Item
2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The
information contained in this Form 10-Q is intended to update the information contained in our Annual Report on Amendment No. 1 to Form
10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 18, 2022 (the “Form 10-K/A”)
and presumes that readers have access to, and will have read, the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations” and other information contained in such Form 10-K/A. The following discussion and analysis also should
be read together with our financial statements and the notes to the financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q.
The
following discussion contains certain statements that may be deemed “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the
Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such statements appear in several places in this Report, including, without limitation,
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” These statements are not guaranteed
of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and requirements that are difficult to predict or are beyond our control. Forward-looking
statements speak only as of the date of this quarterly report. You should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. We
strongly encourage investors to carefully read the factors described in our Form 10-K/A in the section entitled “Risk Factors”
for a description of certain risks that could, among other things, cause actual results to differ from these forward-looking statements.
We assume no responsibility to update the forward-looking statements contained in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. The following should
also be read in conjunction with the unaudited Financial Statements and notes thereto that appear elsewhere in this report.
Company
Overview
Greenpro
Capital Corp. (the “Company” or “Greenpro”), was incorporated in the State of Nevada on July 19, 2013. We provide
cross-border business solutions and accounting outsourcing services to small and medium-size businesses located in Asia, with an initial
focus on Hong Kong, Malaysia, and China. Greenpro provides a range of services as a package solution to our clients, which we believe
can assist our clients in reducing their business costs and improving their revenues.
In
addition to our business solution services, we also operate a venture capital business through Greenpro Venture Capital Limited, an Anguilla
corporation. One of our venture capital business segments is focused on (1) establishing a business incubator for start-up and high growth
companies to support such companies during critical growth periods, which will include education and support services, and (2) searching
for investment opportunities in selected start-up and high growth companies, which may generate significant returns to the Company. Our
venture capital business is focused on companies located in Asia and Southeast Asia including Hong Kong, Malaysia, China, Thailand and
Singapore. Another one of our venture capital business segments is focused on rental activities of commercial properties and the sale
of investment properties.
Results
of Operations
For
information regarding our controls and procedures, see Part I, Item 4 - Controls and Procedures, of this Quarterly Report.
During
the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, we operated in three regions: Hong Kong, Malaysia and China. We derived revenue
from the provision of services and sales or rental activities of our commercial properties.
The Company
effected a 10:1 reverse split of its common stock on July 28, 2022.
Comparison
of the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021
Total
revenue
Total
revenue was $807,942 and $792,025 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The increased amount of $15,917 was
primarily due to an increase in the revenue from our business services. We expect revenue from
our business services segment to steadily improve as we expand our businesses into new territories and as the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic wane.
Service
business revenue
Revenue
from the provision of business services was $777,552 and $757,364 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. It
was derived principally from the provision of business consulting and advisory services as well as company secretarial, accounting, and
financial analysis services. We experienced a slight increase in service revenue as some listing
service obligations were completed during the three months ended June 30, 2022.
Real
estate business
Sale
of real estate properties
There
was no revenue generated from the sale of real estate properties for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Rental
revenue
Revenue
from rentals was $30,390 and $34,661 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. It was derived principally from
leasing properties in Malaysia and Hong Kong. We believe our rental income will be stable in the near future.
Total
operating costs and expenses
Total
operating costs and expenses were $1,112,610 and $1,281,091 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. They consist
of cost-of-service revenue, cost of rental revenue, and general and administrative expenses.
Loss
from operations for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was $304,668 and $489,066, respectively. A decrease in loss from operations
was mainly due to a decrease in general and administrative expenses of $151,197.
Cost
of service revenue
Cost
of revenue on provision of services was $72,068 and $87,768 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. It primarily
consists of employee compensation and related payroll benefits, company formation costs, and other professional fees directly attributable
to the services rendered.
A
decrease of cost-of-service revenue was mainly due to a decrease of other professional fees directly attributable to the services for
the three months ended June 30, 2022.
Cost
of real estate properties sold
There
was no cost incurred for the sale of real estate properties for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Cost
of rental revenue
Cost
of rental revenue was $11,907 and $13,491 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. It includes the costs associated
with governmental charges, repairs and maintenance, property management fees and insurance, depreciation, and other related administrative
costs. Utility expenses are borne and paid directly by individual tenants. A slight decrease of cost of rental revenue was mainly due
to a decrease in commission fees incurred for the three months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the same fee incurred for the three
months ended June 30, 2021.
General
and administrative expenses
General
and administrative (“G&A”) expenses were $1,028,635 and $1,179,832 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021,
respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2022, G&A expenses consisted primarily of employees’ salaries and allowances
of $381,974, directors’ salaries and compensation of $162,995, advertising and promotion expenses of $118,747, legal service fee
of $83,057, consulting fees of $69,782, and other professional fees of $51,129, respectively. We expect our G&A expenses will slightly
increase as we integrate our business acquisitions, expand our existing business, and develop new markets in other regions.
Other
income or expenses
Net
other expenses were $645,956 and $274,557 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Impairment of other investment
was $677,400 for the three months ended June 30, 2022, while impairment of other investment was $3,246,000 for the three months ended
June 30, 2021. Fair value gains associated with warrants was $3,503 for the three months ended June 30, 2022, while a loss on change
in fair value of derivative liabilities was $83,935 which was composed of fair value loss of options associated with convertible notes
of $143,200 and offset by a fair value gain associated with warrants of $59,265 for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Interest expense
was $0 for the three months ended June 30, 2022, while interest expense was $1,560,226 which mainly consisted of interest expense associated
with convertible notes of $1,540,977 for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Gain on extinguishment of convertible notes of $1,611,379
and reversal of write-off notes receivable of $3,000,000 were recorded for the three months ended June 30, 2021, but no such gain or
reversal was recorded during the same period in 2022.
Interest
expenses
Total
interest expenses were $0 and $1,560,226 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
On
October 13, 2020, the Company issued three unsecured promissory notes to Streeterville Capital, LLC, FirstFire Global Opportunities Fund,
LLC and Granite Global Value Investments Ltd. (collectively, the “Investors”), respectively. The Company issued another unsecured
promissory note to Streeterville Capital, LLC (“Streeterville”) on January 8, 2021 and February 11, 2021, respectively. Interest
expenses related to the convertible promissory notes totaled $1,540,977 for the three months ended June 30, 2021, which included coupon
interest expense of $188,717, amortization of discount on convertible notes of $89,281, amortization of debt issuance costs of $32,029,
interest expense associated with conversion of notes of $995,312 and additional charge for early redemption of $235,638.
Net
loss
Net
loss was $952,160 and $766,257 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. An increase in net loss was mainly due
to a decrease in other income in three months ended June 30, 2022.
Net
income or loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
The
Company records net income or loss attributable to noncontrolling interest in the consolidated statements of operations for any noncontrolling
interest of consolidated subsidiaries.
For
the three months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recorded net loss attributable to a noncontrolling interest of $6,380, as compared
to net income attributable to a noncontrolling interest of $4,597 for the three months ended June 30, 2021.
Comparison
of the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021
Total
revenue
Total
revenue was $1,383,788 and $1,381,598 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. A slight increase of revenue
was mainly due to the sale of one-unit real estate property of $186,873 and offset by a decreased service revenue of $184,114. We
expect revenue from our business services segment to steadily improve as we expand our businesses into new territories and as the
effects of the COVID-19 pandemic wane.
Service
business revenue
Revenue
from the provision of business services was $1,132,585 and $1,316,699 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
It was derived principally from business consulting and advisory services as well as company secretarial, accounting, and financial analysis
services. We experienced decreased revenue of $184,114, mainly due to a decrease of revenue
from listing services for the six months ended June 30, 2022 in comparison with the same period in 2021.
Real
estate business
Sale
of real estate properties
Revenue
from the sale of real estate property was $186,873 for the six months ended June 30, 2022, which was derived from the sale of one commercial
property located in Hong Kong. There was no revenue generated from the sale of real estate property for the six months ended June 30,
2021.
Rental
revenue
Revenue
from rentals was $64,330 and $64,899 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. It was derived principally from leasing
properties in Malaysia and Hong Kong. We believe our rental income will be stable in the near future.
Total
operating costs and expenses
Total
operating costs and expenses were $2,219,159 and $2,757,962 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. They consist
of cost-of-service revenue, cost of real estate properties sold, cost of rental revenue and G&A expenses. The Company incurred $1,932,774
and $2,561,086 of G&A expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Cost
of service revenue
Cost of revenue on provision of services were $136,344 and $171,570 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. It primarily
consists of employee compensation and related payroll benefits, company formation costs, and other professional fees directly attributable
to the services rendered. A decrease of cost-of-service revenue was mainly due to a decrease of other professional fees directly attributable
to the services for the six months ended June 30, 2022.
Cost
of real estate properties sold
Cost
of revenue on real estate property sold was $127,341 for the six months ended June 30, 2022. It primarily consisted of the purchase price
of property, legal fees, improvement costs to the building structure, and other acquisition costs. Selling and advertising costs are
expensed as incurred. There was no revenue generated from the sale of real estate property for the six months ended June 30, 2021, hence
no cost was recorded.
Cost
of rental revenue
Cost
of rental revenue was $22,700 and $25,306 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. It includes the costs associated
with governmental charges, repairs and maintenance, property management fees and insurance, depreciation, and other related administrative
costs. Utility expenses are borne and paid directly by individual tenants. A slight decrease of cost of rental revenue was mainly due
to a decrease in commission fees incurred for the six months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to the same fees incurred for the six months
ended June 30, 2021.
General
and administrative expenses
G&A
expenses were $1,932,774 and $2,561,086 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. For the six months ended June
30, 2022, G&A expenses consisted primarily of employees’ salaries and allowances of $728,710, directors’ salaries and
compensation of $326,639, advertising and promotion expenses of $156,456, consulting fee of $131,569, legal service fee of $127,732,
and other professional fee of $114,517, respectively. We expect our G&A expenses will slightly increase as we integrate our business
acquisitions, expand our existing business, and develop new markets in other regions.
Other
income or expenses
Net
other expenses were $1,125,123 and $5,682,401 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Impairment of other investment
was $1,213,800 for the six months ended June 30, 2022, while impairment of the same investment was $3,246,000 for the six months ended
June 30, 2021. Gain on change in fair value associated with warrants was $9,405 for the six months ended June 30, 2022, while a gain
on change in fair value of derivative liabilities was $5,133,464 which was composed of a fair value gain of options associated with convertible
notes of $5,093,720 and a fair value gain associated with warrants of $39,744 for the six months ended June 30, 2021. No
interest expense was incurred for the six months ended June 30, 2022, as compared to interest expense of $12,187,264 which mainly consisted
of interest expense associated convertible notes of $12,148,688 for the six months ended June 30, 2021. Gain on extinguishment of convertible
notes of $1,611,379 and reversal of write-off notes receivable of $3,000,000 were recorded for the six months ended June 30, 2021, but
no such gain or reversal was recorded during the same period in 2022.
Interest
expenses
Total
interest expenses were $0 and $12,187,264 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
On
October 13, 2020, the Company issued three unsecured promissory notes to Streeterville Capital, LLC, FirstFire Global Opportunities Fund,
LLC and Granite Global Value Investments Ltd. (collectively, the “Investors”), respectively. The Company issued another unsecured
promissory note to Streeterville Capital, LLC (“Streeterville”) on January 8, 2021 and February 11, 2021, respectively. Interest
expenses related to the convertible promissory notes totaled $12,148,688 for the six months ended June 30, 2021, which included coupon
interest expense of $328,409, amortization of discount on convertible notes of $160,077, amortization of debt issuance costs of $56,959,
interest expense associated with conversion of notes of $1,700,909, interest expense associated with accretion of convertible notes payable
of $8,561,440, interest expense due to non-fulfillment of use of proceeds requirements of $1,105,256 and additional charge for early
redemption of $235,638.
Net
Loss
Net
loss was $1,962,030 and $7,061,399 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. A decrease in net loss was mainly due
to a decrease of G&A expenses, interest expenses associated with the aforementioned convertible promissory notes and an impairment
loss of other investments.
Net
income or loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
We
record net income or loss attributable to noncontrolling interest in the consolidated statements of operations for any noncontrolling
interest of consolidated subsidiaries.
At
June 30, 2022, the noncontrolling interest is related to Forward Win International Limited (“FWIL”), which the Company owns
a 60% interest in FWIL and the noncontrolling shareholders own the remaining 40% interest of FWIL.
For
the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, we recorded net income attributable to a noncontrolling interest of $17,432 and $7,975,
respectively.
There
were no seasonal aspects that had a material effect on the financial condition or results of operations of the Company.
Other
than as disclosed elsewhere in this Quarterly Report, we are not aware of any trends, uncertainties, demands, commitments or events for
the six months ended June 30, 2022 that are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, changes in
our financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources, or that would
cause the disclosed financial information to be not necessarily indicative of future operating results or financial conditions.
Off
Balance Sheet Arrangements
We
have no significant off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial
condition, changes in our financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital
resources that are material to our stockholders as of June 30, 2022.
Contractual
Obligations
As
of June 30, 2022, one of our subsidiaries leases one office in Hong Kong under a non-cancellable operating lease, with a term of two
years commencing from March 15, 2021 to March 14, 2023. One of the Malaysian subsidiaries leases an office in Kuala Lumpur and the other
Malaysian subsidiary leases one office in Labuan, which are under a separate non-cancellable operating lease with terms of one year,
from April 1, 2022 to March 31, 2023, and from June 15, 2022 to June 14, 2023, respectively. As of June 30, 2022, the future minimum
rental payments under these leases in the aggregate are approximately $81,438 and are due as follows: 2022: $56,085 and 2023: $25,353.
Related
Party Transactions
Net
accounts receivable due from related parties was $0 and $41 as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Other receivable
due from related parties was $1,230,661 and $1,170,855 as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Amounts due to related
parties were $716,996 and $757,283 as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
For
the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, related party service revenue totaled $507,171 and $664,989, respectively.
General
and administrative (“G&A”) expenses to related parties were $36,228 and $6,973 for the six months ended June 30, 2022
and 2021, respectively. Impairment of investment in a related party was $1,213,800 and $3,246,000 for the six months ended June 30,
2022 and 2021, respectively.
Our
related parties are primarily those companies where we own a certain percentage of shares of such companies, and companies that we have
determined that we can significantly influence based on our common business relationships. Refer to Note 7 to the Condensed Consolidated
Financial Statements for additional details regarding the related party transactions.
Critical
Accounting Policies and Estimates
Use
of estimates
The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions relating to the reporting of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial
statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant accounting estimates include certain
assumptions related to, among others, the allowance for doubtful accounts receivable, impairment analysis of real estate assets and other
long-term assets including goodwill, valuation allowance on deferred income taxes, and the accrual of potential liabilities. Actual results
may differ from these estimates.
Revenue
recognition
The
Company follows the guidance of Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 606, Revenue from Contracts. ASC 606 creates a five-step model
that requires entities to exercise judgment when considering the terms of contracts, which includes (1) identifying the contracts or
agreements with a customer, (2) identifying our performance obligations in the contract or agreement, (3) determining the transaction
price, (4) allocating the transaction price to the separate performance obligations, and (5) recognizing revenue as each performance
obligation is satisfied. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the Company will collect
the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the services it transfers to its clients.
The
Company’s revenue consists of revenue from providing business consulting and corporate advisory services (“service revenue”),
revenue from the sale of real estate properties, and revenue from the rental of real estate properties.
Impairment
of long-lived assets
Long-lived
assets primarily include real estate held for investment, property and equipment, and intangible assets. In accordance with the provision
of ASC 360, the Company generally conducts its annual impairment evaluation of its long-lived assets in the fourth quarter of each year,
or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist, such as a significant sustained change in the business climate. The recoverability
of long-lived assets is measured at the reporting unit level. If the total of the expected undiscounted future net cash flows is less
than the carrying amount of the asset, a loss is recognized for the difference between the fair value and carrying amount of the asset.
In addition, for real estate held for sale, an impairment loss is the adjustment to fair value less estimated cost to dispose of the
asset.
Goodwill
Goodwill
is the excess of cost of an acquired entity over the fair value of amounts assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business
combination. Under the guidance of ASC 350, goodwill is not amortized, rather it is tested for impairment annually, and will be tested
for impairment between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate the carrying amount may be impaired.
An impairment loss generally would be recognized when the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s net assets exceeds the estimated
fair value of the reporting unit and would be measured as the excess carrying value of goodwill over the derived fair value of goodwill.
The Company’s policy is to perform its annual impairment testing for its reporting units on December 31, of each fiscal year.
Derivative
financial instruments
Derivative
financial instruments consist of financial instruments that contain a notional amount and one or more underlying variables such as interest
rate, security price, variable conversion rate or other variables, require no initial net investment and permit net settlement. The derivative
financial instruments may be free-standing or embedded in other financial instruments. The Company evaluates its financial instruments
to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives. The Company follows the provision
of ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging for derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument
is initially recorded at its fair value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the
statements of operations. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities
or as equity, is evaluated at the end of each reporting period. Derivative instrument liabilities are classified in the balance sheet
as current or non-current based on whether net-cash settlement of the derivative instrument could be required within 12 months of the
balance sheet date. At each reporting date, the Company reviews its convertible securities to determine that their classification is
appropriate.
Recent
accounting pronouncements
Refer
to Note 1 in the accompanying financial statements.
Liquidity
and Capital Resources
Our
cash and cash equivalents at June 30, 2022 were $4,094,007, while at December 31, 2021, the cash and cash equivalents were $5,338,571.
It was decreased by $1,244,564. We estimate the Company currently has sufficient cash available to meet its anticipated working capital
for the next twelve months.
The
accompanying financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement
of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. During the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company incurred a net
loss of $1,962,030 and net cash used in operations of $1,364,723. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability
to continue as a going concern within one year of the date that the financial statements are issued. In addition, the Company’s
independent registered public accounting firm, in its report on the Company’s December 31, 2021 financial statements, has expressed
substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments
that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.
The
Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon improving its profitability and the continuing financial support
from its shareholders. Management believes the existing shareholders or external financing will provide the additional cash to meet the
Company’s obligations as they become due.
Despite
the amount of funds that the Company has raised, no assurance can be given that any future financing, if needed, will be available or,
if available, that it will be on terms that are satisfactory to the Company. Even if the Company is able to obtain additional financing,
if needed, it may contain undue restrictions on its operations, in the case of debt financing, or cause substantial dilution for its
shareholders, in the case of equity financing.
Operating
activities
Net
cash used in operating activities was $1,364,723 and $1,294,682 for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The cash
used in operating activities in 2022 primarily consisted of a net loss for the period of $1,962,030, an increase in prepayments and other
current assets of $434,859 and a decrease in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $447,066 and offset by impairment of other investment
of $1,213,800 and an increase in deferred revenue of $319,412. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, non-cash adjustments totaled $1,269,975,
which was mostly composed of non-cash expenses of impairment of other investment of $1,213,800.
Investing
activities
Net
cash provided by investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $180,590, as compared to net cash used in investing
activities of $38,583 for the six months ended June 30, 2021.
Financing
activities
Net
cash used in financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $93,768, as compared to net cash provided by financing activities
of $6,982,991 for the six months ended June 30, 2021.
The
cash used in financing activities in 2022 was advances to related parties of $93,768.