AIRE reAlpha Tech Corporation

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 15, 2024

Registration Statement No. 333-          

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

FORM S-3

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

reAlpha Tech Corp.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware		86-3425507
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

 

6515 Longshore Loop, Suite 100

Dublin, OH 43017

(707) 732-5742

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of Registrant’s principal executive offices)

 

Giri Devanur

Chief Executive Officer

reAlpha Tech Corp.

6515 Longshore Loop, Suite 100

Dublin, OH 43017

Tel.: (707) 732-5742

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

Copies of all communications to:

 

Nimish Patel, Esq.

Blake Baron, Esq.

Gabriel Miranda, Esq.

Mitchell Silberberg & Knupp LLP

437 Madison Avenue, 25th Floor

New York, NY 10022

(917) 546-7709

 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after the effective date of this registration statement.

 

If the only securities being registered on this form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box.  ☐

 

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box:  ☒

 

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering:  ☐

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering:  ☐

 

If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box.  ☐

 

If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box.  ☐

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer		☐	Accelerated filer		☐
Non-accelerated filer		☒	Smaller reporting company		☒
			Emerging growth company		☒

 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of Securities Act.  ☐

 

THE REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH DATE OR DATES AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT SHALL FILE A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8(A) OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, OR UNTIL THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL BECOME EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION, ACTING PURSUANT TO SAID SECTION 8(A), MAY DETERMINE.

 

  

 

EXPLANATORY NOTE

 

This registration statement contains a base prospectus that covers the potential offering, issuance, and sale from time to time of our common stock, preferred stock, warrants, units and subscription rights in one or more offerings with a total value of up to $75,000,000. The base prospectus immediately follows this explanatory note. The specific terms of any securities to be offered pursuant to the base prospectus will be specified in a prospectus supplement to the base prospectus.

 

This shelf registration statement will provide our company with the flexibility to issue and sell securities if and when deemed appropriate and in the best interest of our stockholders. We may or may not issue and sell any securities under this registration statement. Filing this registration statement merely gives us flexibility to issue registered securities if and when we deem doing so is appropriate and in the best interest of our stockholders, without any unnecessary delays.

 

 

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. No securities may be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities, and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED NOVEMBER 15, 2024

 

PROSPECTUS

 

 

reAlpha Tech Corp.

 

$75,000,000

 

Common Stock

Preferred Stock

Warrants

Units

Subscription Rights

 

We may offer from time to time:

 

	●	Shares of our common stock;
	●	Shares of our preferred stock;
	●	Warrants;
	●	Units; and
	●	Subscription rights.

 

We may offer from time to time to sell the securities described in this prospectus separately or together in any combination, in one or more classes or series, in amounts, at prices and on terms that we will determine at the time of any such offering.

 

The securities we offer will have an aggregate public offering price of up to $75,000,000. We will provide specific terms of any offering in supplements to this prospectus. The securities may be offered separately or together in any combination and as separate series. You should read this prospectus and any prospectus supplement carefully before you invest.

 

We may sell these securities on a continuous or delayed basis directly, through agents, dealers or underwriters as designated from time to time, or through a combination of these methods. We reserve the sole right to accept, and together with any agents, dealers and underwriters, reserve the right to reject, in whole or in part, any proposed purchase of securities. If any agents, dealers or underwriters are involved in the sale of any securities, the applicable prospectus supplement will set forth any applicable commissions or discounts. Our net proceeds from the sale of securities also will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market, or Nasdaq, under the symbol “AIRE.” The last reported sales price of our shares of common stock on November 14, 2024 was $0.98 per share.

 

As of the date of this prospectus, the aggregate market value of our outstanding common stock held by non-affiliates, or public float, was approximately $16,873,163, which was calculated based on 11,966,782 shares of our common stock outstanding held by non-affiliates on such date, and at a price of $1.41 per share, the price at which our common stock was last sold on Nasdaq on September 16, 2024. We have not offered or sold any securities pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3 during the prior 12-calendar-month period that ends on and includes the date of this prospectus. Pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 of Form S-3, in no event will we sell securities registered on this registration statement in a public primary offering with a value exceeding more than one-third of our public float in any 12-month period so long as our public float remains below $75 million.

 

Investing in any of our securities involves a high degree of risk. Please read carefully the section entitled “Risk Factors” in this prospectus and the “Risk Factors” section contained in any applicable prospectus supplement and in the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus before investing in our securities.

 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

The date of this prospectus is                       , 2024.

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS  

 

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS	ii
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS	iii
OUR COMPANY	1
RISK FACTORS	4
USE OF PROCEEDS	5
DILUTION	5
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES THAT MAY BE OFFERED	6
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION	15
EXPERTS	17
LEGAL MATTERS	17
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION	17
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE	18

 

 

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

 

This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC or the Commission, using a “shelf” registration process. Under the shelf process, we may, from time to time, issue and sell to the public any or all of the securities described in the registration statement in one or more offerings.

 

This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we offer securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will describe the specific amounts, prices, and terms of the securities we offer. The prospectus supplement also may add, update, or change information contained in this prospectus. This prospectus, together with applicable prospectus supplements, includes all material information relating to this offering. If there is any inconsistency between the information in this prospectus and the information in the accompanying prospectus supplement, you should rely on the information in the prospectus supplement. Please carefully read both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement together with the additional information described below under the sections entitled “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation by Reference.”

 

We may sell the securities to or through underwriters, dealers, or agents or directly to purchasers. We and our agents reserve the sole right to accept and to reject in whole or in part any proposed purchase of securities. A prospectus supplement, which we will provide each time we offer securities, will provide the names of any underwriters, dealers or agents involved in the sale of the securities, and any applicable fee, commission, or discount arrangements with them.

 

You should rely only on information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. We have not authorized any person to provide you with information that differs from what is contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. If any person does provide you with information that differs from what is contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, you should not rely on it. This prospectus is not an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the securities to which it relates, or an offer of solicitation in any jurisdiction where offers or sales are not permitted. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, even though this prospectus may be delivered or shares may be sold under this prospectus on a later date.

 

Unless the context otherwise requires, references to “we,” “our,” “us” or the “Company” in this prospectus mean reAlpha Tech Corp. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

 

 

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

Some of the statements in this prospectus constitute forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause our or our industry’s actual results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These factors include, among others, those incorporated by reference under “Risk Factors” below.

 

In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” or “continue” or similar terms.

 

Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements. Our actual results could differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including the risk factors incorporated by reference under the heading “Risk Factors” below and a variety of other factors, including, without limitation, statements about our future business operations and results, the market for our technologies, our strategy and competition, expected financial performance, our ability to keep pace with changing consumer preferences, the activities of our subsidiaries, our prospects for acquiring additional companies that align with our business strategy, the integration of recently acquired companies into our business and the timing of the introduction of our products and technologies, each of which could adversely affect our financial results, including cash flows.

 

Moreover, neither we nor any other person assumes responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of these statements. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any of the forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed or incorporated by reference in this prospectus may not occur.

 

 

RISK FACTORS

 

An investment in our securities is risky. Prior to making a decision about investing in our securities, you should carefully consider the specific risks discussed in our other filings with the SEC, which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus, together with all of the other information contained in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement, or otherwise incorporated by reference in this prospectus. The risks and uncertainties described in our SEC filings are not the only ones facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us, or that we currently see as immaterial, may also harm our business. If any of the risks or uncertainties described in the applicable prospectus supplement or our SEC filings or any such additional risks and uncertainties actually occur, our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected. In that case, the trading price of our securities could decline, and you might lose part or all of your investment.

 

 

USE OF PROCEEDS

 

We intend to use the net proceeds for working capital, general corporate purposes (including research and development and sales and marketing, and capital expenditures) and in furtherance of our corporate strategy, which may include investing in, acquiring businesses or technologies, or other strategic transactions to facilitate our long term growth, increase our revenues, and enhance our technology and product offerings. We have not entered into any definitive agreements with respect to any acquisitions or other strategic transactions as of the date of this prospectus. However, the amount and timing of what we actually spend for these purposes may vary and will depend on a number of factors, including our future revenue and cash generated by operations and the other factors described in “Risk Factors.” Accordingly, our management will have discretion and flexibility in applying the net proceeds of this offering. Pending use of the net proceeds as described above, we intend to invest the net proceeds in money market funds and investment-grade debt securities.

 

The amounts we plan to spend on each area of our operations, including capital expenditures, as well as the timing of any expenditures, are determined by internal planning and budgeting processes, and may change over time. Pending such uses, the net proceeds of this offering will be invested according to a cash management policy adopted by our board of directors and focused on preservation of capital.

 

DILUTION

 

We will set forth in a prospectus supplement the following information regarding any material dilution of the equity interests of investors purchasing securities sold by us in a primary offering under this prospectus:

 

	●	the net tangible book value per share of our equity securities before and after the offering;
	●	the amount of the increase in such net tangible book value per share attributable to the cash payments made by purchasers in the offering; and
	●	the amount of the immediate dilution from the public offering price which will be absorbed by such purchasers.

 

 

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES THAT MAY BE OFFERED

 

We may offer and sell, at any time and from time to time:

 

	●	shares of our common stock, par value $0.001 per share;
	●	shares of our preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share;
	●	warrants to purchase any of the other securities that may be sold under this prospectus;
	●	units comprised of one or more of the other securities described in this prospectus;
	●	subscription rights to purchase one or more of the other securities described in this prospectus; or

 

●

any combination of these securities.

 

The terms of any securities we offer will be determined at the time of sale. When particular securities are offered, a supplement to this prospectus will be filed with the SEC, which will describe the terms of the offering and sale of the offered securities.

 

Description of Capital Stock

 

General

 

The following description of our capital stock and provisions of our certificate of incorporation (as amended and restated, the “certificate of incorporation”) and bylaws (as amended and restated, the “bylaws”) is a summary only and not a complete description.

 

Our authorized capital stock currently consists of 200,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 5,000,000 shares of “blank check” preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share.

 

As of the date of this prospectus, there were 45,864,503 shares of common stock outstanding and 0 shares of preferred stock outstanding. In addition, there were outstanding:

 

●

3,697,961 shares of common stock available for future issuance under the Company’s 2022 Equity Incentive Plan;

 

	●	1,600,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants dated November 24, 2023 at $5.00 per share (the “Common Warrants”); and
	●	1,700,884 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants dated October 23, 2023 at $371.90 per share (the “GEM Warrants”).

  

Common Stock

 

As of the date of this prospectus, 45,864,503 shares of our common stock were outstanding and held of record by 3,140 stockholders. The actual number of stockholders is significantly greater than this number of record stockholders and includes stockholders who are beneficial owners but whose shares are held in street name by brokers and other nominees. This number of stockholders of record also does not include stockholders whose shares may be held in trust by other entities.

 

Voting Rights. The holders of shares of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held on record on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders. Any action at a meeting at which a quorum is present will be decided by a majority of the votes cast by the stockholders present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote thereon, except in the case of any election of directors, which will be decided by a plurality of votes cast. There is no cumulative voting.

 

Dividends. We have never declared or paid cash dividends on any of its capital stock and currently does not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. The holders of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors out of legally available funds. Any dividend declared by the board of directors must be equal, on a per share basis.

 

Liquidation Rights. In the event of a voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the Company, the holders of common stock are entitled to share in the net assets legally available for distribution to stockholders after the payment of our debts and other liabilities.

 

 

Preferred Stock

 

Our board of directors has the authority to issue undesignated shares of “blank check” preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the designation, relative powers, preferences and rights and qualifications, limitations or restrictions of all shares of each such series, including, without limitation, dividend rates, conversion rights, voting rights, redemption and sinking fund provisions, liquidation preferences and the number of shares constituting each such series, without any further vote or action by the stockholders. The issuance of additional preferred stock could decrease the amount of earnings and assets available for distribution to holders of our common stock or adversely affect the rights and powers, including voting rights, of the holders of our common stock and could, among other things, have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our company without further action by the stockholders. We have no present plans to issue any shares of preferred stock.

  

Antitakeover Effects of Provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws and of Delaware Law

  

Certain provisions of our certificate of incorporation and the DGCL could have an anti-takeover effect and could delay, discourage or prevent a tender offer or takeover attempt that a stockholder might consider to be in its best interests, including attempts that might otherwise result in a premium being paid over the market price of our common stock, some of which are summarized in the following paragraphs below. These provisions are intended to avoid costly takeover battles, reduce our vulnerability to a hostile or abusive change of control and enhance the ability of our board of directors to maximize stockholder value in connection with any unsolicited offer to acquire us. However, these provisions may have an anti-takeover effect and may delay, deter or prevent a merger or acquisition of the Company by means of a tender offer, a proxy contest or other takeover attempt that a stockholder might consider in its best interest, including those attempts that might result in a premium over the prevailing market price for the shares of common stock held by stockholders.

   

Stockholder Meetings

 

The certificate of incorporation provides that the annual meeting of stockholders will be held each year on the date and at the time and place, if any, set by our board of directors for the purpose of electing directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting. The certificate of incorporation also provides that special meetings of our stockholders may be called at any time only by the board of directors, the chairman of the board of directors or our chief executive officer acting pursuant to a resolution approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office, subject to the rights of holders of any series of preferred stock then outstanding

 

Our bylaws provide that with respect to an annual meeting of stockholders, nominations of individuals for election to the board of directors and the proposal of business to be considered by stockholders may be made only (1) pursuant to our notice of the meeting, (2) by or at the direction of the board of directors, or (3) by a stockholder who is a stockholder of record at the record date set by our board of directors for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to vote at the annual meeting, at the time of giving the advance notice required by our bylaws and at the time of the meeting (and any postponement or adjournment thereof), who is entitled to vote at the meeting in the election of each individual nominated or on such other business and who has complied with the advance notice procedures of the bylaws. Stockholders generally must provide notice to our secretary not later than the close of business on the 90th day nor earlier than the close of business on the 120th day before the anniversary date of the immediately preceding annual meeting of stockholders.

 

With respect to special meetings of stockholders, only the business specified in our notice of the meeting may be brought before the meeting. Nominations of individuals for election to the board of directors at a special meeting may be made only (1) by or at the direction of the board of directors or (2) provided that the meeting has been called in accordance with our bylaws for the purpose of electing directors, by a stockholder who is a stockholder of record at the record date set by our board of directors for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to vote at the special meeting, at the time of giving the advance notice required by our bylaws and at the time of the meeting (and any postponement or adjournment thereof), who is entitled to vote at the meeting in the election of each individual nominated and who has complied with the advance notice provisions of the bylaws. Stockholders generally must provide notice to our secretary not later than the close of business on the 10th day following the day on which public announcement of the date of the special meeting is first made by us.

 

 

Amendment to our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

 

Except for those amendments permitted to be made without stockholder approval under the DGCL, our certificate of incorporation generally may be amended only if the amendment is approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the stock entitled to vote; provided, however, that certain amendments may only be adopted by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least sixty-six and two thirds percent (66 2/3%) of the total voting power of all the then outstanding shares of the Company’s stock entitled to vote.

 

Our board of directors has the exclusive power to adopt, alter or repeal any provision of our bylaws and to make new bylaws with the affirmative vote of a majority of the board of directors.

 

Section 203 of the DGCL

 

We have opted out of Section 203 of the DGCL under our certificate of incorporation. As a result, pursuant to our certificate of incorporation, we are prohibited from engaging in any business combination with any stockholder for a period of three years following the time that such stockholder (the “interested stockholder”) came to own at least 15% of our outstanding voting stock (the “acquisition”), except if:

 

●

our board of directors approved the acquisition prior to its consummation;

 

●

the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the outstanding voting stock upon consummation of the acquisition; or

 

●

the acquisition is approved by our board of directors, and by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds vote of the non-interested stockholders in a meeting.

 

The restrictions described above will apply subject to certain exceptions, including if a stockholder becomes an interested stockholder inadvertently and, as soon as practicable, divests itself of ownership of such shares so that the stockholder ceases to be an interest stockholder, and, within the three (3) year period, that stockholder has not become an interested stockholder but for such inadvertent acquisition of ownership. Generally, a “business combination” or “acquisition” includes any merger, consolidation, asset or stock sale or certain other transactions resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. Subject to certain exceptions, an “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with that person’s affiliates and associates, owns, or within the previous three years owned, 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock.

 

Our certificate of incorporation provisions that elect to opt out of Section 203 of the DGCL may make it more difficult for a person who would be an “interested stockholder” to effect various business combinations with us for a three-year period. This may encourage companies interested in acquiring us to negotiate in advance with our board of directors because the stockholder approval requirement would be avoided if our board of directors approves the acquisition which results in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder. This may also have the effect of preventing changes in our board of directors and may make it more difficult to accomplish transactions which stockholders may otherwise deem to be in their best interests.

 

Exclusive Forum for Certain Lawsuits

 

Our certificate of incorporation provides that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee to us or to our stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim against us, our directors, officers or employees arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or our certificate of incorporation or bylaws or (iv) any action asserting a claim against use, our directors, officers or employees governed by the internal affairs doctrine.

 

 

Under our certificate of incorporation, this exclusive forum provision will not apply to claims which are vested in the exclusive jurisdiction of a court or forum other than the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, for which the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware does not have subject matter jurisdiction, or for which the Court of Chancery determines there is an indispensable party not subject to its jurisdiction. For instance, the provision would not apply to actions arising under federal securities laws, including suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Securities Act, the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or the rules and regulations thereunder.

 

Limitations on Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors

 

The DGCL authorizes corporations to limit or eliminate the personal liability of directors to corporations and their stockholders for monetary damages for breaches of directors’ fiduciary duties, subject to certain exceptions. The certificate of incorporation includes a provision that eliminates the personal liability of directors for monetary damages to the corporation or its stockholders for any breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except to the extent such exemption from liability or limitation thereof is not permitted under the DGCL. The effect of these provisions is to eliminate the rights of us and our stockholders, through stockholders’ derivative suits on our behalf, to recover monetary damages from a director for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, including breaches resulting from grossly negligent behavior. However, exculpation does not apply to any director if the director has breached such director’s duty of loyalty, acted in bad faith, knowingly or intentionally violated the law, authorized illegal dividends, redemptions or repurchases or derived an improper benefit from his or her actions as a director.

 

The limitation of liability provision in our certificate of incorporation may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against directors for breach of their fiduciary duty. These provisions also may have the effect of reducing the likelihood of derivative litigation against directors and officers, even though such an action, if successful, might otherwise benefit us and our stockholders. In addition, your investment may be adversely affected to the extent we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and officers pursuant to these indemnification provisions.

 

There is currently no pending material litigation or proceeding involving any of our directors, officers or employees for which indemnification is sought.

 

Market-Making, Stabilization and Other Transactions

 

There is currently no market for any of the offered securities, other than our common stock which is traded on Nasdaq.  If the offered securities are traded after their initial issuance, they may trade at a discount from their initial offering price, depending upon prevailing interest rates, the market for similar securities and other factors.  While it is possible that an underwriter could inform us that it intends to make a market in the offered securities, any such underwriter would not be obligated to do so, and any such market-making could be discontinued at any time without notice.  Therefore, no assurance can be given as to whether an active trading market will develop for the offered securities.  We have no current plans for listing the preferred stock, warrants, units or subscription rights on any securities exchange or quotation system.  Any such listing with respect to our preferred stock, warrants, units or subscription rights will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement or other offering materials, as the case may be.

 

Transfer Agent

 

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is VStock Transfer, LLC.

 

Description of Warrants

 

The following description, together with the additional information we include in any applicable prospectus supplement, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the warrants that we may offer under this prospectus and any related warrant agreements and warrant certificates. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any warrants we may offer, we will describe the particular terms of any series of warrants in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement, which may differ from the terms we describe below.

 

 

General

 

We may issue, together with other securities or separately, warrants to purchase shares of our common stock, our preferred stock, units or subscription rights. We may issue the warrants directly to the purchasers of the warrants or under warrant agreements to be entered into between us and a bank or trust company, as warrant agent, all as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. A warrant agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the warrants of the series being offered and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders or beneficial owners of warrants.

  

The prospectus supplement will describe the following terms, where applicable, of warrants that we may offer:

 

	●	the title of the warrants;
	●	the designation, amount and terms of the securities for which the warrants are exercisable and the procedures and conditions relating to the exercise of such warrants;
	●	the designation and terms of the other securities, if any, with which the warrants are to be issued and the number of warrants issued with each such security;
	●	the price or prices at which the warrants will be issued;
	●	the aggregate number of warrants;
	●	any provisions for adjustment of the number or amount of securities receivable upon exercise of the warrants or the exercise price of the warrants;
	●	the price or prices at which the securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants may be purchased, including provisions for adjustment of the exercise price of the warrant;
	●	if applicable, the date on and after which the warrants and the securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants will be separately transferable;
	●	if applicable, a discussion of the material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the exercise of the warrants;
	●	any other terms of the warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of the warrants;
	●	the date on which the right to exercise the warrants shall commence, and the date on which the right shall expire; and
	●	the maximum or minimum number of warrants which may be exercised at any time.

 

Before exercising their warrants, holders of warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of the securities purchasable upon such exercise, including the right to receive dividends, if any, or payments upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up or to exercise voting rights, if any.

 

Exercise of Warrants

 

Each warrant will entitle the holder thereof to purchase the number of shares of common stock, preferred stock or other securities at the exercise price as will in each case be set forth in, or be determinable as set forth in, the applicable prospectus supplement. Warrants may be exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void.

 

Warrants may be exercised as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to the warrants offered thereby. Upon receipt of payment and the warrant certificate properly completed and duly executed at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or any other office indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will, as soon as practicable, forward the purchased securities. If less than all of the warrants represented by the warrant certificate are exercised, a new warrant certificate will be issued for the remaining warrants.

 

 

Enforceability of Rights of Holders of Warrants

 

Each warrant agent will act solely as our agent under the applicable warrant agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any warrant. A single bank or trust company may act as warrant agent for more than one issue of warrants. A warrant agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable warrant agreement or warrant, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a warrant may, without the consent of the related warrant agent or the holder of any other warrant, enforce by appropriate legal action its right to exercise, and receive the securities purchasable upon exercise of, that holder’s warrants.

 

Description of Outstanding Warrants

 

The following description of the material terms of our outstanding warrants is a summary only and not a complete description.

 

GEM Warrants

 

The GEM Warrants (as defined above) were issued in connection with a Share Purchase Agreement between us and GEM Global Yield LLC SCS (“GEM Yield”) and GEM Yield Bahamas Limited (“GYBL,” and collectively, “GEM”), dated December 1, 2022 (the “GEM Agreement”). The GEM Warrants have an exercise price of $371.90 per share and contain weighted average anti-dilution provisions that provide that if the Company issues shares of common stock, or securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of common stock, subject to certain exceptions, at a price per share that is less than the then-current GEM Warrants exercise price, then then the exercise price of the GEM Warrants will be proportionally reduced by application of a formula provided for in the GEM Warrants that takes into account such new issuance price in light of the number of shares issued and to be issued. In addition to the foregoing adjustment, on the one-year anniversary of our Nasdaq listing, if all or any portion of the GEM Warrants remain unexercised and the average daily closing price of the common stock on Nasdaq over the 10-days preceding such anniversary is less than 90% of the then-current exercise price of the GEM Warrants (the “Baseline Price”), or less than $334.71 per share, then the exercise price of such remaining GEM Warrants will be adjusted to 110% of the Baseline Price. Due to an ongoing dispute with GYBL regarding the GEM Warrants, pursuant to which we have claimed that the GEM Warrants are void and subject to rescission under Section 29(b) of the Exchange Act, there is uncertainty about the enforceability of the GEM Warrants and its terms. If the dispute is not resolved through negotiations and the lawsuit is adversely determined against us, we may be required to adjust the GEM Warrants’ exercise price downward significantly. Additionally, given the ongoing dispute with GYBL, the exercise price of the GEM Warrants were not adjusted at its one-year anniversary pursuant to the GEM Warrant’s terms pending resolution of such dispute.

 

Common Warrants

 

On November 24, 2023, we issued Common Warrants (as defined above) to purchase up to 1,600,000 shares of common stock pursuant to the terms and conditions of a placement agency agreement with Maxim Group, LLC and a securities purchase agreement with certain purchasers, as part of a best efforts public offering of our securities.

 

Exercisability. The Common Warrants will be exercisable at any time after their original issuance and may be exercised until the five-year anniversary of the original issuance date. If a registration statement registering the issuance of the common stock underlying the Common Warrants under the Securities Act is not effective or available and an exemption from registration under the Securities Act is not available for the issuance of such shares, the holder may, in its sole discretion, elect to exercise the Common Warrant through a cashless exercise, in which case the holder would receive upon such exercise the net number of shares of common stock determined according to the formula set forth in the Common Warrant. No fractional shares of common stock will be issued in connection with the exercise of a Common Warrant. In lieu of fractional shares, the number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise will be rounded up to the next whole share.

 

Exercise Limitation. A holder will not have the right to exercise any portion of the Common Warrants if the holder (together with its affiliates) would beneficially own in excess of 4.99% (or, upon election by a holder prior to the issuance of any Warrants, 9.99%) of the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of the Common Warrants. However, any holder may increase or decrease such percentage to any other percentage not in excess of 9.99% upon at least 61 days’ prior notice from the holder to us with respect to any increase in such percentage. 

 

 

Exercise Price. The exercise price for the Common Warrants, is $5.00 per share, subject to certain adjustments. The exercise price and number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise will adjust in the event of certain share dividends and distributions, share splits, share combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting our common stock.

 

Adjustments. The Common Warrants provide for adjustment of its exercise price of $5.00 per share and number of shares issuable pursuant to the Common Warrants if we, or any significant subsidiary thereof, as applicable, shall sell, enter into any agreement to sell or grant any option to purchase, or sell or grant any right to reprice, or otherwise dispose of or issue (or announce any offer, sale, grant or any option to purchase or other disposition) any common stock or common stock equivalents, at an effective price per share that is less than the exercise price then in effect (such lower price, the “Base Share Price” and such issuances collectively, a “Dilutive Issuance”), subject to certain exceptions. In the event a Dilutive Issuance occurs, the exercise price shall be reduced to equal the Base Share Price and the number of shares issuable pursuant to the Common Warrants will increase such that the aggregate exercise price payable, after taking into account the decrease in the exercise price, will equal the aggregate exercise price prior to such adjustment, provided that the Base Share Price shall not be less than $1.44 (subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, recapitalizations and similar transactions).

 

Transferability. Subject to applicable laws, the Common Warrants may be offered for sale, sold, transferred or assigned without our consent.

 

Warrant Agent. The Common Warrants were issued in accordance with a warrant agency agreement between VStock Transfer, LLC, as warrant agent, and us. The Common Warrants are represented only by one or more global warrants deposited with the warrant agent, as custodian on behalf of The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) and registered in the name of Cede & Co., a nominee of DTC, or as otherwise directed by DTC.

 

Exchange Listing. The Common Warrants are not listed on any stock exchange.

 

Rights as a Stockholder. Except as otherwise provided in the Common Warrants, or by virtue of such holder’s ownership of our common stock, the holder of a Common Warrant does not have the rights or privileges of a holder of our common stock, including any voting rights, until the holder exercises the Common Warrant.

 

Fundamental Transactions. In the case of certain fundamental transactions affecting the Company, a holder of Common Warrants, upon exercise of such Common Warrants after such fundamental transaction, will have the right to receive, in lieu of shares of common stock, the same amount and kind of securities, cash or property that such holder would have been entitled to receive upon the occurrence of the fundamental transaction, had the Common Warrants been exercised immediately prior to such fundamental transaction. In lieu of such consideration, a holder of Common Warrants may instead elect to receive a cash payment based upon the Black-Scholes value of their Common Warrants.

 

Governing Law. The Common Warrants and the warrant agency agreement are governed by New York law.

 

Description of Units

 

We may, from time to time, issue units comprised of one or more of the other securities described in this prospectus in any combination. A prospectus supplement will describe the specific terms of the units offered under that prospectus supplement, and any special considerations applicable to investing in those units. You must look at the applicable prospectus supplement and any applicable unit agreement for a full understanding of the specific terms of any units. We will incorporate by reference into the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part the form of unit agreement, including a form of unit certificate, if any, that describes the terms of the series of units we are offering before the issuance of the related series of units. While the terms we have summarized below will generally apply to any future units that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any series of units that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement and incorporated documents. The terms of any units offered under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below. 

 

 

General

 

We may issue units consisting of common stock, preferred stock, warrants, subscription rights or any combination thereof in such amounts and in such numerous distinct series as we determine. Each unit will be issued so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the rights and obligations of a holder of each included security. The unit agreement under which a unit is issued may provide that the securities included in the unit may not be held or transferred separately, at any time, or at any time before a specified date.

 

We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement and any incorporated documents the terms of the series of units, including the following:

 

	●	the designation and terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances those securities may be held or transferred separately;
	●	any unit agreement under which the units will be issued; and
	●	any provisions for the issuance, payment, settlement, transfer, or exchange of the units or of the securities comprising the units.

 

The provisions described in this section, as well as those described under “Description of Capital Stock - Common Stock,” “Description of Capital Stock - Preferred Stock,” “Description of Warrants” and “Description of Subscription Rights” will apply to each unit and to any common stock, preferred stock, warrant or subscription right included in each unit, respectively.

  

Enforceability of Rights by Holders of Units

 

Each unit agent will act solely as our agent under the applicable unit agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any unit. A single bank or trust company may act as unit agent for more than one series of units. A unit agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable unit agreement or unit, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a unit, without the consent of the related unit agent or the holder of any other unit, may enforce by appropriate legal action its rights as holder under any security included in the unit.

 

Title

 

We, the unit agent, and any of their agents may treat the registered holder of any unit certificate as an absolute owner of the units evidenced by that certificate for any purposes and as the person entitled to exercise the rights attaching to the units so requested, despite any notice to the contrary.

 

 

Description of Subscription Rights

 

We may issue subscription rights to purchase shares of our common stock, preferred stock, warrants or units. These subscription rights may be issued independently or together with any other security offered hereby and may or may not be transferable by the stockholder receiving the subscription rights in such offering.  In connection with any offering of subscription rights, we may enter into a standby arrangement with one or more underwriters or other purchasers pursuant to which the underwriters or other purchasers may be required to purchase any securities remaining unsubscribed for after such offering.

 

The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the specific terms of any offering of subscription rights for which this prospectus is being delivered, including the following:

 

	●	the price, if any, for the subscription rights;
	●	the exercise price payable for each security upon the exercise of the subscription rights;
	●	the number of subscription rights issued to each stockholder;
	●	the number and terms of the securities that may be purchased pursuant to each subscription right;
	●	the extent to which the subscription rights are transferable;
	●	the date on which the right to exercise the subscription rights shall commence, and the date on which the subscription rights shall expire;
	●	the extent to which the subscription rights may include an over-subscription privilege with respect to unsubscribed securities; and
	●	if applicable, the material terms of any standby underwriting or purchase arrangement entered into by us in connection with the offering of subscription rights.

 

The description in the applicable prospectus supplement of any subscription rights we offer will not necessarily be complete and will be qualified in its entirety by reference to the applicable subscription rights certificate, which will be filed with the SEC, if we offer subscription rights.

 

 

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 

We may sell the securities in and outside the United States through underwriters or dealers, directly to purchasers, including our affiliates, through agents, or through a combination of any of these methods. The prospectus supplement will include the following information:

 

	●	the terms of the offering;
	●	the names of any underwriters, dealers or agents;
	●	the name or names of any managing underwriter or underwriters;

 

	●	the purchase price of the securities;
	●	the net proceeds from the sale of the securities;
	●	any delayed delivery arrangements;
	●	any underwriting discounts, commissions and other items constituting underwriters’ compensation;
	●	any public offering price;
	●	any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers;
	●	any commissions paid to agents; and
	●	any market or securities exchange on which the securities offered in the prospectus supplement may be listed.

 

Sale through Underwriters or Dealers

 

If underwriters are used in the sale of any of these securities, the underwriters will acquire the securities for their own account. The underwriters may resell the securities from time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale. Underwriters may offer securities to the public either through underwriting syndicates represented by one or more managing underwriters or directly by one or more firms acting as underwriters. Unless we inform you otherwise in any prospectus supplement, the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to certain conditions, and the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all the offered securities if they purchase any of them. The underwriters may change from time to time any public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers.

 

During and after an offering through underwriters, the underwriters may purchase and sell the securities in the open market. These transactions may include overallotment and stabilizing transactions and purchases to cover syndicate short positions created in connection with the offering. The underwriters may also impose a penalty bid, which means that selling concessions allowed to syndicate members or other broker-dealers for the offered securities sold for their account may be reclaimed by the syndicate if the offered securities are repurchased by the syndicate in stabilizing or covering transactions. These activities may stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the market price of the offered securities, which may be higher than the price that might otherwise prevail in the open market. If commenced, the underwriters may discontinue these activities at any time.

 

Some or all of the securities that we offer though this prospectus may be new issues of securities with no established trading market. Any underwriters to whom we sell these securities for public offering and sale may make a market in those securities, but they will not be obligated to and they may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. Accordingly, we cannot assure you of the liquidity of, or continued trading markets for, any securities that we offer.

 

If dealers are used in the sale of securities, we will sell the securities to them as principals. They may then resell those securities to the public at varying prices determined by the dealers at the time of resale. We will include in the prospectus supplement the names of the dealers and the terms of the transaction.

 

 

Direct Sales and Sales through Agents

 

We may sell the securities directly, and not through underwriters or agents. We may also sell the securities through agents designated from time to time. In the prospectus supplement, we will name any agent involved in the offer or sale of the offered securities, and we will describe any commissions payable to the agent. Unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, any agent will agree to use its reasonable best efforts to solicit purchases for the period of its appointment.

 

We may sell the securities directly to institutional investors or others who may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to any sale of those securities. We will describe the terms of any such sales in the prospectus supplement.

 

Issuance Pursuant to Certain Warrant Exercises

 

We may also offer and sell our common stock or preferred stock upon the exercise of warrants issued by us, pursuant to the exemption from the registration requirements provided by Section 3(a)(10) of the Securities Act, in connection with a settlement of litigation against us. No underwriter would be used in connection with such offer and sale of common stock or preferred stock or the exercise of such warrants. We would issue the shares of our common stock or preferred stock directly to the holders of such warrants, upon the exercise of such warrants, from time to time. We will describe the terms of any such offers, sales and warrants in a prospectus supplement.

 

General Information

 

We may have agreements with the agents, dealers and underwriters to indemnify them against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute with respect to payments that the agents, dealers or underwriters may be required to make. Agents, dealers and underwriters may be customers of, engage in transactions with or perform services for us in the ordinary course of their businesses.

 

 

EXPERTS

 

The consolidated financial statements of reAlpha Tech Corp. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2023, April 30, 2023, and April 30, 2022, have been included herein and in the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part in reliance upon the report of GBQ Partners, LLC, an independent registered public accounting firm, appearing elsewhere herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

 

LEGAL MATTERS

 

Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, the validity of any securities offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Mitchell Silberberg & Knupp LLP, New York, New York.

 

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

 

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Our website is located at www.peraso.com. Through links on the “Investors” portion of our website, we make available free of charge all reports, any amendments to those reports and other information filed with, or furnished to, the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Such material is made available through our website as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file the information with, or furnish it to, the SEC. The information contained on or that can be accessed through our website does not constitute part of this prospectus, except for reports filed with the SEC that are specifically incorporated herein by reference.

 

This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the SEC. This prospectus does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement. Forms of any indenture or other documents establishing the terms of the offered securities are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part or will be filed through an amendment to our registration statement on Form S-3 or under cover of a Current Report on Form 8-K or other filed document and incorporated into this prospectus by reference. Statements in this prospectus about these documents are summaries and each statement is qualified in all respects by reference to the document to which it refers. You should refer to the actual documents for a more complete description of the relevant matters. The full registration statement, including exhibits thereto, may be obtained from the SEC or us as indicated above.

 

 

INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE 

 

The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” the information we file with them, which means that we can disclose important information by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus, and information that we file later with the SEC will automatically update and supersede the information that is either incorporated by reference, or contained in, this prospectus and will be considered a part of this prospectus from the date those documents are filed. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below:

 

●

our Transition Report on Form 10-KT for the transition period ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on March 12, 2024;

 

●

our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2024, June 30, 2024 and September 30, 2024, filed with the SEC on April 19, 2024, August 14, 2024 and November 12, 2024, respectively;

 

	●	our Current Reports on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on February 1, 2024, February 8, 2024, March 12, 2024, April 19, 2024, May 6, 2024, July 12, 2024, July 15, 2024, July 17, 2024, July 29, 2024, August 15, 2024, August 15, 2024, August 19, 2024, August 20, 2024, August 21, 2024, September 9, 2024, September 30, 2024, October 11, 2024, October 30, 2024 and November 12, 2024;
	●	our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on October 30, 2024; and

 

●

the description of our capital stock set forth in our Registration Statement on Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on October 18, 2023, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description.

 

In addition, all documents filed by us with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act subsequent to the date of filing the registration statement that includes this prospectus and prior to the filing of a post-effective amendment to the registration statement containing this prospectus, which indicates that all securities offered have been sold or which deregisters all of such securities then remaining unsold, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus and to be a part hereof from the respective dates of filing of such documents.  However, we are not incorporating by reference, in each case, any information or documents that are deemed to be furnished and not filed in accordance with SEC rules, including any information furnished pursuant to Items 2.02 or 7.01 of Form 8-K or related exhibits furnished pursuant to Item 9.01 of Form 8-K.

 

You may request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the following address or telephone number:

 

reAlpha Tech Corp.

6515 Longshore Loop, Suite 100

Dublin, OH 43017
(707) 732-5742

Attention: Chief Operating Officer and President

 

We will not, however, send exhibits to these documents unless the exhibits are specifically incorporated by reference in those documents or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus. In addition, you may obtain a copy of these filings from the SEC as described above in the section entitled “Where You Can Find More Information.”

 

 

 

 

reAlpha Tech Corp.

 

$75,000,000

 

Common Stock

Preferred Stock

Warrants

Units

Subscription Rights

 

 

 

PROSPECTUS

 

 

 

PART II

 

Information Not Required In Prospectus

 

Item 14. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.

 

The following statement sets forth the expenses and costs expected to be incurred by the Company in connection with the distribution of its securities being registered in this registration statement.

 

SEC registration fee		$	11,482.50
FINRA filing fee		$	11,750
Transfer agent’s fees and expenses		$	*
Legal fees and expenses		$	*
Accounting fees and expenses		$	*
Trustee fees and expenses		$	*
Miscellaneous fees and expenses		$	*
Total		$	*

 

*	These fees and expenses depend on the securities offered and the number of issuances and, accordingly, cannot be estimated at this time.

 

Item 15. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

 

The following summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the complete text of any statutes referred to below and to the certificate of incorporation, and the bylaws of reAlpha Tech Corp., a Delaware corporation.

 

As permitted by Section 102 of the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation and bylaws that became effective upon our Nasdaq listing contain provisions that limit or eliminate the personal liability of our officers and directors for a breach of their fiduciary duty as a director and/or officer, as applicable. For example, the fiduciary duty of care generally requires that, when acting on behalf of the corporation, directors exercise an informed business judgment based on all material information reasonably available to them. Consequently, a director will not be personally liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except to the extent such exemption from liability or limitation thereof is not permitted under the DGCL.

 

These limitations of liability do not affect the availability of equitable remedies such as injunctive relief or rescission. Our certificate of incorporation will also authorize us to indemnify our officers, directors, and other agents to the fullest extent permitted under Delaware law.

 

As permitted by Section 145 of the DGCL, our bylaws will provide that:

 

●

we may indemnify our directors, officers, and employees to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, subject to limited exceptions; and

 

●

the rights provided in our bylaws are not exclusive.

 

Our certificate of incorporation and our bylaws provide for the indemnification provisions described above and elsewhere herein. We will enter into, and intend to continue to enter into, separate indemnification agreements with our directors and officers that may be broader than the specific indemnification provisions contained in the DGCL. These indemnification agreements generally require us, among other things, to indemnify our officers and directors against certain liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service as directors or officers, other than liabilities arising from willful misconduct. These indemnification agreements also generally require us to advance any expenses incurred by the directors or officers as a result of any proceeding against them as to which they could be indemnified. These indemnification provisions and the indemnification agreements may be sufficiently broad to permit indemnification of our officers and directors for liabilities, including reimbursement of expenses incurred, arising under the Securities Act.

 

We have purchased and currently intend to maintain insurance on behalf of each and every person who is or was a director or officer of the Company against any loss arising from any claim asserted against him or her and incurred by him or her in any such capacity, subject to certain exclusions.

 

 

Item 16. Exhibits.

 

Number		Document
1.1***		Form of Underwriting Agreement.
2.1**#		Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of December 3, 2023, among reAlpha Tech Corp., Naamche, Inc., the Sellers and the Sellers’ Representative (previously filed as Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 4, 2023).
2.2**#		Amended and Restated Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 2, 2024, among reAlpha Tech Corp., Naamche, Inc. Pvt. Ltd., the Sellers and the Sellers’ Representative (previously filed as Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K filed with the SEC February 8, 2024).
2.3**#		Business Acquisition and Financing Agreement, dated as of July 12, 2024, among reAlpha Tech Corp., AiChat Pte. Ltd., AiChat10X Pte. Ltd. and Kester Poh Kah Yong (previously filed as Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 15, 2024).
2.4**#		Membership Interest Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 8, 2024, among reAlpha Tech Corp., Debt Does Deals, LLC (d/b/a Be My Neighbor), Christopher B. Griffith and Isabel Williams (previously filed as Exhibit 2.1 of Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 9, 2024).
3.1**		Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (previously filed as Exhibit 3.1 of Form S-11 filed with the SEC on August 8, 2023).
3.2**		Second Amended and Restated Bylaws (previously filed as Exhibit 3.2 of Form S-11 filed with the SEC on August 8, 2023).
4.1**		Form of Warrant (previously filed as Exhibit 6.3 of Form 1-U filed with the SEC on December 5, 2022).
4.2**		Form of Common Warrant (previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 21, 2023).
4.3**		Warrant Agency Agreement (previously filed as Exhibit 4.2 of Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 21, 2023).
4.4**		Secured Promissory Note, dated as of August 14, 2024 (previously filed as Exhibit 4.4 of Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 14, 2024).
4.5***		Form of Certificate of Designations, Rights and Preferences of Preferred Stock.
4.6***		Form of Warrant and Form of Warrant Agreement.
4.7***		Form of Unit Agreement.
4.8***		Form of Subscription Rights Agreement (including form of Subscription Rights Certificate).
5.1*		Opinion of Mitchell Silberberg & Knupp LLP.
23.1*		Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – GBQ Partners, LLC.
23.2*		Consent of Mitchell Silberberg & Knupp LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).
24.1*		Power of Attorney (filed as part of signature page to the registration statement).
107*		Filing Fee Table.

 

*	Filed herewith.

 

**	Previously filed.

 

***	To be filed with a Current Report on Form 8-K or a Post-Effective Amendment to the registration statement.
#	Certain schedules, exhibits and similar attachments have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. The Company hereby undertakes to furnish copies of such omitted materials supplementally upon request by the SEC.

 

 

Item 17. Undertakings

 

The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:

 

(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

 

(i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933.

 

(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the Registration Statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the Registration Statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement.

 

(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement.

 

Provided, however, that paragraphs (1)(i), (1)(ii) and (1)(iii) above do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-3 or Form F-3 and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the Registrant pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.

 

(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post- effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

 

(4) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:

 

(A)  Each prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and

 

(B)  Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date; or

 

 

(5) That, for the purpose of determining liability of the Registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities: The undersigned Registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned Registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned Registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

 

(i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

 

(ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned Registrant;

 

(iii) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant; and

 

(iv) Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned Registrant to the purchaser.

 

(6) That, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the Registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

(7) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the provisions described in Item 15 above, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

 

SignatureS

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on a Form S-3 and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Dublin, Ohio, on November 15, 2024.

 

	REALPHA TECH CORP.
	By:	/s/ Giri Devanur
		Giri Devanur
		Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors

 

POWER OF ATTORNEY

 

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Giri Devanur and Rakesh Prasad as the undersigned’s true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for the undersigned and in the undersigned’s name, place and stead in any and all capacities, in connection with this registration statement, including to sign in the name and on behalf of the undersigned, this registration statement and any and all amendments thereto, including post-effective amendments and registrations filed pursuant to Rule 462 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto such attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as the undersigned might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and agents, or his substitute, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated:

 

Signature		Title		Date
/s/ Giri Devanur		Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors		November 15, 2024
Giri Devanur		(principal executive officer)
/s/ Rakesh Prasad		Interim Chief Financial Officer		November 15, 2024
Rakesh Prasad		(principal financial and accounting officer)
/s/ Dimitrios Angelis		Director		November 15, 2024
Dimitrios Angelis
/s/ Brian Cole		Director		November 15, 2024
Brian Cole
/s/ Monaz Karkaria		Director		November 15, 2024
Monaz Karkaria
/s/ Balaji Swaminathan		Director		November 15, 2024
Balaji Swaminathan

 

 

II-5

 

Exhibit 5.1

 

 

November 15, 2024

 

reAlpha Tech Corp.
6515 Longshore Loop, Suite 100

Dublin, Ohio 43017

 

Re:

reAlpha Tech Corp. – Registration Statement on Form S-3

 

Ladies and Gentlemen:

 

We have acted as counsel to reAlpha Tech Corp., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), in connection with the preparation and filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), of the Company’s registration statement on Form S-3 (the “Registration Statement”), relating to the registration of (i) shares of its common stock, $0.001 par value per share (the “Common Stock”), (ii) shares of its preferred stock, $0.001 par value (the “Preferred Stock”), (iii) warrants to purchase shares of Common Stock or Preferred Stock (the “Warrants”), (iv) subscription rights to purchase securities registered under the Registration Statement (the “Rights”) and (v) units representing an interest in two or more securities registered under the Registration Statement (the “Units”), with an aggregate offering price of up to $75,000,000 (the Common Stock, Preferred Stock, Warrants, Units and Rights are each referred to herein as a “Security,” and collectively as the “Securities”) for primary offerings.

 

As counsel to the Company in connection with this opinion letter, we have examined such corporate records, documents, and instruments of the Company and reviewed such questions of law as we have deemed necessary for the purpose of rendering the opinions set forth herein and we have examined the proceedings proposed to be taken by the Company relating to the issuance and sale of the Securities. We have also examined the Registration Statement as filed with the Commission in accordance with the provisions of the Act, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.

 

We have examined such documents and considered such legal matters as we have deemed necessary and relevant as the basis for the opinions set forth below. With respect to such examination, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as reproduced or certified copies, and the authenticity of the originals of those latter documents. As to questions of fact material to this opinion, we have, to the extent deemed appropriate, relied upon certain representations of certain officers and employees of the Company.

  

In expressing our opinions below, we have assumed, with your consent, that:

 

(a) the Registration Statement (including any and all required post-effective amendments thereto) will have become effective under the Act and will comply with all applicable laws;

 

(b) the Registration Statement (including any and all required post-effective amendments thereto) will be effective under the Act and will comply with all applicable laws at the time the Securities are offered or sold as contemplated by the Registration Statement (including any and all required post-effective amendments thereto), the base prospectus included therein (the “Prospectus”) and the applicable prospectus supplement(s);

 

(c) no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement (including any and all required post-effective amendments thereto) will have been issued and remain in effect;

 

 

(d) a prospectus supplement describing the Securities offered thereby and the offering thereof and complying with all applicable laws will have been prepared and filed with the Commission;

 

(e) the Securities will be offered and sold in the form and with the terms set forth in the Registration Statement (including any and all required post-effective amendments thereto), the Prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement(s) and the organizational documents of the Company, as applicable;

 

(f) the Securities will be offered and sold in compliance with all applicable federal and state securities laws and in the manner stated in the Registration Statement (including any and all required post-effective amendments thereto), the Prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement(s);

 

(g) the Company will have obtained any and all legally required consents, approvals, authorizations and other orders of the Commission and any and all other regulatory authorities and other third parties necessary to offer and sell the Securities being offered;

 

(h) a definitive purchase, underwriting, sales or similar agreement (each, a “Purchase Agreement”) with respect to any Securities offered and sold will have been duly authorized and validly executed and delivered by the Company and the other parties thereto; and

 

(i) any Securities or other securities issuable upon conversion, exchange or exercise of any Security being offered and sold will be duly authorized, created and, if appropriate, reserved for issuance upon such conversion, exchange or exercise.

 

Our opinions expressed in paragraphs 3, 4 and 5 below are subject to the qualifications that we express no opinion as to the applicability of, compliance with or effect of: (i) any bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, preference, fraudulent conveyance, fraudulent transfer, moratorium or other similar laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors generally; (ii) general principles of equity, whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law (including the possible unavailability of specific performance or injunctive relief), concepts of materiality, reasonableness, good faith and fair dealing, and the discretion of the court before which a proceeding is brought; or (iii) public policy considerations that may limit the rights of parties to obtain certain remedies. 

 

We express no opinion as to (i) any provision providing for the indemnification of or contribution to a party with respect to a liability where such indemnification or contribution is contrary to public policy, (ii) consents to, or restrictions upon, governing law, jurisdiction, venue, arbitration, remedies or judicial relief, (iii) the securities or “Blue Sky” laws of any state to the offer or sale of the Securities and (iv) the antifraud provisions of the securities or other laws of any jurisdiction.

 

Subject to the foregoing and the other matters set forth herein, it is our opinion that, as of the date hereof:

 

1. The Company has the authority pursuant to its certificate of incorporation, as amended and restated (the “Charter”), to issue up to an aggregate of 200,000,000 shares of Common Stock. Upon adoption by the board of directors of the Company (the “Board”) of a resolution in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing the issuance of shares of Common Stock (with such shares, together with all shares of Common Stock previously issued or reserved for issuance and not duly and lawfully retired, not exceeding an aggregate of 200,000,000 shares), and upon issuance and delivery of and payment of legal consideration in excess of the par value thereof in accordance with the applicable Purchase Agreement and all applicable law, such shares of Common Stock will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

 

 

2. The Company has the authority pursuant to the Charter to issue up to an aggregate of 5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock. When a series of Preferred Stock has been duly established in accordance with the terms of the Charter and applicable law, and upon adoption by the Board of a resolution in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing the issuance of shares of Preferred Stock (with such shares, together with all shares of Preferred Stock previously issued, designated or reserved for issuance and not duly and lawfully retired, not exceeding an aggregate of 5,000,000 shares) and upon issuance and delivery of and payment of legal consideration in excess of the par value thereof in accordance with the applicable Purchase Agreement and all applicable law (and assuming the satisfaction of the conditions described in the applicable numbered paragraphs of this opinion letter with respect to our opinion regarding any Securities into or for which such shares of Preferred Stock may be convertible, exchangeable or redeemable), such shares of Preferred Stock will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

 

3. When (a) a warrant agreement, if any, has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company (including, without limitation, the adoption by the Board of a resolution in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing the execution and delivery of such warrant agreement) and duly executed and delivered by the Company, (b) the specific terms of a particular issuance of Warrants have been duly established in accordance with such warrant agreement, if any, and all applicable law and authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company (including, without limitation, the adoption by the Board of a resolution in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing the issuance and delivery of the Warrants), and (c) the Warrants have been duly executed, issued and delivered against payment therefor in accordance with such warrant agreement, if any, the applicable Purchase Agreement and all applicable law (and assuming the satisfaction of the conditions described in the applicable numbered paragraphs of this opinion letter with respect to our opinion regarding any Securities issuable upon exercise of the Warrants), such Warrants will be legally valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms.

 

4. When (a) a unit agreement has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company (including, without limitation, the adoption by the Board of a resolution duly authorizing the execution and delivery of such unit agreement) and duly executed and delivered by the Company, (b) the specific terms of a particular issuance of the related Units have been duly established in accordance with such unit agreement and all applicable law and authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company (including, without limitation, the adoption by the Board of a resolution in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing the issuance and delivery of the Units), and (c) such Units have been duly executed, issued and delivered against payment therefor in accordance with such unit agreement, the applicable Purchase Agreement and all applicable law (and assuming the satisfaction of the conditions described in the applicable numbered paragraphs of this opinion letter with respect to our opinion regarding the Securities underlying the Units), such Units will be legally valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms.

  

5. When (a) a rights agreement, if any, has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company (including, without limitation, the adoption by the Board of a resolution in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing the execution and delivery of such rights agreement) and duly executed and delivered by the Company, (b) the specific terms of a particular issuance of Rights have been duly established in accordance with such rights agreement, if any, and all applicable law and authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company (including, without limitation, the adoption by the Board of a resolution in form and content as required by applicable law duly authorizing the issuance and delivery of the Rights), and (c) the Rights have been duly executed, issued and delivered against payment therefor in accordance with such rights agreement, if any, the applicable Purchase Agreement and all applicable law (and assuming the satisfaction of the conditions described in the applicable numbered paragraphs of this opinion letter with respect to our opinion regarding any Securities issuable upon exercise of the Rights), such Rights will be legally valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms.

 

This opinion is opining upon and is limited to the current federal laws of the United States and the Delaware General Corporation Law as such laws presently exist and to the facts as they presently exist. We express no opinion with respect to the effect or applicability of the laws of any other jurisdiction. We assume no obligation to revise or supplement this opinion letter should the laws of such jurisdiction be changed after the date hereof by legislative action, judicial decision, or otherwise.

 

We hereby consent to the use of this opinion letter as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, to the use of our name as the Company’s counsel and to all references made to us in the Registration Statement and in the prospectus forming a part thereof. In giving this consent, we do not admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act, or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. This opinion is given as of the effective date of the Registration Statement, and we are under no duty to update the opinions contained herein.

 

	Very truly yours,
	/s/ MITCHELL SILBERBERG & KNUPP LLP

 

 

3

 

Exhibit 23.1

 

 

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

 

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement on Form S-3 of our report dated March 12, 2024, with respect to our audits of the consolidated financial statements of reAlpha Tech Corp. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2023, April 30, 2023 and 2022 and for the eight-month period ended December 31, 2023 and the years ended April 30, 2023 and 2022, which report appears by reference in the Prospectus, which is part of this Registration Statement.

 

We further consent to the reference to us under the caption “Experts” in such Prospectus.

 

 

 

 

/s/ GBQ Partners LLC

Columbus, Ohio

November 15, 2024

 

 

Exhibit 107

 

Calculation of Filing Fee Tables

 

Form S-3

(Form Type)

 

reAlpha Tech Corp.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

 

Table 1: Newly Registered and Carry Forward Securities

 

		Security Type		Security Class Title		Fee Calculation or Carry Forward Rule		Amount Registered (1)				Proposed Maximum Offering Price per Unit (2)				Maximum Aggregate Offering Price				Fee Rate				Amount of Registration Fee
Fees to Be Paid		Equity		Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share (3)		457(o)			-				-				-
Fees to Be Paid		Equity		Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value per share (4)		457(o)			-				-				-
Fees to Be Paid		Other		Warrants (5)		457(o)			-				-				-
Fees to Be Paid		Other		Subscription Rights		457(o)			-				-				-
Fees to Be Paid		Other		Units (6)		457(o)			-				-				-
Fees to Be Paid		Unallocated (Universal) Shelf		Unallocated (Universal) Shelf		457(o)			-				-			$	75,000,000				0.0001531			$	11,482,50
Fees Previously Paid		-		-		-			-				-				-				-				-
		Total Offering Amounts														$	75,000,000							$	11,482.50
		Total Fees Previously Paid																						$	-
		Total Fee Offsets																							-
		Net Fee Due																						$	11,482.50

 

(1)

The amount to be registered consists of up to $75,000,000 of an indeterminate amount of common stock, preferred stock, warrants, subscription rights and/or units. This registration statement also covers shares of common stock or other securities of the Registrant that may be issued upon exercise of warrants and subscription rights or conversion of preferred stock. Any securities registered hereunder may be sold separately or together with other securities registered hereunder. Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), this registration statement also covers any additional securities that may be offered or issued in connection with any stock split, stock dividend or similar transactions. Separate consideration may or may not be received for securities that are issuable upon conversion, exercise or exchange of other securities.

 

(2)

The proposed maximum offering price per security will be determined from time to time by the Registrant in connection with the issuance by the Registrant of the securities registered hereunder and is not specified as to each class of security pursuant to Instruction 2.A.iii.b of the Instructions to the Calculation of Filing Fee Tables and Related Disclosure of Form S-3.

 

(3)	Includes such indeterminate amount of common stock as may be issued from time to time at indeterminate prices or upon conversion of preferred stock registered hereby, or upon exercise of warrants and/or subscription rights registered hereby, as the case may be.

 

(4)	Includes such indeterminate amount of preferred stock as may be issued from time to time at indeterminate prices or upon conversion of preferred stock registered hereby, or upon exercise of warrants and/or subscription rights registered hereby, as the case may be.

 

(5)	Warrants may be sold separately or together with any of the securities registered hereby and may be exercisable for shares of common stock or preferred stock registered hereby.

 

(6)	Each unit will be issued under a unit agreement and will represent an interest in two or more securities registered pursuant to this registration statement, which may or may not be separable from one another.

 

 

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