to $43.0 million at June 30, 2022 from $25.6 million at December 31, 2021, primarily due to the purchase of $19.9 million of treasury securities, partially offset by a combination of a decrease in the fair market value of debt securities available-for-sale due to the increase in market interest rates during the first half of 2022 and principal repayments on mortgage-backed securities.
Net loans receivable increased $42.5 million, or 17.0%, to $291.7 million at June 30, 2022 from $249.2 million at December 31, 2021 primarily due to increases in commercial and construction real estate portfolios. Commercial real estate loans increased $31.3 million, or 26.5%, to $149.6 million at June 30, 2022 from $118.3 million at December 31, 2021. The increase in commercial real estate loans was primarily due to the continued implementation of our strategy to expand our commercial loan portfolio to diversify our balance sheet. Construction real estate loans increased $8.5 million, or 62.2%, to $22.3 million at June 30, 2022 from $13.8 million at December 31, 2021 primarily due to new construction real estate loans and to a lesser extent draws on existing commitments. One-to four-family residential real estate loans increased $3.6 million, or 3.4%, to $109.6 million at June 30, 2022 from $106.0 million at December 31, 2021. All PPP loans were fully forgiven as of January 31, 2022, previously classified as commercial and industrial loans.
Debt securities available-for-sale increased $17.4 million, or 67.8%, to $43.0 million at June 30, 2022 from $25.6 million at December 31, 2021 due to the purchase of $19.9 million of treasury securities, partially offset by a $1.6 million year to date decrease in the fair market value of debt securities available for sale due to the increase in market interest rates and $892,000 of principal repayments on mortgage-backed securities during the first half of 2022.
Cash and cash equivalents increased by $18.5 million, or 69.1%, to $45.4 million at June 30, 2022 from $26.9 million at December 31, 2021 due to securing liquidity in the rising interest rate environment to fund future loan originations.
Deposits and borrowings. Total deposits increased $57.9 million, or 23.0%, to $309.0 million at June 30, 2022 from $251.1 million at December 31, 2021. The increase in our deposits reflected a $24.1 million increase in money market accounts, a $16.2 million increase in certificates of deposit, a $12.0 million increase in interest-bearing demand accounts, a $4.5 million increase in non-interest-bearing demand deposits and a $1.1 million increase in savings accounts. Money market, demand deposits and savings accounts increased primarily due to management’s continuing focus on increasing the commercial deposit accounts of its customers. The increase in certificates of deposit was due to offering a deposit special and increasing listing service deposits.
Total borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh increased $23.5 million, or 141.1%, to $40.2 million at June 30, 2022 from $16.7 million at December 31, 2021 due to additional advances to fund future loan originations.
Stockholders’ Equity. Stockholders’ equity decreased $673,000, or 1.5%, to $45.2 million at June 30, 2022 from $45.8 million at December 31, 2021. The decrease was due to an increase of $1.3 million in accumulated other comprehensive loss as a result of a decrease in the fair market value of our debt securities available-for-sale year to date 2022, partially offset by year to date net income of $592,000.
Comparison of Operating Results for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 and June 30, 2021
General. Net income increased $68,000 or 24.4%, to $347,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2022 from $279,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The $68,000 period over period increase in earnings was attributable to a $676,000 increase in interest and dividend income, partially offset by a $298,000 increase in noninterest expenses, a $134,000 increase in the provision for loan losses, a $107,000 increase in interest expense, a $51,000 decrease in noninterest income and a $18,000 increase in income tax expense.
Interest and dividend income. Total interest and dividend income increased $676,000, or 27.3%, to $3.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 from $2.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021. The increase in interest and dividend income was the result of a $84.1 million increase period over period in the average balance of interest-earning assets, driven by a $68.7 million increase in average loan balances and by a $9.6 million increase in average cash and cash equivalents.
Interest income on loans, including fees, increased $565,000, or 23.7%, to $3.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 as compared to $2.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021, reflecting an increase in the average balance of