Registration Statement No. 333 -
Washington, D.C. 20549
If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. ☐
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statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
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statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.C. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e)
under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.C. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant
to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933. ☐
If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for
complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐
† The term "new or revised financial accounting standard" refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. This prospectus is not an offer to
sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy or sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. These securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission is effective.
We may also offer securities of the types listed above that are convertible or exchangeable into one or more of the securities listed above. The aggregate
offering price of all securities issued and sold by us under this prospectus may not exceed $500,000,000.
In addition, the Selling Shareholders named in this prospectus or their respective donees, pledgees, transferees, designees, distributees, or other successors in interest may
sell, in one or more offerings pursuant to this prospectus, up to an aggregate of 3,107,751 of our common shares that were previously acquired as further described herein. The Selling Shareholders or their respective donees, pledgees, transferees,
designees, distributees or other successors in interest may, from time to time, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any or all of these common shares, including on any stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the shares are traded or in
privately negotiated transactions at fixed prices that may be changed, at market prices prevailing at the time of sale or at negotiated prices. Information on the Selling Shareholders and the times and manners in which they may offer and sell our
common shares are described under the sections entitled "Selling Shareholders" and "Plan of Distribution" in this prospectus. While we will bear all costs, expenses and fees in connection with the registration of the common shares, we will not
receive any of the proceeds from the sale of our common shares by the Selling Shareholders.
Our common shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, under the symbol "SALT."
The securities to be sold under this prospectus may be offered directly or through underwriters, agents or dealers. The names of any underwriters, agents or dealers will be
included in a supplement to this prospectus.
An investment in these securities involves a high degree of risk. Before you make an investment in our securities, you should carefully consider the section
entitled "Risk Factors" on page 8 of this prospectus, and other risk factors contained in any applicable prospectus supplement and in the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein.
Neither the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this
prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
This summary highlights information that appears later in this prospectus and is qualified in its entirety by the more detailed information and financial
statements included or incorporated by reference elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary may not contain all of the information that may be important to you. As an investor or prospective investor, you should carefully review the entire
prospectus, including the section of this prospectus entitled "Risk Factors" and the more detailed information that appears later in this prospectus or is contained in the documents that we incorporate by reference into this prospectus before making
an investment in our securities.
Unless the context otherwise requires, as used in this prospectus, the terms "Company," "we," "us," and "our" refer to Scorpio Bulkers Inc. and all of its
subsidiaries. "Scorpio Bulkers Inc." refers only to Scorpio Bulkers Inc. and not its subsidiaries. The term "Selling Shareholders" refers to the shareholders described in the section entitled "Selling Shareholders," on page 17.
We use the term deadweight, or dwt, expressed in metric tons, each of which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms, in describing the size of our vessels. Unless
otherwise indicated, all references to "U.S. dollars," "dollars," "U.S.$" and "$" in this prospectus are to the lawful currency of the United States of America.
The term "Scorpio Pools" refers to the Scorpio Kamsarmax Pool and the Scorpio Ultramax Pool, which are spot market-oriented pools of similarly sized vessels
operated by companies affiliated with us.
On April 7, 2020, we effected a one-for-ten reverse stock split. All share and per share information throughout this prospectus has been retroactively
adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split. The par value was not adjusted as a result of the reverse stock split.
Our Company
We are an international shipping company that owns and operates the latest generation of newbuilding drybulk carriers with fuel-efficient specifications and carrying capacities
of greater than 30,000 dwt. Our vessels transport a broad range of major and minor bulk commodities, including ores, coal, grains, and fertilizers, along worldwide shipping routes. We have recently sold eight vessels and contracted to sell fifteen
additional vessels, all of which are expected to close in the first half of 2021. Assuming completion of these vessel sales, our operating fleet will consist of 31 vessels, of which 26 are wholly-owned or finance leased drybulk vessels, with an
average age of 4.92 years as of December 10, 2020, and five are time chartered-in drybulk vessels, which we refer to collectively as our "Operating Fleet." A number of the vessels in our Operating Fleet are currently employed in the Scorpio Pools.
Our Operating Fleet will have a total carrying capacity of approximately 1.8 million dwt and all of the vessels in our Operating Fleet have carrying capacities of greater than 60,000 dwt.
In addition, in August 2020, we signed a letter of intent to enter into a shipbuilding contract with Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering Inc. to build a wind turbine
installation vessel ("WTIV") which is expected to be delivered in 2023, with options to construct three further similar vessels. Our purchase of the WTIV is subject to the negotiation and execution of definitive documentation.
Our common shares are listed for trading on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, under the symbol "SALT."
Employment of Our Fleet
We typically operate our vessels in spot market-oriented commercial pools, in the spot market or, under certain circumstances, on time charters.
Spot Market-Oriented Commercial Pools
To increase vessel utilization and thereby revenues, we participate in commercial pools with other shipowners with similar modern, well-maintained vessels. By operating a large
number of vessels as an integrated transportation system, commercial pools offer customers greater flexibility and a higher level of service while achieving scheduling efficiencies. Pools employ experienced commercial managers and operators who have
close working relationships with customers and brokers, while technical management is performed by each shipowner. The managers of the pools negotiate charters with customers primarily in the spot market but may also arrange time charter agreements.
The size and scope of these pools enable them to enhance vessel utilization rates for pool vessels by securing backhaul voyages, which is when cargo is transported on the return leg of a journey, and contracts of affreightment, or COAs, thus
generating higher effective time charter equivalent, or TCE, revenues than otherwise might be obtainable in the spot market, while providing a higher level of service offerings to customers.
As of the date of this prospectus, a number of the vessels in our Operating Fleet are employed in one of the Scorpio Pools, which exposes us to fluctuations in spot market
charter rates. Our vessels participate in the Scorpio Pools under the same contractual terms and conditions as the third party vessels in the pool. Each pool aggregates the revenues and expenses of all of the pool participants and distributes the net
earnings calculated on (i) the number of pool points for the vessel, which are based on vessel attributes such as cargo carrying capacity, fuel consumption, and construction characteristics, and (ii) the number of days the vessel operated in the
period. Scorpio Commercial Management S.A.M., or SCM, a Monaco corporation controlled by the Lolli-Ghetti family of which our co-founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer is a member, as is our Vice President, is responsible for the
administration of the pool and the commercial management of the participating vessels, including marketing the pool, negotiating charters, including voyage charters, short duration time charters and COAs, conducting pool operations, including the
distribution of pool cash earnings, and managing bunker (fuel oil) purchases, port charges and administrative services for the vessels. SCM, as operator of the Scorpio Pools, charges $300 a day for each vessel, whether owned by us or chartered-in,
plus a 1.75% commission on the gross revenues per charter fixture. See "—Management of Our Vessels" below.
The pool participants remain responsible for all other costs including the financing, insurance, manning and technical management of their vessels. The earnings of all of the
vessels are aggregated and divided according to the relative performance capabilities of the vessel and the actual earning days each vessel is available.
Spot Market
A spot market voyage charter is generally a contract to carry a specific cargo from a load port to a discharge port for an agreed freight per ton of cargo or a specified total
amount. Under spot market voyage charters, we pay specific voyage expenses such as port, canal and bunker costs. Spot charter rates are volatile and fluctuate on a seasonal and year-to-year basis.
Fluctuations derive from imbalances in the availability of cargoes for shipment and the number of vessels available at any given time to transport these cargoes. Vessels
operating in the spot market generate revenue that is less predictable than those under time charters, but may enable us to capture increased profit margins during periods of improvements in drybulk vessel charter rates. Downturns in the drybulk
industry would result in a reduction in profit margins.
Time Charters
Time charters give us a fixed and stable cash flow for a known period of time. Time charters also mitigate in part the volatility and seasonality of the spot market business,
which is generally weaker in the second and third quarters of the year. We opportunistically employ vessels under time charter contracts. We may also enter into time charter contracts with profit sharing agreements, which enable us to benefit when
the spot market rates increase.
Management of Our Vessels
In 2016, we agreed to amend our master agreement, or the Master Agreement, with SCM and Scorpio Ship Management S.A.M., or SSM, and our administrative services agreement, or the
Administrative Services Agreement, with Scorpio Services Holding Limited, or SSH (both entities controlled by the Lolli-Ghetti family), under a deed of amendment, or the Deed of Amendment. Pursuant to the terms of the Deed of Amendment, on December
9, 2016, we entered into definitive documentation to memorialize the agreed amendments to the Master Agreement, or the Amended and Restated Master Agreement. The Amended and Restated Master Agreement and the Administrative Services Agreement as
amended by the Deed of Amendment, or the Amended Administrative Services Agreement, are effective as from September 29, 2016.
In December 2017, we agreed to amend the Amended and Restated Master Agreement to amend and restate the technical management agreement thereunder subject to bank consents being
obtained (where required), which were subsequently obtained. On February 22, 2018, we entered into definitive documentation to memorialize the agreed amendments to the Amended and Restated Master Agreement under a deed of amendment, or the Amendment
Agreement. The Amended and Restated Master Agreement as amended by the Amendment Agreement, or the Revised Master Agreement, is effective as from January 1, 2018.
Set forth below is a description of the other material terms of the Revised Master Agreement and the Amended Administrative Services Agreement.
Commercial and Technical Management - Revised Master Agreement
Our vessels are commercially managed by SCM and technically managed by SSM pursuant to the Revised Master Agreement, which may be terminated by either party upon 24 months'
notice, unless terminated earlier in accordance with its terms. In the event of the sale of one or more vessels, a notice period of three months' and a payment equal to three months of management fees will apply, provided that the termination does
not amount to a change of control, including a sale of substantially all vessels under management, in which case a payment equal to 24 months of management fees will apply. Additional drybulk vessels that we may charter-in or acquire in the future
are expected to be managed under the Revised Master Agreement or on substantially similar terms as the Revised Master Agreement.
SCM's commercial management services include securing employment for our vessels in the spot market or on time charters. SCM also manages the Scorpio Pools (spot market-oriented
vessel pools) including the Scorpio Ultramax Pool, the Scorpio Kamsarmax Pool and the currently inactive Scorpio Capesize Pool in which a number of our owned, finance leased and time chartered-in vessels are employed and from which a significant
portion of our revenue is generated. For commercial management of any of our vessels that does not operate in one of these pools, we pay SCM a daily fee of $300 per vessel, plus a 1.75% commission on the gross revenues per charter fixture. The
Scorpio Ultramax Pool and Scorpio Kamsarmax Pool participants, including us and third-party owners of similar vessels, pay SCM a pool management fee of $300 per vessel per day, plus a 1.75% commission on the gross revenues per charter fixture.
SSM's technical management services include providing technical support, such as arranging the hiring of qualified officers and crew, supervising the maintenance and performance
of vessels, purchasing supplies, spare parts and new equipment, arranging and supervising drydocking and repairs, and monitoring regulatory and classification society compliance and customer standards. We pay SSM an annual fee of $160,000 plus
charges for certain itemized services per vessel to provide technical management services for each of our owned or finance leased vessels. In addition, representatives of SSM, including certain subcontractors, previously provided us with construction
supervisory services while our vessels were being constructed in shipyards. For these services, we compensated SSM between $200,000 and $500,000 per vessel. Representatives of SSM, including certain subcontractors, provide supervisory services during
drydocking, for which they are compensated.
Administrative Services - Amended Administrative Services Agreement
In 2016, we entered into the Amended Administrative Services Agreement with SSH for the provision of administrative staff, office space and accounting, legal compliance,
financial and information technology services for which we reimburse SSH for the direct and indirect expenses incurred while providing such services. The services provided to us by SSH may be sub-contracted to other entities within the Scorpio group
of companies, or Scorpio.
SSH also arranges vessel sales and purchases for us, including newbuildings, for which, in respect of construction contracts executed prior to September 2016, when the
Administrative Services Agreement was amended, we previously paid SSH a fee, payable in our common shares. The amount of common shares payable was determined by dividing $250,000 by the market value of our common shares based on the volume weighted
average price of our common shares over the 30-trading day period immediately preceding the contract date of a definitive agreement to acquire any vessel. As of the date of this prospectus, we issued an aggregate of 18,072 common shares to SSH in
connection with the deliveries of newbuilding vessels.
In addition, SSH has agreed with us not to own any drybulk carriers greater than 30,000 dwt for so long as the Amended Administrative Services Agreement is in full force and
effect. This agreement may be terminated by SSH upon 12 months' notice or by us with 24 months' notice.
Corporate Structure
Scorpio Bulkers Inc. was incorporated in the Republic of the Marshall Islands on March 20, 2013. Our principal executive offices are located at 9, Boulevard Charles III, MC 98000
Monaco. Our telephone number at that address is 377 9798 5715. We own our vessels through separate wholly-owned subsidiaries that are incorporated in the Republic of the Marshall Islands. Our website is www.scorpiobulkers.com. The information
contained in or connected to our website is not part of this prospectus.
The summary below provides an overview of many of the risks we face, and a more detailed discussion of such risks and others we
face is set forth in "Item 3—Key Information—D. Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the Commission on April 2, 2020, as updated by annual, quarterly and other reports and documents we
file with the Commission after the date of this prospectus and that are incorporated by reference herein, and under the caption “Risk Factors” in this prospectus, collectively, the Risk Factors Discussion. Additional risks, beyond those
summarized below or discussed in the Risk Factors Discussion or elsewhere in this prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein, may also materially and adversely impact our business operations or financial results.
Industry Specific Risk Factors
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Charterhire rates for drybulk vessels are volatile, which has in the past and may in the future adversely affect our earnings, revenue and profitability and our ability to comply with our loan covenants.
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Global economic conditions may continue to negatively impact the drybulk shipping industry.
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If economic conditions throughout the world decline, particularly in China and the rest of the Asia-Pacific region, this could negatively affect our results of operations, financial condition, cash flows
and ability to obtain financing, and may adversely affect the market price of our common shares.
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The fair market values of our vessels have declined and may decline further, which could cause us to breach certain financial covenants in our credit facilities, or result in an impairment charge, and we
may incur a loss if we sell vessels following a decline in their market value.
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A reduction in charter rates and other market deterioration may require us to record impairment charges related to our long-lived assets (our vessels) and such charges may be large and have a material
impact on our consolidated financial statements.
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We are subject to complex laws and regulations, including environmental regulations that can adversely affect the cost, manner or feasibility of doing business.
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An over-supply of drybulk carrier capacity may prolong or further depress the current low charter rates, which may limit our ability to operate our drybulk carriers profitably.
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Outbreaks of epidemic and pandemic diseases, including COVID-19, and governmental responses thereto could adversely affect our business.
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World events, including terrorist attacks and political conflicts, could affect our results of operations and financial condition.
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If our vessels call on ports located in countries that are subject to restrictions, sanctions, or embargoes imposed by the U.S. government, the European Union, the United Nations, or other governments, it
could lead to monetary fines or adversely affect our reputation and the market for our shares of common stock and their trading price.
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Our operating results are subject to seasonal fluctuations, which could affect our operating results.
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We are subject to international safety regulations and requirements imposed by our classification societies and the failure to comply with these regulations and requirements may subject us to increased
liability, may adversely affect our insurance coverage and may result in a denial of access to, or detention in, certain ports.
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The price of fuel, or bunkers, may affect our profits.
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We operate drybulk vessels worldwide and as a result, our business has inherent operational risks, which may reduce our revenue or increase our expenses, and we may not be adequately covered by insurance.
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Failure to comply with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act could result in fines, criminal penalties, contract terminations and an adverse effect on our business.
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Company Specific Risk Factors and Risks Relating to our Common Shares
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We cannot assure you that our available liquidity will be sufficient to meet our ongoing capital and operating needs.
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We are subject to certain risks with respect to our counterparties on contracts, and failure of such counterparties to meet their obligations could cause us to suffer losses or negatively impact our results
of operations and cash flows.
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We are dependent on spot market-oriented pools and spot charters and currently low spot charter rates, or any further decrease in spot charter rates in the future will result in significant operating
losses.
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We cannot assure you that our Board of Directors will continue to declare dividends.
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Operating secondhand vessels exposes us to increased operating costs which may adversely affect our earnings and, as our fleet ages, the risks associated with older vessels could adversely affect our
ability to obtain profitable charters.
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The aging of our fleet may result in increased operating costs in the future, which could adversely affect our earnings.
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In the highly competitive international shipping industry, we may not be able to compete for charters with new entrants or established companies with greater resources, and as a result, we may be unable to
employ our vessels profitably.
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We may be subject to litigation that, if not resolved in our favor and not sufficiently insured against, could have a material adverse effect on us.
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We are a holding company, and we depend on the ability of our subsidiaries to distribute funds to us in order to satisfy our financial obligations and to make dividend payments.
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Our costs of operating as a public company are significant, and our management is required to devote substantial time to complying with public company regulations. We cannot assure you that our internal
controls and procedures over financial reporting will be sufficient.
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Because we are organized under the laws of the Marshall Islands, it may be difficult to serve us with legal process or enforce judgments against us, our directors or our management, and the international
nature of our operations may make the outcome of any bankruptcy proceedings difficult to predict.
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We may have to pay tax on U.S. source income, which would reduce our earnings and cash flow.
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U.S. tax authorities could treat us as a “passive foreign investment company,” which could have adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences to our U.S. shareholders.
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Servicing our current or future indebtedness limits funds available for other purposes and if we cannot service our debt, we may lose our vessels.
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We are exposed to volatility in the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, and have entered into derivative contracts, which can result in higher than market interest rates and charges against our income.
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We are leveraged, which could significantly limit our ability to execute our business strategy and we may be unable to comply with our covenants in our credit facilities that impose operating and financial
restrictions on us, which could result in a default under the terms of these agreements.
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We are dependent on our managers and their ability to hire and retain key personnel, and there may be conflicts of interest between us and our managers that may not be resolved in our favor.
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Our officers do not devote all of their time to our business, which may hinder our ability to operate successfully.
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The market price of shares of Scorpio Tankers, in which we have a significant investment, has fluctuated widely and may continue to fluctuate widely in the future.
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The market price of our common shares has fluctuated widely and may fluctuate widely in the future, or there may be no continuing public market for you to resell our common shares.
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Anti-takeover provisions in our organizational documents could have the effect of discouraging, delaying or preventing a merger or acquisition, or could make it difficult for our shareholders to replace or
remove our current Board of Directors, which could adversely affect the market price of our common shares.
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The Securities We or the Selling Shareholders May Offer
We may use this prospectus to offer, through one or more offerings, up to $500,000,000 of our common shares, preferred shares, debt securities, warrants, rights, purchase
contracts, and units. We may also offer securities of the types aforementioned that are convertible or exchangeable into one or more of the securities aforementioned. A prospectus supplement will describe the specific types, amounts, prices, and
detailed terms of any of these offered securities and may describe certain risks in addition to those set forth below associated with an investment in the securities. Terms used in the prospectus supplement will have the meanings described in this
prospectus, unless otherwise specified.
In addition, the Selling Shareholders identified herein may sell in one or more offerings pursuant to this prospectus up to an aggregate of 3,107,751 of our common shares that
were previously acquired as further described herein. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of our common shares by the Selling Shareholders.
RISK FACTORS
An investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before making an investment in our securities, you should carefully consider all of the
information included in this prospectus, the risk factors and all of the other information included in any prospectus supplement and the documents that have been incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement, including
those in "Item 3—Key Information—D. Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the Commission on April 2, 2020, as updated by annual, quarterly and other reports and documents we file with the
Commission after the date of this prospectus and that are incorporated by reference herein. Please see the section of this prospectus entitled "Where You Can Find Additional Information—Information Incorporated by Reference." The occurrence of one or
more of those risk factors could adversely impact our business, financial condition or results of operations. When we offer and sell any securities pursuant to a prospectus supplement, we may include additional risk factors relevant to such
securities in the prospectus supplement.
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Scorpio Bulkers Inc. desires to take advantage of the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and is including this cautionary statement in
connection therewith. This document and any other written or oral statements made by us or on our behalf may include forward-looking statements, which reflect our current views with respect to future events and financial performance. The Private
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides safe harbor protections for forward-looking statements in order to encourage companies to provide prospective information about their business. Forward-looking statements include statements concerning
plans, objectives, goals, strategies, future events or performance, and underlying assumptions and other statements, which are other than statements of historical facts. This document includes assumptions, expectations, projections, intentions and
beliefs about future events. These statements are intended as "forward-looking statements." We caution that assumptions, expectations, projections, intentions and beliefs about future events may and often do vary from actual results and the
differences can be material. When used in this document, the words "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," "intend," "plan," "targets," "projects," "likely," "will," "would," "could" and similar expressions or phrases may identify
forward-looking statements.
All statements in this document that are not statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, such
matters as:
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our future operating or financial results;
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statements about planned, pending or recent acquisitions, changes to our business or business strategy, and expected capital spending or operating expenses, including drydocking, surveys, upgrades and insurance costs;
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the strength of world economies;
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the length and severity of the recent novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak, including its impact on the demand for seaborne transportation of bulk goods;
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the stability of Europe and the Euro;
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fluctuations in interest rates and foreign exchange rates;
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changes in the supply of drybulk vessels, including when caused by new newbuilding vessel orders or changes to or terminations of existing orders, and vessel scrapping levels;
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general drybulk shipping market conditions, including fluctuations in charterhire rates and vessel values;
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changes in demand in the drybulk shipping industry, including the market for our vessels;
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compliance with, and liabilities under, governmental, tax, environmental and safety laws and regulations;
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changes in the value of our vessels;
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changes in our operating expenses, including bunker prices, drydocking and insurance costs;
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changes in governmental rules and regulations or actions taken by regulatory authorities;
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potential liability from pending or future litigation;
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general domestic and international political conditions;
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potential disruption of shipping routes due to accidents or political events;
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our ability to procure or have access to financing, our liquidity and the adequacy of cash flows for our operations;
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our continued borrowing availability under our debt agreements and compliance with the covenants contained therein;
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our ability to successfully employ our vessels;
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our ability to fund future capital expenditures and investments in the construction, acquisition and refurbishment of our vessels (including the amount and nature thereof and the timing of completion thereof, the delivery and commencement
of operations dates, expected downtime and lost revenue);
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risks associated with vessel construction;
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potential exposure or loss from investment in derivative instruments or other equity investments in which we invest;
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potential conflicts of interest involving members of our board and senior management and our significant shareholders;
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our expectations regarding the availability of vessel acquisitions and our ability to complete acquisition transactions planned;
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vessel breakdowns and instances of off-hire; and
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drybulk shipping market trends, charter rates and factors affecting supply and demand.
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We have based these statements on assumptions and analyses formed by applying our experience and perception of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments
and other factors we believe are appropriate in the circumstances. All future written and verbal forward-looking statements attributable to us or any person acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements
contained in or referred to in this section. We undertake no obligation, and specifically decline any obligation, except as required by law, to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future
events or otherwise. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed in this prospectus might not occur.
These factors and the other risk factors described in this prospectus are not necessarily all of the important factors that could cause actual results or developments to differ
materially from those expressed in any of our forward-looking statements. Other unknown or unpredictable factors also could harm our results. Consequently, there can be no assurance that actual results or developments anticipated by us will be
realized or, even if substantially realized, that they will have the expected consequences to, or effects on, us. Given these uncertainties, current and prospective investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking
statements.
USE OF PROCEEDS
We intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of securities by us offered by this prospectus as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.
We will not receive any proceeds from sales of our common shares by the Selling Shareholders.
CAPITALIZATION
A prospectus supplement or report on Form 6-K incorporated by reference into the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part will include information relating to
our capitalization.
SERVICE OF PROCESS AND ENFORCEMENT OF CIVIL LIABILITIES
We are organized under the laws of the Marshall Islands as a corporation. The Marshall Islands has a less developed body of securities laws as compared to the United States and
provides protections for investors to a significantly lesser extent.
Most of our directors and officers are residents of countries other than the United States. Substantially all of our and our subsidiaries' assets and a substantial portion of the assets of our
directors and officers are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult or impossible for United States investors to effect service of process within the United States upon us, our directors or officers, or to realize against
us or them judgments obtained in United States courts, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States. However, we have expressly submitted to the
jurisdiction of the U.S. federal and New York state courts sitting in the City of New York for the purpose of any suit, action or proceeding arising under the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States. The Trust Company
of the Marshall Islands, Inc., Trust Company Complex, Ajeltake Island, Ajeltake Road, Majuro, Marshall Islands MH96960, as our registered agent, can accept service of process on our behalf in any such action.
In addition, there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of the Marshall Islands would (1) recognize or enforce against us or our directors or officers judgments of courts of the United States
based on civil liability provisions of applicable U.S. federal and state securities laws; or (2) impose liabilities against us or our directors and officers in original actions brought in the Marshall Islands, based on these laws.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
We may sell or distribute the securities offered by us pursuant to this prospectus in one or more offerings, including on any stock exchange, quotation service, market or other
trading facility on which our securities are listed or traded, in the over-the-counter market, through underwriters, through agents, to dealers, or in private transactions, at fixed prices, at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices
related to the prevailing market prices, at varying prices (which may be above or below market prices prevailing at the time of sale), at negotiated prices or otherwise. In addition, the Selling Shareholders, which as used herein includes donees,
pledgees, transferees, designees, distributees, or other successors in interest, and their respective affiliates that are direct or indirect equity investors in us, including other successors in interest selling our common shares received after the
date of this prospectus from the Selling Shareholders as a gift, pledge, distribution, dividend, or other transfer, may, from time to time, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any or all of the common shares offered by the Selling Shareholders
pursuant to this prospectus, including on any stock exchange, quotation service, market or other trading facility on which our common shares are listed or traded, in the over-the-counter market, through underwriters, through agents, to dealers, or
in private transactions, at fixed prices, at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to the prevailing market prices, at varying prices (which may be above or below market prices prevailing at the time of sale), at
negotiated prices or otherwise.
We may sell some or all of our securities offered by us pursuant to this prospectus, and the Selling Shareholders may sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of some or all of our
common shares offered by the Selling Shareholders pursuant to this prospectus, through:
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a distribution by way of a dividend or otherwise to our existing shareholders or existing shareholders of the Selling Shareholders;
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one or more block trades in which a broker-dealer will attempt to sell the shares as agent, but may reposition and resell a portion of the block, as principal, in order to facilitate the transaction;
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purchases by a broker-dealer, as principal, and resale by the broker-dealer for its account;
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ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which a broker-dealer solicits purchasers;
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underwriters, brokers or dealers (who may act as agents or principals) or directly to one or more purchasers;
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an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange;
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broker-dealers, who may agree with us or the Selling Shareholders to sell a specified number of such shares at a stipulated price per share;
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public or privately negotiated transactions;
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short sales effected after the date the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part is declared effective by the Commission;
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through the writing or settlement of options or other hedging transactions, whether through an options exchange or otherwise;
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trading plans entered into by us or the Selling Shareholders pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, that are in place at the time of an offering pursuant to this prospectus and
any applicable prospectus supplement hereto that provide for periodic sales of our securities on the basis of parameters described in such trading plans;
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any combination of the foregoing; or
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any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.
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We, with respect to the securities offered by us pursuant to this prospectus, and the Selling Shareholders, with respect to the common shares owned by them, may, from time to
time, pledge or grant a security interest in some or all such securities or common shares, respectively, and, if we or the Selling Shareholders default in the performance of our secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may offer and
sell the securities or common shares, as the case may be, from time to time, under this prospectus, or under an amendment to this prospectus under Rule 424(b)(3) or other applicable provision of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the
Securities Act, amending the list of selling shareholders to include the donee, pledgee, transferee, designee, distributee or other successors in interest as selling shareholders under this prospectus. The Selling Shareholders also may transfer
the common shares owned by them in other circumstances, in which case the donees, transferees, pledgees, designees, distributees, or other successors in interest will be the selling beneficial owners for purposes of this prospectus.
In connection with the sale of our securities we may, and in connection with the common shares owned by them, the Selling Shareholders may, enter into hedging transactions with
broker-dealers or other financial institutions, which may in turn engage in short sales of such securities or common shares in the course of hedging the positions they assume. We or the Selling Shareholders may also sell our securities or common
shares short and deliver these securities or common shares to close out our or their short positions, or loan or pledge the securities or common shares to broker-dealers that in turn may sell these securities or common shares. We or the Selling
Shareholders may also enter into option or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions or the creation of one or more derivative securities which require the delivery to such broker-dealer or other financial institution
of the securities or common shares offered by this prospectus, which securities or common shares such broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such transaction).
The Selling Shareholders also may sell all or a portion of our common shares in open market transactions in reliance upon Rule 144 under the Securities Act, regardless of
whether the shares are offered in this prospectus, provided that they meet the criteria and conform to the requirements of that rule.
There can be no assurance that the Selling Shareholders will sell any or all of our common shares offered by this prospectus.
The aggregate proceeds to the Selling Shareholders from the sale of our common shares offered by them will be the purchase price of the common shares less discounts or
commissions, if any. The Selling Shareholders reserve the right to accept and, together with their respective agents from time to time, to reject, in whole or in part, any proposed purchase of common shares to be made directly or through agents.
We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of our common shares by the Selling Shareholders.
The Selling Shareholders and any underwriters, broker-dealers or agents that participate in the sale of our securities may be deemed by the Commission to be "underwriters"
within the meaning of Section 2(a)(11) of the Securities Act. Any discounts, commissions, concessions or profit they earn on any resale of the securities may therefore be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. A selling
shareholder who is deemed by the Commission to be an "underwriter" within the meaning of Section 2(a)(11) of the Securities Act will be subject to the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act.
We have informed the Selling Shareholders, or will inform them, that the anti-manipulation rules of Regulation M, promulgated under the Exchange Act, may apply to sales of our
common shares by the Selling Shareholders in the market and to the activities of the Selling Shareholders and their respective affiliates. In addition, to the extent applicable we will make copies of this prospectus (as it may be supplemented or
amended from time to time) available to the Selling Shareholders for the purpose of satisfying the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act. The Selling Shareholders may indemnify any broker, dealer or agent that participates in
transactions involving the sale of our common shares against certain liabilities, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act.
As of the date of this prospectus, we are not a party to any agreement, arrangement or understanding between any broker or dealer and us with respect to the offer or sale of
our securities pursuant to this prospectus.
At the time that any particular offering of securities is made, to the extent required by the Securities Act, a prospectus or prospectus supplement or, if appropriate, a
post-effective amendment, will be distributed, setting forth the terms of the offering, including the aggregate number of securities being offered, the purchase price of the securities, the public offering price of the securities, the names of any
underwriters, dealers or agents and any applicable discounts or commission.
In order to comply with the securities laws of some states, if applicable, our securities may be sold in these jurisdictions only through registered or licensed brokers or
dealers. In addition, in some states our securities may not be sold unless they have been registered or qualified for sale or an exemption from registration or qualification requirements is available and is complied with.
Underwriters or agents could make sales in privately negotiated transactions and/or any other method permitted by law, including sales deemed to be an at-the-market offering as
defined in Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act, which includes sales made directly on or through the NYSE, the existing trading market for our common shares, or sales made to or through a market maker other than on an exchange.
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The following table sets forth information regarding beneficial ownership of our common shares for (i) owners of more than five percent of our common shares and (ii) our
directors and executive officers, of which we are aware as of December 10, 2020.
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Name
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No. of Shares
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% Owned (1)
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GRM Investments Ltd.
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1,825,643
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(3)
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15.7
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%
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Evermore Global Advisors, LLC *
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Directors and executive officers as a group
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902,707
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(5)
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7.8
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%
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____________________
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(1)
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Calculated based on 11,635,109 common shares outstanding as of December 10, 2020.
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(2)
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This information is derived from the Schedule 13D/A filed with the Commission on November 27, 2020 by Scorpio Holdings Limited, Scorpio Services Holding Limited, and Ms. Annalisa Lolli-Ghetti. Ms. Annalisa
Lolli-Ghetti may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of these shares by virtue of being the majority shareholder of Scorpio Holdings Limited. Emanuele Lauro, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Robert Bugbee, our Director and
President, and Cameron Mackey, our Chief Operating Officer, own 10%, 10% and 7% of Scorpio Holdings Limited, respectively.
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(3)
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This information is derived from the Schedule 13G/A filed with the Commission on June 12, 2020.
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(4)
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This information is derived from the Schedule 13G/A filed with the Commission on January 30, 2020 and has been adjusted to reflect the one-for-ten reverse stock split, effective April 7, 2020.
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(5)
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Assuming the full exercise of call options on 73,000 common shares.
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* Includes common shares held by funds managed thereby.
As of December 10, 2020, we had 119 shareholders of record, 39 of which were located in the United States and held an aggregate of 11,293,320 of our common shares, representing 97.1% of our
outstanding common shares as of that date. However, one of the U.S. shareholders of record is CEDE & CO., a nominee of The Depository Trust Company, which held 10,931,810 of our common shares as of December 10, 2020. Accordingly, we believe that
the shares held by CEDE & CO. include common shares beneficially owned by both holders in the United States and non-U.S. beneficial owners. We are not aware of any arrangements the operation of which may at a subsequent date result in our change
of control.
SELLING SHAREHOLDERS
This prospectus relates to, among other things, the proposed sale from time to time of up to an aggregate of 3,107,751 of our common shares (as used in this section, the "Selling
Shareholder Shares") previously acquired by the Selling Shareholders named in the table below. We have filed the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, among other reasons, in order to permit the Selling Shareholders to offer
the Selling Shareholder Shares for resale or transfer from time to time as set forth above in "Plan of Distribution."
Scorpio Holdings Limited, a related party to us and member of Scorpio, directly acquired 465,917 of the Selling Shareholder Shares by way of dividend from Scorpio Assets SALT
Limited, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Scorpio Holdings Limited and member of Scorpio. In addition, Scorpio Holdings Limited may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of the 2,641,834 Selling Shareholder Shares held directly by Scorpio
Services Holding Limited, a related party to us and member of Scorpio, which were acquired by Scorpio Services Holding Limited in open market transactions, transactions directly with us, and as consideration for services provided by Scorpio Services
Holding Limited.
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the Selling Shareholders and their beneficial ownership of our common shares. The table is based upon information
provided by the Selling Shareholders. The table assumes that all the shares being offered by the Selling Shareholders pursuant to this prospectus are ultimately sold in the offering. The Selling Shareholders may sell some, all or none of their shares
covered by this prospectus, and as a result the actual number of shares that will be held by the Selling Shareholders upon termination of the offering may exceed the minimum number set forth in the table.
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Name of Selling Shareholder
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Common Shares Beneficially Owned Before Offering(1)
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Percentage of Class Prior to the Offering(2)
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Total Common Shares Offered Hereby
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Common Shares Owned Following the Offering
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Percentage of Class Following the Offering
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Scorpio Holdings Limited (3)
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3,107,751
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26.7
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%
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3,107,751
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0
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0
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%
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Scorpio Services Holding Limited (4)
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_________________________
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(1)
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Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the Rule 13d-3(a) of the Exchange Act, and generally includes voting or investment power with respect to securities. Except as subject to community property
laws or otherwise as described in the notes below, where applicable, the person named above has voting and investment power with respect to all common shares shown as beneficially owned by it.
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(2)
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Based on 11,635,109 common shares outstanding as of December 10, 2020.
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(3)
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Scorpio Holdings Limited, is a related party to us and member of Scorpio. Scorpio Holdings Limited may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of the 2,641,834 common shares held by Scorpio Services Holding
Limited. In addition, Scorpio Holdings Limited owns 465,917 common shares directly. For more information about our relationship with Scorpio Holdings Limited, please see our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2019,
filed with the Commission on April 2, 2020.
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(4)
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Scorpio Services Holding Limited is a related party to us and member of Scorpio. Scorpio Services Holding Limited owns 2,641,834 common shares directly. For more information about our relationship with Scorpio
Services Holding Limited, please see our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the Commission on April 2, 2020.
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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
The following is a description of the material terms of our amended and restated articles of incorporation, as amended ("amended and restated articles of incorporation"), and
amended and restated bylaws. Copies of our amended and restated articles of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
Purpose
Our purpose, as stated in our amended and restated articles of incorporation, is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may now or hereafter be organized
under the Marshall Islands Business Corporations Act, or the BCA. Our amended and restated articles of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws do not impose any limitations on the ownership rights of our shareholders.
Authorized Capital Stock
Under our amended and restated articles of incorporation our authorized capital stock consists of 31,875,000 common shares, par value $0.01 per share, of which 11,635,109 common
shares were issued and outstanding as of December 10, 2020 (excluding 1,609,056 treasury shares), and 50,000,000 preferred shares, par value $0.01 per share, of which no shares are issued and outstanding.
Share History
In November 2017, in connection with the purchase of three Ultramax vessels, we issued warrants to purchase approximately 160,000 common shares at an exercise price of $81.00 per
share to an unaffiliated third party as part of the total consideration paid. The warrants were exercised and we issued the shares in January 2018.
On December 29, 2017, in connection with our purchase of one 2015-built Ultramax vessel, we issued 91,080 common shares, par value $0.01 per share, to the parent of the seller.
On April 7, 2020, our board of directors effected a one-for-ten reverse stock split of our common shares, par value $0.01 per share, and a reduction in the total number of
authorized common shares to 31,875,000 shares. The reverse stock split reduced the number of outstanding common shares from approximately 72.5 million shares to approximately 7.2 million shares. Our shareholders approved the reverse stock split and
change in authorized common shares at our annual general meeting of shareholders held on April 3, 2020.
In June 2020, we issued approximately 4.7 million common shares, par value $0.01 per share, at $18.46 per share in an underwritten public offering (which includes the exercise in
full of the underwriters' option to purchase additional shares). We received approximately $82.3 million of net proceeds from the issuance. SSH, a Selling Shareholder, purchased 950,000 common shares in the offering at the public offering price.
During the period from January 1, 2020 through December 10, 2020, we issued an aggregate of 425,000 restricted shares to certain of our directors, officers, and employees and SSH
employees pursuant to our Equity Incentive Plan, which are subject to certain vesting restrictions. For additional information regarding our Equity Incentive Plan and issuances of common shares thereunder, please see our Annual Report on Form 20-F
for the year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the Commission on April 2, 2020, which is incorporated by reference herein.
In January 2019, our Board of Directors authorized a Securities Repurchase Program to purchase up to an aggregate of $50.0 million of our securities (the "Program"). During the
period from October 1, 2020 through December 10, 2020, we repurchased approximately 0.8 million of our common shares under the Program for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $11.3 million (or at an average purchase price of $15.01 per
repurchased share), funded from available cash resources. Approximately $38.7 million remains available for further repurchases under the Program.
Common Shares
Each outstanding common share entitles the holder to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of shareholders. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding
preferred shares, holders of common shares are entitled to receive ratably all dividends, if any, declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available for dividends. Upon our dissolution or liquidation or the sale of all or substantially
all of our assets, after payment in full of all amounts required to be paid to creditors and to the holders of preferred stock having liquidation preferences, if any, the holders of our common shares are entitled to receive pro rata our remaining
assets available for distribution. Holders of common shares do not have conversion, redemption or pre-emptive rights to subscribe to any of our securities. The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of our common shares are subject to the
rights of the holders of any preferred shares, which we may issue in the future.
Preferred Shares
Our amended and restated articles of incorporation authorize our board of directors to establish one or more series of preferred shares and to determine, with respect to any
series of preferred shares, the terms and rights of that series, including:
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the designation of the series;
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the number of shares of the series;
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the preferences and relative, participating, option or other special rights, if any, and any qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such series; and
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the voting rights, if any, of the holders of the series.
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Directors
Our directors are elected by a plurality of the votes cast by shareholders entitled to vote. There is no provision for cumulative voting.
Our amended and restated bylaws require our board of directors to consist of at least one member. Our board of directors currently consists of eight members. Our amended and
restated bylaws may be amended by the vote of a majority of our entire board of directors.
Directors are elected annually on a staggered basis, and each director elected holds office for a three year term or until his or her successor shall have been duly elected and
qualified, except in the event of his or her death, resignation, removal, or the earlier termination of his or her term of office.
Shareholder Meetings
Under our amended and restated bylaws, annual meetings of shareholders will be held at a time and place selected by our board of directors. The meetings may be held in or outside
of the Marshall Islands. Special meetings may be called at any time by a majority of our board of directors, the chairman of our board of directors, an officer of the Company who is also a director or a majority of the shares then outstanding and
eligible to vote. Our board of directors may set a record date between 15 and 60 days before the date of any meeting to determine the shareholders that will be eligible to receive notice and vote at the meeting. One or more shareholders representing
at least one-third of the total voting rights of our total issued and outstanding shares present in person or by proxy at a shareholder meeting shall constitute a quorum for the purposes of the meeting.
Dissenters' Rights of Appraisal and Payment
Under the BCA, our shareholders have the right to dissent from various corporate actions, including any merger or consolidation and the sale of all or substantially all of our
assets not made in the usual course of our business, and receive payment of the fair value of their shares. In the event of any further amendment of our amended and restated articles of incorporation, a shareholder also has the right to dissent and
receive payment for his or her shares if the amendment alters certain rights in respect of those shares. The dissenting shareholder must follow the procedures set forth in the BCA to receive payment. In the event that we and any dissenting
shareholder fail to agree on a price for the common shares, the BCA procedures involve, among other things, the institution of proceedings in the high court of the Republic of The Marshall Islands or in any appropriate court in any jurisdiction in
which our shares are primarily traded on a local or national securities exchange.
Shareholders' Derivative Actions
Under the BCA, any of our shareholders may bring an action in our name to procure a judgment in our favor, also known as a derivative action, provided that the shareholder
bringing the action is a holder of common shares both at the time the derivative action is commenced and at the time of the transaction to which the action relates.
Limitations on Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors
The BCA authorizes corporations to limit or eliminate the personal liability of directors to corporations and their shareholders for monetary damages for breaches of directors'
fiduciary duties. Our amended and restated articles of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws include a provision that eliminates the personal liability of directors for monetary damages for actions taken as a director to the fullest extent
permitted by law.
Our amended and restated bylaws provide that we must indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent authorized by law. We are also expressly authorized to advance
certain expenses (including attorney's fees and disbursements and court costs) to our directors and officers and carry directors' and officers' insurance providing indemnification for our directors, officers and certain employees for some
liabilities. We believe that these indemnification provisions and this insurance are useful to attract and retain qualified directors and officers.
The limitation of liability and indemnification provisions in our amended and restated articles of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws may discourage shareholders from
bringing a lawsuit against directors for breach of their fiduciary duty. These provisions may also have the effect of reducing the likelihood of derivative litigation against directors and officers, even though such an action, if successful, might
otherwise benefit us and our shareholders. In addition, your investment may be adversely affected to the extent we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and officers pursuant to these indemnification provisions.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers and controlling persons pursuant to the foregoing
provisions, or otherwise, we have been informed that in the opinion of the Commission, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.
There is currently no pending material litigation or proceeding involving any of our directors, officers or employees for which indemnification is sought.
Anti-takeover Effect of Certain Provisions of our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws
Several provisions of our amended and restated articles of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, which are summarized below, may have anti-takeover effects. These
provisions are intended to avoid costly takeover battles, lessen our vulnerability to a hostile change of control and enhance the ability of our board of directors to maximize shareholder value in connection with any unsolicited offer to acquire us.
However, these anti-takeover provisions, which are summarized below, could also discourage, delay or prevent (1) the merger or acquisition of us by means of a tender offer, a proxy contest or otherwise that a shareholder may consider in its best
interest and (2) the removal of incumbent officers and directors.
Blank check preferred stock
Under the terms of our amended and restated articles of incorporation, our board of directors has authority, without any further vote or action by our shareholders, to issue up
to 50,000,000 shares of blank check preferred stock. Our board of directors may issue preferred shares on terms calculated to discourage, delay or prevent a change of control of us or the removal of our management and might harm the market price of
our common shares. We have no current plans to issue any preferred shares.
Election and removal of directors
Our amended and restated articles of incorporation prohibit cumulative voting in the election of directors. Our amended and restated bylaws require parties other than the board
of directors to give advance written notice of nominations for the election of directors. Our amended and restated articles of incorporation also provide that our directors may be removed for cause upon the affirmative vote of not less than
two-thirds of the outstanding shares of our capital stock entitled to vote for those directors. These provisions may discourage, delay or prevent the removal of incumbent officers and directors.
Limited actions by shareholders
Our amended and restated articles of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws provide that any action required or permitted to be taken by our shareholders must be
effected at an annual or special meeting of shareholders or by the unanimous written consent of our shareholders. Our amended and restated articles of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws provide that, unless otherwise prescribed by law,
only a majority of our board of directors, the chairman of our board of directors or an officer of the Company who is also a director may call special meetings of our shareholders and the business transacted at the special meeting is limited to the
purposes stated in the notice. Accordingly, a shareholder will be prevented from calling a special meeting for shareholder consideration of a proposal unless scheduled by our board of directors and shareholder consideration of a proposal may be
delayed until the next annual meeting.
Advance notice requirements for shareholder proposals and director nominations
Our amended and restated bylaws provide that shareholders seeking to nominate candidates for election as directors or to bring business before an annual meeting of shareholders
must provide timely notice of their proposal in writing to the corporate secretary. Generally, to be timely, a shareholder's notice must be received at our principal executive offices not less than 150 days nor more than 180 days prior to the one
year anniversary of the immediately preceding annual meeting of shareholders. Our amended and restated bylaws also specify requirements as to the form and content of a shareholder's notice. These provisions may impede shareholders' ability to bring
matters before an annual meeting of shareholders or make nominations for directors at an annual meeting of shareholders.
Classified board of directors
As described above, our amended and restated articles of incorporation provide for the division of our board of directors into three classes of directors, with each class as
nearly equal in number as possible, serving staggered three year terms beginning on the expiration of the initial term for each class. Accordingly, approximately one-third of our board of directors will be elected each year. This classified board
provision could discourage a third party from making a tender offer for our shares or attempting to obtain control of us. It could also delay shareholders who do not agree with the policies of our board of directors from removing a majority of our
board of directors for two years.
Business combinations
Although the BCA does not contain specific provisions regarding "business combinations" between companies organized under the laws of the Marshall Islands and "interested
shareholders," we have included these provisions in our amended and restated articles of incorporation. Specifically, our amended and restated articles of incorporation prohibit us from engaging in a "business combination" with certain persons for
three years following the date the person becomes an interested shareholder. Interested shareholders generally include:
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any person who is the beneficial owner of 15% or more of our outstanding voting shares; or
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any person who is our affiliate or associate and who held 15% or more of our outstanding voting shares at any time within three years before the date on which the person's status as an interested shareholder is determined, and the
affiliates and associates of such person.
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Subject to certain exceptions, a business combination includes, among other things:
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certain mergers or consolidations of us or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of ours;
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any sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition of our assets or of any subsidiary of ours having an aggregate market value equal to 10% or more of either the aggregate market value of all of our assets,
determined on a combined basis, or the aggregate value of all of our outstanding shares;
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certain transactions that result in the issuance or transfer by us of any shares of ours to the interested shareholder;
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any transaction involving us or any of our subsidiaries that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of any class or series of stock, or securities convertible into any class or series of stock, of ours or any such subsidiary
that is owned directly or indirectly by the interested shareholder or any affiliate or associate of the interested shareholder; and
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any receipt by the interested shareholder of the benefit directly or indirectly (except proportionately as a shareholder) of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits provided by or through us.
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These provisions of our amended and restated articles of incorporation do not apply to a business combination if:
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before a person became an interested shareholder, our board of directors approved either the business combination or the transaction in which the shareholder became an interested shareholder;
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upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the shareholder becoming an interested shareholder, the interested shareholder owned at least 85% of our voting shares outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, other than
certain excluded shares;
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at or following the transaction in which the person became an interested shareholder, the business combination is approved by our board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of shareholders, and not by written
consent, by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of our outstanding voting shares that is not owned by the interest shareholder;
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the shareholder was or became an interested shareholder prior to the closing of our initial public offering;
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a shareholder became an interested shareholder inadvertently and (i) as soon as practicable divested itself of ownership of sufficient shares so that the shareholder ceased to be an interested shareholder; and (ii) would not, at any time
within the three-year period immediately prior to a business combination between us and such shareholder, have been an interested shareholder but for the inadvertent acquisition of ownership; or
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the business combination is proposed prior to the consummation or abandonment of and subsequent to the earlier of the public announcement or the notice required under our amended and restated articles of incorporation which (i) constitutes
one of the transactions described in the following sentence; (ii) is with or by a person who either was not an interested shareholder during the previous three years or who became an interested shareholder with the approval of the board; and
(iii) is approved or not opposed by a majority of the members of the board of directors then in office (but not less than one) who were directors prior to any person becoming an interested shareholder during the previous three years or were
recommended for election or elected to succeed such directors by a majority of such directors.
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The proposed transactions referred to in the preceding sentence are limited to:
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a merger or consolidation of us (except for a merger in respect of which, pursuant to the BCA, no vote of our shareholders is required);
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a sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition (in one transaction or a series of transactions), whether as part of a dissolution or otherwise, of assets of us or of any direct or indirect majority-owned
subsidiary of ours (other than to any direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary or to us) having an aggregate market value equal to 50% or more of either the aggregate market value of all of our assets determined on a consolidated basis or
the aggregate market value of all the outstanding shares; or
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a proposed tender or exchange offer for 50% or more of our outstanding voting shares.
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Transfer Agent
The registrar and transfer agent for our common shares is Computershare Inc.
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES
We may offer and issue debt securities from time to time in one or more series, under one or more indentures, each dated as of a date on or prior to the issuance of the debt
securities to which it relates, and pursuant to an applicable prospectus supplement. We may issue senior debt securities and subordinated debt securities pursuant to separate indentures, a senior indenture and a subordinated indenture, respectively,
in each case between us and the trustee named in the indenture. These indentures will be filed either as exhibits to an amendment to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part or as an exhibit to a report under the Exchange Act,
that will be incorporated by reference into the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part or a prospectus supplement. We refer to any applicable prospectus supplement, amendment to the registration statement and/or Exchange Act
reports as "subsequent filings." The senior indenture and the subordinated indenture, as amended or supplemented from time to time, are each referred to individually as an "indenture" and collectively as the "indentures." Each indenture will be
subject to and governed by the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, or the Trust Indenture Act, and will be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York (without giving effect to any principles thereof relating
to conflicts of law that would result in the application of the laws of any other jurisdiction) unless otherwise stated in the applicable prospectus supplement and indenture (or post-effective amendment hereto). Each indenture will contain the
specific terms of any series of debt securities or provide that those terms must be set forth in or determined pursuant to, an authorizing resolution, as defined in the applicable prospectus supplement or a supplemental indenture, if any, relating to
such series.
The following description sets forth certain general terms and provisions of the debt securities. The particular terms and provisions of the debt securities offered by any
prospectus supplement, and the extent to which the general terms and provisions described below may apply to the offered debt securities, will be described in the applicable subsequent filings. The statements below are not complete and are subject
to, and are qualified in their entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the applicable indenture. The specific terms of any debt securities that we may offer, including any modifications of, or additions to, the general terms described
below as well as any applicable material U.S. federal income tax considerations concerning the ownership of such debt securities will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement and indenture and, as applicable, supplemental indenture.
Accordingly, for a complete description of the terms of a particular issue of debt securities, the general description of the debt securities set forth below should be read in conjunction with the applicable prospectus supplement and indenture, as
amended or supplemented from time to time.
General
We expect that neither indenture will limit the amount of debt securities which may be issued and that each indenture will provide that debt securities may be issued in one or
more series.
We expect that the subsequent filings related to a series of offered debt securities will describe the following terms of the series:
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the designation, aggregate principal amount and authorized denominations;
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the issue price, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate principal amount;
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the interest rate per annum, if any;
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if the debt securities provide for interest payments, the date from which interest will accrue, the dates on which interest will be payable, the date on which payment of interest will commence and the regular record dates for interest
payment dates;
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whether the debt securities will be our senior or subordinated securities;
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whether the debt securities will be our secured or unsecured obligations;
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the applicability and terms of any guarantees;
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any period or periods during which, and the price or prices at which, we will have the option to or be required to redeem or repurchase the debt securities of the series and the other material terms and provisions applicable to such
redemption or repurchase;
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any optional or mandatory sinking fund provisions;
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any conversion or exchangeability provisions;
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if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof, the denominations in which debt securities of the series will be issuable;
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if other than the full principal amount, the portion of the principal amount of the debt securities of the series which will be payable upon acceleration or provable in bankruptcy;
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any events of default not set forth in this prospectus;
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the currency or currencies, including composite currencies, in which principal, premium and interest will be payable, if other than the currency of the United States of America;
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if principal, premium or interest is payable, at our election or at the election of any holder, in a currency other than that in which the debt securities of the series are stated to be payable, the period or periods within which, and the
terms and conditions upon which, the election may be made;
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whether interest will be payable in cash or additional securities at our or the holder's option and the terms and conditions upon which the election may be made;
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if denominated in a currency or currencies other than the currency of the United States of America, the equivalent price in the currency of the United States of America for purposes of determining the voting rights of holders of those debt
securities under the applicable indenture;
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if the amount of payments of principal, premium or interest may be determined with reference to an index, formula or other method based on a coin or currency other than that in which the debt securities of the series are stated to be
payable, the manner in which the amounts will be determined;
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any covenants or other material terms relating to the debt securities;
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whether the debt securities will be issued in the form of global securities or certificates in registered form;
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any listing on any securities exchange or quotation system;
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additional provisions, if any, related to defeasance and discharge of the debt securities; and
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any other special features of the debt securities.
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Subsequent filings may include additional terms not listed above. Unless otherwise indicated in subsequent filings with the Commission relating to the indenture, principal,
premium and interest will be payable and the debt securities will be transferable at the corporate trust office of the applicable trustee. Unless other arrangements are made or set forth in subsequent filings or a supplemental indenture, principal,
premium and interest will be paid by checks mailed to the registered holders at their registered addresses.
Unless otherwise indicated in subsequent filings with the Commission, the debt securities will be issued only in fully registered form without coupons, in denominations of $1,000
or any integral multiple thereof. No service charge will be made for any transfer or exchange of the debt securities, but we may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection with these debt
securities.
Some or all of the debt securities may be issued as discounted debt securities, bearing no interest or interest at a rate which at the time of issuance is below market rates, to
be sold at a substantial discount below the stated principal amount. United States federal income tax consequences and other special considerations applicable to any discounted securities will be described in subsequent filings with the Commission
relating to those securities.
We refer you to the applicable subsequent filings for the particular terms and provisions of the debt securities offered by any prospectus supplement.
Senior Debt Securities
We may issue senior debt securities under a senior debt indenture. These senior debt securities would rank on an equal basis with all our other unsubordinated debt.
Subordinated Debt Securities
We may issue subordinated debt securities under a subordinated debt indenture. These subordinated debt securities would rank subordinate and junior in priority of payment to
certain of our other indebtedness to the extent described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Covenants
Any series of offered debt securities may have covenants in addition to or differing from those included in the applicable indenture which will be described in subsequent filings
prepared in connection with the offering of such securities, limiting or restricting, among other things:
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our ability to incur either secured or unsecured debt, or both;
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our ability to make certain payments, dividends, redemptions or repurchases;
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our ability to create dividend and other payment restrictions affecting our subsidiaries;
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our ability to make investments;
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mergers and consolidations by us;
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our ability to enter into transactions with affiliates;
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our ability to incur liens; and
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sale and leaseback transactions.
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Modification of the Indentures
We expect that each indenture and the rights of the respective holders generally may be modified by us only with the consent of holders of not less than a majority in aggregate
principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of all series under the respective indenture affected by the modification, taken together as a class. But we expect that no modification that:
(1) changes the amount of securities whose holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver;
(2) reduces the rate of or changes the interest payment time on any security or alters its redemption provisions (other than any alteration to any such section which would not
materially adversely affect the legal rights of any holder under the indenture) or the price at which we are required to offer to purchase the securities;
(3) reduces the principal or changes the maturity of any security or reduces the amount of, or postpones the date fixed for, the payment of any sinking fund or analogous
obligation;
(4) waives a default or event of default in the payment of the principal of or interest, if any, on any security (except a rescission of acceleration of the securities of any
series by the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding securities of that series and a waiver of the payment default that resulted from such acceleration);
(5) makes the principal of or interest, if any, on any security payable in any currency other than that stated in the security;
(6) makes any change with respect to holders' rights to receive principal and interest, the terms pursuant to which defaults can be waived, certain modifications affecting
shareholders or certain currency-related issues; or
(7) waives a redemption payment with respect to any security or changes any of the provisions with respect to the redemption of any securities;
will be effective against any holder without his consent.
Additionally, certain changes under each indenture will not require the consent of any holders. These types of changes are generally limited to clarifications of ambiguities,
omissions, defects and inconsistencies in each indenture and amendments, supplements and other changes that would not adversely affect the holders of outstanding debt securities under each indenture, such as adding security, covenants, additional
events of default or successor trustees.
Events of Default
We expect that each indenture will define an event of default for the debt securities of any series as being any one of the following events:
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default in any payment of interest when due which continues for 30 days;
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default in any payment of principal or premium when due;
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default in the deposit of any sinking fund payment when due;
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default in the performance of any covenant in the debt securities or the applicable indenture which continues for 60 days after we receive notice of the default;
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default under a bond, debenture, note or other evidence of indebtedness for borrowed money by us or our subsidiaries (to the extent we are directly responsible or liable therefor) having a principal amount in excess of a minimum amount set
forth in the applicable subsequent filings, whether such indebtedness now exists or is hereafter created, which default shall have resulted in such indebtedness becoming or being declared due and payable prior to the date on which it would
otherwise have become due and payable, without such acceleration having been rescinded or annulled or cured within 30 days after we receive notice of the default; and
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events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization.
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An event of default of one series of debt securities will not necessarily constitute an event of default with respect to any other series of debt securities.
There may be such other or different events of default as described in an applicable subsequent filing with respect to any class or series of offered debt securities.
We expect that under each indenture, in case an event of default occurs and continues for the debt securities of any series, the applicable trustee or the holders of not less
than 25% in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities then outstanding of that series may declare the principal and accrued but unpaid interest of the debt securities of that series to be due and payable. Further, any event of default for the
debt securities of any series which has been cured is expected to be permitted to be waived by the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities of that series then outstanding.
We expect that each indenture will require us to file annually, after debt securities are issued under that indenture, with the applicable trustee a written statement signed by
two of our officers as to the absence of material defaults under the terms of that indenture. We also expect that each indenture will provide that the applicable trustee may withhold notice to the holders of any default if it considers it in the
interest of the holders to do so, except notice of a default in payment of principal, premium or interest.
Subject to the duties of the trustee in case an event of default occurs and continues, we expect that each indenture will provide that the trustee is under no obligation to
exercise any of its rights or powers under that indenture at the request, order or direction of holders unless the holders have offered to the trustee reasonable indemnity. Subject to these provisions for indemnification and the rights of the
trustee, each indenture is expected to provide that the holders of a majority in principal amount of the debt securities of any series then outstanding have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy
available to the trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee as long as the exercise of that right does not conflict with any law or the indenture.
Defeasance and Discharge
The terms of each indenture are expected to provide us with the option to be discharged from any and all obligations in respect of the debt securities issued thereunder upon the
deposit with the trustee, in trust, of money or U.S. government obligations, or both, which through the payment of interest and principal will provide money in an amount sufficient to pay any installment of principal, premium and interest on, and any
mandatory sinking fund payments in respect of, the debt securities on the stated maturity of the payments in accordance with the terms of the debt securities and the indenture governing the debt securities.
We expect that this right may only be exercised if, among other things, we have received from, or there has been published by, the United States Internal Revenue Service a ruling
to the effect that such a discharge will not be deemed, or result in, a taxable event with respect to holders. This discharge would not apply to our obligations to register the transfer or exchange of debt securities, to replace stolen, lost or
mutilated debt securities, to maintain paying agencies and hold moneys for payment in trust.
Defeasance of Certain Covenants
We expect that the terms of each indenture will provide us with the right to omit complying with specified covenants and specified events of default described in a subsequent
filing upon the deposit with the trustee, in trust, of money or U.S. government obligations, or both, which through the payment of interest and principal will provide money in an amount sufficient to pay any installment of principal, premium and
interest on, and any mandatory sinking fund payments in respect of, the debt securities on the stated maturity of the payments in accordance with the terms of the debt securities and the indenture governing the debt securities.
We expect that to exercise this right we will also be required to deliver to the trustee an opinion of counsel to the effect that we have received from, or there has been
published by, the United States Internal Revenue Service a ruling to the effect that the deposit and related covenant defeasance will not cause the holders of such series to recognize income, gain or loss for United States federal income tax
purposes.
A subsequent filing may further describe the provisions, if any, of any particular series of offered debt securities permitting a discharge defeasance.
Form of Debt Securities
Each debt security will be represented either by a certificate issued in definitive form to a particular investor or by one or more global securities representing the entire
issuance of securities. Both certificated securities in definitive form and global securities may be issued either in registered form, where our obligation runs to the holder of the security named on the face of the security, or in bearer form, where
our obligation runs to the bearer of the security.
Definitive securities name you or your nominee as the owner of the security, other than definitive bearer securities, which name the bearer as owner, and in order to transfer or
exchange these securities or to receive payments other than interest or other interim payments, you or your nominee must physically deliver the securities to the trustee, registrar, paying agent or other agent, as applicable.
Global securities name a depositary or its nominee as the owner of the debt securities represented by these global securities, other than global bearer securities, which name the
bearer as owner. The depositary maintains a computerized system that will reflect each investor's beneficial ownership of the securities through an account maintained by the investor with its broker/dealer, bank, trust company or other
representative, as we explain more fully below.
Global Securities
We may issue the debt securities in the form of one or more fully registered global securities that will be deposited with a depositary or its nominee identified in the
applicable prospectus supplement and registered in the name of that depositary or nominee. In those cases, one or more registered global securities will be issued in a denomination or aggregate denominations equal to the portion of the aggregate
principal or face amount of the securities to be represented by registered global securities. Unless and until it is exchanged in whole for securities in definitive registered form, a registered global security may not be transferred except as a
whole by and among the depositary for the registered global security, the nominees of the depositary or any successors of the depositary or those nominees. If not described below, any specific terms of the depositary arrangement with respect to any
debt securities to be represented by a registered global security will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to those debt securities. We anticipate that the following provisions will apply to all depositary arrangements:
Ownership of beneficial interests in a registered global security will be limited to persons, called participants, that have accounts with the depositary or persons that may hold
interests through participants. Upon the issuance of a registered global security, the depositary will credit, on its book-entry registration and transfer system, the participants' accounts with the respective principal or face amounts of the
securities beneficially owned by the participants. Any dealers, underwriters or selling agents participating in the distribution of the securities will designate the accounts to be credited. Ownership of beneficial interests in a registered global
security will be shown on, and the transfer of ownership interests will be effected only through, records maintained by the depositary, with respect to interests of participants, and on the records of participants, with respect to interests of
persons holding through participants. The laws of some jurisdictions may require that some purchasers of securities take physical delivery of these securities in definitive form. These laws may impair your ability to own, transfer or pledge
beneficial interests in registered global securities. So long as the depositary, or its nominee, is the registered owner of a registered global security, that depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder
of the securities represented by the registered global security for all purposes under the indenture.
Except as described below, owners of beneficial interests in a registered global security will not be entitled to have the securities represented by the registered global
security registered in their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of the securities in definitive form and will not be considered the owners or holders of the securities under the indenture. Accordingly, each person
owning a beneficial interest in a registered global security must rely on the procedures of the depositary for that registered global security and, if that person is not a participant, on the procedures of the participant through which the person
owns its interest in that registered global security, to exercise any rights of a holder under the indenture. We understand that under existing industry practices, if we request any action of holders of a registered global security or if an owner of
a beneficial interest in a registered global security desires to give or take any action that a holder is entitled to give or take under the indenture, the depositary for the registered global security would authorize the participants holding the
relevant beneficial interests to give or take that action, and the participants would authorize beneficial owners owning through them to give or take that action or would otherwise act upon the instructions of beneficial owners holding through them.
Principal, premium, if any, and interest payments on debt securities represented by a registered global security registered in the name of a depositary or its nominee will be
made to the depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered owner of the registered global security. None of us, the trustee or any other agent of us or agent of the trustee will have any responsibility or liability to owners of
beneficial interests for any aspect of the records relating to payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in the registered global security or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to those beneficial
ownership interests. We expect that the depositary for any of the securities represented by a registered global security, upon receipt of any payment of principal, premium, interest or other distribution of underlying securities or other property to
holders on that registered global security, will immediately credit participants' accounts in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in that registered global security as shown on the records of the depositary. We also expect
that payments by participants to owners of beneficial interests in a registered global security held through participants will be governed by standing customer instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with the securities held for the
accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in "street name," and will be the responsibility of those participants.
We expect that the indenture will provide that if the depositary for any of these securities represented by a registered global security is at any time unwilling or unable to
continue as depositary or ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, and a successor depositary registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act is not appointed by us within 90 days, we will be required to issue
securities in definitive form in exchange for the registered global security that had been held by the depositary. In addition, the indenture is expected to allow us to decide, at any time and in our sole discretion, to not have any of the securities
represented by one or more registered global securities. If we make that decision, we will issue securities in definitive form in exchange for all of the registered global security or securities representing those securities. Any securities issued in
definitive form in exchange for a registered global security will be registered in the name or names that the depositary gives to the relevant trustee or other relevant agent of ours or theirs. It is expected that the depositary's instructions will
be based upon directions received by the depositary from participants with respect to ownership of beneficial interests in the registered global security that had been held by the depositary.
If we issue registered global securities, we expect that the Depository Trust Company, or DTC, will act as depository and the securities will be registered in the name of Cede
& Co., as DTC's nominee.
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS
We may issue warrants to purchase any of our debt or equity securities or securities of third parties or other rights, including rights to receive payment in cash or securities
based on the value, rate or price of one or more specified currencies, securities or indices, or any combination of the foregoing. Warrants may be issued independently or together with any other securities and may be attached to, or separate from,
such securities. Each series of warrants will be issued under a separate warrant agreement to be entered into between us and a warrant agent. The terms of any warrants to be issued and a description of the material provisions of the applicable
warrant agreement will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. We expect that such terms will include, among others:
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the title of such warrants;
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the aggregate number of such warrants;
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the price or prices at which such warrants will be issued;
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the currency or currencies in which the price of such warrants will be payable;
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the securities or other rights, including rights to receive payment in cash or securities based on the value, rate or price of one or more specified currencies, securities or indices, or any combination of the foregoing, purchasable upon
exercise of such warrants;
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the price at which, and the currency or currencies in which, the securities or other rights purchasable upon exercise of such warrants may be purchased;
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the date on which the right to exercise such warrants shall commence and the date on which such right shall expire;
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if applicable, the minimum or maximum amount of such warrants which may be exercised at any one time;
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if applicable, the designation and terms of the securities with which such warrants are issued and the number of such warrants issued with each such security;
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if applicable, the date on and after which such warrants and the related securities will be separately transferable;
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information with respect to book-entry procedures, if any;
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if applicable, a discussion of any material U.S. federal income tax considerations; and
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any other terms of such warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of such warrants.
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The warrants will be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to any principles thereof relating to conflicts of law
that would result in the application of the laws of any other jurisdiction, unless otherwise stated in the applicable prospectus supplement (or a post-effective amendment hereto).
DESCRIPTION OF RIGHTS
We may issue rights to purchase our equity securities. These rights may be issued independently or together with any other security offered by this prospectus and may or may not be transferable by
the shareholder receiving the rights in the rights offering. In connection with any rights offering, we may enter into a standby underwriting agreement with one or more underwriters pursuant to which the underwriter will purchase any securities that
remain unsubscribed for upon completion of the rights offering.
The applicable prospectus supplement relating to any rights will describe the terms of the offered rights. We expect that such terms will include, where applicable:
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the exercise price for the rights;
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the number of rights issued to each shareholder;
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the extent to which the rights are transferable;
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any other terms of the rights, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of the rights;
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the date on which the right to exercise the rights will commence and the date on which the right will expire;
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the amount of rights outstanding;
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the extent to which the rights include an over-subscription privilege with respect to unsubscribed securities; and
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the material terms of any standby underwriting arrangement entered into by us in connection with the rights offering.
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The description in the applicable prospectus supplement of any rights we offer will not necessarily be complete and will be qualified in its entirety by reference to the applicable rights certificate
or rights agreement, which will be filed with the Commission if we offer rights. For more information on how you can obtain copies of any rights certificate or rights agreement if we offer rights, see "Where You Can Find Additional Information" of
this prospectus. We urge you to read the applicable rights certificate, the applicable rights agreement and any applicable prospectus supplement in their entirety.
The rights will be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to any principles thereof relating to conflicts of law that would result in
the application of the laws of any other jurisdiction, unless otherwise stated in the applicable prospectus supplement (or a post-effective amendment hereto).
DESCRIPTION OF PURCHASE CONTRACTS
We may issue purchase contracts for the purchase or sale of:
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debt or equity securities issued by us, a basket of such securities, an index or indices of such securities, or any combination of the above as specified in the applicable prospectus supplement; or
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Each purchase contract will entitle the holder thereof to purchase or sell, and obligate us to sell or purchase, on specified dates, such securities or currencies at a specified
purchase price, which may be based on a formula, all as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. We may, however, satisfy our obligations, if any, with respect to any purchase contract by delivering the cash value of such purchase contract
or the cash value of the property otherwise deliverable or, in the case of purchase contracts on underlying currencies, by delivering the underlying currencies, as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. The applicable prospectus
supplement will also specify the methods by which the holders may purchase or sell such securities or currencies and any acceleration, cancellation or termination provisions, provisions relating to U.S. federal income tax considerations, if any, or
other provisions relating to the settlement of a purchase contract.
The purchase contracts may require us to make periodic payments to the holders thereof or vice versa, which payments may be deferred to the extent set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement,
and those payments may be unsecured or pre-funded on some basis. The purchase contracts may require the holders thereof to secure their obligations in a specified manner to be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Alternatively, purchase
contracts may require holders to satisfy their obligations thereunder when the purchase contracts are issued. Our obligation to settle such pre-paid purchase contracts on the relevant settlement date may constitute indebtedness. Accordingly, pre-paid
purchase contracts will be issued under either a senior indenture or subordinated indenture.
The purchase contracts will be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to any principles thereof relating to conflicts of law that would
result in the application of the laws of any other jurisdiction, unless otherwise stated in the applicable prospectus supplement (or a post-effective amendment hereto).
DESCRIPTION OF UNITS
As specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, we may issue units consisting of one or more purchase contracts, warrants, debt securities, preferred shares, common shares,
rights or any combination of such securities. The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of the offered units. We expect that such terms will include, among others:
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the terms of the units and of the purchase contracts, warrants, debt securities, preferred shares, common shares and/or rights comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances the securities comprising the units may be
traded separately;
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a description of the terms of any unit agreement governing the units;
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if applicable, a discussion of any material U.S. federal income tax considerations; and
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a description of the provisions for the payment, settlement, transfer or exchange of the units.
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TAX CONSIDERATIONS
Our Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the Commission on April 2, 2020, as updated by annual and other reports and documents that we file with the Commission after the date of
this prospectus and that are incorporated by reference herein, provides a discussion of the material U.S. federal income and Marshall Islands tax considerations that may be relevant to prospective investors in our common shares. The applicable
prospectus supplement may also contain information about any material U.S. federal income and Marshall Islands tax considerations relating to the securities covered by such prospectus supplement.
EXPENSES
The following are the estimated expenses of the issuance and distribution of the securities being registered under the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a
part, all of which will be paid by us.
Commission registration fee
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Accounting fees and expenses
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NYSE Supplemental Listing Fee
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* To be provided by a prospectus supplement or as an exhibit to a report on Form 6-K that is incorporated by reference into the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
On April 7, 2020, our board of directors effected a one-for-ten reverse stock split of our common shares. On a pre-split basis, we had 72,482,958, 71,217,258 and 74,902,364
common shares outstanding at December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and on a post-split basis we had 7,248,180, 7,121,726, and 7,490,236 common shares outstanding at December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The following selected
financial data is based on common stock and per share data from our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the Commission on April 2, 2020, as retrospectively
adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split.
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Year Ended December 31,
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2019
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2018
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2017
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Dollars in thousands, except per share data
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Consolidated Statement of Operations Data:
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Total vessel revenue
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$
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224,579
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$
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242,502
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$
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162,205
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Net income (loss)
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$
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44,654
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$
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(12,698
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$
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(59,726
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Basic weighted average shares outstanding
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6,809
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7,183
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7,179
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Diluted weighted average shares outstanding
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6,953
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7,183
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7,179
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Basic earnings (loss) per share
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$
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6.56
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$
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(1.77
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)
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$
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(8.32
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)
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Diluted earnings (loss) per share
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$
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6.42
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$
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(1.77
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$
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(8.32
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LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the securities offered by this prospectus will be passed upon for us by Seward & Kissel LLP, New York, New York, with respect to matters of the law of the
Republic of the Marshall Islands and with respect to matters of United States and New York law.
EXPERTS
The financial statements of the Company and management's assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting (which is included in Management's Report on
Internal Control over Financial Reporting) incorporated in this prospectus by reference to the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2019 have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers
Audit, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
The financial statements of Scorpio Tankers Inc. incorporated in this prospectus by reference to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2019 have been so
incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers Audit given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
The industry-related discussions contained in the section "Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Industry and Market Conditions" of the Company's Annual
Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, which is incorporated herein by reference, have been reviewed by SSY Consultancy & Research Ltd., or SSY, which has confirmed to us that it believes such discussions accurately
describe the international drybulk shipping market as of the date thereof.
The statistical and graphical information incorporated by reference into this prospectus has been compiled by SSY from its database and other industry sources. SSY compiles and
publishes data for the benefit of its clients. In connection therewith, SSY has advised that (i) certain information in SSY's database is derived from estimates or subjective judgments, (ii) the information in the databases of other maritime data
collection agencies may differ from the information in SSY's database and (iii) while SSY has taken reasonable care in the compilation of the statistical and graphical information and believes it to be accurate and correct, data compilation is
subject to limited audit and validation procedures.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
As required by the Securities Act, we filed a registration statement relating to the securities offered by this prospectus with the Commission. This prospectus is a part of that
registration statement, which includes additional information.
Government Filings
We file annual and special reports with the Commission. You may read and copy any document that we file and obtain copies at prescribed rates from the Commission's Public
Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling 1 (800) SEC-0330. The Commission maintains a website (http://www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy
and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the Commission. Our filings are also available on our website at http://www.scorpiobulkers.com. The information on our website, however, is not, and
should not be deemed to be, a part of this prospectus.
Information Incorporated by Reference
The Commission allows us to "incorporate by reference" information that we file with it. This means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those
filed documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be a part of this prospectus, and information that we file later with the Commission prior to the termination of this offering will also be considered to be part of this
prospectus and will automatically update and supersede previously filed information, including information contained in this document.
We hereby incorporate by reference the documents listed below and any future filings made with the Commission under Section 13(a), 13(c) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.
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Our Report on Form 6-K filed with the Commission on each of September 29, 2020, October 2, 2020, October 9,
2020, October 14, 2020, October
16, 2020, October 21, 2020, October 23, 2020, October 29,
2020, November 2, 2020, November
17, 2020, November 27, 2020, November
27, 2020, November 30, 2020, December
1, 2020, December 9, 2020, December
9, 2020, and December 11, 2020, in each case, excluding any commentary of management contained therein.
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We are also incorporating by reference all subsequent Annual Reports on Form 20-F that we file with the Commission and certain reports on Form 6-K that we furnish to the
Commission after the date of this prospectus (if they state that they are incorporated by reference into this prospectus) until we file a post-effective amendment indicating that the offering of the securities made by this prospectus has been
terminated. In all cases, you should rely on the later information over different information included in this prospectus or the applicable prospectus supplement.
You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement. Neither we nor the Selling
Shareholders have authorized any other person to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. Neither we nor the Selling Shareholders are making an offer to sell
these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement as well as the information we previously filed with the
Commission and incorporated by reference, is accurate as of the dates on the front cover of those documents only. Our business, financial condition and results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.
You may request a free copy of the above mentioned filings or any subsequent filing we incorporate by reference to this prospectus by writing or telephoning us at the following
address:
Scorpio Bulkers Inc.
9, Boulevard Charles III
MC 98000 Monaco
377 9798 5715
Information Provided by the Company
We will furnish holders of our common shares with annual reports containing audited financial statements and a report by our independent registered public accounting firm. The
audited financial statements will be prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. As a "foreign private issuer," we are exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy
statements to shareholders. While we furnish proxy statements to shareholders in accordance with the rules of the NYSE, those proxy statements do not conform to Schedule 14A of the proxy rules promulgated under the Exchange Act. In addition, as a
"foreign private issuer," our officers and directors are exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act relating to short swing profit reporting and liability.
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN THE PROSPECTUS
Item 8. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
I. Article VIII of the Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant provides as follows:
(1) Any person who is or was a Director or officer of the Company, or is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director or officer of
another partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise shall be entitled to be indemnified by the Company upon the same terms, under the same conditions, and to the same extent as authorized by Section 60 of the BCA, if he or she acted in good
faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful. If the BCA
is amended hereafter to authorize the further elimination or limitation of the liability of directors, then the liability of a director of the Company shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent authorized by the BCA, as so amended. The
Company shall have the power to pay in advance expenses a director or officer incurred while defending a civil or criminal proceeding, provided that the director or officer will repay the amount if it shall ultimately be determined that he or she is
not entitled to indemnification under this section. Any repeal or modification of this Article VIII shall not adversely affect any rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses of a Director or officer of the Company existing at the
time of such repeal or modification with respect to any acts or omissions occurring prior to such repeal or modification.
(2) The Company shall have the power to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a Director or officer of the Company or
is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director or officer against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in such capacity whether or not the Company would have the power to indemnify such person against
such liability by law or under the provisions of these Bylaws.
II. Section 60 of the Associations Law of the Republic of the Marshall Islands provides as follows:
(1) Actions not by or in right of the corporation. A corporation shall have power to indemnify any person
who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation) by
reason of the fact that he is or was a director or officer of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director or officer of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against
expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in
or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order,
settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of no contest, or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests
of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceedings, had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.
(2) Actions by or in right of the corporation. A corporation shall have the power to indemnify any person
who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that he is or was a director or officer of
the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director or officer of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against expenses
(including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by him or in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not, opposed to the best interests
of the corporation and except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claims, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable for negligence or misconduct in the performance of his duty to the corporation
unless and only to the extent that the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably
entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the court shall deem proper.
(3) When director or officer successful. To the extent that a director or officer of a corporation has been
successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to in subsections (1) or (2) of this section, or in the defense of a claim, issue or matter therein, he shall be indemnified against expenses (including
attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection therewith.
(4) Payment of expenses in advance. Expenses incurred in defending a civil or criminal action, suit or
proceeding may be paid in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding as authorized by the board of directors in the specific case upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the director or officer to repay such amount
if it shall ultimately be determined that he is not entitled to be indemnified by the corporation as authorized in this section.
(5) Indemnification pursuant to other rights. The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by,
or granted pursuant to, the other subsections of this section shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under any bylaw, agreement, vote of shareholders or
disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in his official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office.
(6) Continuation of indemnification. The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or
granted pursuant to, this section shall, unless otherwise provided when authorized or ratified, continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and
administrators of such a person.
(7) Insurance. A corporation shall have the power to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any
person who is or was a director or officer of the corporation or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director or officer against any liability asserted against him and incurred by him in such capacity whether or not the
corporation would have the power to indemnify him against such liability under the provisions of this section.
Item 9. Exhibits
A list of exhibits included as part of this registration statement is set forth in the Exhibit Index which immediately precedes such exhibits and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 10. Undertakings.
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
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(a)
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Under Rule 415 of the Securities Act,
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(1)
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To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement unless the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by
those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to section 13 or section 15(d) of the Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is
contained in a form of a prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement;
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(i)
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To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended;
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(ii)
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To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate,
represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not
exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the
changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the "Calculation of Registration Fee" table in the effective registration statement.
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(iii)
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To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement.
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(2)
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That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities
offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
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(3)
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To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.
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(4)
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To file a post-effective amendment to the registration statement to include any financial statements required by Item 8.A. of Form 20-F at the start of any delayed offering or throughout a continuous offering.
Financial statements and information otherwise required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Act need not be furnished, provided, that the registrant includes in the prospectus, by means of a post-effective
amendment, financial statements required pursuant to this paragraph (a)(4) and other information necessary to ensure that all other information in the prospectus is at least as current as the date of those financial statements.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to registration statements on Form F-3, a post-effective amendment need not be filed to include financial statements and information required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933 or
Rule 3-19 under the Securities Act of 1933 if such financial statements and information are contained in periodic reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the Form F-3.
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(5)
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That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to any purchaser;
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(i)
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Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of this Registration Statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in this
Registration Statement; and
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(ii)
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Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii),
or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is
first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an
underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall
be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of
the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale
prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.
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(6)
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That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a
primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this Registration Statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser
by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:
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(i)
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Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;
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(ii)
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Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;
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(iii)
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The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned
registrant; and
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(iv)
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Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.
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(b)
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The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant's annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan's annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration
statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide
offering thereof.
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(c) – (g)
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Not applicable.
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(h)
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Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or
otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for
indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is
asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court
of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
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(j)
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The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to file an application for the purpose of determining the eligibility of the trustee to act under subsection (a) of Section 310 of the Trust Indenture Act in
accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the Commission under Section 305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act.
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-3 and has
duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Fairfield, State of Connecticut, on December 11, 2020.
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Scorpio Bulkers Inc.
(Registrant)
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By: /s/ Hugh Baker
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Name: Hugh Baker
Title: Chief Financial Officer
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POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Lawrence Rutkowski, Edward S. Horton, and Filana R. Silberberg, or any of
them, his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full powers of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any or all amendments (including
post-effective amendments) to this registration statement, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent full
power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as fully for all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and
agent, or his or her substitute, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities indicated on December
11, 2020.
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Signature
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Title
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/s/ Emanuele A. Lauro
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Chief Executive Officer,
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Emanuele A. Lauro
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Chairman and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
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/s/ Robert Bugbee
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President and Director
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Robert Bugbee
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/s/ Hugh Baker
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Chief Financial Officer
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Hugh Baker
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(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
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/s/ Roberto Giorgi
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Director
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Roberto Giorgi
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/s/ Einar Michael Steimler
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Director
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Einar Michael Steimler
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/s/ Christian M. Gut
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Director
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Christian M. Gut
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/s/ Thomas Ostrander
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Director
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Thomas Ostrander
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/s/ James B. Nish
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Director
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James B. Nish
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/s/ Berit Ledel Henriksen
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Director
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Berit Ledel Henriksen
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AUTHORIZED UNITED STATES REPRESENTATIVE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the undersigned, the duly authorized representative of the Registrant in the United States, has signed this
registration statement in the City of Fairfield, State of Connecticut, on December 11, 2020.
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SCORPIO SALT LLC
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By:
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/s/ Hugh Baker
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Name:
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Hugh Baker
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Title:
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Authorized Person
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Exhibit Index
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Number
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Description
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1.1
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Form of Underwriting Agreement*
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4.1
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4.2
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Form of Preferred Share Certificate*
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4.3
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4.4
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4.5
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Form of Warrant Agreement*
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4.6
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Form of Purchase Contract*
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4.7
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Form of Rights Agreement*
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4.8
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Form of Unit Agreement*
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5.1
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8.1
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23.1
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23.2
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23.3
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23.4
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24.1
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25.1
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Form of T-1 Statement of Eligibility (senior debt securities indenture)**
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25.2
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Form of T-1 Statement of Eligibility (subordinated debt securities indenture)**
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__________________
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(1)
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Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant's report on Form 6-K, filed with the Commission on April 7, 2020.
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*
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To be filed either as an amendment to this Registration Statement or as an exhibit to a report of the Registrant filed pursuant to the Exchange Act and incorporated by reference into this Registration
Statement.
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**
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To be filed in accordance with Section 305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended.
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