Significant Accounting Policies |
Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information or footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial reporting. Accordingly, the financial statements do not include all the information and footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of a normal recurring nature, which are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, operating results and cash flows for the periods presented. The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, which contains the audited financial statements and notes thereto. The financial information as of December 31, 2023 is derived from the audited financial statements presented in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. The interim results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024 or for any future interim periods. Emerging Growth Company The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statement in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statement and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash and cash equivalents. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had $66,926 and $671,628 in cash and cash equivalents, respectively. Cash and Marketable Securities held in Trust Account Following the closing of the Initial Public Offering on January 18, 2023, an amount of $146,625,000 from the net proceeds of the sale of the Units in the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Units were placed in the Trust Account and may be invested only in U.S. government securities with a maturity of 185 days or less or in money market funds meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act which invest only in direct U.S. government treasury obligations. The Trust Account is intended as a holding place for funds pending the earliest to occur of: (i) the completion of the initial Business Combination; (ii) the redemption of any public shares properly submitted in connection with a shareholder vote to amend the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation (A) to modify the substance or timing of the Company’s obligation to redeem 100% of the public shares if the Company does not complete the initial Business Combination within 12 months from the closing of the Initial Public Offering or (B) with respect to any other provision relating to shareholders’ rights or pre-initial Business Combination activity; or (iii) absent an initial Business Combination within 12 months from the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the return of the funds held in the Trust Account to the public shareholders as part of redemption of the public shares. Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash accounts in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage of $250,000. At June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company has not experienced losses on these accounts and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such accounts. Class A Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption The Company accounts for its Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in ASC 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Ordinary shares subject to mandatory redemption (if any) is classified as a liability instrument and is measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable ordinary shares (including ordinary shares that feature redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, ordinary shares are classified as shareholders’ equity. The Company’s ordinary shares feature certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to the occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, at June 30, 2024, 7,259,615 Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption are presented as temporary equity, at redemption value, as temporary equity, outside of the shareholders’ deficit section of the Company’s balance sheet. The Company recognizes changes in redemption value immediately as they occur and adjusts the carrying value of redeemable Class A ordinary shares to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Such changes are reflected in additional paid-in capital, or in the absence of additional paid-in capital, in accumulated deficit. The Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption is reflected on the balance sheet at June 30, 2024 as follows: | | | | Gross proceeds from Initial Public Offering | | $ | 143,750,000 | Less: | | | | Proceeds allocated to public warrants | | | (354,359) | Offering costs allocated to Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption | | | (8,642,235) | Plus: | | | | Accretion of Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption | | | 18,948,600 | Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption at December 31, 2023 | | | 153,702,006 | Redemption of Class A ordinary shares | | | (75,921,158) | Re-measurement of Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption | | | 2,532,923 | Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption at June 30, 2024 | | $ | 80,313,771 |
Offering Costs associated with the Initial Public Offering The Company complies with the requirements of the ASC 340-10-S99-1 and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) Topic 5A – “Expenses of Offering”. Offering costs consist principally of professional and registration fees that are related to the Initial Public Offering. The Company incurred offering costs from the Initial Public Offering of $8,642,235, consisting of $2,500,000 of underwriting fee, $5,406,250 of deferred underwriting fee, $735,985 of actual offering costs. These amounts were recorded to additional paid-in capital as a reduction to the net proceeds from the offering. Fair Value Measurements The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820”), defines fair value as the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants. Fair value measurements are classified on a three-tier hierarchy as follows: | ● | Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical instruments in active markets; |
| ● | Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and |
| ● | Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions, such as valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable. In some circumstances, the inputs used to measure fair value might be categorized within different levels of the fair value hierarchy. ln those instances, the fair value measurement is categorized in its entirety in the fair value hierarchy based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. |
The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities that qualify as financial instruments under ASC 820 approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying balance sheet, primarily due to their short-term nature. Financial Instruments The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities which qualify as financial instruments under ASC 820 approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying balance sheet, primarily due to their short-term nature. Derivative Financial Instruments The Company accounts for derivative financial instruments in accordance with ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging.” For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair value upon issuance and remeasured at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the statements of operations. The classification of derivative financial instruments is evaluated at the end of each reporting period. There were no derivative financial instruments accounted for as liabilities as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Warrants The Company accounts for the public and private warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the instruments’ specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in FASB ASC Topic 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity” (“ASC 480”) and FASB ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”). Pursuant to the Company’s evaluation, the Company concluded that the public and private do not meet the criteria to be accounted for as liability under ASC 480. The Company further evaluated the public and private warrants and rights under “ASC 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity” (“ASC 815-40”) and concluded that the public warrants, private placement warrants are indexed to the Company’s own stock and meet the criteria to be classified in shareholders’ equity. Income Taxes The Company complies with the accounting and reporting requirements of ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes,” (“ASC 740”) which requires an asset and liability approach to financial accounting and reporting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in future taxable or deductible amounts, based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. There were no unrecognized tax benefits as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The Company’s management determined that the Cayman Islands is the Company’s only major tax jurisdiction. The Company is not currently aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals, or material deviation from its position. The Company is subject to tax examinations by major taxing authorities since inception. There is currently no taxation imposed by the government of the Cayman Islands. In accordance with Cayman income tax regulations, income taxes are not levied on the Company. Consequently, income taxes are not reflected in the Company’s financial statements. The Company’s management does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months. There is currently no taxation imposed by the government of the Cayman Islands. The Company has no connection to any other taxable jurisdiction and is presently not subject to income taxes or income tax filing requirements in the Cayman Islands or the United States. Consequently, income taxes are not reflected in the Company’s financial statement. Net Income (Loss) Per Ordinary Share The statement of operations includes a presentation of income (loss) per Class A redeemable ordinary share and income (loss) per non-redeemable ordinary share following the two-class method of income per ordinary share. In order to determine the net income (loss) attributable to both the Class A redeemable ordinary shares and non-redeemable ordinary shares, the Company first considered the total net income (loss) allocable to both sets of shares. This is calculated using the total net income (loss) less any dividends paid. For purposes of calculating net income (loss) per share, any remeasurement of the Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption was treated as dividends paid to the public shareholders. Net income (loss) per ordinary share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by class by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. The Company has not considered the effect of the 14,375,000 Public Warrants in the calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share, since the exercise of such warrants are contingent upon the occurrence of future events and the inclusion of such warrants would be anti-dilutive. The following tables reflect the calculation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per ordinary share for the three months ended June 30, 2024 (in dollars, except share amounts): | | | | | | Three Months Ended | | | June 30, 2024 | Net income | | $ | 738,891 | Accretion of temporary equity to redemption value | | | (1,181,091) | Net loss including accretion of temporary equity to redemption value | | $ | (442,200) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | Three Months Ended | | | June 30, 2024 | | | | | | | | | Class B Non- | | | Class A Redeemable | | Class A Non-redeemable | | redeemable | Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share: | | | | | | | | | | Numerator: | | | | | | | | | | Allocation of net income by class | | $ | 418,616 | | $ | 43,969 | | $ | 276,306 | | | | | | | | | | | Less: Accretion allocation based on ownership percentage | | $ | (669,144) | | $ | (70,282) | | | (441,665) | Allocation of accretion of temporary equity to redeemable shares | | | 1,181,091 | | | — | | | — | Total net income (loss) by class | | $ | 930,563 | | $ | (26,313) | | | (165,359) | | | | | | | | | | | Denominator: | | | | | | | | | | Weighted average shares outstanding | | | 7,259,615 | | | 762,500 | | | 4,791,667 | Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share | | $ | 0.13 | | $ | (0.03) | | | (0.03) |
The following tables reflect the calculation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per ordinary share for the six months ended June 30, 2024 (in dollars, except share amounts): | | | | | | Six Months Ended | | | June, 2024 | Net income | | $ | 1,314,747 | Accretion of temporary equity to redemption value | | | (2,532,923) | Net loss including accretion of temporary equity to redemption value | | $ | (1,218,176) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | Six Months Ended | | | June 30, 2024 | | | | | | | | | Class B Non- | | | Class A Redeemable | | Class A Non-redeemable | | redeemable | Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share: | | | | | | | | | | Numerator: | | | | | | | | | | Allocation of net income by class | | $ | 744,866 | | $ | 78,236 | | $ | 491,645 | | | | | | | | | | | Less: Accretion allocation based on ownership percentage | | $ | (1,435,021) | | $ | (150,725) | | | (947,177) | Allocation of accretion of temporary equity to redeemable shares | | | 2,532,923 | | | — | | | — | Total net income (loss) by class | | $ | 1,842,768 | | $ | (72,489) | | | (455,532) | | | | | | | | | | | Denominator: | | | | | | | | | | Weighted average shares outstanding | | | 7,572,379 | | | 762,500 | | | 4,791,667 | Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share | | $ | 0.24 | | $ | (0.10) | | | (0.10) |
The following tables reflect the calculation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per ordinary share for the three months ended June 30, 2023 (in dollars, except share amounts): | | | | | | Three Months Ended | | | June 30, 2023 | Net income | | $ | 1,435,806 | Accretion of temporary equity to redemption value | | | (1,743,579) | Net loss including accretion of temporary equity to redemption value | | $ | (307,773) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | Three Months Ended | | | June 30, 2023 | | | | | | | | | Class B Non- | | | Class A Redeemable | | Class A Non-redeemable | | redeemable | Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share: | | | | | | | | | | Numerator: | | | | | | | | | | Allocation of net income by class | | $ | 1,035,653 | | $ | 54,935 | | $ | 345,218 | | | | | | | | | | | Less: Accretion allocation based on ownership percentage | | $ | (1,257,652) | | $ | (66,710) | | | (419,217) | Allocation of accretion of temporary equity to redeemable shares | | | 1,743,579 | | | — | | | — | Total net income (loss) by class | | $ | 1,521,580 | | $ | (11,775) | | | (73,999) | | | | | | | | | | | Denominator: | | | | | | | | | | Weighted average shares outstanding | | | 1,437,000 | | | 762,500 | | | 4,791,667 | Basic and diluted net income per share | | $ | 0.11 | | $ | (0.02) | | | (0.02) |
The following tables reflect the calculation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per ordinary share for the six months ended June 30, 2023 (in dollars, except share amounts): | | | | | | Six Months Ended | | | June 30, 2023 | Net loss from beginning on the year to date of initial public offering | | $ | (6,646) | Net income from date of initial public offering to period end | | | 2,586,417 | Total income for the three months ended June 30, 2023 | | | 2,579,771 | Accretion of temporary equity to redemption value | | | (14,974,488) | Net loss including accretion of temporary equity to redemption value | | $ | (12,394,717) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | Six Months Ended | | | June 30, 2023 | | | | | | | | | Class B Non- | | | Class A Redeemable | | Class A Non-redeemable | | redeemable | Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share: | | | | | | | | | | Numerator: | | | | | | | | | | Allocation of net loss from inception to date of initial public offering | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | (6,646) | Allocation of net income from date of initial public offering to period end | | | 1,865,594 | | | 98,958 | | | 621,865 | Total income allocated by class | | | 1,865,594 | | | 98,958 | | | 615,219 | | | | | | | | | | | Less: Accretion allocation based on ownership percentage | | $ | (10,801,168) | | $ | (572,931) | | | (3,600,389) | Allocation of accretion of temporary equity to redeemable shares | | | 14,974,488 | | | — | | | — | Total net income (loss) by class | | $ | 6,038,914 | | $ | (473,973) | | | (2,985,170) | | | | | | | | | | | Denominator: | | | | | | | | | | Weighted average shares outstanding | | | 13,024,862 | | | 690,884 | | | 4,791,667 | Basic and diluted net income per share | | $ | 0.46 | | $ | (0.69) | | | (0.62) |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2023-09, “Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-09”), which provides for additional disclosures primarily related to the income tax rate reconciliations and income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 requires entities to annually disclose the income tax rate reconciliation using both amounts and percentages, considering several categories of reconciling items, including state and local income taxes, foreign tax effects, tax credits and nontaxable or nondeductible items, among others. Disclosure of the reconciling items is subject to a quantitative threshold and disaggregation by nature and jurisdiction. ASU 2023-09 also requires entities to disclose net income taxes paid or received to federal, state and foreign jurisdictions, as well as by individual jurisdiction, subject to a five percent quantitative threshold. ASU 2023-09 may be adopted on a prospective or retrospective basis and is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact, if any, that ASU 2023-09 would have on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows. The Company’s management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the accompanying financial statements.
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