,333)
|
|
0.005
|
|
|
|
|
Options outstanding, December 31, 2019
|
2,318,835
|
|
$ 0.010
|
|
6.42
|
|
|
Options exercisable, December 31, 2019
|
1,628,165
|
|
$ 0.007
|
|
6.00
|
|
$ 37,682
|
Options granted during the year
|
2,040,500
|
|
0.015
|
|
|
|
|
Options exercised during the year
|
(1,359,372)
|
|
0.014
|
|
|
|
|
Options forfeited during the year
|
(10,000)
|
|
0.019
|
|
|
|
|
Options outstanding, December 31, 2020
|
2,989,963
|
|
$ 0.012
|
|
7.19
|
|
|
Options exercisable, December 31, 2020
|
1,727,463
|
|
$ 0.010
|
|
5.93
|
|
$ 155,595
|
39
The following table summarizes the Company’s non-vested employee stock option activity for years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Non-vested options outstanding, beginning of year
|
690,670
|
|
1,244,667
|
Options granted during the year
|
2,040,500
|
|
483,000
|
Options vested during the year
|
(1,458,670)
|
|
(1,020,664)
|
Options forfeited during the year
|
(10,000)
|
|
(16,333)
|
Non-vested options outstanding, end of year
|
1,262,500
|
|
690,670
|
The fair values of the granted options are estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. In addition to the exercise and grant date prices of the options, certain weighted average assumptions that were used to estimate the fair value of stock option grants in the respective periods are listed in the table below:
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Risk free interest rate
|
|
0.33%–0.89 %
|
|
1.55%-2.51%
|
Expected lives (in years)
|
|
5
|
|
1-5
|
Expected volatility
|
|
208%-231%
|
|
36.47%-170%
|
Dividend yield
|
|
0%
|
|
0%
|
The following table shows total stock options compensation expense included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and the effect on basic and diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31:
|
|
2020
|
|
|
2019
|
Stock options compensation
|
|
$24,595
|
|
|
$23,795
|
Impact on income per share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted
|
|
$-
|
|
|
$-
|
During the year 2020, 2,040,500 employee stock options were granted, of which 928,000 vested immediately, and 1,112,500 will vest one-third on each annual anniversary of the grant date resulting in $21,468 of stock options compensation. Stock options compensation of $3,127 recorded in the year 2020 was related to options that were granted in prior years. Additionally, 10,000 employee stock options were forfeited that were related to options granted in prior years. At December 31, 2020 there was $9,632 of unrecognized stock options compensation that is expected to be recognized as an expense over a weighted-average period of 2.6 years.
Common Stock Purchase Warrants – A summary of common stock purchase warrant activity for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 follows:
Outstanding common stock purchase warrants issued to non-employees outstanding at December 31, 2020 are as follows:
|
Number
of shares
|
|
Exercise price
|
|
Expiration year
|
|
250,000
|
|
$0.003
|
|
2023
|
|
40,000
|
|
$0.010
|
|
2024
|
The following table summarizes the Company’s common stock purchase warrant activity for the years ended December 31:
|
|
2020
|
|
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
|
|
2019
|
|
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
|
Warrants outstanding, beginning of year
|
|
290,000
|
|
$0.004
|
|
250,000
|
|
$0.003
|
Warrants granted during the year
|
|
100,000
|
|
0.004
|
|
440,000
|
|
0.005
|
Warrants exercised during the year
|
|
(100,000)
|
|
(0.004)
|
|
(400,000)
|
|
(0.005)
|
Warrants outstanding, end of year
|
|
290,000
|
|
$0.004
|
|
290,000
|
|
$ 0.004
|
40
In June 2020, the Company granted 100,000 warrants for the purchase of shares of its common stock with and exercise price of $.004 per share and an expiration date in June 2021. The warrants were valued using Black-Scholes option pricing model on the respective date of issuance using the following assumptions: a) risk free rate of 0.38%; b) term of 1 year and c) expected volatility of 392.22%. The fair value of the warrants was determined to be $1,958, which was recognized as warrant expense. These warrants vested immediately upon grant (June 2, 2020) and will expire in one year from the date of grant. In August 2020, these 100,000 warrants were exercised for which the Company received proceeds of $400. In January 2019, the Company granted 440,000 warrants for the purchase of shares of its common stock with an expiration date in January 2024, of which 140,000 had an exercise price of $.01 per share and 300,000 had an exercise price of $.003 per share. The warrants were valued using Black-Scholes option pricing model on the respective date of issuance using the following assumptions: a) risk free rate of 2.51%; b) term of 5 years and c) expected volatility of 146%. The fair value of the warrants was determined to be $15,358, which was recognized as warrant expense. These warrants vested immediately upon grant (January 2, 2019) and will expire in five years from the date of grant. In March 2019, 400,000 of these warrants were exercised for which the Company received proceeds of $1,900.
NOTE F — SERIES A CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK
The holders of shares of the Series A convertible preferred stock (the “Series A Preferred”) are entitled to receive, when and as declared by the Company’s board of directors, dividends in cash in the amount of one cent per share per annum through December 31, 2016, five cents per share per annum through December 31, 2017, six cents per share per annum through December 31, 2018, seven cents per share per annum through December 31, 2019, eight cents per share per annum through December 31, 2020, nine cents per share per annum through December 31, 2021, ten cents per share per annum through December 31, 2022, eleven cents per share per annum through December 31, 2023, and twelve cents per share per annum thereafter, payable within 90 days following the 31st day of December each year on such date as determined by the board of directors. The dividends are cumulative and beginning January 1, 2017, the board of directors of the Company may elect to make any required dividend payment with the Company’s unregistered common stock in lieu of cash.
Due to the unstated dividend cost arising from the gradually increasing dividends on the Series A Preferred, the Company calculated a discount on the Series A Preferred at the time of issuance as the present value of the difference between (i) the dividends that are payable in the periods preceding commencement of the perpetual twelve cents per share per annum dividend; and (ii) the perpetual twelve cents per share per annum dividend for a corresponding number of periods; discounted at a market rate of 12% totaling $309,337. The Series A Preferred was valued at the market price on the respective date of issuance for a total value of $672,472. The discount will be amortized over the periods preceding commencement of the perpetual dividend, by charging imputed dividend cost against retained earnings and increasing the carrying amount of the Series A Preferred by a corresponding amount. The discount amortization for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was $7,190 and $13,287, respectively. The discount amortization per share for the years 2020 and 2019 was $0.02 and $0.02, respectively.
The Series A Preferred was originally issued as non-voting and provided that in the event that the Company failed, for any reason, to make a dividend payment as set forth above, then each share of the Series A Preferred shall thereafter be entitled to two votes upon any matter that the holders of the common stock of the Company are entitled to vote upon. Since the Series A Preferred issuance in 2013, the Company’s board of directors determined annually that it was in the best interest of the Company and its shareholders to conserve the Company’s working capital and has not made the annual dividend payment. As a result, each share of the Series A Preferred is entitled to two votes upon any matter that the holders of the common stock of the Company are entitled to vote upon.
The Series A Preferred may be redeemed at the option of the Company’s board of directors for one dollar per share plus all accrued and unpaid dividends thereon at the date of redemption. In addition, at any time after a change of control of the Company, the holders of the Series A Preferred shall have the right, at the election of a majority of the holders, to require the Company to redeem all of the Series A Preferred for one dollar per share plus all accrued and unpaid dividends thereon at the date of redemption.
The Series A Preferred has a liquidation preference of one dollar per share plus all accrued and unpaid dividends thereon in the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company.
41
The Company analyzed the embedded conversion option for derivative accounting consideration under ASC 815-15 “Derivatives and Hedging” and determined that the conversion option should be classified as equity.
The Company analyzed the conversion option for beneficial conversion features consideration under ASC 470-20 “Convertible Securities with Beneficial Conversion Features” and noted none.
Pursuant to and upon execution of its headquarters office space lease in the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company’s landlord transferred back to the Company 114,792 shares of the Company’s Series A Preferred which had been previously issued to the landlord in 2013, in satisfaction of $114,792 in unpaid rental payments which were then outstanding. Of these shares returned, 62,378 shares were assigned to settle a related party liability and the remaining 52,414 were cancelled.
During the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company repurchased 59,634 shares of the Series A Preferred in return for a payment of $20,276.
During June 2020, the Company repurchased 356,797 shares of its Series A Preferred in return for the issuance of 392,477 shares of its common stock with a fair value of $19,624 and a payment of $178,400. The Company assigned 50,000 shares of the repurchased Series A Preferred to settle a related party liability of $53,825, and the remaining 306,797 shares were cancelled. Also during June 2020, an additional 65,597 shares of common stock with a fair value of $3,280 were issued and $9,541 was paid to a former Series A Preferred shareholder to equitably adjust the repurchase price of the Series A Preferred shares at the end of 2019 to those made in the second quarter of 2020.
On December 7, 2020, the Company’s board of directors declared a dividend on the Series A Preferred after making the determination that, among other things, on a consolidated basis that (a) the Company’s net income for the years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2020, was legally sufficient to pay the dividends declared below on its Series A Preferred, and (b) the declaration of the dividend was not likely to render the Company unable to meet, as they mature, those liabilities for which payment has not been otherwise adequately provided.
These dividends were paid on January 4, 2021, out of the net income of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2019, to the holders of record of the issued and outstanding shares of the Series A Preferred of the Company at the close of business on December 21, 2020. The dividend consisted of $0.21578 per share, representing the cumulative dividends on the Series A Preferred through the year ended December 31, 2019, and $0.08 per share representing the cumulative dividends on the Series A Preferred through the year ended December 31, 2020, for a total dividend payment of $168,079.
As of December 31, 2020, there were 568,257 shares of Series A Preferred outstanding with voting power representing 6.46% of the total voting power of the Company’s outstanding stock.
NOTE G – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On January 4, 2021, the Company paid the December 7, 2020 preferred stock dividends declared of $168,079.
On March 25, 2021, the Company issued 203,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock for cash proceeds of $609 pursuant to the exercise of common stock purchase options by various employees.
42