PLSAY Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC (PK)

Selling, general, and administrative expense

$ 905,813

$ 1,237,635

Cost of sales

(933,111)

(1,216,020)

Gross profit/(loss)

(27,298)

21,615

(437,840)

(474,607)

Research and development expense

(23,345)

(83,050)

Other operating income, net

24,034

38,559

Profit (loss) from operating activities

(464,449)

(497,483)

Finance income

5,606

12,489

Finance expense

(201,427)

(92,656)

Fair value change - Earn-out rights

139,638

232,995

^[1]

Fair value change - Class C Shares

2,500

10,750

^[1]

Share of losses in associates

(4,350)

Loss before income taxes

(522,482)

(333,905)

Income tax expense

(17,003)

(6,925)

(539,485)

(340,830)

^[1]

Items that may be subsequently reclassified to the Consolidated Statement of Loss:

(539,485)

(340,830)

^[1]

Exchange rate differences from translation of foreign operations

(23,823)

(27,658)

Total other comprehensive loss

(23,823)

(27,658)

Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022

$ (563,308)

$ (368,488)

[1]	1 - Refer to Note 18 - Restatement of prior period financial statements for reconciliations between originally reported and as revised amounts.

Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Loss and Comprehensive Loss - EPS - $ / shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Class A Shares
Net loss per share (in U.S. dollars)
Net loss per share - basic (in dollars per share)	$ (0.26)	$ (0.16)
Net loss per share - diluted (in dollars per share)	(0.26)	(0.16)
Class B Shares
Net loss per share (in U.S. dollars)
Net loss per share - basic (in dollars per share)	(0.26)	(0.16)
Net loss per share - diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.26)	$ (0.16)

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Non-current assets
Intangible assets and goodwill	$ 1,458,199	$ 1,412,729
Property, plant, and equipment	547,098	316,867
Vehicles under operating leases	69,178	67,931
Other non-current assets	27,581	7,212
Deferred tax asset	31,759	43,041
Other investments	2,285	2,414
Total non-current assets	2,136,100	1,850,194
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	668,911	768,927
Trade receivables	145,823	126,205
Trade receivables - related parties	38,242	61,026
Accrued income - related parties	34,135	152,605
Inventories	726,017	939,359
Current tax assets	14,261	9,270
Other current assets	210,248	204,142
Other current assets - related parties	2,904	9,576
Total current assets	1,840,541	2,271,110
Total assets	3,976,641	4,121,304
Equity
Share capital	(21,169)	(21,168)
Other contributed capital	(3,621,261)	(3,615,187)
Foreign currency translation reserve	49,833	26,010
Accumulated deficit	5,412,129	4,872,644
Total equity	1,819,532	1,262,299
Non-current liabilities
Non-current contract liabilities	(62,097)	(63,063)
Deferred tax liabilities	(3,530)	(3,335)
Other non-current provisions	(97,772)	(104,681)
Other non-current liabilities	(48,119)	(73,149)
Earn-out liability	(15,764)	(155,402)
Non-current liabilities to credit institutions	(947,289)	0
Other non-current interest-bearing liabilities	(43,248)	(54,439)
Other non-current interest-bearing liabilities - related parties	(1,384,056)	(1,409,244)
Total non-current liabilities	(2,601,875)	(1,863,313)
Current liabilities
Trade payables	(80,967)	(92,441)
Trade payables - related parties	(401,416)	(275,704)
Accrued expenses - related parties	(208,296)	(450,000)
Advance payments from customers	(18,694)	(16,415)
Current provisions	(87,097)	(94,887)
Current liabilities to credit institutions	(1,536,819)	(2,023,582)
Current tax liabilities	(7,149)	(12,812)
Interest-bearing current liabilities	(16,857)	(19,547)
Interest-bearing current liabilities - related parties	(102,264)	(68,332)
Current contract liabilities	(109,975)	(112,062)
Class C Shares liability	(3,500)	(6,000)
Other current liabilities	(599,887)	(347,902)
Other current liabilities - related parties	(21,377)	(606)
Total current liabilities	(3,194,298)	(3,520,290)
Total liabilities	(5,796,173)	(5,383,603)
Total equity and liabilities	$ (3,976,641)	$ (4,121,304)

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

Total

Share capital

Other contributed capital

Currency translation reserve

Accumulated deficit

$ 88,189

$ (21,165)

$ (3,584,232)

$ 15,773

$ 3,677,813

340,830

^[1]

340,830

27,658

Equity-settled share-based payment

368,488

27,658

340,830

2,658

2,656

Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2023

(454,019)

(21,167)

(3,586,888)

43,431

4,018,643

Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023

(1,262,299)

(21,168)

(3,615,187)

26,010

4,872,644

539,485

23,823

Equity-settled share-based payment

563,308

23,823

539,485

6,075

6,074

Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2024

$ (1,819,532)

$ (21,169)

$ (3,621,261)

$ 49,833

$ 5,412,129

[1]	1 - Refer to Note 18 - Restatement of prior period financial statements for reconciliations between originally reported and as revised amounts.

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Jun. 30, 2023

^[1]

Cash flows from operating activities

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash flows:

$ (539,485)

$ (340,830)

Depreciation and amortization expense

22,371

53,204

Warranty provisions

8,612

34,619

Impairment of inventory

27,132

11,795

Finance income

(5,606)

(12,489)

Finance expense

201,427

92,656

Fair value change - Earn-out rights

(139,638)

(232,995)

Fair value change - Class C Shares

(2,500)

(10,750)

Income tax expense

17,003

6,925

Share of losses in associates

4,350

Loss on derecognition and disposal of property, plant, and equipment and intangible assets

2,070

Other provisions

13,321

14,873

Unrealized exchange gain on trade payables

(5,629)

(5,022)

Other non-cash expense and income

6,627

7,397

Change in operating assets and liabilities:

Inventories

163,488

(189,201)

Contract liabilities

1,913

21,163

Trade receivables, prepaid expenses, and other assets

115,560

68,688

Trade payables, accrued expenses, and other liabilities

97,113

(134,766)

Interest received

5,606

12,489

Interest paid

(146,199)

(48,667)

Taxes paid

(15,128)

(11,401)

Cash used for operating activities

(169,662)

(660,242)

Cash flows from investing activities

Additions to property, plant, and equipment

(83,884)

(42,948)

Additions to investment in associates

(236,935)

(237,930)

(34,300)

Proceeds from sale of property, plant, and equipment

1,710

Cash used for investing activities

(355,085)

(279,168)

Cash flows from financing activities

Change in restricted deposits

(20,369)

Proceeds from short-term borrowings

394,640

1,671,964

Proceeds from long-term borrowings

950,632

Repayments of borrowings

(867,249)

(598,953)

Repayments of lease liabilities

(12,534)

(11,571)

Cash provided by financing activities

445,120

1,061,440

Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

(20,389)

(38,495)

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

(100,016)

83,535

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period

768,927

973,877

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period

$ 668,911

$ 1,057,412

[1]	1 - Refer to Note 18 - Restatement of prior period financial statements for reconciliations between originally reported and as revised amounts.

Overview and basis of presentation	6 Months Ended
Overview and basis of presentation	Jun. 30, 2024
Corporate information and statement of IFRS compliance [abstract]
Overview and basis of presentation	Note 1 - Overview and basis of preparation General information Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC (the “Parent”), together with its subsidiaries, hereafter referred to as “Polestar," “Polestar Group,” and the “Group," is a limited company incorporated in the United Kingdom. Polestar Group operates principally in the automotive industry, engaging in research and development, branding and marketing, and the commercialization and selling of battery electric vehicles, and related technology solutions. Polestar Group's current lineup of battery electric vehicles consists of the Polestar 2 ("PS2"), a premium fast-back sedan, the Polestar 3 ("PS3"), a luxury aero sport-utility vehicle, the Polestar 4 ("PS4"), a premium sport utility vehicle, the Polestar 5 ("PS5"), a luxury sport grand-touring sedan, and the Polestar 6 ("PS6"), a luxury roadster. As of June 30, 2024, the PS2, PS3, and PS4 are in production while the remaining vehicles are under development. Operating sustainably is a critical priority of the Group; targeting climate neutrality by 2040, creating a climate neutral car (cradle-to-gate) by 2030, and halving the emission intensity per car sold by 2030. Polestar Group has a presence in 27 markets across Europe, North America, and Asia. Polestar Group has its management headquarters located at Assar Gabrielssons väg 9, 41878 Göteborg, Sweden. As of June 30, 2024, related parties owned 81.8% of the Group. The remaining 18.2% of the Group was owned by external investors. Basis of preparation The Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in this interim report of Polestar Group are prepared in accordance International Accounting Standards (“IAS”) 34, Interim Financial Reporting (“IAS 34”), as adopted by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) and UK-adopted international accounting standards. The Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for the revaluation of certain financial instruments that are measured at fair values at the end of each reporting period, as explained in the accounting policies below. For group financial reporting purposes, Polestar Group companies apply the same accounting principles, irrespective of national legislation, as defined in the Group accounting directives. Such accounting principals have been applied consistently for all periods, unless otherwise stated. This interim report is prepared in the presentation currency, U.S. Dollar (“USD”). All amounts are stated in thousands of USD (“TUSD”), unless otherwise stated. Periods discussed prior to June 23, 2022 represent the operations of Polestar Automotive Holding Limited and its consolidated subsidiaries. Going concern Polestar Group’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared on a basis that assumes Polestar Group will continue as a going concern and the ordinary course of business will continue in alignment with management’s 2024-2028 business plan. Management assessed Polestar Group’s ability to continue as a going concern and evaluated whether there are certain events or conditions, considered in the aggregate, that may cast substantial doubt about Polestar’s ability to continue as a going concern. All information available to management, including cash flow forecasts, liquidity forecasts, and internal risk assessments, pertaining to the twelve-month period after the issuance date of these Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements was used in performing this assessment. As a result of scaling up commercialization and continued capital expenditures related to the PS2, PS3, PS4, PS5, and PS6, managing the Company’s liquidity profile and funding needs remains one of management’s key priorities. If Polestar is not able to raise the necessary funds through operations, equity raises, debt financing, or other means, the Group may be required to delay, limit, reduce, or, in the worst case, terminate research and development and commercialization efforts. Since inception, Polestar Group has generated recurring net losses and negative operating and investing cash flows. Net losses for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 amounted to $539,485 and $340,830, respectively. Negative operating and investing cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 amounted to $524,747 and $939,410, respectively. Management’s 2024-2028 business plan indicates that Polestar will generate negative operating cash flows in the near future and positive operating cash flows starting the second half of 2025; investing cash flows of Polestar will continue to be negative in the near and long-term future due to the nature of Polestar’s business. Securing financing to support operating and development activities represents an ongoing challenge for Polestar Group. Polestar Group primarily finances its operations through short-term working capital loan arrangements with credit institutions (i.e., 12 months or less), contributions from shareholders, extended trade credit from related parties, and long-term financing arrangements with related parties. Management’s 2024-2028 business plan indicates that Polestar Group depends on additional financing that is expected to be funded via a combination of new short-term working capital loan arrangements, long-term loan arrangements, shareholder loans with related parties, and executing capital market transactions through offerings of debt and/or equity. The timely realization of these financing endeavors is crucial for Polestar Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. If Polestar is unable to obtain financing from these sources or if such financing is not sufficient to cover forecasted operating and investing cash flow needs, Polestar Group will need to seek additional funding through other means (e.g., issuing new shares of equity or issuing bonds). Management has no certainty that Polestar Group will be successful in securing the funds necessary to continue operating and development activities as planned. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, Polestar demonstrated efforts towards achieving liquidity targets in management's 2024-2028 business plan by: •Securing long-term financing support from credit institutions; and •Entering into multiple short-term working capital loan arrangements with banking partners in China. Polestar is party to financing instruments during the 12 months following the reporting period that contain financial covenants with which Polestar must comply. A failure to comply with such covenants may result in an event of default that could have material adverse effects on the business. Due to the factors discussed above, there is material uncertainty as to whether Polestar will be able to comply with all covenants in future periods. Remedies to an event of default include proactively applying for a covenant waiver prior to such event of default occurring. Based on these circumstances, management reasonably expects there to be sufficient liquidity in the twelve-month period after the issuance date of these Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in order for Polestar to meet its cash flow requirements, but there is substantial doubt about Polestar’s ability to continue as a going concern. There are ongoing efforts in place to mitigate the uncertainty. The Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements do not include any adjustments to factor for the going concern uncertainty.

Significant accounting policies and judgements

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Disclosure Of List Of Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Significant accounting policies and judgements

Note 2 - Significant accounting policies and judgements

Adoption of new and revised standards

Effects of new and amended IFRS

New and amended IFRS issued by not yet effective

Presentation, basis of consolidation, segment reporting, and foreign currency

Restatement

Accounting policies and use of estimates and judgements

Earnings per share


POS Class			EPIS Denominator Adjustment Method
Unvested equity-settled RSUs and RSAs1			Treasury share2
Class C Shares			Treasury share
Earn-out Rights and PSUs			The number of shares issuable if the reporting date were the end of the contingency period
Convertible Credit Facilities with Volvo Cars and Geely			If the instrument is converted, the number of shares issued on the date of the conversion

1 - Restricted Stock Awards ("RSAs") are related to the Group's employee stock purchase plan implemented in January 2024.

Financial instruments

Trade receivables factoring

Fair value measurement

Valuation methodology for the fair value of the financial liability related to the Class C-2 Shares

Valuation methodology for the fair value of the financial liability related to the Former Parent’s contingent earn-out rights

Revenue

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Revenue [abstract]

Disclosure of detailed information about investment property [abstract]

Note 3 - Revenue


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024		2023
			(Restated)
Sales of vehicles1	883,621		1,208,791
Sales of software and performance engineered kits	7,891		11,419
Sales of carbon credits	40		532
Vehicle leasing revenue	11,566		7,493
Other revenue	2,695		9,400
Total	$	905,813	$	1,237,635

1 - Revenue related to sale of vehicles are inclusive of extended and connected services recognized over time.

For the six months ended ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 no sole customer, that is not a related party, exceeded 10% of total revenue.

Contract liabilities


	Sales generated obligation		Deferred revenue - extended service		Deferred revenue - connected service		Deferred revenue - operating leases & other		Total
Balance as of January 1, 2024	37,034		47,564		39,565		50,962		175,125
Provided for during the period	100,974		13,586		4,687		4,212		123,459
Settled during the period	(76,029)		—		—		—		(76,029)
Released during the period	—		(12,821)		(3,049)		(29,445)		(45,315)
Translation differences and other	(767)		(1,316)		(2,117)		(968)		(5,168)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	61,212	$	47,013	$	39,086	$	24,761	$	172,072
of which current	57,434		23,121		6,389		23,031		109,975
of which non-current	3,778		23,892		32,697		1,730		62,097

Geographic information

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Geographic Areas [Abstract]

Geographic information

Note 4 - Geographic information

Presentation, basis of consolidation, segment reporting, and foreign currency

For a detailed description of the Group’s presentation, basis of consolidation, segment reporting, and foreign currency, including currency risk, refer to Note 2 - Significant accounting policies and judgements and Note 3 - Financial risk management of the Consolidated Financial Statements for Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC, as of December 31, 2023 that were included in the Form 20-F filed with the SEC on August 14, 2024. There are no changes for the periods presented in these Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

The following tables show the breakdown of the Group’s revenue from external customers and non-current assets by geographical location where the Polestar company recognizing the revenue is located:


	For the six months ended June 30,
Revenue	2024		2023
			(Restated)
United Kingdom	143,916		286,812
Sweden	141,365		169,416
USA	128,202		225,002
Germany	75,410		118,961
China	66,469		19,848
Norway	56,162		32,024
Belgium	46,981		47,490
Netherlands	42,456		50,171
Canada	41,413		62,130
Denmark	41,172		27,836
Australia	36,786		48,163
Korea	13,908		19,469
Switzerland	12,973		19,290
Finland	12,656		24,184
Italy	4,118		28,051
Other regions1	41,826		58,788
Total	$	905,813	$	1,237,635

1 - Revenue: Other regions primarily consist of Spain, Austria, and Luxembourg in June 2024.Other regions primarily consist of Austria, Spain and Ireland in 2023.


	As of June 30, 2024		As of December, 31, 2023
Non-current assets2
Sweden	1,295,171		1,239,023
China	513,455		448,361
United Kingdom	36,439		32,342
Germany	36,233		27,058
USA	149,354		5,017
Other regions3	43,823		45,726
Total	$	2,074,475	$	1,797,527

2 - Non-current assets: excludes financial assets, Deferred tax assets, Other non-current assets, and Other investments.

3 - Other regions primarily consist of Belgium, Australia, and Switzerland in June 2024 and Switzerland, Australia, and Belgium and Spain in 2023

Investment in associates

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Investment in associates

Note 5 - Investment in associates

Sales of vehicles

The following table summarizes the activity related to Polestar's investment in Polestar Times Technology:


Balance as of January 1, 2024	—
Investment in Polestar Times Technology	4,900
Elimination of effects of downstream sales	(550)
Recognized share of losses in Polestar Times Technology	(4,350)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	—

The following table summarizes the activity related to Polestar's unrecognized losses in Polestar Times Technology:


Unrecognized balance as of January 1, 2024	(1,407)
Unrecognized effects of downstream sales	(6,386)
Unrecognized share of losses in Polestar Times Technology	(29,231)
Unrecognized balance as of June 30, 2024	$	(37,024)

The following table provides summarized financial information from Polestar Times Technology's financial statements and a reconciliation to the carrying amount of Polestar's investment:


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024
Polestar's percentage ownership interest	46.2		%
Non-current assets	44,759
Current assets	60,806
Non-current liabilities	(21,379)
Current liabilities	(132,663)
Net liabilities	$	(48,477)
Less capital reserves	(29,492)
Adjusted Net liabilities	$	(77,969)
The Group's share of net liabilities	(36,021)
Elimination of effects of downstream sales	(550)
Unrecognized effects of downstream sales	6,386
Unrecognized losses in Polestar Times Technology	29,231
Other reconciling items	954
Carrying amount of the Group's investment in Polestar Times Technology	$	—

Revenue	44,490
Net loss	(70,851)
Other comprehensive loss	(1,836)
Total comprehensive loss	(72,687)
The Group's share of losses in Polestar Times Technology	$	(33,581)

Leases

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Lease liabilities [abstract]

Leases

Note 6 - Leases

Polestar Group as Lessee

is generally 2-15 years with the exception of one long term land lease with a term of 50 years. The lease term for machinery and equipment is generally 2-6 years.

The following table depicts the changes in the Group’s right-of-use assets, which are included within Property, plant, and equipment:


	Buildings and land		Machinery and equipment		Total
Acquisition cost
Balance as of January 1, 2024	122,613		50,433		173,046
Addition	4,768		3,446		8,214
Cancellations	(10,858)		(1,282)		(12,140)
Remeasurement	—		(288)		(288)


Effect of foreign currency exchange differences	(4,063)		(1,082)		(5,145)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	112,460	$	51,227	$	163,687

Accumulated depreciation
Balance as of January 1, 2024	(34,291)		(40,537)		(74,828)
Depreciation expense	(11,420)		(1,815)		(13,235)
Depreciation expense capitalized to inventory	—		(316)		(316)
Cancellations	2,913		1,068		3,981



Effect of foreign currency exchange differences	1,319		141		1,460
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	(41,479)	$	(41,459)	$	(82,938)

Carrying amount as of June 30, 2024	$	70,981	$	9,768	$	80,749

Amounts related to leases recognized in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Loss and Comprehensive Loss are as follows:


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024	2023
Income from sub-leasing right-of-use assets	1,132	527
Expense relating to short-term leases	(269)	(495)
Expense relating to lease of low value assets	(4)	(6)

Interest expense on leases	(3,706)	(2,166)

The current and non-current portion of the Group’s lease liabilities are as follows:


	As of June 30, 2024		As of December, 31, 2023
Current lease liability	16,857		19,547
Current lease liabilities - related parties	15,039		10,628
Non-current lease liability	43,248		54,439
Non-current lease liabilities - related parties	32,918		42,634
Total	$	108,062	$	127,248

Expected future lease payments to be made to satisfy the Group’s lease liabilities are as follows:


	As of June 30, 2024	As of December, 31, 2023
Within 1 year	34,990	31,627
Between 1 and 2 years	32,986	36,225
Between 2 and 3 years	28,220	31,487
Between 3 and 4 years	13,291	19,785


Between 4 and 5 years	9,943		11,463
Later than 5 years	12,035		15,458
Total	$	131,465	$	146,045

For the six months ended June 30, 2024, total cash outflows for leases, inclusive of interest paid, amounted to $16,240.

Polestar Group as Lessor

As a lessor, revenue recognized from operating leases is as follows:


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024	2023
Vehicle leasing revenue	11,566	7,493


	Vehicles under operating leases
Acquisition cost
Balance as of January 1, 2024	141,448
Reclassification from inventory	43,503

Reclassification to inventory	(42,380)
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences	(4,716)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	137,855
Accumulated depreciation
Balance as of January 1, 2024	(73,517)

Reclassification to inventory	5,930
Depreciation expense	(2,189)

Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences	1,099
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	(68,677)
Carrying amount as of June 30, 2024	$	69,178

Net loss per share

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Earnings per share [abstract]

Net loss per share

Note 7 - Net loss per share

The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023:


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024	2023
		(Restated)
	Class A and B Common
Net loss attributable to common shareholders	(539,485)	(340,830)
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted	2,110,214	2,109,952

Net loss per share (in ones):
Basic and diluted	(0.26)	(0.16)

The following table presents shares that were not included in the calculation of diluted loss per share as their effects would have been antidilutive for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023:


			For the six months ended June 30,
			2024			2023


		(Restated)
Earn-out Shares	158,177,609	158,177,609
Class C-1 Shares	20,499,965	20,499,965
Class C-2 Shares	4,500,000	4,500,000
PSUs	5,084,454	2,326,794
RSUs	11,752,934	708,968
Marketing consulting services agreement	—	62,500

RSAs	410,746	—
Total antidilutive shares	200,425,708	186,275,836

Intangible assets and goodwill

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Intangible Assets [Abstract]

Intangible assets and goodwill

Note 8 - Intangible assets and goodwill

The following table depicts the split between Polestar Group’s intangible assets, goodwill and trademarks:


	As of June 30, 2024		As of December, 31, 2023
Intangible assets	1,410,432		1,362,281
Goodwill and trademarks	47,767		50,448
Total	$	1,458,199	$	1,412,729

Intangible assets were as follows:


	Internally developed IP		Software		Acquired IP		Total
Acquisition cost
Balance as of January 1, 2024	312,945		11,380		1,835,718		2,160,043
Additions1	79,050		356		60,768		140,174





Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences	(16,685)		(842)		(85,159)		(102,686)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	375,310	$	10,894	$	1,811,327	$	2,197,531
Accumulated amortization and impairment
Balance as of January 1, 2024	(18,894)		(1,548)		(777,320)		(797,762)
Amortization expense	—		(689)		(3,166)		(3,855)




Amortization capitalized into inventory	(299)		—		(11,298)		(11,597)
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences	1,027		104		24,984		26,115
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	(18,166)	$	(2,133)	$	(766,800)	$	(787,099)

Carrying amount as of January 1, 2024	$	294,051	$	9,832	$	1,058,398	$	1,362,281
Carrying amount as of June 30, 2024	$	357,144	$	8,761	$	1,044,527	$	1,410,432

Changes to the carrying amount of goodwill and trademarks during the period were as follows:


	Goodwill		Trademarks		Total
Balance as of January 1, 2024	48,061		2,387		50,448

Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences	(2,554)		(127)		(2,681)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	45,507	$	2,260	$	47,767

Property, plant and equipment

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Property, plant and equipment [abstract]

Subclassifications of assets, liabilities and equities [abstract]

Note 9 - Property, plant, and equipment

Property, plant and equipment was as follows:


	Buildings and land		Machinery and equipment		Machinery under development		Total
Acquisition Cost





Balance as of January 1, 2024	$	8,916	$	180,945	$	94,142	$	284,003
Additions1	2,732		71,867		186,296		260,895
Divestments and disposals	—		(70)		—		(70)
Reclassifications	1,962		58,017		(59,979)		—


Effect of foreign currency exchange differences	(269)		(6,002)		(2,611)		(8,882)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	13,341	$	304,757	$	217,848	$	535,946
Depreciation and impairment
Balance as of January 1, 2024	(2,709)		(62,043)		(602)		(65,354)
Depreciation expense	(1,287)		(1,805)		—		(3,092)
Depreciation capitalized into inventory	—		(2,398)		—		(2,398)
Divestments and disposals	—		34		—		34



Effect of foreign currency exchange differences	69		1,144		—		1,213
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	(3,927)	$	(65,068)	$	(602)	$	(69,597)


Carrying amount at June 30, 2024	$	9,414	$	239,689	$	217,246	$	466,349

Financial instruments

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Financial instruments

Note 10 - Financial instruments

The following table shows the carrying amounts of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value through profit and loss on a recurring basis:


	As of June 30, 2024								As of December, 31, 2023
Assets measured at FVTPL	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Other investments	—		—		2,285		2,285		—		—		2,414		2,414
Total financial assets measured at FVTPL	$	—	$	—	$	2,285	$	2,285	$	—	$	—	$	2,414	$	2,414

Earn-out rights	—		—		15,764		15,764		—		—		155,402		155,402
Class C-1 Shares	2,870		—		—		2,870		4,920		—		—		4,920
Class C-2 Shares	—		630		—		630		—		1,080		—		1,080
Total financial liabilities measured at FVTPL	$	2,870	$	630	$	15,764	$	19,264	$	4,920	$	1,080	$	155,402	$	161,402

Refer to Note 1 - Overview and basis of preparation and Note 11 - Reverse recapitalization for more details on the financial liabilities related to the Class C Shares and the Earn-out rights.

The following table shows the carrying amounts of financial assets and liabilities measured at amortized cost:


	As of June 30, 2024		As of December, 31, 2023
Cash and cash equivalents	668,911		768,927
Trade receivables and trade receivables - related parties	184,065		187,231
Accrued income - related parties	34,135		152,605
Other current receivables and other current receivables - related parties	18,056		25,920
Other non-current receivables	6,091		5,378
Restricted cash	21,490		1,834
Total financial assets measured at amortized cost	$	932,748	$	1,141,895



Current and non-current liabilities to credit institutions	2,484,108		2,023,582
Other non-current interest bearing liabilities and other non-current interest bearing liabilities - related parties	1,427,304		1,463,683
Accrued expenses and accrued expenses - related parties	559,463		593,056
Trade payables and trade payables - related parties	482,383		368,145
Interest-bearing current liabilities1 and interest bearing current liabilities - related parties	119,121		87,879
Other non-current liabilities and other non-current liabilities - related parties	11,571		73,149
Current and non-current liabilities related to repurchase commitments	117,751		58,482
Advance payments from customers	18,694		16,415
Other current liabilities and other current liabilities - related parties	64,142		606
Total financial liabilities measured at amortized cost	$	5,284,537	$	4,684,997

The following table shows the maturities for the Group’s non-derivative financial assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2024:


	Due within 1 year		Due between 1 and 5 years		Due beyond 5 years		Total
Trade receivables and trade receivables - related parties	184,065		0		0		184,065
Accrued income - related parties	34,135		—		—		34,135
Other current receivables and other current receivables - related parties	18,056		—		—		18,056
Other non-current receivables	—		6,091		—		6,091
Restricted cash	—		21,490		—		21,490
Total financial assets	$	236,256	$	27,581	$	—	$	263,837

Current and non-current liabilities to credit institutions	1,536,819		947,289		—		2,484,108
Other non-current interest bearing liabilities and other non-current interest bearing liabilities - related parties	—		1,406,713		20,591		1,427,304
Accrued expenses and accrued expenses - related parties	559,463		—		—		559,463
Trade payables and trade payables - related parties	482,383		—		—		482,383
Interest-bearing current liabilities and interest bearing current liabilities - related parties	119,121		—		—		119,121
Other non-current liabilities and other non-current liabilities - related parties	—		11,571		—		11,571
Current and non-current liabilities related to repurchase commitments	81,202		36,549		—		117,751
Advance payments from customers	18,694		—		—		18,694
Other current liabilities and other current liabilities - related parties	64,142		—		—		64,142
Total financial liabilities	$	2,861,824	$	2,402,122	$	20,591	$	5,284,537

Reverse recapitalization

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Reverse Recapitalization [Abstract]

Reverse recapitalization

Note 11 - Reverse recapitalization

Class C Shares


	As of June 30, 2024			As of December, 31, 2023
	Liability Fair Value		Number Outstanding	Liability Fair Value		Number Outstanding
Class C-1 Shares	2,870		20,499,965	4,920		20,499,965
Class C-2 Shares	630		4,500,000	1,080		4,500,000
Total	$	3,500	24,999,965	$	6,000	24,999,965


	Class C-1 Shares
As of January 1, 2024	4,920

Changes in fair value measurement	(2,050)
As of June 30, 2024	$	2,870


	Class C-2 Shares
As of January 1, 2024	1,080

Changes in fair value measurement	(450)
As of June 30, 2024	$	630

The fair value change for the Class C Shares are as follows:


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024		2023
Fair value change - Class C-1 Shares	2,050		3,775
Fair value change - Class C-2 Shares	450		6,975
Fair value change - Class C Shares	$	2,500	$	10,750

Earn-out rights

Refer to Note 2 - Significant accounting policies and judgements for further details on the valuation methodology utilized to determine the fair value of the earn-out.


	Earn out rights
As of January 1, 2024	155,402

Changes in fair value measurement	(139,638)
As of June 30, 2024	$	15,764

The fair value change for the Earn-out rights are as follows:


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024	2023
Fair value change - Earn-out rights	139,638	232,995

Inventories

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Inventories [Abstract]

Inventories

Note 12 - Inventories

The Group’s inventory primarily consisted of vehicles as follows:


	As of June 30, 2024		As of December, 31, 2023
Finished goods and goods for resale	805,540		1,070,897
Work in progress	31		32
Provision for impairment	(79,554)		(131,570)
Total	$	726,017	$	939,359

Inventories have been pledged as security for liabilities. Refer to Note 14 - Liabilities to credit institutions for further details.

Equity

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Disclosure of classes of share capital [abstract]

Equity

Note 13 - Equity

Changes in the Group's equity during the six months ended June 30, 2024 were as follows:


	Class A Shares	Class B Shares	Share capital		Other contributed capital
Balance as of January 1, 2024	467,976,748	1,642,233,575	(21,168)		(3,615,187)
Conversion from Class B to Class A	1,592,341,000	(1,592,341,000)	—		—
Equity-settled share-based payment	144,249	—	(1)		(6,074)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	2,060,461,997	49,892,575	$	(21,169)	$	(3,621,261)

The following instruments of the Parent were issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2024:

•2,060,461,997 Class A Shares with a par value of $0.01, of which 1,675,841,017 were owned by related parties;

•49,892,575 Class B Shares with a par value of $0.01, of which all were owned by related parties;

•20,499,965 Class C-1 Shares with a par value of $0.10;

•4,500,000 Class C-2 Shares with a par value of $0.10; and

•50,000 Redeemable Preferred Shares with a par value of GBP 1.00.

Liabilities to credit institutions

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Borrowing costs [abstract]

Liabilities to credit institutions

Note 14 - Liabilities to credit institutions

The carrying amount of Polestar Group’s liabilities to credit institutions as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 are as follows:


Liabilities to credit institutions	As of June 30, 2024		As of December 31, 2023
Current
Working capital loans from banks	1,438,390		1,923,755
Floorplan facilities	84,445		87,039
Sale-leaseback facilities	13,984		12,788
Total	$	1,536,819	$	2,023,582
Non Current
Syndicated loan from banks	947,289		—
Total	$	947,289	$	—

Total liabilities to credit institutions	$	2,484,108	$	2,023,582

The Group has the following current working capital loans outstanding as of June 30, 2024:

Currency

Term

Security

Interest

Nominal amount in respective currency (thousands)

Amount in USD (thousands)

USD

August 2023 - August 2024

Unsecured1

3 month SOFR2 plus 2.3% settled quarterly

402,000

USD

August 2023 - August 2024

Secured3

12 month SOFR2 plus 0.9%, settled quarterly

320,000

USD

August 2023 - August 2024

Unsecured1

12 month SOFR2 plus 1.1%, settled quarterly

82,000

CNY

September 2023 - September 2024

Unsecured1

12 month LPR4 plus 0.25%, settled quarterly

500,000

68,830

USD

September 2023 - September 2024

Unsecured1

12 month SOFR2 plus 0.65%, settled quarterly

118,000

USD

September 2023 - September 2024

Secured3

12 month SOFR2 plus 1.11% settled semi-annual

100,000

CNY

October 2023 - October 2024

Unsecured1

12 month LPR4 plus 0.15% settled quarterly

200,000

27,532

CNY

December 2023 - December 2024

Unsecured1

12 month LPR4 plus 1.05% settled quarterly

92,000

12,665

USD

December 2023 - December 2024

Secured3

12 month SOFR2 plus 1.7%, settled semi-annual

133,000

EUR

February 2024 - February 2025

Secured5

3 month EURIBOR6 plus 2.3% and an arrangement fee of 0.15%, settled quarterly

38,290

40,971

CNY

March 2024 - March 2025

Unsecured1

12 month LPR4 plus 1.05% settled quarterly

177,000

24,366

CNY

April 2024 - April 2025

Unsecured7

12 month LPR4 plus 0.35% settled quarterly

473,000

65,113

CNY

May 2024 - May 2025

Unsecured7

12 month LPR4 plus 0.35% settled quarterly

88,000

12,114

CNY

June 2024 - June 2025

Unsecured1

12 month LPR4 plus 0.85% settled quarterly

231,000

31,799

Total

1,438,390

1 - Letters of keep well from both Volvo Cars and Geely.

2 - Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR").

3 - Secured by Geely.

4 - People’s Bank of China (“PBOC”) Loan Prime Rate (“LPR").

6 - Euro Interbank Offered Rate (“EURIBOR”).

7 - Letter of comfort from Geely.

The Group has the following non-current syndicated loan from banks outstanding as of June 30, 2024:

Currency

Term

Security

Interest

Nominal amount in
respective currency
(thousands)

Amount in
USD
(thousands)

USD

February 2024 - February 2027

Unsecured1,2

3 month Term SOFR3 plus 3.35%

583,489

EUR

February 2024 - February 2027

Unsecured1,2

3 month EURIBOR4 plus 2.85%

340,000

363,800

Total

947,289

1 - Letter of keep well from Geely and letters of comfort from Volvo Cars and PSD.

2 - The loans are secured by interest reserve accounts pledges with an aggregate of three months interest deposited. The Group had a restricted cash balance of $21,490 as of June 30, 2024.

3 - Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("Term SOFR").

4 - Euro Interbank Offered Rate (“EURIBOR”).

the entirety of the debt will become current. Discussions have been initiated with certain of the lending banks to seek a waiver of those covenant requirements in a timely fashion.

Floorplan facilities

Sale-leaseback facilities

Related party transactions

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Related party transactions

Note 15 - Related party transactions

Financing

Working capital loans

Convertible instruments

Other financing instruments

Sale of goods, services and other

The total revenue recognized for each related party was as follows:


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024		2023
			(Restated)
Polestar Times Technology	61,650		—
Volvo Cars	56,642		55,311
Ziklo Bank AB1	44,042		21,754
Geely	—		1,245
Total	$	162,334	$	78,310

1- In March 2024, Volvofinans Bank AB changed its name to Ziklo Bank AB.

Purchases of goods, services and other

The total purchases of goods services and other for each related party were as follows:


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024		2023
			(Restated)
Volvo Cars	448,046		1,229,939
Geely	186,650		84,815
Renault Korea Motors Co. Ltd	5,135		—
Zheijiang C2M Digital Technology Co. Ltd	815		—
Ziklo Bank AB	230		312
Wuxi InfiMotion Propulsion Technology Co., Ltd.,	17		6,922
Total	$	640,893	$	1,321,988

Cost of R&D and intellectual property

Amounts due to related parties

Amounts due to related parties were as follows:


Trade payables - related parties, accrued expenses, and other current liabilities - related parties	As of June 30, 2024	As of December, 31, 2023
Volvo Cars	415,470	498,729
Geely	205,144	224,808
Ziklo Bank AB	1,115	2,022


Volvo Car Financial Services UK	5,332		751
Polestar Times Technology	4,028		—
Total	$	631,089	$	726,310


Interest bearing current liabilities - related parties	As of June 30, 2024		As of December, 31, 2023
Volvo Car Financial Services UK	49,340		35,748
Geely	23,669		21,956
Volvo Cars	29,255		10,628

Total	$	102,264	$	68,332


Other non-current interest-bearing liabilities - related parties	As of June 30, 2024		As of December, 31, 2023
Volvo Cars	1,030,022		1,049,463
Geely	354,034		359,781


Total	$	1,384,056	$	1,409,244

The Group’s interest expense from related parties is as follows:


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024	2023
		(Restated)
Interest expense - related parties	72,362	25,782

Amounts due from related parties

Amounts due from related parties were as follows:


Trade receivables - related parties, accrued income - related parties, and other current assets - related parties	As of June 30, 2024		As of December, 31, 2023
Geely	43,033		43,951
Volvo Cars	19,088		168,523
Ziklo Bank AB	5,126		954
Wuhan Lotus Cars Co., LTD.	4,336		5,630
Polestar Times Technology	2,688		4,149
Volvo Car Financial Services UK	1,010		—
Total	$	75,281	$	223,207

Commitments and contingencies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Disclosure of contingent liabilities [abstract]

Commitments and contingencies

Note 16 - Commitments and contingencies

Commitments


	Total		Less than 1 year		Between 1-5 years		After 5 years
PS2 battery purchase volume commitments	91,193		44,566		46,627		—
Logistics service commitments	38,364		38,364		—		—
PS3 and PS4 purchase volume commitments	226,954		226,954		—		—
PS4 sales volume commitments	80,885		13,483		60,069		7,333

Total	$	437,396	$	323,367	$	106,696	$	7,333

Contingencies

Subsequent events	6 Months Ended
Subsequent events	Jun. 30, 2024
Events After Reporting Period [Abstract]
Subsequent events	Note 17 - Subsequent events Management has evaluated events subsequent to June 30, 2024 and through September 30, 2024, the date these Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements were authorized for issuance by the Board of Directors. The following events which occurred subsequent to June 30, 2024 merited disclosure in these Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Management determined that no adjustments were required to the figures presented as a result of these events. On August 2, 2024, Polestar entered into an 11-month working capital loan for $196,000 with China CITIC Bank Hangzhou Branch. This loan carries an interest rate of 7.8% per annum due quarterly. This loan benefits from letters of comfort from Geely. On August 20, 2024, Polestar entered into a 12-month revolving credit facility with Standard Chartered Bank (Hong Kong) Limited ("SCB") for an aggregate principal amount of up to $300,000. Each draw of this facility carries interest at a rate of the 3-month Term SOFR plus 1% per annum, 12-month Term SOFR plus 1.2% per annum, or otherwise as mutually agreed at each draw down. All draws under this revolving credit facility are secured by Geely. On August 23, 2024 and September 9, 2024, Polestar borrowed $100,000 and $100,000, respectively, under the facility. Both draws carry interest at the 12-month Term SOFR plus 1.2% per annum and have a repayment period of 12 months. On September 27, 2024, Polestar borrowed $100,000 under the facility. The draw carries interest at the 1-month Term SOFR plus 1% per annum and has a repayment period of 7 days, as mutually agreed upon by both parties. On August 21, 2024, Polestar entered into an amended facilities agreement (“Second Amended Agreement”) with Volvo Cars pertaining to the credit agreement signed on November 3, 2022 (“Original Agreement”) and amended on November 8, 2023 (“Amended Agreement”). Under the Original Agreement, Polestar had $800,000 in borrowing capacity and under the Amended Agreement, Polestar was provided an additional $200,000 line of credit. As of the date these financial statements were ready for issuance, Polestar had drawn down on all $1,000,000 of available credit. The Second Amended Agreement extends the loan’s maturity date from June 30, 2027 to December 29, 2028. Interest will be calculated using the floating 6-month SOFR rate plus 4.9% per annum. On August 27, 2024, Polestar entered into a 12-month working capital loan for $320,000 with PingAn Bank. This loan carries an interest rate of 12-month SOFR plus 0.55% due quarterly. This loan is secured by Geely. On August 28, 2024, Polestar entered into a 12-month working capital loan for $82,000 with PingAn Bank. This loan carries an interest rate of 12-month SOFR plus 0.55% due quarterly. This loan benefits from letters of comfort from Geely. On September 6, 2024, Polestar and Volvo Car USA LLC, a Volvo Cars subsidiary, entered into an agreement for the manufacturing of Polestar 3 vehicles in Volvo Cars' Charleston plant. Under this agreement, Polestar is committed to purchase certain volumes of Polestar 3 vehicles between 2024 and 2031. In the event that Polestar´s actual volumes purchased during the production period are lower than the agreed volumes, Polestar is obligated to compensate Volvo Cars for fixed costs related to the lost capacity. On September 16, 2024, Polestar entered into a 12-month revolving green trade facility with Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A., Hong Kong Branch ("BBVA") for an aggregate principal amount of up to $150,000, available for drawdown in EUR or USD. All draws under this revolving credit facility are secured by Geely. On September 19, 2024, Polestar borrowed $100,000 under the facility. This draw carries interest at the 12-month Term SOFR plus 1.1% and has a repayment period of 12 months. On September 27, 2024, Polestar borrowed an additional $50,000 under the facility. This draw carries interest at the 1-month Term SOFR plus 1.1% and has a repayment period of 7 days, as mutually agreed upon by both parties. On September 19, 2024, Polestar entered into a 6-month working capital loan for $100,000 with China CITIC Bank Hangzhou Branch. This loan carries an interest rate of 6.9% per annum due monthly. This loan is secured by Geely. On September 26, 2024, Polestar entered into a 9-month working capital loan for $104,000 with China CITIC Bank Hangzhou Branch. This loan carries an interest rate of 7.8% per annum due quarterly. This loan benefits from letters of comfort from Geely.

Restatement of prior period financial statements

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Disclosure of initial application of standards or interpretations [abstract]

Restatement of prior period financial statements

Note 18 - Restatement of prior period financial statements

(i) Inventories

(ii) Accruals and Deferrals

(iii) Capitalization of expenses

(iv) Other - Reclassifications

(v) Deferred Taxes and Income Taxes

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Loss and Comprehensive Loss for the six months ended June 30, 2023


Particulars	Originally Reported Amounts		Adjustments		Restated Amounts		Restatement Reference
Revenue	1,231,265		6,370		1,237,635		(i),(ii),(iv)
Cost of sales	(1,213,654)		(2,366)		(1,216,020)		(i),(ii),(iii),(iv)
Gross profit	$	17,611	$	4,004	$	21,615
Selling, general and administrative expense	(448,632)		(25,975)		(474,607)		(i),(ii),(iv)
Research and development expense	(81,311)		(1,739)		(83,050)		(ii),(iii)
Other operating expense, net	38,581		(22)		38,559		(i)

Operating loss	$	(473,751)	$	(23,732)	$	(497,483)
Finance income	12,489		—		12,489
Finance expense	(90,516)		(2,140)		(92,656)		(i),(iv)
Fair value change - Earn-out rights	232,995		—		232,995


Fair value change - Class C Shares	10,750		—		10,750
Loss before income taxes	$	(308,033)	$	(25,872)	$	(333,905)
Income tax expense	(5,002)		(1,923)		(6,925)		(iv),(v)
Net loss	$	(313,035)	$	(27,795)	$	(340,830)
Net loss per share (in U.S. dollars)
Class A - Basic and Diluted	(0.15)		(0.01)		(0.16)
Class B - Basic and Diluted	(0.15)		(0.01)		(0.16)

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Loss

Net loss	(313,035)		(27,795)		(340,830)
Other comprehensive income:
Items that may be subsequently reclassified to the Consolidated Statement of Loss:
Exchange rate differences from translation of foreign operations	(26,735)		(923)		(27,658)		(i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Total other comprehensive income	$	(26,735)	$	(923)	$	(27,658)
Total comprehensive loss	$	(339,770)	$	(28,718)	$	(368,488)

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2023


Particulars	Originally Reported Amounts		Adjustments		Restated Amounts		Restatement Reference
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss	(313,035)		(27,795)		(340,830)		(i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash flows:
Depreciation and amortization	57,074		(3,870)		53,204		(i), (ii), (iii)
Warranties	36,003		(1,384)		34,619		(i)
Impairment of inventory	11,795		—		11,795

Finance income	(12,489)		—		(12,489)
Finance expense	90,516		2,140		92,656		(i), (iv)
Fair value change - Earn-out rights	(232,995)		—		(232,995)
Fair value change - Class C Shares	(10,750)		—		(10,750)

Income tax expense	5,002		1,923		6,925		(iv), (v)


Disposals and derecognition of property plant and equipment and intangible assets	—		2,070		2,070		(iv)

Other provisions	—		14,873		14,873		(iv)
Unrealised Exchange Gain/Loss Operating Payables	—		(5,022)		(5,022)		(iv)
Other non-cash expense and income	19,252		(11,855)		7,397		(iv)
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Inventories	(206,373)		17,172		(189,201)		(i), (iii), (iv)
Contract liabilities	24,673		(3,510)		21,163		(i), (ii), (iv)
Trade receivables, prepaid expenses and other assets	72,372		(3,684)		68,688		(i), (iv)
Trade payables, accrued expenses and other liabilities	(154,206)		19,440		(134,766)		(i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Interest received	12,489		—		12,489
Interest paid	(48,667)		—		(48,667)
Taxes paid	(11,401)		—		(11,401)
Cash used for operating activities	$	(660,740)	$	498	$	(660,242)


Cash flows from investing activities
Additions to property, plant and equipment	(42,948)		—		(42,948)
Additions to intangible assets	(239,850)		1,920		(237,930)		(iii)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment	1,710		—		1,710



Cash used for investing activities	$	(281,088)	$	1,920	$	(279,168)
Cash flows from financing activities

Proceeds from short-term borrowings	1,671,964		—		1,671,964

Principal repayments of short-term borrowings	(598,953)		—		(598,953)
Principal repayments of lease liabilities	(9,045)		(2,526)		(11,571)		(i), (iv)


Cash provided by financing activities	$	1,063,966	$	(2,526)	$	1,061,440
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(38,603)		108		(38,495)		(i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	$	83,535	$	—	$	83,535
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period	$	973,877	$	—	$	973,877
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period	$	1,057,412	$	—	$	1,057,412

Significant accounting policies and judgements (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Disclosure Of List Of Accounting Policies [Abstract]

General information

As of June 30, 2024, related parties owned 81.8% of the Group. The remaining 18.2% of the Group was owned by external investors.

Basis of preparation

This interim report is prepared in the presentation currency, U.S. Dollar (“USD”). All amounts are stated in thousands of USD (“TUSD”), unless otherwise stated.

Periods discussed prior to June 23, 2022 represent the operations of Polestar Automotive Holding Limited and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Going concern

During the six months ended June 30, 2024, Polestar demonstrated efforts towards achieving liquidity targets in management's 2024-2028 business plan by:

•Securing long-term financing support from credit institutions; and

•Entering into multiple short-term working capital loan arrangements with banking partners in China.

Adoption of new and revised standards

Effects of new and amended IFRS

New and amended IFRS issued by not yet effective

Presentation, basis of consolidation, segment reporting, and foreign currency and restatement

Presentation, basis of consolidation, segment reporting, and foreign currency

Restatement

Accounting policies and use of estimates and judgements

Earnings per share


POS Class			EPIS Denominator Adjustment Method
Unvested equity-settled RSUs and RSAs1			Treasury share2
Class C Shares			Treasury share
Earn-out Rights and PSUs			The number of shares issuable if the reporting date were the end of the contingency period
Convertible Credit Facilities with Volvo Cars and Geely			If the instrument is converted, the number of shares issued on the date of the conversion

1 - Restricted Stock Awards ("RSAs") are related to the Group's employee stock purchase plan implemented in January 2024.

Financial instruments

Trade receivables factoring

Fair value measurement

Valuation methodology for the fair value of the financial liability related to the Class C-2 Shares

Valuation methodology for the fair value of the financial liability related to the Former Parent’s contingent earn-out rights

Revenue (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Revenue [abstract]

Schedule of Revenue Disaggregation


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024		2023
			(Restated)
Sales of vehicles1	883,621		1,208,791
Sales of software and performance engineered kits	7,891		11,419
Sales of carbon credits	40		532
Vehicle leasing revenue	11,566		7,493
Other revenue	2,695		9,400
Total	$	905,813	$	1,237,635

1 - Revenue related to sale of vehicles are inclusive of extended and connected services recognized over time.

Schedule of Contract Liabilities

Contract liabilities


	Sales generated obligation		Deferred revenue - extended service		Deferred revenue - connected service		Deferred revenue - operating leases & other		Total
Balance as of January 1, 2024	37,034		47,564		39,565		50,962		175,125
Provided for during the period	100,974		13,586		4,687		4,212		123,459
Settled during the period	(76,029)		—		—		—		(76,029)
Released during the period	—		(12,821)		(3,049)		(29,445)		(45,315)
Translation differences and other	(767)		(1,316)		(2,117)		(968)		(5,168)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	61,212	$	47,013	$	39,086	$	24,761	$	172,072
of which current	57,434		23,121		6,389		23,031		109,975
of which non-current	3,778		23,892		32,697		1,730		62,097

Geographic information (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Geographic Areas [Abstract]

Disclosure of Revenue from external customers and non-current assets by geographical location

The following tables show the breakdown of the Group’s revenue from external customers and non-current assets by geographical location where the Polestar company recognizing the revenue is located:


	For the six months ended June 30,
Revenue	2024		2023
			(Restated)
United Kingdom	143,916		286,812
Sweden	141,365		169,416
USA	128,202		225,002
Germany	75,410		118,961
China	66,469		19,848
Norway	56,162		32,024
Belgium	46,981		47,490
Netherlands	42,456		50,171
Canada	41,413		62,130
Denmark	41,172		27,836
Australia	36,786		48,163
Korea	13,908		19,469
Switzerland	12,973		19,290
Finland	12,656		24,184
Italy	4,118		28,051
Other regions1	41,826		58,788
Total	$	905,813	$	1,237,635

1 - Revenue: Other regions primarily consist of Spain, Austria, and Luxembourg in June 2024.Other regions primarily consist of Austria, Spain and Ireland in 2023.


	As of June 30, 2024		As of December, 31, 2023
Non-current assets2
Sweden	1,295,171		1,239,023
China	513,455		448,361
United Kingdom	36,439		32,342
Germany	36,233		27,058
USA	149,354		5,017
Other regions3	43,823		45,726
Total	$	2,074,475	$	1,797,527

2 - Non-current assets: excludes financial assets, Deferred tax assets, Other non-current assets, and Other investments.

3 - Other regions primarily consist of Belgium, Australia, and Switzerland in June 2024 and Switzerland, Australia, and Belgium and Spain in 2023

Investment in associates (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Disclosure of detailed information about investment property [abstract]

Disclosure Of Activity Related Of Investment

The following table summarizes the activity related to Polestar's investment in Polestar Times Technology:


Balance as of January 1, 2024	—
Investment in Polestar Times Technology	4,900
Elimination of effects of downstream sales	(550)
Recognized share of losses in Polestar Times Technology	(4,350)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	—

The following table summarizes the activity related to Polestar's unrecognized losses in Polestar Times Technology:


Unrecognized balance as of January 1, 2024	(1,407)
Unrecognized effects of downstream sales	(6,386)
Unrecognized share of losses in Polestar Times Technology	(29,231)
Unrecognized balance as of June 30, 2024	$	(37,024)

Disclosure Of Financial Information Own Financial Statements

The following table provides summarized financial information from Polestar Times Technology's financial statements and a reconciliation to the carrying amount of Polestar's investment:


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024
Polestar's percentage ownership interest	46.2		%
Non-current assets	44,759
Current assets	60,806
Non-current liabilities	(21,379)
Current liabilities	(132,663)
Net liabilities	$	(48,477)
Less capital reserves	(29,492)
Adjusted Net liabilities	$	(77,969)
The Group's share of net liabilities	(36,021)
Elimination of effects of downstream sales	(550)
Unrecognized effects of downstream sales	6,386
Unrecognized losses in Polestar Times Technology	29,231
Other reconciling items	954
Carrying amount of the Group's investment in Polestar Times Technology	$	—

Revenue	44,490
Net loss	(70,851)
Other comprehensive loss	(1,836)
Total comprehensive loss	(72,687)
The Group's share of losses in Polestar Times Technology	$	(33,581)

Leases (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Lease liabilities [abstract]

Disclosure of additional information about leasing activities for lessee

The following table depicts the changes in the Group’s right-of-use assets, which are included within Property, plant, and equipment:


	Buildings and land		Machinery and equipment		Total
Acquisition cost
Balance as of January 1, 2024	122,613		50,433		173,046
Addition	4,768		3,446		8,214
Cancellations	(10,858)		(1,282)		(12,140)
Remeasurement	—		(288)		(288)


Effect of foreign currency exchange differences	(4,063)		(1,082)		(5,145)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	112,460	$	51,227	$	163,687

Accumulated depreciation
Balance as of January 1, 2024	(34,291)		(40,537)		(74,828)
Depreciation expense	(11,420)		(1,815)		(13,235)
Depreciation expense capitalized to inventory	—		(316)		(316)
Cancellations	2,913		1,068		3,981



Effect of foreign currency exchange differences	1,319		141		1,460
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	(41,479)	$	(41,459)	$	(82,938)

Carrying amount as of June 30, 2024	$	70,981	$	9,768	$	80,749

Amounts related to leases recognized in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Loss and Comprehensive Loss are as follows:


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024	2023
Income from sub-leasing right-of-use assets	1,132	527
Expense relating to short-term leases	(269)	(495)
Expense relating to lease of low value assets	(4)	(6)

Interest expense on leases	(3,706)	(2,166)

The current and non-current portion of the Group’s lease liabilities are as follows:


	As of June 30, 2024		As of December, 31, 2023
Current lease liability	16,857		19,547
Current lease liabilities - related parties	15,039		10,628
Non-current lease liability	43,248		54,439
Non-current lease liabilities - related parties	32,918		42,634
Total	$	108,062	$	127,248

As a lessor, revenue recognized from operating leases is as follows:


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024	2023
Vehicle leasing revenue	11,566	7,493

The following table depicts the changes in the Group’s vehicles under operating leases:


	Vehicles under operating leases
Acquisition cost
Balance as of January 1, 2024	141,448
Reclassification from inventory	43,503

Reclassification to inventory	(42,380)
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences	(4,716)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	137,855
Accumulated depreciation
Balance as of January 1, 2024	(73,517)

Reclassification to inventory	5,930
Depreciation expense	(2,189)

Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences	1,099
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	(68,677)
Carrying amount as of June 30, 2024	$	69,178

Disclosure of maturity analysis of operating lease payments

Expected future lease payments to be made to satisfy the Group’s lease liabilities are as follows:


	As of June 30, 2024	As of December, 31, 2023
Within 1 year	34,990	31,627
Between 1 and 2 years	32,986	36,225
Between 2 and 3 years	28,220	31,487
Between 3 and 4 years	13,291	19,785


Between 4 and 5 years	9,943		11,463
Later than 5 years	12,035		15,458
Total	$	131,465	$	146,045

Net loss per share (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Earnings per share [abstract]

Earnings per share

The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023:


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024	2023
		(Restated)
	Class A and B Common
Net loss attributable to common shareholders	(539,485)	(340,830)
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted	2,110,214	2,109,952

Net loss per share (in ones):
Basic and diluted	(0.26)	(0.16)

The following table presents shares that were not included in the calculation of diluted loss per share as their effects would have been antidilutive for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023:


			For the six months ended June 30,
			2024			2023


		(Restated)
Earn-out Shares	158,177,609	158,177,609
Class C-1 Shares	20,499,965	20,499,965
Class C-2 Shares	4,500,000	4,500,000
PSUs	5,084,454	2,326,794
RSUs	11,752,934	708,968
Marketing consulting services agreement	—	62,500

RSAs	410,746	—
Total antidilutive shares	200,425,708	186,275,836

Intangible assets and goodwill (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Intangible Assets [Abstract]

Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill

The following table depicts the split between Polestar Group’s intangible assets, goodwill and trademarks:


	As of June 30, 2024		As of December, 31, 2023
Intangible assets	1,410,432		1,362,281
Goodwill and trademarks	47,767		50,448
Total	$	1,458,199	$	1,412,729

Intangible assets were as follows:


	Internally developed IP		Software		Acquired IP		Total
Acquisition cost
Balance as of January 1, 2024	312,945		11,380		1,835,718		2,160,043
Additions1	79,050		356		60,768		140,174





Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences	(16,685)		(842)		(85,159)		(102,686)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	375,310	$	10,894	$	1,811,327	$	2,197,531
Accumulated amortization and impairment
Balance as of January 1, 2024	(18,894)		(1,548)		(777,320)		(797,762)
Amortization expense	—		(689)		(3,166)		(3,855)




Amortization capitalized into inventory	(299)		—		(11,298)		(11,597)
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences	1,027		104		24,984		26,115
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	(18,166)	$	(2,133)	$	(766,800)	$	(787,099)

Carrying amount as of January 1, 2024	$	294,051	$	9,832	$	1,058,398	$	1,362,281
Carrying amount as of June 30, 2024	$	357,144	$	8,761	$	1,044,527	$	1,410,432

Changes to the carrying amount of goodwill and trademarks during the period were as follows:


	Goodwill		Trademarks		Total
Balance as of January 1, 2024	48,061		2,387		50,448

Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences	(2,554)		(127)		(2,681)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	45,507	$	2,260	$	47,767

Property, plant and equipment (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Property, plant and equipment [abstract]

Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment was as follows:


	Buildings and land		Machinery and equipment		Machinery under development		Total
Acquisition Cost





Balance as of January 1, 2024	$	8,916	$	180,945	$	94,142	$	284,003
Additions1	2,732		71,867		186,296		260,895
Divestments and disposals	—		(70)		—		(70)
Reclassifications	1,962		58,017		(59,979)		—


Effect of foreign currency exchange differences	(269)		(6,002)		(2,611)		(8,882)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	13,341	$	304,757	$	217,848	$	535,946
Depreciation and impairment
Balance as of January 1, 2024	(2,709)		(62,043)		(602)		(65,354)
Depreciation expense	(1,287)		(1,805)		—		(3,092)
Depreciation capitalized into inventory	—		(2,398)		—		(2,398)
Divestments and disposals	—		34		—		34



Effect of foreign currency exchange differences	69		1,144		—		1,213
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	(3,927)	$	(65,068)	$	(602)	$	(69,597)


Carrying amount at June 30, 2024	$	9,414	$	239,689	$	217,246	$	466,349

Financial instruments (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Subclassifications of assets, liabilities and equities [abstract]

Carrying Amount of Financial Assets

The following table shows the carrying amounts of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value through profit and loss on a recurring basis:


	As of June 30, 2024								As of December, 31, 2023
Assets measured at FVTPL	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Other investments	—		—		2,285		2,285		—		—		2,414		2,414
Total financial assets measured at FVTPL	$	—	$	—	$	2,285	$	2,285	$	—	$	—	$	2,414	$	2,414

Earn-out rights	—		—		15,764		15,764		—		—		155,402		155,402
Class C-1 Shares	2,870		—		—		2,870		4,920		—		—		4,920
Class C-2 Shares	—		630		—		630		—		1,080		—		1,080
Total financial liabilities measured at FVTPL	$	2,870	$	630	$	15,764	$	19,264	$	4,920	$	1,080	$	155,402	$	161,402

Carrying Amount of Financial Liabilities

The following table shows the carrying amounts of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value through profit and loss on a recurring basis:


	As of June 30, 2024								As of December, 31, 2023
Assets measured at FVTPL	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Other investments	—		—		2,285		2,285		—		—		2,414		2,414
Total financial assets measured at FVTPL	$	—	$	—	$	2,285	$	2,285	$	—	$	—	$	2,414	$	2,414

Earn-out rights	—		—		15,764		15,764		—		—		155,402		155,402
Class C-1 Shares	2,870		—		—		2,870		4,920		—		—		4,920
Class C-2 Shares	—		630		—		630		—		1,080		—		1,080
Total financial liabilities measured at FVTPL	$	2,870	$	630	$	15,764	$	19,264	$	4,920	$	1,080	$	155,402	$	161,402

Schedule of Maturities for Financial Assets and Liabilities

The following table shows the carrying amounts of financial assets and liabilities measured at amortized cost:


	As of June 30, 2024		As of December, 31, 2023
Cash and cash equivalents	668,911		768,927
Trade receivables and trade receivables - related parties	184,065		187,231
Accrued income - related parties	34,135		152,605
Other current receivables and other current receivables - related parties	18,056		25,920
Other non-current receivables	6,091		5,378
Restricted cash	21,490		1,834
Total financial assets measured at amortized cost	$	932,748	$	1,141,895



Current and non-current liabilities to credit institutions	2,484,108		2,023,582
Other non-current interest bearing liabilities and other non-current interest bearing liabilities - related parties	1,427,304		1,463,683
Accrued expenses and accrued expenses - related parties	559,463		593,056
Trade payables and trade payables - related parties	482,383		368,145
Interest-bearing current liabilities1 and interest bearing current liabilities - related parties	119,121		87,879
Other non-current liabilities and other non-current liabilities - related parties	11,571		73,149
Current and non-current liabilities related to repurchase commitments	117,751		58,482
Advance payments from customers	18,694		16,415
Other current liabilities and other current liabilities - related parties	64,142		606
Total financial liabilities measured at amortized cost	$	5,284,537	$	4,684,997

The following table shows the maturities for the Group’s non-derivative financial assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2024:


	Due within 1 year		Due between 1 and 5 years		Due beyond 5 years		Total
Trade receivables and trade receivables - related parties	184,065		0		0		184,065
Accrued income - related parties	34,135		—		—		34,135
Other current receivables and other current receivables - related parties	18,056		—		—		18,056
Other non-current receivables	—		6,091		—		6,091
Restricted cash	—		21,490		—		21,490
Total financial assets	$	236,256	$	27,581	$	—	$	263,837

Current and non-current liabilities to credit institutions	1,536,819		947,289		—		2,484,108
Other non-current interest bearing liabilities and other non-current interest bearing liabilities - related parties	—		1,406,713		20,591		1,427,304
Accrued expenses and accrued expenses - related parties	559,463		—		—		559,463
Trade payables and trade payables - related parties	482,383		—		—		482,383
Interest-bearing current liabilities and interest bearing current liabilities - related parties	119,121		—		—		119,121
Other non-current liabilities and other non-current liabilities - related parties	—		11,571		—		11,571
Current and non-current liabilities related to repurchase commitments	81,202		36,549		—		117,751
Advance payments from customers	18,694		—		—		18,694
Other current liabilities and other current liabilities - related parties	64,142		—		—		64,142
Total financial liabilities	$	2,861,824	$	2,402,122	$	20,591	$	5,284,537

Reverse recapitalization (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Reverse Recapitalization [Abstract]

Disclosure Of Reverse Recapitalization, Share Activity


	As of June 30, 2024			As of December, 31, 2023
	Liability Fair Value		Number Outstanding	Liability Fair Value		Number Outstanding
Class C-1 Shares	2,870		20,499,965	4,920		20,499,965
Class C-2 Shares	630		4,500,000	1,080		4,500,000
Total	$	3,500	24,999,965	$	6,000	24,999,965


	Class C-1 Shares
As of January 1, 2024	4,920

Changes in fair value measurement	(2,050)
As of June 30, 2024	$	2,870


	Class C-2 Shares
As of January 1, 2024	1,080

Changes in fair value measurement	(450)
As of June 30, 2024	$	630

The fair value change for the Class C Shares are as follows:


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024		2023
Fair value change - Class C-1 Shares	2,050		3,775
Fair value change - Class C-2 Shares	450		6,975
Fair value change - Class C Shares	$	2,500	$	10,750

Disclosure Of Reverse Recapitalization, Summary Of Earn-Out Rights


	Earn out rights
As of January 1, 2024	155,402

Changes in fair value measurement	(139,638)
As of June 30, 2024	$	15,764

The fair value change for the Earn-out rights are as follows:


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024	2023
Fair value change - Earn-out rights	139,638	232,995

Inventories (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Inventories [Abstract]

Disclosure of Inventory

The Group’s inventory primarily consisted of vehicles as follows:


	As of June 30, 2024		As of December, 31, 2023
Finished goods and goods for resale	805,540		1,070,897
Work in progress	31		32
Provision for impairment	(79,554)		(131,570)
Total	$	726,017	$	939,359

Equity (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Disclosure of classes of share capital [abstract]

Disclosure of classes of share capital

Changes in the Group's equity during the six months ended June 30, 2024 were as follows:


	Class A Shares	Class B Shares	Share capital		Other contributed capital
Balance as of January 1, 2024	467,976,748	1,642,233,575	(21,168)		(3,615,187)
Conversion from Class B to Class A	1,592,341,000	(1,592,341,000)	—		—
Equity-settled share-based payment	144,249	—	(1)		(6,074)
Balance as of June 30, 2024	2,060,461,997	49,892,575	$	(21,169)	$	(3,621,261)

Liabilities to credit institutions (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Borrowing costs [abstract]

Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings

The carrying amount of Polestar Group’s liabilities to credit institutions as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 are as follows:


Liabilities to credit institutions	As of June 30, 2024		As of December 31, 2023
Current
Working capital loans from banks	1,438,390		1,923,755
Floorplan facilities	84,445		87,039
Sale-leaseback facilities	13,984		12,788
Total	$	1,536,819	$	2,023,582
Non Current
Syndicated loan from banks	947,289		—
Total	$	947,289	$	—

Total liabilities to credit institutions	$	2,484,108	$	2,023,582

The Group has the following current working capital loans outstanding as of June 30, 2024:

Currency

Term

Security

Interest

Nominal amount in respective currency (thousands)

Amount in USD (thousands)

USD

August 2023 - August 2024

Unsecured1

3 month SOFR2 plus 2.3% settled quarterly

402,000

USD

August 2023 - August 2024

Secured3

12 month SOFR2 plus 0.9%, settled quarterly

320,000

USD

August 2023 - August 2024

Unsecured1

12 month SOFR2 plus 1.1%, settled quarterly

82,000

CNY

September 2023 - September 2024

Unsecured1

12 month LPR4 plus 0.25%, settled quarterly

500,000

68,830

USD

September 2023 - September 2024

Unsecured1

12 month SOFR2 plus 0.65%, settled quarterly

118,000

USD

September 2023 - September 2024

Secured3

12 month SOFR2 plus 1.11% settled semi-annual

100,000

CNY

October 2023 - October 2024

Unsecured1

12 month LPR4 plus 0.15% settled quarterly

200,000

27,532

CNY

December 2023 - December 2024

Unsecured1

12 month LPR4 plus 1.05% settled quarterly

92,000

12,665

USD

December 2023 - December 2024

Secured3

12 month SOFR2 plus 1.7%, settled semi-annual

133,000

EUR

February 2024 - February 2025

Secured5

3 month EURIBOR6 plus 2.3% and an arrangement fee of 0.15%, settled quarterly

38,290

40,971

CNY

March 2024 - March 2025

Unsecured1

12 month LPR4 plus 1.05% settled quarterly

177,000

24,366

CNY

April 2024 - April 2025

Unsecured7

12 month LPR4 plus 0.35% settled quarterly

473,000

65,113

CNY

May 2024 - May 2025

Unsecured7

12 month LPR4 plus 0.35% settled quarterly

88,000

12,114

CNY

June 2024 - June 2025

Unsecured1

12 month LPR4 plus 0.85% settled quarterly

231,000

31,799

Total

1,438,390

1 - Letters of keep well from both Volvo Cars and Geely.

2 - Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR").

3 - Secured by Geely.

4 - People’s Bank of China (“PBOC”) Loan Prime Rate (“LPR").

6 - Euro Interbank Offered Rate (“EURIBOR”).

7 - Letter of comfort from Geely.

The Group has the following non-current syndicated loan from banks outstanding as of June 30, 2024:

Currency

Term

Security

Interest

Nominal amount in
respective currency
(thousands)

Amount in
USD
(thousands)

USD

February 2024 - February 2027

Unsecured1,2

3 month Term SOFR3 plus 3.35%

583,489

EUR

February 2024 - February 2027

Unsecured1,2

3 month EURIBOR4 plus 2.85%

340,000

363,800

Total

947,289

1 - Letter of keep well from Geely and letters of comfort from Volvo Cars and PSD.

2 - The loans are secured by interest reserve accounts pledges with an aggregate of three months interest deposited. The Group had a restricted cash balance of $21,490 as of June 30, 2024.

3 - Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("Term SOFR").

4 - Euro Interbank Offered Rate (“EURIBOR”).

the entirety of the debt will become current. Discussions have been initiated with certain of the lending banks to seek a waiver of those covenant requirements in a timely fashion.

Related party transactions (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Disclosure of transactions between related parties

The total revenue recognized for each related party was as follows:


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024		2023
			(Restated)
Polestar Times Technology	61,650		—
Volvo Cars	56,642		55,311
Ziklo Bank AB1	44,042		21,754
Geely	—		1,245
Total	$	162,334	$	78,310

1- In March 2024, Volvofinans Bank AB changed its name to Ziklo Bank AB.


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024		2023
			(Restated)
Volvo Cars	448,046		1,229,939
Geely	186,650		84,815
Renault Korea Motors Co. Ltd	5,135		—
Zheijiang C2M Digital Technology Co. Ltd	815		—
Ziklo Bank AB	230		312
Wuxi InfiMotion Propulsion Technology Co., Ltd.,	17		6,922
Total	$	640,893	$	1,321,988

Amounts due to related parties were as follows:


Trade payables - related parties, accrued expenses, and other current liabilities - related parties	As of June 30, 2024	As of December, 31, 2023
Volvo Cars	415,470	498,729
Geely	205,144	224,808
Ziklo Bank AB	1,115	2,022


Volvo Car Financial Services UK	5,332		751
Polestar Times Technology	4,028		—
Total	$	631,089	$	726,310


Interest bearing current liabilities - related parties	As of June 30, 2024		As of December, 31, 2023
Volvo Car Financial Services UK	49,340		35,748
Geely	23,669		21,956
Volvo Cars	29,255		10,628

Total	$	102,264	$	68,332


Other non-current interest-bearing liabilities - related parties	As of June 30, 2024		As of December, 31, 2023
Volvo Cars	1,030,022		1,049,463
Geely	354,034		359,781


Total	$	1,384,056	$	1,409,244

The Group’s interest expense from related parties is as follows:


	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024	2023
		(Restated)
Interest expense - related parties	72,362	25,782

Amounts due from related parties

Amounts due from related parties were as follows:


Trade receivables - related parties, accrued income - related parties, and other current assets - related parties	As of June 30, 2024		As of December, 31, 2023
Geely	43,033		43,951
Volvo Cars	19,088		168,523
Ziklo Bank AB	5,126		954
Wuhan Lotus Cars Co., LTD.	4,336		5,630
Polestar Times Technology	2,688		4,149
Volvo Car Financial Services UK	1,010		—
Total	$	75,281	$	223,207

Commitment and contingencies (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Disclosure of contingent liabilities [abstract]

Disclosure Of Future Minimum Purchase Commitments

The amounts in the table below represent Polestar´s future commitments as of June 30, 2024:


	Total		Less than 1 year		Between 1-5 years		After 5 years
PS2 battery purchase volume commitments	91,193		44,566		46,627		—
Logistics service commitments	38,364		38,364		—		—
PS3 and PS4 purchase volume commitments	226,954		226,954		—		—
PS4 sales volume commitments	80,885		13,483		60,069		7,333

Total	$	437,396	$	323,367	$	106,696	$	7,333

Restatement of prior period financial statements (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Disclosure of initial application of standards or interpretations [abstract]

Schedule of Financial Statements


Particulars	Originally Reported Amounts		Adjustments		Restated Amounts		Restatement Reference
Revenue	1,231,265		6,370		1,237,635		(i),(ii),(iv)
Cost of sales	(1,213,654)		(2,366)		(1,216,020)		(i),(ii),(iii),(iv)
Gross profit	$	17,611	$	4,004	$	21,615
Selling, general and administrative expense	(448,632)		(25,975)		(474,607)		(i),(ii),(iv)
Research and development expense	(81,311)		(1,739)		(83,050)		(ii),(iii)
Other operating expense, net	38,581		(22)		38,559		(i)

Operating loss	$	(473,751)	$	(23,732)	$	(497,483)
Finance income	12,489		—		12,489
Finance expense	(90,516)		(2,140)		(92,656)		(i),(iv)
Fair value change - Earn-out rights	232,995		—		232,995


Fair value change - Class C Shares	10,750		—		10,750
Loss before income taxes	$	(308,033)	$	(25,872)	$	(333,905)
Income tax expense	(5,002)		(1,923)		(6,925)		(iv),(v)
Net loss	$	(313,035)	$	(27,795)	$	(340,830)
Net loss per share (in U.S. dollars)
Class A - Basic and Diluted	(0.15)		(0.01)		(0.16)
Class B - Basic and Diluted	(0.15)		(0.01)		(0.16)

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Loss

Net loss	(313,035)		(27,795)		(340,830)
Other comprehensive income:
Items that may be subsequently reclassified to the Consolidated Statement of Loss:
Exchange rate differences from translation of foreign operations	(26,735)		(923)		(27,658)		(i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Total other comprehensive income	$	(26,735)	$	(923)	$	(27,658)
Total comprehensive loss	$	(339,770)	$	(28,718)	$	(368,488)

Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2023


Particulars	Originally Reported Amounts		Adjustments		Restated Amounts		Restatement Reference
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss	(313,035)		(27,795)		(340,830)		(i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash flows:
Depreciation and amortization	57,074		(3,870)		53,204		(i), (ii), (iii)
Warranties	36,003		(1,384)		34,619		(i)
Impairment of inventory	11,795		—		11,795

Finance income	(12,489)		—		(12,489)
Finance expense	90,516		2,140		92,656		(i), (iv)
Fair value change - Earn-out rights	(232,995)		—		(232,995)
Fair value change - Class C Shares	(10,750)		—		(10,750)

Income tax expense	5,002		1,923		6,925		(iv), (v)


Disposals and derecognition of property plant and equipment and intangible assets	—		2,070		2,070		(iv)

Other provisions	—		14,873		14,873		(iv)
Unrealised Exchange Gain/Loss Operating Payables	—		(5,022)		(5,022)		(iv)
Other non-cash expense and income	19,252		(11,855)		7,397		(iv)
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Inventories	(206,373)		17,172		(189,201)		(i), (iii), (iv)
Contract liabilities	24,673		(3,510)		21,163		(i), (ii), (iv)
Trade receivables, prepaid expenses and other assets	72,372		(3,684)		68,688		(i), (iv)
Trade payables, accrued expenses and other liabilities	(154,206)		19,440		(134,766)		(i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Interest received	12,489		—		12,489
Interest paid	(48,667)		—		(48,667)
Taxes paid	(11,401)		—		(11,401)
Cash used for operating activities	$	(660,740)	$	498	$	(660,242)


Cash flows from investing activities
Additions to property, plant and equipment	(42,948)		—		(42,948)
Additions to intangible assets	(239,850)		1,920		(237,930)		(iii)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment	1,710		—		1,710



Cash used for investing activities	$	(281,088)	$	1,920	$	(279,168)
Cash flows from financing activities

Proceeds from short-term borrowings	1,671,964		—		1,671,964

Principal repayments of short-term borrowings	(598,953)		—		(598,953)
Principal repayments of lease liabilities	(9,045)		(2,526)		(11,571)		(i), (iv)


Cash provided by financing activities	$	1,063,966	$	(2,526)	$	1,061,440
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(38,603)		108		(38,495)		(i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	$	83,535	$	—	$	83,535
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period	$	973,877	$	—	$	973,877
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period	$	1,057,412	$	—	$	1,057,412

Overview and basis of presentation (Details)
$ in Thousands

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

USD ($)

market

Jun. 30, 2023

USD ($)

Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]

Number of markets | market

Cash flows from (used in) operating and investing activities

$ (539,485)

$ (340,830)

^[1]

$ (524,747)

$ (939,410)

Polestar Automotive Holding Limited ("Former Parent") | Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC ("Parent")

Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]

Proportion of ownership interest in joint venture

81.80%

External Investors | Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC ("Parent")

Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]

Proportion of ownership interest in joint venture

18.20%

[1]	1 - Refer to Note 18 - Restatement of prior period financial statements for reconciliations between originally reported and as revised amounts.

Significant accounting policies and judgements (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($) tranche $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Gores Guggenheim, Inc. Business Combination Agreement (BCA)
Disclosure Of List Of Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Earn-out rights		$ 155,402
Binomial Lattice Option Pricing Model
Disclosure Of List Of Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Time-steps, share options granted	1,000
Monte Carlo
Disclosure Of List Of Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Earnout payment term	3 years 5 months 23 days
Number of earn-out tranches \| tranche	5
Monte Carlo \| Gores Guggenheim, Inc. Business Combination Agreement (BCA)
Disclosure Of List Of Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Earn-out rights	$ 15,764
Class C-2 American Depositary Shares
Disclosure Of List Of Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Fair value of shares issued	$ 630	$ 1,080
Stock price per share \| $ / shares	$ 0.79
Fair value measurement input implied volatility	2.25
Fair value measurement input risk free rate	0.0447
Dividend yield, share options granted	0
Class C-2 American Depositary Shares \| Monte Carlo
Disclosure Of List Of Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Fair value measurement input implied volatility	0.80
Fair value measurement input risk free rate	0.0443

Revenue - Schedule of Revenue Disaggregation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Disclosure of disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	$ 905,813	$ 1,237,635
Sales of vehicles
Disclosure of disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	883,621	1,208,791
Sales of software and performance engineered kits
Disclosure of disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	7,891	11,419
Sales of carbon credits
Disclosure of disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	40	532
Vehicle leasing revenue
Disclosure of disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	11,566	7,493
Other revenue
Disclosure of disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	$ 2,695	$ 9,400

Revenue - Schedule of Contract Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Disclosure of disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers [line items]
Beginning balance, contract liabilities	$ 175,125
Provided for during the period	123,459
Settled during the period	76,029
Released during the period	45,315
Translation differences and other	(5,168)
Ending balance, contract liabilities	172,072
Current contract liabilities	109,975	$ 112,062
Non-current contract liabilities	62,097	$ 63,063
Sales generated obligation
Disclosure of disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers [line items]
Beginning balance, contract liabilities	37,034
Provided for during the period	100,974
Settled during the period	76,029
Released during the period	0
Translation differences and other	(767)
Ending balance, contract liabilities	61,212
Current contract liabilities	57,434
Non-current contract liabilities	3,778
Deferred revenue - extended service
Disclosure of disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers [line items]
Beginning balance, contract liabilities	47,564
Provided for during the period	13,586
Settled during the period	0
Released during the period	12,821
Translation differences and other	(1,316)
Ending balance, contract liabilities	47,013
Current contract liabilities	23,121
Non-current contract liabilities	23,892
Deferred revenue - connected service
Disclosure of disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers [line items]
Beginning balance, contract liabilities	39,565
Provided for during the period	4,687
Settled during the period	0
Released during the period	3,049
Translation differences and other	(2,117)
Ending balance, contract liabilities	39,086
Current contract liabilities	6,389
Non-current contract liabilities	32,697
Deferred revenue - operating leases & other
Disclosure of disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers [line items]
Beginning balance, contract liabilities	50,962
Provided for during the period	4,212
Settled during the period	0
Released during the period	29,445
Translation differences and other	(968)
Ending balance, contract liabilities	24,761
Current contract liabilities	23,031
Non-current contract liabilities	$ 1,730

Revenue - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Disclosure of disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers [line items]
Contract liabilities	$ 172,072	$ 175,125
Sales of vehicles and vehicle leasing
Disclosure of disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers [line items]
Contract liabilities	110,860
Sales generated obligation
Disclosure of disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers [line items]
Contract liabilities	$ 61,212	$ 37,034

Geographic information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
Geographic information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Disclosure of geographical areas [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	$ 905,813	$ 1,237,635
Non-current receivables from contracts with customers	2,074,475	1,797,527
United Kingdom
Disclosure of geographical areas [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	143,916	286,812
Non-current receivables from contracts with customers	36,439	32,342
Sweden
Disclosure of geographical areas [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	141,365	169,416
Non-current receivables from contracts with customers	1,295,171	1,239,023
USA
Disclosure of geographical areas [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	128,202	225,002
Non-current receivables from contracts with customers	149,354	5,017
Germany
Disclosure of geographical areas [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	75,410	118,961
Non-current receivables from contracts with customers	36,233	27,058
China
Disclosure of geographical areas [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	66,469	19,848
Non-current receivables from contracts with customers	513,455	448,361
Norway
Disclosure of geographical areas [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	56,162	32,024
Belgium
Disclosure of geographical areas [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	46,981	47,490
Netherlands
Disclosure of geographical areas [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	42,456	50,171
Canada
Disclosure of geographical areas [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	41,413	62,130
Denmark
Disclosure of geographical areas [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	41,172	27,836
Australia
Disclosure of geographical areas [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	36,786	48,163
Korea
Disclosure of geographical areas [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	13,908	19,469
Switzerland
Disclosure of geographical areas [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	12,973	19,290
Finland
Disclosure of geographical areas [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	12,656	24,184
Italy
Disclosure of geographical areas [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	4,118	28,051
Other regions
Disclosure of geographical areas [line items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	41,826	58,788
Non-current receivables from contracts with customers	$ 43,823	$ 45,726

Investment in associates - Narrative (Details) - Total for all related parties $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended		7 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($) vehicle	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 16, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Feb. 29, 2024 USD ($)
Disclosure of detailed information about investment property [line items]
Revenue from sale of goods, related party transactions	$ 162,334	$ 78,310
Polestar Technology, Polestar and Nanjing Jiangning Economic and Technological Development Zone
Disclosure of detailed information about investment property [line items]
Trade receivables - related parties					$ 60,360
Trade receivables - related parties, additional amount					$ 148,298
Settlement of liabilities on behalf of entity by related party, related party transactions			$ 34,300
Polestar's percentage ownership interest			46.20%
Polestar Technology, Polestar and Nanjing Jiangning Economic and Technological Development Zone \| Minimum
Disclosure of detailed information about investment property [line items]
Borrowings, interest rate					49.00%
Polestar Technology, Polestar and Nanjing Jiangning Economic and Technological Development Zone \| Maximum
Disclosure of detailed information about investment property [line items]
Borrowings, interest rate					37.60%
Polestar Times Technology
Disclosure of detailed information about investment property [line items]
Revenue from sale of goods, related party transactions	61,650	$ 0
Revenue from sale of goods, related party transactions, at point in time	30,352			$ 31,298
Revenue from sale of goods	$ 19,850
Number of vehicles delivered, unpaid \| vehicle	542

Investment of associates - Schedule of Activity Related of Investment (Details) - Polestar Technology $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Revenue From Investments In Associates [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 0
Investment in Polestar Times Technology	4,900
Elimination of effects of downstream sales	(550)
Recognized share of losses in Polestar Times Technology	(4,350)
Ending balance	0
Unrecognized Amounts From Investments With Associates [Roll Forward]
Unrecognized Losses in Polestar Technology	(1,407)
Unrecognized effects of downstream sales	(6,386)
Unrecognized share of losses in Polestar Times Technology	(29,231)
Unrecognized Losses in Polestar Technology	$ (37,024)

Investment in associates - Schedule of Financial Information Own Financial Statements (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Jun. 30, 2023

Dec. 31, 2023

Disclosure of detailed information about investment property [line items]

Non-current assets

$ 2,136,100

$ 1,850,194

Current assets

(1,840,541)

(2,271,110)

Non-current liabilities

(2,601,875)

(1,863,313)

Current liabilities

(3,194,298)

(3,520,290)

Less capital reserves

3,621,261

$ 3,615,187

905,813

$ 1,237,635

(539,485)

(340,830)

^[1]

(23,823)

(27,658)

The Group's share of losses in Polestar Times Technology

(563,308)

(368,488)

$ 201,427

$ 92,656

Polestar Technology

Disclosure of detailed information about investment property [line items]

Polestar's percentage ownership interest

46.20%

Non-current assets

$ 44,759

Current assets

(60,806)

Non-current liabilities

(21,379)

Current liabilities

(132,663)

Net liabilities

(48,477)

Less capital reserves

(29,492)

Adjusted Net liabilities

(77,969)

The Group's share of net liabilities

(36,021)

Elimination of effects of downstream sales

(550)

Unrecognized effects of downstream sales

6,386

Unrecognized losses in Polestar Times Technology

29,231

Other reconciling items

954

Carrying amount of the Group's investment in Polestar Times Technology

44,490

(70,851)

(1,836)

The Group's share of losses in Polestar Times Technology

(72,687)

$ (33,581)

[1]	1 - Refer to Note 18 - Restatement of prior period financial statements for reconciliations between originally reported and as revised amounts.

Leases - Narrative (Details)	6 Months Ended
Leases - Narrative (Details)	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Disclosure of maturity analysis of operating lease payments [line items]
Payments of lease liabilities, inclusive of interest paid	$ 16,240
Land
Disclosure of maturity analysis of operating lease payments [line items]
Lessee, term of contract	50 years
Minimum \| Buildings and land
Disclosure of maturity analysis of operating lease payments [line items]
Lessee, term of contract	2 years
Minimum \| Machinery and equipment
Disclosure of maturity analysis of operating lease payments [line items]
Lessee, term of contract	2 years
Maximum \| Buildings and land
Disclosure of maturity analysis of operating lease payments [line items]
Lessee, term of contract	15 years
Maximum \| Machinery and equipment
Disclosure of maturity analysis of operating lease payments [line items]
Lessee, term of contract	6 years

Leases - Summary of Change in Right-of-Use Assets (Details) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Reconciliation Of Changes In Leases [Roll Forward]
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets at beginning of period	$ 316,867
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets at end of period	547,098
Right-of-use assets
Reconciliation Of Changes In Leases [Roll Forward]
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets at end of period	80,749
Buildings and land \| Right-of-use assets
Reconciliation Of Changes In Leases [Roll Forward]
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets at end of period	70,981
Machinery and equipment
Reconciliation Of Changes In Leases [Roll Forward]
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets at beginning of period	9,896
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets at end of period	9,768
Machinery and equipment \| Right-of-use assets
Reconciliation Of Changes In Leases [Roll Forward]
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets at end of period	9,768
Vehicles under operating leases
Reconciliation Of Changes In Leases [Roll Forward]
Gross lease liabilities, ending balance	69,178
Gross carrying amount \| Right-of-use assets
Reconciliation Of Changes In Leases [Roll Forward]
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets at beginning of period	173,046
Addition	8,214
Cancellations	(12,140)
Remeasurement	(288)
Effect of foreign currency exchange differences	(5,145)
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets at end of period	163,687
Gross carrying amount \| Buildings and land \| Right-of-use assets
Reconciliation Of Changes In Leases [Roll Forward]
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets at beginning of period	122,613
Addition	4,768
Cancellations	(10,858)
Remeasurement	0
Effect of foreign currency exchange differences	(4,063)
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets at end of period	112,460
Gross carrying amount \| Machinery and equipment \| Right-of-use assets
Reconciliation Of Changes In Leases [Roll Forward]
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets at beginning of period	50,433
Addition	3,446
Cancellations	(1,282)
Remeasurement	(288)
Effect of foreign currency exchange differences	(1,082)
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets at end of period	51,227
Gross carrying amount \| Vehicles under operating leases
Reconciliation Of Changes In Leases [Roll Forward]
Gross lease liabilities, beginning balance	141,448
Addition	43,503
Reclassification to inventory	(42,380)
Effect of foreign currency exchange differences	(4,716)
Gross lease liabilities, ending balance	137,855
Accumulated depreciation and amortisation \| Right-of-use assets
Reconciliation Of Changes In Leases [Roll Forward]
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets at beginning of period	(74,828)
Cancellations	3,981
Effect of foreign currency exchange differences	1,460
Depreciation expense	(13,235)
Depreciation expense capitalized to inventory	316
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets at end of period	(82,938)
Accumulated depreciation and amortisation \| Buildings and land \| Right-of-use assets
Reconciliation Of Changes In Leases [Roll Forward]
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets at beginning of period	(34,291)
Cancellations	2,913
Effect of foreign currency exchange differences	1,319
Depreciation expense	(11,420)
Depreciation expense capitalized to inventory	0
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets at end of period	(41,479)
Accumulated depreciation and amortisation \| Machinery and equipment \| Right-of-use assets
Reconciliation Of Changes In Leases [Roll Forward]
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets at beginning of period	(40,537)
Cancellations	1,068
Effect of foreign currency exchange differences	141
Depreciation expense	(1,815)
Depreciation expense capitalized to inventory	316
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets at end of period	(41,459)
Accumulated depreciation and amortisation \| Vehicles under operating leases
Reconciliation Of Changes In Leases [Roll Forward]
Gross lease liabilities, beginning balance	(73,517)
Reclassification to inventory	5,930
Effect of foreign currency exchange differences	1,099
Depreciation expense	(2,189)
Gross lease liabilities, ending balance	$ (68,677)

Leases - Lease Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
Leases - Lease Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Lease liabilities [abstract]
Income from sub-leasing right-of-use assets	$ 1,132	$ 527
Expense relating to short-term leases	(269)	(495)
Expense relating to lease of low value assets	(4)	(6)
Interest expense on lease liabilities	$ (3,706)	$ (2,166)

Leases - Current and Noncurrent Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Lease liabilities [abstract]
Current lease liability	$ 16,857	$ 19,547
Current lease liabilities - related parties	15,039	10,628
Non-current lease liability	43,248	54,439
Non-current lease liabilities - related parties	32,918	42,634
Total	$ 108,062	$ 127,248

Leases - Summary of Maturity of Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Disclosure of maturity analysis of operating lease payments [line items]
Lease liability, payment, due	$ 131,465	$ 146,045
Within 1 year
Disclosure of maturity analysis of operating lease payments [line items]
Lease liability, payment, due	34,990	31,627
Between 1 and 2 years
Disclosure of maturity analysis of operating lease payments [line items]
Lease liability, payment, due	32,986	36,225
Between 2 and 3 years
Disclosure of maturity analysis of operating lease payments [line items]
Lease liability, payment, due	28,220	31,487
Between 3 and 4 years
Disclosure of maturity analysis of operating lease payments [line items]
Lease liability, payment, due	13,291	19,785
Between 4 and 5 years
Disclosure of maturity analysis of operating lease payments [line items]
Lease liability, payment, due	9,943	11,463
Later than 5 years
Disclosure of maturity analysis of operating lease payments [line items]
Lease liability, payment, due	$ 12,035	$ 15,458

Leases - Income from Operating Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Lease liabilities [abstract]
Vehicle leasing revenue	$ 11,566	$ 7,493

Net loss per share - Computation of Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Earnings per share [abstract]
Net loss attributable to common share holders, basic	$ (539,485)	$ (340,830)
Net loss attributable to common share holders, diluted	$ (539,485)	$ (340,830)
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, basic (in shares)	2,110,214	2,109,952
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, diluted (in shares)	2,110,214	2,109,952

Net loss per share - Summary of Antidilutive Shares (Details) - shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Earnings per share [line items]
Total antidilutive shares (in shares)	200,425,708	186,275,836
Earn-out Shares
Earnings per share [line items]
Total antidilutive shares (in shares)	158,177,609	158,177,609
Class C-1 Shares
Earnings per share [line items]
Total antidilutive shares (in shares)	20,499,965	20,499,965
Class C-2 Shares
Earnings per share [line items]
Total antidilutive shares (in shares)	4,500,000	4,500,000
PSUs
Earnings per share [line items]
Total antidilutive shares (in shares)	5,084,454	2,326,794
RSUs
Earnings per share [line items]
Total antidilutive shares (in shares)	11,752,934	708,968
Marketing consulting services agreement
Earnings per share [line items]
Total antidilutive shares (in shares)	0	62,500
RSAs
Earnings per share [line items]
Total antidilutive shares (in shares)	410,746	0

Intangible assets and goodwill - Summary of Intangible Assets, Goodwill And Trademarks (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Intangible assets	$ 1,410,432	$ 1,362,281
Goodwill and trademarks	47,767	50,448
Total	$ 1,458,199	$ 1,412,729

Intangible assets and goodwill - Summary of Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

6 Months Ended

12 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Jun. 30, 2023

^[1]

Dec. 31, 2023

Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [line items]

Intangible assets other than goodwill, beginning balance

$ 1,362,281

Intangible assets other than goodwill, ending balance

1,410,432

$ 1,362,281

Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [line items]

236,935

$ 237,930

Investing Activities

Cash-settled additions

93,134

Investing Activities | Trade payables and trade payables - related parties

236,934

Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [line items]

Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [line items]

143,800

Internally developed IP

Intangible assets other than goodwill, beginning balance

294,051

Intangible assets other than goodwill, ending balance

357,144

294,051

Software

Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [line items]

Intangible assets other than goodwill, beginning balance

9,832

Intangible assets other than goodwill, ending balance

8,761

9,832

Acquired IP

Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [line items]

Intangible assets other than goodwill, beginning balance

1,058,398

Intangible assets other than goodwill, ending balance

1,044,527

1,058,398

Gross carrying amount

Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [line items]

Intangible assets other than goodwill, beginning balance

2,160,043

Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences

140,174

(102,686)

Intangible assets other than goodwill, ending balance

2,197,531

2,160,043

Gross carrying amount | Internally developed IP

Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [line items]

Intangible assets other than goodwill, beginning balance

312,945

Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences

79,050

(16,685)

Intangible assets other than goodwill, ending balance

375,310

312,945

Gross carrying amount | Software

Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [line items]

Intangible assets other than goodwill, beginning balance

11,380

Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences

356

(842)

Intangible assets other than goodwill, ending balance

10,894

11,380

Gross carrying amount | Acquired IP

Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [line items]

Intangible assets other than goodwill, beginning balance

1,835,718

Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences

60,768

240,312

(85,159)

Intangible assets other than goodwill, ending balance

1,811,327

1,835,718

Accumulated depreciation and amortisation

Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [line items]

Intangible assets other than goodwill, beginning balance

(797,762)

(3,855)

Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences

(11,597)

26,115

Intangible assets other than goodwill, ending balance

(787,099)

(797,762)

Accumulated depreciation and amortisation | Internally developed IP

Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [line items]

Intangible assets other than goodwill, beginning balance

(18,894)

Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences

(299)

1,027

Intangible assets other than goodwill, ending balance

(18,166)

(18,894)

Accumulated depreciation and amortisation | Software

Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [line items]

Intangible assets other than goodwill, beginning balance

(1,548)

(689)

Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences

104

Intangible assets other than goodwill, ending balance

(2,133)

(1,548)

Accumulated depreciation and amortisation | Acquired IP

Disclosure of reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [line items]

Intangible assets other than goodwill, beginning balance

(777,320)

(3,166)

Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences

(11,298)

24,984

Intangible assets other than goodwill, ending balance

$ (766,800)

$ (777,320)

[1]	1 - Refer to Note 18 - Restatement of prior period financial statements for reconciliations between originally reported and as revised amounts.

Intangible assets and goodwill - Summary of Goodwill and Trademarks (Details) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [abstract]
Goodwill and trademarks, beginning balance	$ 50,448
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences	(2,681)
Goodwill and trademarks, ending balance	47,767
Goodwill
Reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [abstract]
Goodwill and trademarks, beginning balance	48,061
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences	(2,554)
Goodwill and trademarks, ending balance	45,507
Trademarks
Reconciliation of changes in intangible assets and goodwill [abstract]
Goodwill and trademarks, beginning balance	2,387
Effect of foreign currency exchange rate differences	(127)
Goodwill and trademarks, ending balance	$ 2,260

Property, plant and equipment - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [line items]
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets	$ 547,098	$ 316,867
Buildings and land
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [line items]
Right of use assets for leased buildings and land	70,981	88,322
Machinery and equipment
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [line items]
Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets	$ 9,768	$ 9,896

Property, plant and equipment - Disclosure of Detailed Information About Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Jun. 30, 2023

^[1]

Reconciliation of changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]

Additions to property, plant and equipment

$ 466,349

83,884

$ 42,948

Gross carrying amount

Reconciliation of changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]

284,003

260,895

(70)

(8,882)

Increase (decrease) in property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets

535,946

260,895

Cash-settled additions

64,464

Amounts payable, related party transactions

19,420

Accumulated depreciation and amortisation

Reconciliation of changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]

(65,354)

1,213

(3,092)

(2,398)

Reconciliation of changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]

(69,597)

Buildings and land

Buildings and land | Gross carrying amount

9,414

Reconciliation of changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]

8,916

2,732

1,962

(269)

Buildings and land | Accumulated depreciation and amortisation

13,341

Reconciliation of changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]

(2,709)

(1,287)

Reconciliation of changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]

(3,927)

Machinery and equipment

Machinery and equipment | Gross carrying amount

239,689

Reconciliation of changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]

180,945

71,867

(70)

58,017

(6,002)

Machinery and equipment | Accumulated depreciation and amortisation

304,757

Reconciliation of changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]

(62,043)

1,144

(1,805)

(2,398)

Machinery under development

(65,068)

Reconciliation of changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]

Machinery under development | Gross carrying amount

217,246

Reconciliation of changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]

94,142

186,296

(59,979)

(2,611)

Machinery under development | Accumulated depreciation and amortisation

217,848

Reconciliation of changes in property, plant and equipment [abstract]

(602)

Disclosure of initial application of standards or interpretations [line items]

$ (602)

[1]	1 - Refer to Note 18 - Restatement of prior period financial statements for reconciliations between originally reported and as revised amounts.

Financial instruments - Schedule of Financial Assets and Liabilities at Fair Value (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Assets measured at FVTPL	$ 2,285	$ 2,414
Liability Fair Value	19,264	161,402
Class C-1 Ordinary Shares
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Liability Fair Value	2,870	4,920
Class C-2 American Depositary Shares
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Liability Fair Value	630	1,080
Earn-out rights
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Liability Fair Value	15,764	155,402
Ordinary shares \| Class C-1 Ordinary Shares
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Liability Fair Value	2,870	4,920
Ordinary shares \| Class C-2 American Depositary Shares
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Liability Fair Value	630	1,080
Level 1
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Assets measured at FVTPL	0	0
Liability Fair Value	2,870	4,920
Level 1 \| Earn-out rights
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Liability Fair Value	0	0
Level 1 \| Ordinary shares \| Class C-1 Ordinary Shares
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Liability Fair Value	2,870	4,920
Level 1 \| Ordinary shares \| Class C-2 American Depositary Shares
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Liability Fair Value	0	0
Level 2
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Assets measured at FVTPL	0	0
Liability Fair Value	630	1,080
Level 2 \| Earn-out rights
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Liability Fair Value	0	0
Level 2 \| Ordinary shares \| Class C-1 Ordinary Shares
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Liability Fair Value	0	0
Level 2 \| Ordinary shares \| Class C-2 American Depositary Shares
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Liability Fair Value	630	1,080
Level 3
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Assets measured at FVTPL	2,285	2,414
Liability Fair Value	15,764	155,402
Level 3 \| Earn-out rights
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Liability Fair Value	15,764	155,402
Level 3 \| Ordinary shares \| Class C-1 Ordinary Shares
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Liability Fair Value	0	0
Level 3 \| Ordinary shares \| Class C-2 American Depositary Shares
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Liability Fair Value	0	0
Investment property
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Assets measured at FVTPL	2,285	2,414
Investment property \| Level 1
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Assets measured at FVTPL	0	0
Investment property \| Level 2
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Assets measured at FVTPL	0	0
Investment property \| Level 3
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Assets measured at FVTPL	$ 2,285	$ 2,414

Financial instruments - Schedule of Financial Assets and Liabilities at Amortized Cost (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	$ 263,837
Financial liabilities at amortised cost, category
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	5,284,537	$ 4,684,997
Financial liabilities at amortised cost, category \| Current and non-current liabilities to credit institutions
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	2,484,108	2,023,582
Financial liabilities at amortised cost, category \| Other non-current interest bearing liabilities and other non-current interest bearing liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	1,427,304	1,463,683
Financial liabilities at amortised cost, category \| Accrued expenses and accrued expenses - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	559,463	593,056
Financial liabilities at amortised cost, category \| Trade payables and trade payables - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	482,383	368,145
Financial liabilities at amortised cost, category \| Interest-bearing current liabilities1 and interest bearing current liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	119,121	87,879
Financial liabilities at amortised cost, category \| Other non-current liabilities and other non-current liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	11,571	73,149
Financial liabilities at amortised cost, category \| Current and non-current liabilities related to repurchase commitments
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	117,751	58,482
Financial liabilities at amortised cost, category \| Advance payments from customers
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	18,694	16,415
Financial liabilities at amortised cost, category \| Other current liabilities and other current liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	64,142	606
Financial assets at amortised cost, category
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	932,748	1,141,895
Financial assets at amortised cost, category \| Cash and cash equivalents
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	668,911	768,927
Financial assets at amortised cost, category \| Trade receivables and trade receivables - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	184,065	187,231
Financial assets at amortised cost, category \| Accrued income - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	34,135	152,605
Financial assets at amortised cost, category \| Other current receivables and other current receivables - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	18,056	25,920
Financial assets at amortised cost, category \| Other non-current receivables
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	6,091	5,378
Financial assets at amortised cost, category \| Restricted cash
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	$ 21,490	$ 1,834

Financial instruments - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Subclassifications of assets, liabilities and equities [abstract]
Interest revenue for financial assets measured at amortised cost	$ 5,606	$ 12,489
Interest expense for financial liabilities measured at amortised cost	$ 165,215	$ 73,869

Financial instruments - Schedule of Maturities of Financial Assets and Liabilities (Details) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	$ 263,837
Current and non-current liabilities to credit institutions
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	2,484,108
Accrued expenses and accrued expenses - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	1,427,304
Trade payables and trade payables - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	559,463
Interest-bearing current liabilities1 and interest bearing current liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	482,383
Current and non-current liabilities related to repurchase commitments
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	119,121
Advance payments from customers
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	11,571
Other current liabilities and other current liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	117,751
Non-Current Liabilities To Credit Institutions
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	18,694
Other non-current interest bearing liabilities and other non-current interest bearing liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	64,142
Other non-current liabilities and other non-current liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	5,284,537
Trade receivables
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	184,065
Accrued income - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	34,135
Other current receivables and other current receivables - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	18,056
Other non-current receivables
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	6,091
Restricted cash
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	21,490
Due within 1 year
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	236,256
Due within 1 year \| Current and non-current liabilities to credit institutions
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	1,536,819
Due within 1 year \| Accrued expenses and accrued expenses - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	0
Due within 1 year \| Trade payables and trade payables - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	559,463
Due within 1 year \| Interest-bearing current liabilities1 and interest bearing current liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	482,383
Due within 1 year \| Current and non-current liabilities related to repurchase commitments
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	119,121
Due within 1 year \| Advance payments from customers
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	0
Due within 1 year \| Other current liabilities and other current liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	81,202
Due within 1 year \| Non-Current Liabilities To Credit Institutions
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	18,694
Due within 1 year \| Other non-current interest bearing liabilities and other non-current interest bearing liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	64,142
Due within 1 year \| Other non-current liabilities and other non-current liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	2,861,824
Due within 1 year \| Trade receivables
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	184,065
Due within 1 year \| Accrued income - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	34,135
Due within 1 year \| Other current receivables and other current receivables - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	18,056
Due within 1 year \| Other non-current receivables
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	0
Due within 1 year \| Restricted cash
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	0
Due between 1 and 5 years
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	27,581
Due between 1 and 5 years \| Current and non-current liabilities to credit institutions
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	947,289
Due between 1 and 5 years \| Accrued expenses and accrued expenses - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	1,406,713
Due between 1 and 5 years \| Trade payables and trade payables - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	0
Due between 1 and 5 years \| Interest-bearing current liabilities1 and interest bearing current liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	0
Due between 1 and 5 years \| Current and non-current liabilities related to repurchase commitments
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	0
Due between 1 and 5 years \| Advance payments from customers
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	11,571
Due between 1 and 5 years \| Other current liabilities and other current liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	36,549
Due between 1 and 5 years \| Non-Current Liabilities To Credit Institutions
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	0
Due between 1 and 5 years \| Other non-current interest bearing liabilities and other non-current interest bearing liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	0
Due between 1 and 5 years \| Other non-current liabilities and other non-current liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	2,402,122
Due between 1 and 5 years \| Trade receivables
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	0
Due between 1 and 5 years \| Accrued income - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	0
Due between 1 and 5 years \| Other current receivables and other current receivables - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	0
Due between 1 and 5 years \| Other non-current receivables
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	6,091
Due between 1 and 5 years \| Restricted cash
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	21,490
Due beyond 5 years
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	0
Due beyond 5 years \| Current and non-current liabilities to credit institutions
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	0
Due beyond 5 years \| Accrued expenses and accrued expenses - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	20,591
Due beyond 5 years \| Trade payables and trade payables - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	0
Due beyond 5 years \| Interest-bearing current liabilities1 and interest bearing current liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	0
Due beyond 5 years \| Current and non-current liabilities related to repurchase commitments
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	0
Due beyond 5 years \| Advance payments from customers
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	0
Due beyond 5 years \| Other current liabilities and other current liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	0
Due beyond 5 years \| Non-Current Liabilities To Credit Institutions
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	0
Due beyond 5 years \| Other non-current interest bearing liabilities and other non-current interest bearing liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	0
Due beyond 5 years \| Other non-current liabilities and other non-current liabilities - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial liabilities	20,591
Due beyond 5 years \| Trade receivables
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	0
Due beyond 5 years \| Accrued income - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	0
Due beyond 5 years \| Other current receivables and other current receivables - related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	0
Due beyond 5 years \| Other non-current receivables
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	0
Due beyond 5 years \| Restricted cash
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]
Financial assets	$ 0

Reverse recapitalization - Schedule of Reverse Recapitalization Share Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Reverse Recapitalization [Line Items]
Liability Fair Value	$ 19,264		$ 161,402
Class C-1 Ordinary Shares
Reverse Recapitalization [Line Items]
Liability Fair Value	$ 2,870		$ 4,920
Number Outstanding	20,499,965		20,499,965
Fair value of shares issued	$ 2,870		$ 4,920
Changes in fair value measurement	(2,050)
Changes in fair value measurement	(2,050)	$ (3,775)
Class C-2 American Depositary Shares
Reverse Recapitalization [Line Items]
Liability Fair Value	$ 630		$ 1,080
Number Outstanding	4,500,000		4,500,000
Fair value of shares issued	$ 630		$ 1,080
Changes in fair value measurement	(450)
Changes in fair value measurement	(450)	(6,975)
Class C Shares
Reverse Recapitalization [Line Items]
Changes in fair value measurement	(2,500)	$ (10,750)
Class C-1 and Class C-2 Shares
Reverse Recapitalization [Line Items]
Liability Fair Value	$ 3,500		$ 6,000
Number Outstanding	24,999,965		24,999,965

Reverse recapitalization - Summary of Earn-Out Rights (Details) - Gores Guggenheim, Inc. Business Combination Agreement (BCA) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Reverse Recapitalization [Line Items]
Earn-out rights			$ 155,402
Changes in fair value measurement	$ (139,638)	$ (232,995)

Reverse recapitalization - Summary of Fair Value Change of Earn-Out Rights (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Gores Guggenheim, Inc. Business Combination Agreement (BCA)
Reverse Recapitalization [Line Items]
Gains (losses) on change in fair value of earn-out rights	$ 139,638	$ 232,995

Inventories - Schedule of Inventory (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Inventories [Abstract]
Finished goods and goods for resale	$ 805,540	$ 1,070,897
Work in progress	31	32
Provision for impairment	(79,554)	(131,570)
Total	$ 726,017	$ 939,359

Inventories - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
Inventories - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Inventories [Abstract]
Cost of inventories recognised as expense during period	$ 969,844	$ 1,155,622
Write-downs (reversals of write-downs) of inventories	$ 27,132	$ 11,795

Equity - Reverse Recapitalization Share Activity (Details)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024 shares
Class A Shares
Reconciliation of number of shares outstanding [abstract]
Number of shares outstanding (in shares)	467,976,748
Conversion From Class B To Class A. (in shares)	1,592,341,000
Equity-Settled Share-Based Payment, (in shares)	144,249
Number of shares outstanding (in shares)	2,060,461,997
Class B Shares
Reconciliation of number of shares outstanding [abstract]
Number of shares outstanding (in shares)	1,642,233,575
Conversion From Class B To Class A. (in shares)	(1,592,341,000)
Equity-Settled Share-Based Payment, (in shares)	0
Number of shares outstanding (in shares)	49,892,575
Share capital
Reconciliation of number of shares outstanding [abstract]
Number of shares outstanding (in shares)	(21,168,000)
Conversion From Class B To Class A. (in shares)	0
Equity-Settled Share-Based Payment, (in shares)	(1,000)
Number of shares outstanding (in shares)	(21,169,000)
Other contributed capital
Reconciliation of number of shares outstanding [abstract]
Number of shares outstanding (in shares)	(3,615,187,000)
Conversion From Class B To Class A. (in shares)	0
Equity-Settled Share-Based Payment, (in shares)	(6,074,000)
Number of shares outstanding (in shares)	(3,621,261,000)

Equity - Narrative (Details)	Jun. 30, 2024 vote $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2024 vote £ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2023 shares
Class A Shares
Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]
Number of additional shares authorised (in shares)	2,939,538,003	2,939,538,003
Class A Shares \| Total for all related parties
Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]
Number of shares issued (in shares)	1,675,841,017	1,675,841,017
Class B Shares
Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]
Number of additional shares authorised (in shares)	1,727,474,164	1,727,474,164
Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC ("Parent") \| Class A Shares
Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]
Par value per share (in usd per share) \| $ / shares	$ 0.01
Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC ("Parent") \| Class B Shares \| Total for all related parties
Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]
Par value per share (in usd per share) \| $ / shares	0.01
Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC ("Parent") \| Class C-1 Ordinary Shares
Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]
Par value per share (in usd per share) \| $ / shares	0.10
Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC ("Parent") \| Class C-2 American Depositary Shares
Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]
Par value per share (in usd per share) \| $ / shares	$ 0.10
Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC ("Parent") \| Redeemable Preferred Shares
Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]
Par value per share (in usd per share) \| £ / shares		£ 1.00
Number of shares issued (in shares)	50,000	50,000
Class A Shares
Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]
Number of shares outstanding (in shares)	2,060,461,997	2,060,461,997	467,976,748
Number of votes per share \| vote	1	1
Class B Shares
Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]
Number of shares outstanding (in shares)	49,892,575	49,892,575	1,642,233,575
Number of votes per share \| vote	10	10
Class C-1 Ordinary Shares \| Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC ("Parent")
Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]
Number of shares outstanding (in shares)	20,499,965	20,499,965
Class C-2 American Depositary Shares \| Polestar Automotive Holding UK PLC ("Parent")
Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]
Number of shares outstanding (in shares)	4,500,000	4,500,000
Class C Shares
Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]
Number of votes per share \| vote	1	1

Liabilities to credit institutions - Liabilities to Credit Institutions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Borrowings	$ 1,536,819	$ 2,023,582
Non Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Borrowings	947,289	0
Current and non-current liabilities to credit institutions
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Borrowings	2,484,108	2,023,582
Working capital loans from banks \| Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Borrowings	1,438,390	1,923,755
Floorplan facilities \| Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Borrowings	84,445	87,039
Sale-leaseback facilities
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Borrowings		12,788
Sale-leaseback facilities \| Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Borrowings	13,984	12,788
Syndicated loan from banks \| Non Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Borrowings	$ 947,289	$ 0

Liabilities to credit institutions - Summary of Working Capital Loans (Details) € in Thousands, ¥ in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024 CNY (¥)	Jun. 30, 2024 EUR (€)
Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Loans received	$ 1,438,390
Non Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Loans received	947,289
3 Month Secured Overnight Financing Rate Plus 2.4% \| Secured Overnight Financing Rate \| Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Unsecured bank loans received	$ 402,000
Borrowings, adjustment to interest rate basis	2.30%	2.30%	2.30%
12 Month Secured Overnight Financing Rate Plus 0.9% \| Secured Overnight Financing Rate \| Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Secured bank loans received	$ 320,000
Borrowings, adjustment to interest rate basis	0.90%	0.90%	0.90%
12 Month Secured Overnight Financing Rate Plus 1.1% \| Secured Overnight Financing Rate \| Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Unsecured bank loans received	$ 82,000
Borrowings, adjustment to interest rate basis	1.10%	1.10%	1.10%
12 Month Loan Prime Rate Plus 0.25% \| Loan Prime Rate \| Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Unsecured bank loans received	$ 68,830	¥ 500,000
Borrowings, adjustment to interest rate basis	0.25%	0.25%	0.25%
12 Month Secured Overnight Financing Rate Plus 0.65% \| Secured Overnight Financing Rate \| Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Unsecured bank loans received	$ 118,000
Borrowings, adjustment to interest rate basis	0.65%	0.65%	0.65%
12 Month Secured Overnight Financing Rate Plus 1.11% \| Secured Overnight Financing Rate \| Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Secured bank loans received	$ 100,000		€ 100,000
Borrowings, adjustment to interest rate basis	1.11%	1.11%	1.11%
12 Month Loan Prime Rate Plus 0.15% \| Loan Prime Rate \| Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Unsecured bank loans received	$ 27,532	¥ 200,000
Borrowings, adjustment to interest rate basis	0.15%	0.15%	0.15%
12 Month Loan Prime Rate Plus 1.05% \| Loan Prime Rate \| Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Unsecured bank loans received	$ 12,665	¥ 92,000
Borrowings, adjustment to interest rate basis	1.05%	1.05%	1.05%
12 Month Secured Overnight Financing Rate Plus 1.7% \| Secured Overnight Financing Rate \| Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Secured bank loans received	$ 133,000		€ 133,000
Borrowings, adjustment to interest rate basis	1.70%	1.70%	1.70%
3 Month Euro Interbank Offered Rate \| Euro Interbank Offered Rate \| Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Secured bank loans received	$ 40,971		€ 38,290
Borrowings, adjustment to interest rate basis	2.30%	2.30%	2.30%
Debt instrument, arrangement fee	0.15%	0.15%	0.15%
March 12 Month Loan Prime Rate Plus 1.05% \| Loan Prime Rate \| Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Unsecured bank loans received	$ 24,366	¥ 177,000
Borrowings, adjustment to interest rate basis	1.05%	1.05%	1.05%
April 12 Month Loan Prime Rate Plus 0.35% \| Loan Prime Rate \| Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Unsecured bank loans received	$ 65,113	¥ 473,000
Borrowings, adjustment to interest rate basis	0.35%	0.35%	0.35%
May 12 Month Loan Prime Rate Plus 0.35% \| Loan Prime Rate \| Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Unsecured bank loans received	$ 12,114	¥ 88,000
Borrowings, adjustment to interest rate basis	0.35%	0.35%	0.35%
June 12 Month Loan Prime Rate Plus 0.85% \| Loan Prime Rate \| Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Unsecured bank loans received	$ 31,799	¥ 231,000
Borrowings, adjustment to interest rate basis	0.85%	0.85%	0.85%
3 Month Secured Overnight Financing Rate Plus 3.35% \| Secured Overnight Financing Rate \| Non Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Unsecured bank loans received	$ 583,489
Borrowings, adjustment to interest rate basis	3.35%	3.35%	3.35%
3 Month Euro Interbank Offered Rate 2.85% \| Euro Interbank Offered Rate \| Non Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Unsecured bank loans received	$ 363,800		€ 340,000
Borrowings, adjustment to interest rate basis	2.85%	2.85%	2.85%

Liabilities to credit institutions - Narrative (Details) € in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024 EUR (€)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Non Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	$ 21,490
Borrowings	947,289		$ 0
Syndicated loan from banks \| Non Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Borrowings	947,289		0
Syndicated loan from banks \| Minimum \| Non Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Carrying amount of non-current liabilities with covenants	5,359,900
Debt instruments held \| €		€ 400,000
Syndicated loan from banks \| Maximum \| Non Current
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Debt instruments held	5,500,000
Floorplan facilities
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Borrowings, average amount outstanding	$ 133,785		122,786
Floorplan facilities \| Total for all related parties
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Borrowings			35,747
Sale-leaseback facilities
Disclosure of detailed information about borrowings [line items]
Borrowings			$ 12,788

Related party transactions - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Nov. 08, 2023 USD ($)	Nov. 03, 2022 USD ($)
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Share capital	$ 21,169		$ 21,168
Financial assets with contractual cash flows modified during reporting period while loss allowance measured at lifetime expected credit losses, amortised cost before modification			6,829
Other non-current financial liabilities	43,248		54,439
Gross carrying amount
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Additions	140,174
Acquired IP
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Related party transaction, intangible assets			1,058,398
Acquired IP \| Gross carrying amount
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Additions	60,768		240,312
Total for all related parties
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Revenue from sale of goods, related party transactions	$ 162,334	$ 78,310
Revenue from sale of goods, related party transactions, percentage of total revenue	0.179	0.063
Total for all related parties \| Volvo Cars
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Undrawn borrowing facilities				$ 1,000	$ 800,000
Share capital					$ 350,000
Other non-current financial liabilities	$ 0
Revenue from sale of goods, related party transactions	56,642	$ 55,311
Total for all related parties \| Volvo Cars \| Secured Overnight Financing Rate
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Borrowings, adjustment to interest rate basis					4.90%
Total for all related parties \| Geely
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Borrowings	132,237			250,000
Undrawn borrowing facilities				250,000
Other non-current financial liabilities				$ 0
Revenue from sale of goods, related party transactions	$ 0	$ 1,245
Floorplan facilities \| Total for all related parties
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Debt instrument, maturity period	1 year
Borrowings			35,747
Floorplan facilities \| Total for all related parties \| Volvo Cars
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Borrowings	$ 49,340		$ 35,747

Related party transactions - Summary of Revenue and Purchase of Goods, Services And Other for Related Party (Details) - Total for all related parties - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Revenue from sale of goods, related party transactions	$ 162,334	$ 78,310
Purchases of goods, related party transactions	640,893	1,321,988
Polestar Times Technology
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Revenue from sale of goods, related party transactions	61,650	0
Volvo Cars
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Revenue from sale of goods, related party transactions	56,642	55,311
Purchases of goods, related party transactions	448,046	1,229,939
Ziklo Bank AB
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Revenue from sale of goods, related party transactions	44,042	21,754
Purchases of goods, related party transactions	230	312
Geely
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Revenue from sale of goods, related party transactions	0	1,245
Purchases of goods, related party transactions	186,650	84,815
Renault Korea Motors Co. Ltd
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Purchases of goods, related party transactions	5,135	0
Zheijiang C2M Digital Technology Co. Ltd
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Purchases of goods, related party transactions	815	0
Wuxi InfiMotion Propulsion Technology Co., Ltd.,
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Purchases of goods, related party transactions	$ 17	$ 6,922

Related party transactions - Amounts Due To And From Related Parties (Details) - Total for all related parties - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Trade payables - related parties, accrued expenses, and other current liabilities - related parties	$ 631,089		$ 726,310
Interest bearing current liabilities - related parties	102,264		68,332
Other non-current interest-bearing liabilities - related parties	1,384,056		1,409,244
Interest expense - related parties	72,362	$ 25,782
Trade receivables - related parties, accrued income - related parties, and other current assets - related parties	75,281		223,207
Volvo Cars
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Trade payables - related parties, accrued expenses, and other current liabilities - related parties	415,470		498,729
Interest bearing current liabilities - related parties	29,255		10,628
Other non-current interest-bearing liabilities - related parties	1,030,022		1,049,463
Trade receivables - related parties, accrued income - related parties, and other current assets - related parties	19,088		168,523
Geely
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Trade payables - related parties, accrued expenses, and other current liabilities - related parties	205,144		224,808
Interest bearing current liabilities - related parties	23,669		21,956
Other non-current interest-bearing liabilities - related parties	354,034		359,781
Trade receivables - related parties, accrued income - related parties, and other current assets - related parties	43,033		43,951
Ziklo Bank AB
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Trade payables - related parties, accrued expenses, and other current liabilities - related parties	1,115		2,022
Trade receivables - related parties, accrued income - related parties, and other current assets - related parties	5,126		954
Volvo Car Financial Services UK
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Trade payables - related parties, accrued expenses, and other current liabilities - related parties	5,332		751
Interest bearing current liabilities - related parties	49,340		35,748
Trade receivables - related parties, accrued income - related parties, and other current assets - related parties	1,010		0
Polestar Times Technology
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Trade payables - related parties, accrued expenses, and other current liabilities - related parties	4,028		0
Trade receivables - related parties, accrued income - related parties, and other current assets - related parties	2,688		4,149
Wuhan Lotus Cars Co., LTD.
Disclosure of transactions between related parties [line items]
Trade receivables - related parties, accrued income - related parties, and other current assets - related parties	$ 4,336		$ 5,630

Commitments and contingencies - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Disclosure of contingent liabilities [abstract]
Commitments to acquire PPE	$ 149,315	$ 334,482
Total	176,812	162,529
Contractual capital commitments	$ 63,700	$ 68,600

Commitments and contingencies - Schedule of Future Minimum Purchase Commitments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Disclosure of contingent liabilities in business combination [line items]
Total	$ 176,812	$ 162,529
PS2 battery purchase volume commitments
Disclosure of contingent liabilities in business combination [line items]
Total	91,193
Less than 1 year	44,566
Between 1-5 years	46,627
After 5 years	0
Logistics service commitments
Disclosure of contingent liabilities in business combination [line items]
Total	38,364
Less than 1 year	38,364
Between 1-5 years	0
After 5 years	0
PS3 and PS4 purchase volume commitments
Disclosure of contingent liabilities in business combination [line items]
Total	226,954
Less than 1 year	226,954
Between 1-5 years	0
After 5 years	0
PS4 sales volume commitments
Disclosure of contingent liabilities in business combination [line items]
Total	80,885
Less than 1 year	13,483
Between 1-5 years	60,069
After 5 years	7,333
Total
Disclosure of contingent liabilities in business combination [line items]
Total	437,396
Less than 1 year	323,367
Between 1-5 years	106,696
After 5 years	$ 7,333

Subsequent events (Details) - Entering into significant commitments € in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Sep. 26, 2024 EUR (€)	Sep. 19, 2024 EUR (€)	Sep. 16, 2024 EUR (€)	Aug. 28, 2024 USD ($)	Aug. 27, 2024 USD ($)	Aug. 02, 2024 USD ($)	Nov. 08, 2024 EUR (€)	Nov. 03, 2024 EUR (€)	Sep. 27, 2024 EUR (€)	Sep. 09, 2024 EUR (€)	Aug. 23, 2024 EUR (€)	Aug. 21, 2024 EUR (€)	Aug. 20, 2024 EUR (€)
Disclosure of non-adjusting events after reporting period [line items]
Borrowings, term						11 months
Borrowings \| $						$ 196
Borrowings, interest rate						7.80%
Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A.
Disclosure of non-adjusting events after reporting period [line items]
Borrowings, term			12 months
Revolving Credit Facility \| Standard Chartered Bank
Disclosure of non-adjusting events after reporting period [line items]
Borrowings									€ 50	€ 100	€ 100		€ 300
Revolving Credit Facility \| Volvo Cars
Disclosure of non-adjusting events after reporting period [line items]
Borrowings							€ 1,000	€ 200				€ 800
Revolving Credit Facility \| Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A.
Disclosure of non-adjusting events after reporting period [line items]
Borrowings		€ 100	€ 150						€ 100
3 Month Secured Overnight Financing Rate Plus 1% \| Standard Chartered Bank \| Secured Overnight Financing Rate
Disclosure of non-adjusting events after reporting period [line items]
Borrowings, interest rate													1.00%
12 Month Secured Overnight Financing Rate Plus 1.2% \| Standard Chartered Bank \| Secured Overnight Financing Rate
Disclosure of non-adjusting events after reporting period [line items]
Borrowings, interest rate											1.20%		1.20%
1 Month Secured Overnight Financing Rate Plus 1% \| Standard Chartered Bank \| Secured Overnight Financing Rate
Disclosure of non-adjusting events after reporting period [line items]
Borrowings, interest rate									1.00%
6 Month Secured Overnight Financing Rate Plus 4.9% \| Volvo Cars \| Secured Overnight Financing Rate
Disclosure of non-adjusting events after reporting period [line items]
Borrowings, interest rate												4.90%
12 Month Secured Overnight Financing Rate Plus 1.1% \| Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A. \| Secured Overnight Financing Rate
Disclosure of non-adjusting events after reporting period [line items]
Borrowings, interest rate		1.10%
1 Month Secured Overnight Financing Rate Plus 1.1% \| Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A. \| Secured Overnight Financing Rate
Disclosure of non-adjusting events after reporting period [line items]
Borrowings, interest rate									1.10%
Working Capital Loan
Disclosure of non-adjusting events after reporting period [line items]
Borrowings, term	9 months	6 months		12 months	12 months
Borrowings	€ 104	€ 100		$ 82	$ 320
Borrowings, interest rate	7.80%	6.90%		0.55%	0.55%

Restatement of prior period financial statements - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Disclosure of initial application of standards or interpretations [abstract]
Inventories	$ 23,662
Accruals and deferrals	10,711
Capitalization of expenses	10,376
Deferred taxes and income taxes	$ 4,330

Restatement of prior period financial statements - Consolidated Statement of Loss and Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Jun. 30, 2023