See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2023 AND 2022
(Currency expressed in United States Dollars (“US$”), except for number of shares)
1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND ORGANIZATION
New Momentum Corporation (the “Company”) was incorporated under the law of the State of Nevada on July 1, 1999. The Company, through its subsidiaries, mainly operates a smartphone application to provide the online platform with “Book Now, Pay Later” flight booking service for travelers among over 500 airlines worldwide to search and secure their tickets. With a simple, user-friendly interface, the Company enables customers to arrange and book the multiple-stop itineraries, and to check their bookings through official airline websites using the Gagfare booking reference number on http://presscentre.asia/gagfare.html. The Company will also become the driving force behind a bold new hospitality concept that takes nature lovers and intrepid travelers to exciting new and established destinations. The curated collection of boutique properties, each with a focus on diving, sustainability, conservation, and cultural authenticity, offers a thoroughly contemporary travel experience that is intrinsically linked to the destination, its heritage and its culture.
Description of subsidiaries
Name | | Place of incorporation and kind of legal entity | | Principal activities | | Particulars of registered/ paid up share capital | | Effective interest held |
| | | | | | | | |
NEMO Holding Company Limited | | British Virgin Islands | | Investment holding | | 10,000 ordinary shares at par value of US$1 | | 100% |
| | | | | | | | |
Gagfare Limited | | Hong Kong | | Travel agency | | 500,000 ordinary shares for HK$500,000 | | 100% |
| | | | | | | | |
Beyond Blue Limited | | Hong Kong | | Event organizer | | 1 ordinary share for HK$1 | | 100% |
| | | | | | | | |
New Momentum Asia Pte. Ltd. | | Singapore | | Investment holding | | 1 ordinary share of SGD 1 | | 100% |
| | | | | | | | |
JPOPCOIN Limited | | Hong Kong | | Administrative service | | 5 ordinary shares for HK$5 | | 100% |
The Company and its subsidiaries are hereinafter referred to as (the “Company”).
The future direction of the Company is to venture into Tourism Investment Projects with a focus on diving, sustainability, conservation, and authenticity, through a curated collection of boutique properties offering a thoroughly contemporary travel experience, but one that is intrinsically linked to the destination, its heritage, its culture and its biodiversity.
2. GOING CONCERN UNCERTAINTIES
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared using the going concern basis of accounting, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business.
The Company has reported continuous accumulated losses of $5,120,214 and net current liabilities of $558,339 at March 31, 2023. The continuation of the Company as a going concern through the next twelve months is dependent upon the continued financial support from its shareholders. The Company is currently pursuing additional financing for its operations and future expansion. However, there is no assurance that the Company will be successful in securing sufficient funds to sustain the operations.
These raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets and liabilities that may result in the Company not being able to continue as a going concern.
3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the application of certain significant accounting policies as described in this note and elsewhere in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and notes.
These accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in U.S. Dollars in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary to make the financial statements not misleading have been included. Operating results for the period ended March 31, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023. The information included in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis, and the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Form 10-K, as filed with the SEC on April 18, 2023.
· | Use of estimates and assumptions |
In preparing these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the balance sheet and revenues and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries. All significant inter-company balances and transactions within the Company have been eliminated upon consolidation.
· | Cash and cash equivalents |
Cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost and represent cash on hand, demand deposits placed with banks or other financial institutions and all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less as of the purchase date of such investments.
Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest, which are due within contractual payment terms, generally 30 to 90 days from completion of service. Credit is extended based on evaluation of a customer’s financial condition, the customer credit-worthiness and their payment history. Accounts receivable outstanding longer than the contractual payment terms are considered past due. Past due balances over 90 days and over a specified amount are reviewed individually for collectability. At the end of fiscal year, the Company specifically evaluates individual customer’s financial condition, credit history, and the current economic conditions to monitor the progress of the collection of accounts receivables. The Company will consider the allowance for doubtful accounts for any estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. For the receivables that are past due or not being paid according to payment terms, the appropriate actions are taken to exhaust all means of collection, including seeking legal resolution in a court of law. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. The Company does not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure related to its customers. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there was no allowance for doubtful accounts.
The Company recognizes revenue from its contracts with customers in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). The Company recognizes revenues when satisfying the performance obligation of the associated contract that reflects the consideration expected to be received based on the terms of the contract.
Under ASC 606, a performance obligation is a promise within a contract to transfer a distinct good or service, or a series of distinct goods and services, to a customer. Revenue is recognized when performance obligations are satisfied and the customer obtains control of promised goods or services. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for goods or services. Under the standard, a contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that the Company determines are within the scope of ASC 606, the Company performs the following five steps:
| • | identify the contract with a customer; |
| • | identify the performance obligations in the contract; |
| • | determine the transaction price; |
| • | allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract; and |
| • | recognize revenue as the performance obligation is satisfied. |
The Company records its revenue from booking income upon the ticket booking service is rendered to travelers. The Company also records its revenue from the sale of air tickets upon the confirmation and issuance of tickets to the travelers.
The Company follows the guidance provided in ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, for determining whether the Company is the principal or an agent in arrangements with customers that involve another party that contributes to the provision of goods to a customer. In these instances, the Company determines whether it has promised to provide the goods itself (as principal) or to arrange for the specified goods to be provided by another party (as an agent). This determination is a matter of judgment that depends on the facts and circumstances of each arrangement. The Company recognizes revenue from the sale of its air tickets on a gross basis as the Company is responsible for the fulfillment, controls the delivery of the promised goods, and has full discretion in establishing prices and therefore is the principal in the arrangement.
The Company adopted the ASC 740 Income tax provisions of paragraph 740-10-25-13, which addresses the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Under paragraph 740-10-25-13, the Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent (50%) likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. Paragraph 740-10-25-13 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties on income taxes, accounting in interim periods and requires increased disclosures. The Company had no material adjustments to its liabilities for unrecognized income tax benefits according to the provisions of paragraph 740-10-25-13.
The estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities are reported in the accompanying balance sheets, as well as tax credit carry-backs and carry-forwards. The Company periodically reviews the recoverability of deferred tax assets recorded on its balance sheets and provides valuation allowances as management deems necessary.
The Company did not take any uncertain tax positions and had no adjustments to its income tax liabilities or benefits pursuant to the ASC 740 provisions of Section 740-10-25 for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.
· | Foreign currencies translation |
Transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency using the applicable exchange rates at the balance sheet dates. The resulting exchange differences are recorded in the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations.
The reporting currency of the Company is United States Dollar (“US$”) and the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been expressed in US$. In addition, the Company is operating in Hong Kong and Singapore and maintain its books and record in its local currency, Hong Kong Dollars (“HKD”) and Singapore Dollars (“SGD”), which are a functional currency as being the primary currency of the economic environment in which their operations are conducted. In general, for consolidation purposes, assets and liabilities of its subsidiary whose functional currency is not US$ are translated into US$, in accordance with ASC Topic 830-30, “ Translation of Financial Statement”, using the exchange rate on the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at average rates prevailing during the period. The gains and losses resulting from translation of financial statements of foreign subsidiaries are recorded as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income within the statements of changes in shareholders’ equity.
Translation of amounts from HKD and SGD into US$ have been made at the following exchange rates for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022:
| | March 31, 2023 | | | March 31, 2022 | |
Period-end HKD:US$ exchange rate | | | 0.1274 | | | | 0.1277 | |
Average HKD:US$ exchange rate | | | 0.1276 | | | | 0.1281 | |
Period-end SGD:US$ exchange rate | | | 0.7519 | | | | 0.7386 | |
Average SGD:US$ exchange rate | | | 0.7503 | | | | 0.7396 | |
ASC Topic 220, “Comprehensive Income”, establishes standards for reporting and display of comprehensive income, its components and accumulated balances. Comprehensive income as defined includes all changes in equity during a period from non-owner sources. Accumulated other comprehensive income, as presented in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity, consists of changes in unrealized gains and losses on foreign currency translation. This comprehensive income is not included in the computation of income tax expense or benefit.
The Company adopted Topic 842, Leases (“ASC 842”). “”At the inception of an arrangement, the Company determines whether the arrangement is or contains a lease based on the unique facts and circumstances present. Leases with a term greater than one year are recognized on the balance sheet as right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, lease liabilities and long-term lease liabilities. The Company has elected not to recognize on the balance sheet leases with terms of one year or less. Operating lease liabilities and their corresponding right-of-use assets are recorded based on the present value of lease payments over the expected remaining lease term. However, certain adjustments to the right-of-use asset may be required for items such as prepaid or accrued lease payments. The interest rate implicit in lease contracts is typically not readily determinable. As a result, the Company utilizes its incremental borrowing rates, which are the rates incurred to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment.
In accordance with the guidance in ASC 842, components of a lease should be split into three categories: lease components (e.g. land, building, etc.), non-lease components (e.g. common area maintenance, consumables, etc.), and non-components (e.g. property taxes, insurance, etc.). Subsequently, the fixed and in-substance fixed contract consideration (including any related to non-components) must be allocated based on the respective relative fair values to the lease components and non-lease components.
Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease terms. Lease expense includes amortization of the ROU assets and accretion of the lease liabilities. Amortization of ROU assets is calculated as the periodic lease cost less accretion of the lease liability. The amortized period for ROU assets is limited to the expected lease term.
The Company has elected a practical expedient to combine the lease and non-lease components into a single lease component. The Company also elected the short-term lease measurement and recognition exemption and does not establish ROU assets or lease liabilities for operating leases with terms of 12 months or less.
Contributions to retirement plans (which are defined contribution plans) are charged to general and administrative expenses in the accompanying statements of operation as the related employee service is provided.
The Company follows the ASC 850-10, Related Party for the identification of related parties and disclosure of related party transactions.
Pursuant to section 850-10-20 the related parties include a) affiliates of the Company; b) entities for which investments in their equity securities would be required, absent the election of the fair value option under the Fair Value Option Subsection of section 825–10–15, to be accounted for by the equity method by the investing entity; c) trusts for the benefit of employees, such as pension and Income-sharing trusts that are managed by or under the trusteeship of management; d) principal owners of the Company; e) management of the Company; f) other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests; and g) other parties that can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the transacting parties or that have an ownership interest in one of the transacting parties and can significantly influence the other to an extent that one or more of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests.
The condensed consolidated financial statements shall include disclosures of material related party transactions, other than compensation arrangements, expense allowances, and other similar items in the ordinary course of business. However, disclosure of transactions that are eliminated in the preparation of condensed consolidated or combined financial statements is not required in those statements. The disclosures shall include: a) the nature of the relationship(s) involved; b) a description of the transactions, including transactions to which no amounts or nominal amounts were ascribed, for each of the periods for which income statements are presented, and such other information deemed necessary to an understanding of the effects of the transactions on the financial statements; c) the dollar amounts of transactions for each of the periods for which income statements are presented and the effects of any change in the method of establishing the terms from that used in the preceding period; and d) amount due from or to related parties as of the date of each balance sheet presented and, if not otherwise apparent, the terms and manner of settlement.
· | Commitments and contingencies |
The Company follows the ASC 450-20, Commitments to report accounting for contingencies. Certain conditions may exist as of the date the financial statements are issued, which may result in a loss to the Company but which will only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. The Company assesses such contingent liabilities, and such assessment inherently involves an exercise of judgment. In assessing loss contingencies related to legal proceedings that are pending against the Company or un-asserted claims that may result in such proceedings, the Company evaluates the perceived merits of any legal proceedings or un-asserted claims as well as the perceived merits of the amount of relief sought or expected to be sought therein.
If the assessment of a contingency indicates that it is probable that a material loss has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be estimated, then the estimated liability would be accrued in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. If the assessment indicates that a potentially material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, and an estimate of the range of possible losses, if determinable and material, would be disclosed.
Loss contingencies considered remote are generally not disclosed unless they involve guarantees, in which case the guarantees would be disclosed. Management does not believe, based upon information available at this time that these matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, there is no assurance that such matters will not materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, financial position, and results of operations or cash flows.
· | Fair value of financial instruments |
The Company follows paragraph 825-10-50-10 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification for disclosures about fair value of its financial instruments and has adopted paragraph 820-10-35-37 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“Paragraph 820-10-35-37”) to measure the fair value of its financial instruments. Paragraph 820-10-35-37 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. To increase consistency and comparability in fair value measurements and related disclosures, paragraph 820-10-35-37 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification establishes a fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three (3) broad levels. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. The three (3) levels of fair value hierarchy defined by paragraph 820-10-35-37 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification are described below:
Level 1 | Quoted market prices available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. |
| |
Level 2 | Pricing inputs other than quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date. |
| |
Level 3 | Pricing inputs that are generally observable inputs and not corroborated by market data. |
Financial assets are considered Level 3 when their fair values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar techniques and at least one significant model assumption or input is unobservable.
The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. If the inputs used to measure the financial assets and liabilities fall within more than one level described above, the categorization is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement of the instrument.
The carrying amounts of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities, such as cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, deposits, prepayments and other receivables, amount due from a director and operating lease right-of-use assets, approximate their fair values because of the short maturity of these instruments.
· | Recent accounting pronouncements |
From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”) or other standard setting bodies and adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the Company believes that the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations upon adoption.
The Company does not believe other recently issued but not yet effective accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
4. AMOUNTS DUE TO RELATED PARTIES
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company owed to its directors and shareholders in the amount of $347,936 and $285,482, respectively. The amounts are unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
5. CONVERTIBLE PROMISSORY NOTE
On May 18, 2022, the Company and 1800 Diagonal Lending LLC, (“1800”) entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement, whereby the Company issued a promissory note to 1800 (the “1800 Note”) in the original principal amount of $68,750. The 1800 Note contains an original issue discount of $3,750 which will be reflected as a debt discount and amortized over the twelve months Note term. The 1800 Note is convertible into shares of common stock of the Company at a price equal to 35% of the lowest trading price of the Company’s common stock for the twenty (20) consecutive trading days immediately preceding to the conversion date. The 1800 Note bears interest at 8% per annum and is due on May 18, 2023.
On August 4, 2022, the Company and 1800 Diagonal Lending LLC, (“1800”) entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement, whereby the Company issued a promissory note to 1800 (the “1800 Note”) in the original principal amount of $54,250. The 1800 Note contains an original issue discount of $4,250 which will be reflected as a debt discount and amortized over the twelve months Note term. The 1800 Note is convertible into shares of common stock of the Company at a price equal to 35% of the lowest trading price of the Company’s common stock for the twenty (20) consecutive trading days immediately preceding to the conversion date. The 1800 Note bears interest at 8% per annum and is due on August 4, 2023.
On September 2, 2022, the Company and 1800 Diagonal Lending LLC, (“1800”) entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement, whereby the Company issued a promissory note to 1800 (the “1800 Note”) in the original principal amount of $54,250. The 1800 Note contains an original issue discount of $4,250 which will be reflected as a debt discount and amortized over the twelve months Note term. The 1800 Note is convertible into shares of common stock of the Company at a price equal to 35% of the lowest trading price of the Company’s common stock for the twenty (20) consecutive trading days immediately preceding to the conversion date. The 1800 Note bears interest at 8% per annum and is due on September 2, 2023.
On September 20, 2022, the Company and 1800 Diagonal Lending LLC, (“1800”) entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement, whereby the Company issued a promissory note to 1800 (the “1800 Note”) in the original principal amount of $54,250. The 1800 Note contains an original issue discount of $4,250 which will be reflected as a debt discount and amortized over the twelve months Note term. The 1800 Note is convertible into shares of common stock of the Company at a price equal to 35% of the lowest trading price of the Company’s common stock for the twenty (20) consecutive trading days immediately preceding to the conversion date. The 1800 Note bears interest at 8% per annum and is due on September 20, 2023.
The terms of the 1800 Notes whereby conversion is only permissible after 180 days from the issue date and number of the shares held by the holder and its affiliates when converted, shall not to exceed 4.99% of issued and outstanding common stock of the Company. On December 1, 2022, principal of $12,000 was converted to 1,518,987 shares of common stock with conversion price of $0.0079. On January 6, 2023, principal of $20,000 was converted to 3,571,429 shares of common stock with conversion price of $0.0056. On March 15, 2023, principal of $10,000 was converted to 4,761,905 shares of common stock with conversion price of $0.0021. On March 21, 2023, principal of $10,000 was converted to 4,761,905 shares of common stock with conversion price of $0.0021. As of March 31, 2023, principal of $179,500 was not yet converted.
For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the amortization of discount was $4,022 and $0, respectively.
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, accrued interest amounted to $11,170 and $7,314, respectively.
6. SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
Preferred Stock
Authorized shares
The Company was authorized to issue 175,000,000 shares of Class A preferred stock at par value of $0.001. Any class of preferred stock may have preferential voting rights, liquidation rights or other rights with respect to the class of common stock. These preferential rights may have anti-takeover effects and may also result in the dilution of the common shareholders, equity interest and earnings per share.
Issued and outstanding shares
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, 1 and 1 share of Class A preferred stock was issued and outstanding.
Common Stock
Authorized shares
The Company was authorized to issue 500,000,000 shares of common stock at par value of $0.001.
Issued and outstanding shares
On January 6, 2023, the Company issued 3,571,429 shares of its common stock to pay off the principal of $20,000 at the conversion price of $0.0056 per share.
On March 15, 2023, the Company issued 4,761,905 shares of its common stock to pay off the principal of $10,000 at the conversion price of $0.0021 per share.
On March 21, 2023, the Company issued 4,761,905 shares of its common stock to pay off the principal of $10,000 at the conversion price of $0.0021 per share.
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, 190,782,774 and 177,687,535 shares of common stock were issued and outstanding respectively.
Stock Option Plan
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, 350,000 shares are reserved to be issued under the Plan respectively.
7. INCOME TAX
The Company mainly operates in Hong Kong and is subject to taxes in the governing jurisdictions in which it operates. The effective tax rate in the period presented is the result of the mix of income earned in various tax jurisdictions that apply a broad range of income tax rate, as follows:
United States of America
NNAX is registered in the State of Nevada and is subject to US federal corporate income tax. The U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Reform Act”) was signed into law. The Tax Reform Act significantly revised the U.S. corporate income tax regime by, among other things, lowering the U.S. corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The Company’s policy is to recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in its income tax provision. The Company has not accrued or paid interest or penalties which were not material to its results of operations for the periods presented.
As of March 31, 2023, the operations in the United States of America incurred $4,779,570 of cumulative net operating losses which can be carried forward to offset future taxable income. The Tax Reform Act also changed the rules on net operating loss carry forwards. The 20-year limitation was eliminated, giving the taxpayer the ability to carry forward losses indefinitely. The Company has provided for a full valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets of $1,003,710 on the expected future tax benefits from the net operating loss carryforwards as the management believes it is more likely than not that these assets will not be realized in the future.
BVI
NHCL is considered to be an exempted British Virgin Islands Company and is presently not subject to income taxes or income tax filing requirements in the British Virgin Islands or the United States.
Singapore
NMAPL is registered in Republic of Singapore and is subject to the Singapore corporate income tax at a standard income tax rate of 17% on the assessable income arising in Singapore during its tax year. No assessable income was generated in Singapore during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and there was no provision for income tax.
As of March 31, 2023, the operation in Singapore incurred $3,375 of cumulative net operating losses which can be carried forward to offset future taxable income with no expiry. The Company has provided for a full valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets of $574 on the expected future tax benefits from the net operating loss carryforwards as the management believes it is more likely than not that these assets will not be realized in the future.
Hong Kong
GL, BBL and JL are operating in Hong Kong and are subject to the Hong Kong Profits Tax at the two-tiered profits tax rates from 8.25% to 16.5% on the estimated assessable profits arising in Hong Kong during the current year, after deducting a tax concession for the tax year. The reconciliation of income tax rate to the effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 are as follows:
| | Three months ended March 31, | |
| | 2023 | | | 2022 | |
| | | | | | |
Loss before income taxes | | $ | (69,551 | ) | | $ | (4,380 | ) |
Statutory income tax rate | | | 16.5 | % | | | 16.5 | % |
Income tax expense at statutory rate | | | (11,475 | ) | | | (723 | ) |
Tax effect of non-deductible items | | | 8,169 | | | | - | |
Net operating loss | | | 3,306 | | | | 723 | |
Income tax expense | | $ | - | | | $ | - | |
As of March 31, 2023, the operation in Hong Kong incurred $292,131 of cumulative net operating losses which can be carried forward to offset future taxable income with no expiry. The Company has provided for a full valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets of $48,202 on the expected future tax benefits from the net operating loss carryforwards of $292,131 as the management believes it is more likely than not that these assets will not be realized in the future.
The following table sets forth the significant components of the deferred tax assets of the Company as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
| | As of | |
| | March 31, 2023 | | | December 31, 2022 | |
Deferred tax assets: | | | | | | |
Net operating loss carryforwards | | | | | | |
- United States | | $ | 1,003,710 | | | $ | 999,696 | |
- Hong Kong | | | 48,202 | | | | 44,896 | |
- Singapore | | | 574 | | | | 559 | |
| | | 1,052,486 | | | | 1,045,150 | |
Less: valuation allowance | | | (1,052,486 | ) | | | (1,045,150 | ) |
Deferred tax assets, net | | $ | - | | | $ | - | |
8. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
From time to time, the directors of the Company advanced funds to the Company for working capital purpose. Those advances are unsecured, non-interest bearing and had no fixed terms of repayment.
During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company has been provided free office space by its shareholder. The management determined that such cost is nominal and did not recognize the rent expense in its unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
Since February 1, 2016, the Company was granted with the right of use to the website and mobile application platforms by JJ Explorer Tours Limited (“JJ Explorer”), which was also controlled by the director, Leung Tin Lung David of the Company. Also, the Company formed a cooperation partnership with JJ Explorer whereby JJ Explorer invested to develop and maintain the operations of the Gagfare web and mobile application platforms for a term of 5 years. JJ Explorer would share 50% of the net earnings generated by the Company from the use of its web and mobile application platforms during the cooperation period. On January 31, 2021, JJ Explorer agreed to extend the term for an additional 5 years up January 31, 2026. However, the agreement was mutually terminated on February 28, 2022 and concurrently, the Company, through NMAPL entered into a Cooperation Agreement with JJ Explorer, whereby NMAPL was granted the right of use to the website and mobile application platform owned by JJ Explorer, for a term of 5 years. The Company would share 50% of its net earnings through the platform with JJ Explorer.
The agreement, nevertheless was also terminated on October 31, 2022.
For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, as the Company had not generated any earnings from the use of the web and mobile application platforms, and accordingly, there are no service charges and payables due to JJ Explorer.
For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company paid the allowance of $2,680 and $1,923 to certain shareholders for their service.
For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company paid the allowance of $1,340 and $1,346 to the director for his service.
Apart from the transactions and balances detailed elsewhere in these accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, the Company has no other significant or material related party transactions during the years presented.
9. CONCENTRATIONS OF RISK
The Company is exposed to the following concentrations of risk:
(a) Major customers
For the three months ended March 31, 2023, there is one single customer who accounts for 79% of the Company’s revenue totaling $98,747 with $0 accounts receivable at March 31, 2023.
For the three months ended March 31, 2022, there was no single customer whose revenue exceeded 10% of the Company’s revenue.
(b) Major vendors
For the three months ended March 31, 2023, there is one single vendor who accounts for 79% of the Company’s cost of revenue totaling $98,748, with $0 accounts payable at March 31, 2023.
For the three months ended March 31, 2022, there was no single vendor whose direct cost exceeded 10% of the Company’s cost of revenue.
(c) Economic and political risk
The Company’s major operations are conducted in Hong Kong. Accordingly, the political, economic, and legal environments in Hong Kong, as well as the general state of Hong Kong’s economy may influence the Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations.
The present global economic climate with rising global tensions, rising costs and fuel shortage which potentially could escalate and result in global inflation may also impact the Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations.
(d) Exchange rate risk
The Company cannot guarantee that the current exchange rate will remain steady; therefore there is a possibility that the Company could post the same amount of profit for two comparable periods and because of the fluctuating exchange rate actually post higher or lower profit depending on exchange rate of HKD and SGD converted to US$ on that date. The exchange rate could fluctuate depending on changes in political and economic environments without notice.
10. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
As of March 31, 2023, the Company has no material commitments or contingencies.
As of March 31, 2023, the operating lease payment of $26,301 and $20,605 will become matured in the next 12 months and within one to two years.
11. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
In accordance with ASC Topic 855, “Subsequent Events”, which establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before condensed consolidated financial statements are issued, the Company has evaluated all events or transactions that occurred after March 31, 2023, up through the date the Company issued the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company determined that there are no further events to disclose.