Form 10-Q - Quarterly report [Sections 13 or 15(d)]

DWSN Dawson Geophysical Company

DWSN Dawson Geophysical Company

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2024

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition Period From to

Commission File No. 001-32472

DAWSON GEOPHYSICAL COMPANY

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Texas		74-2095844
(State or other jurisdiction of		(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)		Identification No.)

508 West Wall, Suite 800, Midland, Texas 79701

(Address of Principal Executive Office) (Zip Code)

Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: 432-684-3000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of Each Class	Name of Exchange on Which Registered	Trading Symbol
Common Stock, $0.01 par value	The NASDAQ Stock Market	DWSN

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ⌧ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ⌧ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Accelerated filer ☐	Large accelerated filer ◻	Smaller reporting company ☒

Non-accelerated filer ⌧	Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.


Title of Each Class		Outstanding at November 11, 2024
Common Stock, $0.01 par value		30,983,437 shares

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DAWSON GEOPHYSICAL COMPANY

INDEX

		Page Number
Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION		3
Item 1. Financial Statements		3
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (unaudited)		3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income/Loss for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)		4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)		5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)		6
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)		7
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		16
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk		21
Item 4. Controls and Procedures		22
Part II. OTHER INFORMATION		23
Item 1. Legal Proceedings		23
Item 1A. Risk Factors		23
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds		23
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities		23
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures		23
Item 5. Other Information		23
Item 6. Exhibits		24
Signatures		25

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

DAWSON GEOPHYSICAL COMPANY

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(unaudited and amounts in thousands, except share data)


	September 30,		December 31,
	2024		2023
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	6,980	$	10,772
Restricted cash		—		5,000
Short-term investments		—		265
Accounts receivable, net		2,788		12,735
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		3,411		8,654
Total current assets		13,179		37,426

Property and equipment, net		14,284		16,508

Right-of-use assets		2,348		3,208

Intangibles, net		370		377

Total assets	$	30,181	$	57,519

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	3,424	$	3,883
Accrued liabilities:
Payroll costs and other taxes		1,954		3,415
Other		992		709
Deferred revenue		691		11,829
Current maturities of notes payable and finance leases		704		1,380
Current maturities of operating lease liabilities		1,005		1,202
Total current liabilities		8,770		22,418

Long-term liabilities:
Notes payable and finance leases, net of current maturities		1,531		1,289
Operating lease liabilities, net of current maturities		1,621		2,363
Deferred tax liabilities, net		15		15
Total long-term liabilities		3,167		3,667

Commitments and contingencies		—		—

Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock-par value $1.00 per share; 4,000,000 shares authorized, none outstanding		—		—
Common stock-par value $0.01 per share; 35,000,000 shares authorized,
30,906,777 and 30,812,329 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2024
and December 31, 2023, respectively		309		308
Additional paid-in capital		156,905		156,678
Accumulated deficit		(136,817)		(123,640)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net		(2,153)		(1,912)
Total stockholders’ equity		18,244		31,434

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	30,181	$	57,519

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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DAWSON GEOPHYSICAL COMPANY

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(unaudited and amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023

Operating revenues:
Fee Revenue	$	4,663	$	9,735	$	39,727	$	42,889
Reimbursable Revenue		9,758		13,226		18,790		29,699
		14,421		22,961		58,517		72,588
Operating costs:
Operating expenses
Fee operating expenses		6,537		10,918		32,532		38,133
Reimbursable operating expenses		9,758		13,226		18,790		29,699
		16,295		24,144		51,322		67,832
General and administrative		2,529		2,495		6,611		8,971
Severance expense		—		—		86		—
Depreciation and amortization		1,388		2,014		4,383		6,827
		20,212		28,653		62,402		83,630

Loss from operations		(5,791)		(5,692)		(3,885)		(11,042)

Other income (expense):
Interest income		72		192		290		436
Interest expense		(35)		(22)		(120)		(53)
Other income (expense), net		102		327		434		522

Loss before income tax		(5,652)		(5,195)		(3,281)		(10,137)

Income tax benefit (expense)		35		(3)		(36)		96

Net loss		(5,617)		(5,198)		(3,317)		(10,041)

Other comprehensive income (loss):
Net unrealized income (loss) on foreign exchange rate translation		29		(218)		(241)		25

Comprehensive loss	$	(5,588)	$	(5,416)	$	(3,558)	$	(10,016)

Basic loss per share of common stock	$	(0.18)	$	(0.20)	$	(0.11)	$	(0.40)

Diluted loss per share of common stock	$	(0.18)	$	(0.20)	$	(0.11)	$	(0.40)

Weighted average equivalent common shares outstanding		30,906,777		26,137,648		30,845,076		25,383,757

Weighted average equivalent common shares outstanding - assuming dilution		30,906,777		26,137,648		30,845,076		25,383,757

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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DAWSON GEOPHYSICAL COMPANY

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(unaudited and amounts in thousands)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(3,317)	$	(10,041)

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		4,383		6,827
Operating lease cost		851		827
Non-cash compensation		304		—
Deferred income tax benefit		—		(121)
Bad debt expense		—		68
Gain on disposal of assets		(264)		(72)
Remeasurement and other		1		(2)
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Decrease in accounts receivable		9,828		960
Decrease in employee retention credit receivable		—		3,035
Decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets		5,240		1,882
(Decrease) increase in accounts payable		(233)		2,052
Decrease in accrued liabilities		(1,166)		(1,431)
Decrease in operating lease liabilities		(930)		(888)
Decrease in deferred revenue		(11,138)		(634)

Net cash provided by operating activities		3,559		2,462

Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures, net of non-cash capital expenditures summarized below		(1,557)		(2,623)
Proceeds from disposal of assets		382		173
Proceeds from maturity of short-term investments		265		—
Acquisition of short-term investments		—		(1,000)

Net cash used in investing activities		(910)		(3,450)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Principal payments on notes payable		(911)		(521)
Principal payments on finance leases		(503)		(150)
Tax withholdings related to stock based compensation awards		(76)		—
Dividends paid		(9,860)		—
Breckenridge cash distributions prior to acquisition		—		(3,055)

Net cash used in financing activities		(11,350)		(3,726)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash		(91)		2

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash		(8,792)		(4,712)

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period		15,772		23,603

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	6,980	$	18,891

Supplemental cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	$	120	$	55
Cash paid for income taxes	$	59	$	—

Non-cash operating, investing and financing activities:
Decrease in accrued purchases of property and equipment	$	(217)	$	(605)
Finance leases incurred	$	985	$	1,409
Increase in right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities	$	—	$	283
Financed insurance premiums	$	—	$	440
Deemed distribution of Breckenridge net assets not acquired	$	—	$	2,329
Acquisition of Breckenridge net assets	$	—	$	(1,335)

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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DAWSON GEOPHYSICAL COMPANY

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(unaudited and amounts in thousands, except share data)


		Equity								Accumulated
		Attributable	Common Stock			Additional				Other
		to Breckenridge	Number			Paid-in		Accumulated		Comprehensive
		Prior to Acquisition	Of Shares	Amount		Capital		(Deficit) Income		(Loss) Income		Total
Balance January 1, 2024	$	—	30,812,329	$	308	$	156,678	$	(123,640)	$	(1,912)	$	31,434
Net income									5,846				5,846
Unrealized loss on foreign exchange rate translation											(160)		(160)
Dividends declared									(9,860)				(9,860)
Balance March 31, 2024	$	—	30,812,329	$	308	$	156,678	$	(127,654)	$	(2,072)	$	27,260
Net loss									(3,546)				(3,546)
Unrealized loss on foreign exchange rate translation											(110)		(110)
Issuance of common stock as compensation			133,850		1		258						259
Shares exchanged for taxes on stock-based compensation			(39,402)		—		(76)						(76)
Balance June 30, 2024	$	—	30,906,777	$	309	$	156,860	$	(131,200)	$	(2,182)	$	23,787
Net loss									(5,617)				(5,617)
Unrealized income on foreign exchange rate translation											29		29
Stock-based compensation expense							45						45
Balance September 30, 2024	$	—	30,906,777	$	309	$	156,905	$	(136,817)	$	(2,153)	$	18,244


		Equity								Accumulated
		Attributable	Common Stock			Additional				Other
		to Breckenridge	Number			Paid-in		Accumulated		Comprehensive
		Prior to Acquisition	Of Shares	Amount		Capital		(Deficit) Income		(Loss) Income		Total
Balance January 1, 2023	$	7,695	23,812,329	$	238	$	155,413	$	(112,469)	$	(2,073)	$	48,804
Net (loss) income		(976)							563				(413)
Unrealized loss on foreign exchange rate translation											(6)		(6)
Issuance of stock for Breckenridge acquisition		(1,335)	1,188,235		12		2,008						685
Excess of purchase price over net assets acquired							(10,565)						(10,565)
Breckenridge cash distributions prior to acquisition		(3,055)											(3,055)
Deemed distribution of Breckenridge net assets not acquired		(2,329)											(2,329)
Balance March 31, 2023		—	25,000,564	$	250	$	146,856	$	(111,906)	$	(2,079)	$	33,121
Net loss									(4,430)				(4,430)
Unrealized income on foreign exchange rate translation											249		249
Balance June 30, 2023	$	—	25,000,564	$	250	$	146,856	$	(116,336)	$	(1,830)	$	28,940
Net loss									(5,198)				(5,198)
Unrealized loss on foreign exchange rate translation											(218)		(218)
Issuance of stock for convertible note			5,811,765		58		9,822						9,880
Balance September 30, 2023	$	—	30,812,329	$	308	$	156,678	$	(121,534)	$	(2,048)	$	33,404

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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DAWSON GEOPHYSICAL COMPANY

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

1. ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS

Dawson Geophysical Company (the “Company”) is a leading provider of North American onshore seismic data acquisition services with operations throughout the continental United States (“U.S.”) and Canada. The Company acquires and processes 2-D, 3-D and multicomponent seismic data solely for its clients, ranging from major oil and gas companies to independent oil and gas operators as well as providers of multi-client data libraries.

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

In the opinion of the Company’s management, the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which are normal and recurring in nature, necessary for fair financial statement presentation. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in these condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Certain prior period amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements may have been reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation.

These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared using accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and applicable rules of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. have been omitted.

These condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. The December 31, 2023, balance sheet information was derived from our audited financial statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Asset Purchase Agreement. On March 24, 2023, the Company entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Wilks Brothers, LLC (“Wilks”) and Breckenridge Geophysical, LLC (“Breckenridge”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Wilks. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company completed the purchase of substantially all of the Breckenridge assets related to seismic data acquisition services other than its multi-client data library, in exchange for a combination of equity consideration and a convertible note (the “Transaction”). While the Transaction was structured as an asset purchase, the Company’s financial presentation reflects combined results of the two companies as if the combination occurred on January 14, 2022, the date Wilks became the majority shareholder of the Company. This is due to the fact that both the Company and Breckenridge were under Wilks’ control from January 14, 2022 forward. The presentation is required as a combination of entities under common control. As part of the Purchase Agreement, in addition to the 1,188,235 shares of our common stock issued to Wilks at closing, the Company entered into a convertible note with Wilks in the principal amount of approximately $9.9 million and convertible into approximately 5.8 million shares of common stock, contingent upon the Company receiving shareholder approval to issue the shares upon conversion of the convertible note in accordance with NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635 (the “Convertible Note”). The shareholders approved conversion of the Convertible Note during a special meeting held on September 13, 2023. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Convertible Note was automatically converted into 5,811,765 newly-issued shares of the Company’s common stock following the requisite shareholder approval, and the Convertible Note was thereby extinguished.

The Purchase Agreement has been accounted for as a transfer of net assets between entities under common control in a manner similar to a pooling of interests. The Company’s historical consolidated financial statements include the effects on financial position, cash flows, and results of operations attributable to the activities of Breckenridge for all periods presented. The effects of transactions in Breckenridge’s equity prior to the Transaction have been presented as a separate component of stockholders’ equity on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity to demonstrate the effects of those transactions on the Company’s historical consolidated financial statements.

Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation. The condensed consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2024, and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Dawson Operating

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LLC, Dawson Seismic Services Holdings, Inc., Eagle Canada, Inc., Eagle Canada Seismic Services ULC, and Exploration Surveys, Inc. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Dividends. The Company records dividends declared as an addition to accumulated deficit when declaration of such dividends is not subject to restrictions in the jurisdictions in which the Company operates, or in conflict with information in the Company’s bylaws.

Allowance for Current Expected Credit Losses. The Company’s allowance for credit losses reflects its current estimate expected to be incurred over the life of the financial instrument and is determined based on a number of factors. Management determines the need for any allowance for credit losses on accounts receivable based on its review of past-due accounts, its past experience of historical write-offs, its current client base, when customer accounts exceed 90 days past due and specific customer account reviews. While the collectability of outstanding client invoices is continually assessed, the inherent volatility of the energy industry’s business cycle can cause swift and unpredictable changes in the financial stability of the Company’s clients. With the adoption of ASU No. 2016-13 in 2020, the Company made an accounting policy election to write off accrued interest amounts by reversing interest income. The Company's allowance for credit losses was $250,000 at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Leases. The Company leases certain vehicles, seismic recording equipment, real property and office equipment under lease agreements. The Company evaluates each lease to determine its appropriate classification as a finance lease or an operating lease for financial reporting purposes. The assets and liabilities under finance leases are recorded at the lower of the present value of the minimum lease payments or the fair market value of the related assets. Assets under finance leases are amortized using the straight-line method over the initial lease term. Amortization of assets under finance leases is included in depreciation expense. For operating leases, where readily determinable, the Company uses the implicit interest rate in determining the present value of future minimum lease payments. In the absence of an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate. The right-of-use assets are amortized to operating lease cost over the lease terms in a manner that results in straight-line operating lease cost and is included in operating expense. Several of the Company’s leases include options to renew and the exercise of lease renewal options is primarily at the Company’s discretion.

Property and Equipment. Property and equipment is capitalized at historical cost, the fair value of assets acquired in a business combination, or historical carrying value of assets acquired from Breckenridge and is depreciated over the useful life of the asset. Management’s estimation of this useful life is based on circumstances that exist in the seismic industry and information available at the time of the purchase of the asset. As circumstances change and new information becomes available, these estimates could change. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the balance sheet, and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in the results of operations for the period.

Impairment of Long-lived Assets. Long-lived assets are tested for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Recognition of an impairment charge is required if future expected undiscounted net cash flows are insufficient to recover the carrying value of the assets and the fair value of the assets is below the carrying value of the assets. Management’s forecast of future cash flows used to perform impairment analysis includes estimates of future revenues and expenses based on the Company’s anticipated future results while considering anticipated future oil and natural gas prices, which is fundamental in assessing demand for the Company’s services. If the carrying amounts of the assets exceed the estimated expected undiscounted future cash flows, the Company measures the amount of possible impairment by comparing the carrying amount of the assets to the fair value.

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements. Preparation of the accompanying financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Because of the use of assumptions and estimates inherent in the reporting process, actual results could differ from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition. Services are provided under cancelable service contracts which usually have an original expected duration of one year or less. These contracts are either “turnkey” or “term” agreements. Under both types of agreements, the Company recognizes revenues as the services are performed. Revenue is generally recognized based on square miles of data recorded compared to total square miles anticipated to be recorded on the survey using the total estimated revenue for the service contract. In the case of a cancelled service contract, the client is billed and revenue is recognized for any third party charges and square miles of data recorded up to the date of cancellation.

The Company receives reimbursements for certain out-of-pocket expenses under the terms of the service contracts. The amounts billed to clients are included at their gross amount in the total estimated revenue for the service contract.

Clients are billed as permitted by the service contract. Contract assets and contract liabilities are the result of timing differences between revenue recognition, billings and cash collections. If billing occurs prior to the revenue recognition or billing exceeds the revenue recognized, the amount is considered deferred revenue and a contract liability. Conversely, if the revenue recognition exceeds the billing,

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the excess is considered an unbilled receivable and a contract asset. As services are performed, those deferred revenue amounts are recognized as revenue.

In some instances, third-party permitting, surveying, drilling, helicopter, equipment rental and mobilization costs that directly relate to the contract are utilized to fulfill the contract obligations. These fulfillment costs are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and generally amortized based on the total square miles of data recorded compared to total square miles anticipated to be recorded on the survey using the total estimated fulfillment costs for the service contract.

Estimates for total revenue and total fulfillment cost on any service contract are based on significant qualitative and quantitative judgments. Management considers a variety of factors such as whether various components of the performance obligation will be performed internally or externally, cost of third party services, and facts and circumstances unique to the performance obligation in making these estimates.

Share-based compensation. We measure and record compensation expense for share-based payment awards to employees and outside directors based on estimated grant date fair values. Grant date fair value is determined by averaging the high and low stock price on the grant date. We recognize compensation costs for awards granted over the requisite service period based on the grant date fair value in fee operating expenses and general and administrative expenses on our consolidated statements of operations. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, we granted no shares to employees, and recognized expense related to unvested awards of $45,000 during the period. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we granted a total of 230,550 shares to employees with an aggregate grant date fair value of $446,000, and recognized expense related to those awards of $304,000 during the period. Additionally, we recognize forfeitures of share-based compensation as they occur.

Risks and Uncertainties. The Company’s ability to be profitable in the future will depend on many factors beyond its control, but primarily on the level of demand for land-based seismic data acquisition services by oil and natural gas exploration and development companies. The Company incurred net losses of $5.6 million and $3.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The Company incurred net losses of $5.2 million and $10.0 million for the same periods of 2023. As of September 30, 2024, the Company had $7.0 million in cash, and a positive working capital balance of $4.4 million. We believe that our cash flows from operations, and our current financial position are adequate to fund our continued operations.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2023-07”). ASU 2023-07 seeks to improve disclosures about a public entity’s reportable segments and add disclosures around a reportable segment’s expenses. The updated guidance is effective for our annual periods beginning January 1, 2024, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning January 1, 2025. The Company is evaluating the impacts of adoption, which will be limited to additional disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 seeks to improve transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disclosures. The updated guidance is effective for the Company on January 1, 2025. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-09 to have a material impact on its financial statements and disclosures.

3. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company’s financial instruments included cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments in certificates of deposit, accounts receivable, other current assets, accounts payable, other current liabilities, notes payable, finance leases and operating lease liabilities. Due to the short-term maturities of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, other current assets, accounts payable and other current liabilities, the carrying amounts approximate fair value at the respective balance sheet dates. The carrying value of the notes payable, finance leases and operating lease liabilities approximate their fair value based on a comparison with the prevailing market interest rate. Due to the short-term maturities of the Company’s investments in certificates of deposit, the carrying amounts approximate fair value at December 31, 2023. The fair values of the Company’s notes payable and investments in certificates of deposit are level 2 measurements in the fair value hierarchy.

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4. OPERATING SEGMENTS

The Company’s chief operating decision maker (President and Chief Executive Officer) reviews the discrete segment financial information on a geographic basis for the U.S. operations and Canada Operations. The revenue for both of the Company’s segments is generated by the same services, which utilize the same type of equipment and personnel. The performance of our segments is evaluated on Adjusted EBITDA. We define Adjusted EBITDA as our net income (loss), before (i) interest expense, net, (ii) income tax expense or benefit, (iii) depreciation, depletion and amortization and (iv) other unusual or non-recurring charges, such as severance expenses. As a result, the Company has two reportable segments, U.S. Operations and Canada Operations.

The following tables present the Company’s income statements by operating segment (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2024						Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
	USA Operations		Canada Operations		Consolidated		USA Operations		Canada Operations		Consolidated
Operating revenues
Fee revenue	$	4,652	$	11	$	4,663	$	31,260	$	8,467	$	39,727
Reimbursable revenue		9,758		—		9,758		18,753		37		18,790
		14,410		11		14,421		50,013		8,504		58,517

Operating costs:
Fee operating expenses		5,726		811		6,537		26,751		5,781		32,532
Reimbursable operating expenses		9,758		—		9,758		18,753		37		18,790
Operating expenses		15,484		811		16,295		45,504		5,818		51,322
General and administrative		2,393		136		2,529		6,133		478		6,611
Severance expense		—		—		—		86		—		86
Depreciation and amortization		1,144		244		1,388		3,611		772		4,383
		19,021		1,191		20,212		55,334		7,068		62,402

(Loss) income from operations		(4,611)		(1,180)		(5,791)		(5,321)		1,436		(3,885)

Other income (expense):
Interest income		58		14		72		246		44		290
Interest expense		(24)		(11)		(35)		(89)		(31)		(120)
Other income (expense), net		100		2		102		457		(23)		434
(Loss) income before income tax		(4,477)		(1,175)		(5,652)		(4,707)		1,426		(3,281)
Income tax benefit (expense)		35		—		35		(36)		—		(36)
Net (loss) income		(4,442)		(1,175)		(5,617)		(4,743)		1,426		(3,317)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Net unrealized income (loss) on foreign exchange rate translation		—		29		29		—		(241)		(241)

Comprehensive (loss) income	$	(4,442)	$	(1,146)	$	(5,588)	$	(4,743)	$	1,185	$	(3,558)

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	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023						Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	USA Operations		Canada Operations		Consolidated		USA Operations		Canada Operations		Consolidated
Operating revenues
Fee revenue	$	9,724	$	11	$	9,735	$	32,767	$	10,122	$	42,889
Reimbursable revenue		13,223		3		13,226		29,092		607		29,699
		22,947		14		22,961		61,859		10,729		72,588

Operating costs:
Fee operating expenses		10,066		852		10,918		29,353		8,780		38,133
Reimbursable operating expenses		13,223		3		13,226		29,092		607		29,699
Operating expenses		23,289		855		24,144		58,445		9,387		67,832
General and administrative		2,315		180		2,495		8,084		887		8,971
Severance expense		—		—		—		—		—		—
Depreciation and amortization		1,527		487		2,014		5,173		1,654		6,827
		27,131		1,522		28,653		71,702		11,928		83,630

Loss from operations		(4,184)		(1,508)		(5,692)		(9,843)		(1,199)		(11,042)

Other income (expense):
Interest income		72		120		192		250		186		436
Interest expense		(14)		(8)		(22)		(36)		(17)		(53)
Other income (expense), net		316		11		327		466		56		522
Loss before income tax		(3,810)		(1,385)		(5,195)		(9,163)		(974)		(10,137)
Income tax (expense) benefit		(3)		—		(3)		96		—		96
Net loss		(3,813)		(1,385)		(5,198)		(9,067)		(974)		(10,041)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Net unrealized (loss) income on foreign exchange rate translation		—		(218)		(218)		—		25		25

Comprehensive loss	$	(3,813)	$	(1,603)	$	(5,416)	$	(9,067)	$	(949)	$	(10,016)

The following table presents the Company’s total assets (in thousands) disaggregated by operating segment:


	September 30,		December 31,
	2024		2023
Total Assets
United States	$	23,774	$	48,495
Canada		6,407		9,024
Total Assets	$	30,181	$	57,519

The reconciliation of the Company’s Adjusted EBITDA to net (loss) income, which is the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, is provided in the following tables (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2024 US		2024 CA		2024 Consol.		2023 US		2023 CA		2023 Consol.
Net loss	$	(4,442)	$	(1,175)	$	(5,617)	$	(3,813)	$	(1,385)	$	(5,198)
Depreciation and amortization		1,144		244		1,388		1,527		487		2,014
Severance expense		—		—		—		—		—		—
Interest income, net		(34)		(3)		(37)		(58)		(112)		(170)
Income tax (benefit) expense		(35)		—		(35)		3		—		3
Adjusted EBITDA	$	(3,367)	$	(934)	$	(4,301)	$	(2,341)	$	(1,010)	$	(3,351)

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	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024 US		2024 CA		2024 Consol.		2023 US		2023 CA		2023 Consol.
Net (loss) income	$	(4,743)	$	1,426	$	(3,317)	$	(9,067)	$	(974)	$	(10,041)
Depreciation and amortization		3,611		772		4,383		5,173		1,654		6,827
Severance expense		86		—		86		—		—		—
Interest income, net		(157)		(13)		(170)		(214)		(169)		(383)
Income tax expense (benefit)		36		—		36		(96)		—		(96)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	(1,167)	$	2,185	$	1,018	$	(4,204)	$	511	$	(3,693)

5. DEBT

Dominion Loan Agreement

On September 30, 2019, the Company entered into a Loan and Security Agreement with Dominion Bank, a Texas state bank (“Dominion Bank”). On September 30, 2023, the Company entered into a Fifth Loan Modification Agreement (the “Fifth Modification Agreement”) to the Loan and Security Agreement (as amended by (i) that certain Loan Modification Agreement dated as of September 30, 2020, (ii) that certain Second Loan Modification Agreement dated as of September 30, 2021, (iii) that certain Third Loan Modification Agreement dated as of September 30, 2022, (iv) that certain Fourth Modification Agreement dated as of March 21, 2023, and (v) the Fifth Modification Agreement, the “Loan Agreement”). The Loan Agreement provided for a secured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) in an amount up to the lesser of (I) an amount equal to the Borrowing Base or (II) $5 million. The Company’s obligations under the Loan Agreement were secured by a Certificate of Deposit with Dominion Bank for $5 million (the “Deposit”) in the Company’s collateral account. On May 2, 2024, the collateral deposit of $5 million was released and the Loan Agreement was terminated.

Dominion Letters of Credit

As of September 30, 2024, the Company has no outstanding letters of credit. The previously issued letter of credit in the amount of $265,000 was not renewed on August 9, 2024.

Other Indebtedness

As of September 30, 2024, the Company has no short-term notes payable. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had one outstanding short-term note payable to a finance company for various insurance premiums totaling $910,000.

In addition, the Company leases certain seismic recording equipment and vehicles under leases classified as finance leases. The Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, include finance leases of $2.2 million and $1.8 million, respectively.

Maturities and Interest Rates of Debt

The following tables set forth the aggregate principal amount (in thousands) under the Company’s outstanding notes payable and the interest rates as of September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023:

The aggregate maturities of finance leases as of September 30, 2024, are as follows (in thousands):

Interest rates on these leases range from 4.86% to 8.74%.

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6. LEASES

The Company leases certain vehicles, seismic recording equipment, real property and office equipment under lease agreements. The Company evaluates each lease to determine its appropriate classification as an operating lease or finance lease for financial reporting purposes. The majority of our operating leases are non-cancelable operating leases for office and shop space in Midland, Plano, Houston and Calgary, Alberta. There have been no material changes to our leases since the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K that was filed with the SEC on April 1, 2024.

Maturities of lease liabilities as of September 30, 2024, are as follows (in thousands):


	Operating Leases		Finance Leases
October 2024 - September 2025	$	1,117	$	832
October 2025 - September 2026		1,072		922
October 2026 - September 2027		585		638
October 2027 - September 2028		40		75
Thereafter		—		—
Total payments under lease agreements		2,814		2,467

Less imputed interest		(188)		(232)

Total lease liabilities	$	2,626	$	2,235

7. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

From time to time, the Company is a party to various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. Although the Company cannot predict the outcomes of any such legal proceedings, management believes that the resolution of pending legal actions will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or liquidity, as the Company believes it is adequately indemnified and insured.

We are also party to the following legal proceeding: On April 1, 2019, Weatherford International, LLC and Weatherford U.S., L.P. (collectively, “Weatherford”) filed a petition in state district court for Midland County, Texas, in which the Company and eighteen other parties were named as defendants, alleging the Company and/or the other named defendants contributed to or caused contamination of groundwater at and around property owned by Weatherford. Weatherford was seeking declaratory judgment, recovery and contribution for past and future costs incurred in responding to or correcting the contamination at and around the property from each defendant. The Company disputed Weatherford’s allegations with respect to the Company, and the lawsuit was dismissed in October 2024.

Additionally, the Company experiences contractual disputes with its clients from time to time regarding the payment of invoices or other matters. While the Company seeks to minimize these disputes and maintain good relations with its clients, the Company has experienced in the past, and may experience in the future, disputes that could affect its revenues and results of operations in any period.

8. NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE

Basic (loss) income per share is computed by dividing the net (loss) income by the weighted average shares outstanding. Diluted (loss) income per share is computed by dividing the net (loss) income by the weighted average diluted shares outstanding.

A $0.32 per share special cash dividend on the Company’s common stock was declared on March 28, 2024, and paid on May 6, 2024 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on April 22, 2024. The aggregate payment was approximately $9.9 million.

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The computation of basic and diluted loss per share (in thousands, except share and per share data) was as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Net loss	$	(5,617)	$	(5,198)	$	(3,317)	$	(10,041)
Weighted average common shares outstanding
Basic		30,906,777		26,137,648		30,845,076		25,383,757
Dilutive common stock options, restricted stock unit awards and restricted stock awards		—		—		—		—
Diluted		30,906,777		26,137,648		30,845,076		25,383,757
Basic loss per share of common stock	$	(0.18)	$	(0.20)	$	(0.11)	$	(0.40)
Diluted loss per share of common stock	$	(0.18)	$	(0.20)	$	(0.11)	$	(0.40)

The Company had a net loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively. As a result, all stock options, restricted stock unit awards and restricted stock awards were anti-dilutive and excluded from weighted average shares used in determining the diluted loss per share of common stock for those periods.

The following weighted average numbers of stock options, restricted stock unit awards and restricted stock awards have been excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share of common stock, as their effect would be anti-dilutive for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Restricted stock units		94,532		—		32,799		—
Convertible Note		—		4,674,680		—		3,682,913
Total		94,532		4,674,680		32,799		3,682,913

9. INCOME TAXES

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company’s effective tax rates were 0.6% and -1.1%, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rates were -0.1% and 0.9% for the third quarter and first nine months of 2023. The Company’s nominal effective tax rate for the periods above was due to the presence of net operating loss carryovers and adjustments to the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets.

The Company assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate whether sufficient future taxable income will be generated to permit the use of the existing deferred tax assets. A significant piece of objective negative evidence evaluated was the cumulative loss incurred over an extended amount of time. Such objective evidence limits the ability to consider other subjective evidence, such as projections for taxable earnings.

The Company has recorded valuation allowances against the associated deferred tax assets for the amounts it deems are not more likely than not realizable. Based on management’s belief that not all the net operating losses are realizable, a federal valuation allowance and additional state valuation allowances were maintained during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. In addition, due to the Company’s recent operating losses and valuation allowances, the Company may recognize reduced or no tax benefits on future losses on the condensed consolidated financial statements. The amount of the valuation allowances considered realizable, however, could be adjusted if estimates of future taxable income during the carryforward period are reduced or increased, or if objective negative evidence in the form of cumulative losses is no longer present and additional weight is given to subjective evidence such as projections for future growth.

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10. SUPPLEMENTAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT INFORMATION

Historical financial information for Breckenridge was derived from Breckenridge’s unaudited financial statements. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the financial information of Breckenridge reflects all adjustments, which are normal and recurring in nature, necessary for fair financial statement presentation. The non-cash items associated with the Purchase Agreement (unaudited and in thousands) shown on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows consist of “Deemed distribution (contribution)” and “Acquisition of Breckenridge net assets” and are derived as follows:


Deemed Distribution (Contribution)	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Deemed distribution (contribution) of short-term investments	$	1,000
Deemed distribution (contribution) of accounts receivable		1,015
Deemed distribution (contribution) of prepaids and other		1
Deemed distribution (contribution) of land and buildings		514
Deemed (distribution) contribution of accounts payable		(132)
Deemed (distribution) contribution of accrued liabilities		(69)
Deemed (distribution) contribution of deferred revenue		—
Deemed distribution of Breckenridge net assets not acquired	$	2,329


Historical Carrying Value of Assets Acquired	March 24, 2023
Accounts receivable, net	$	67
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		56
Property and equipment, net		1,322
Other accrued liabilities		(16)
Deferred revenue		(94)
Acquisition of Breckenridge net assets	$	1,335

Total consideration for the asset purchase (in thousands) is as follows:


Consideration Paid	March 24, 2023
Common stock issued	$	2,020
Note payable issued		9,880
Purchase price	$	11,900

Because the Transaction constitutes a transaction among entities under common control, the excess purchase price over the historical carrying value of the net assets acquired was recorded as a charge to additional paid in capital. The excess purchase price over the historical carrying value of the assets at the acquisition date (unaudited and in thousands) is as follows:


Excess Purchase Price	March 24, 2023
Purchase price	$	11,900
Historical carrying value of assets acquired		(1,335)
Excess purchase price	$	10,565

Deferred Costs (in thousands)

Deferred costs were $4.3 million and $5.4 million at January 1, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company’s prepaid expenses and other current assets at September 30, 2024 and 2023, included deferred costs incurred to fulfill contracts with customers of $0.4 million and $4.2 million, respectively.

Deferred costs at September 30, 2024 and 2023, compared to January 1, 2024 and 2023, decreased primarily as a result of the completion of several projects during that nine month period that had deferred fulfillment costs at January 1, 2024. Deferred costs at September 30, 2023 compared to January 1, 2023 decreased primarily as a result of the completion of several projects during that nine month period that had deferred fulfillment costs at January 1, 2023.

The amount of total deferred costs amortized for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, was $22.7 million and $31.4 million, respectively. There were no material impairment losses incurred during these periods.

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Deferred Revenue (in thousands)

Deferred revenue was $11.8 million and $7.4 million at January 1, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company’s deferred revenue at September 30, 2024 and 2023 was $0.7 million and $6.7 million, respectively.

Deferred revenue at September 30, 2024 compared to January 1, 2024 decreased primarily as a result of completing projects for clients with prepayments for third party reimbursables. Deferred revenue at September 30, 2023 compared to January 1, 2023 remained fairly consistent.

Revenue recognized for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of 2024 and 2023 was $11.8 million and $7.3 million, respectively.

Accounts Receivable (in thousands)

Accounts receivable related to contracts with customers was $12.7 million and $8.0 million at January 1, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The accounts receivable balance at January 1, 2023 excluded a $3.0 million employee retention credit receivable.

Accounts receivable related to contracts with customers was $2.8 million and $6.0 million at September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Related Party Transactions

For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company incurred related party expenses totaling approximately $126,000. These are charges by various commonly controlled companies of Wilks Brothers, LLC, the holder of approximately 80% of the Company’s outstanding stock. These transactions consisted of trucking charges of $117,000 and client hosting expenses of $9,000. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company received related party revenue of $22,000 for partial use of leased office space. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company did not have any related party transactions. As of September 30, 2024, the Company had no outstanding related party accounts payable and no outstanding related party accounts receivable.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, Breckenridge incurred related party expenses totaling approximately $110,000. These charges by various commonly controlled companies of Wilks Brothers, LLC consisted of trucking charges of $60,000, management charges of $44,000, and payroll administration charges of $6,000.

11. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

See Note 7. for details related to the dismissal of the Weatherford lawsuit in October of 2024.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Forward Looking Statements

Statements other than statements of historical fact included in this Form 10-Q that relate to forecasts, estimates or other expectations regarding future events, including without limitation, statements under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Business” regarding technological advancements and our financial position, business strategy, and plans and objectives of our management for future operations, may be deemed to be forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). When used in this Form 10-Q, words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend” and similar expressions, as they relate to us or our management, identify forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are based on the beliefs of our management, as well as assumptions made by and information currently available to management. Actual results could differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors. These factors include, but are not limited to, our status as a controlled public company, which exempts us from certain corporate governance requirements; the limited market for our common stock, which could result in the delisting of the common stock from Nasdaq; the impact of general economic, industry, market or political conditions; dependence upon energy industry spending; changes in exploration and production spending by our customers and changes in the level of oil and natural gas exploration and development; the results of operations and financial condition of our customers, particularly during extended periods of low prices for crude oil and natural gas; the volatility of oil and natural gas prices; changes in economic conditions; surplus in the supply of oil and the ability of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and its allies, collectively known as OPEC+, to agree on and comply with supply limitations; the potential for contract delays; reductions or cancellations of service contracts; limited number of customers; credit risk related to our customers; reduced utilization; high fixed costs of operations and high capital requirements; operational challenges relating to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and certain efforts to mitigate the spread

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of the virus, including logistical challenges, protecting the health and well-being of our employees and remote work arrangements; industry competition; external factors affecting the Company’s crews such as weather interruptions and inability to obtain land access rights of way; whether the Company enters into turnkey or day rate contracts; crew productivity; the availability of capital resources; disruptions in the global economy, including unrest in the Middle East, export controls and financial and economic sanctions imposed on certain industry sectors and parties as a result of the developments in Ukraine and related activities, and whether or not a future transaction or other action occurs that causes the Company to be delisted from Nasdaq and no longer be required to make filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The cautionary statements made in this Form 10-Q should be read as applying to all related forward-looking statements wherever they appear in this Form 10-Q. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by this paragraph. A discussion of these and other factors, including risks and uncertainties, is set forth in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K that was filed with the SEC on April 1, 2024 and any subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC. The Company disclaims any intention or obligation to revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Overview

We are a leading provider of North American onshore seismic data acquisition services with operations throughout the continental U.S. and Canada. Substantially all of our revenues are derived from the seismic data acquisition services we provide to our clients. Our clients consist of major oil and gas companies, independent oil and gas operators, and providers of multi-client data libraries. In recent years, our primary customer base has consisted of providers of multi-client data libraries. Demand for our services depends upon the level of spending by these companies for exploration, production, development and field management activities, which depends, in a large part, on oil and natural gas prices. Significant fluctuations in domestic oil and natural gas exploration and development activities related to commodity prices, as we have recently experienced, have affected, and will continue to affect, demand for our services and our results of operations, and such fluctuations continue to be the single most important factor affecting our business and results of operations.

We began the quarter with one crew operating in the United States, and had two small channel crews operating later in the quarter. We currently have one crew operating and a second large channel crew scheduled to deploy in mid-November, which will utilize the majority of our channels in the United States. Our seasonal operations in Canada resumed in October, and we expect increased revenues and profitability from Canada through the first quarter of 2025.

We are currently testing new single node channels in the field, and we expect to invest in increasing our channel count through the purchase of new equipment in the near future. We believe that investing in new single node channels will improve our revenue and margins due to improved crew efficiency with the lighter weight equipment.

While our revenues are mainly affected by the level of client demand for our services, our revenues are also affected by the pricing for our services that we negotiate with our clients and the productivity and utilization level of our data acquisition crews. Factors impacting productivity and utilization levels include: client demand, commodity prices, whether we enter into turnkey or dayrate contracts with our clients, the number and size of crews, the number of recording channels per crew, crew downtime related to inclement weather, delays in acquiring land access permits, agricultural or hunting activity, holiday schedules, short winter days, crew repositioning and equipment failure. To the extent we experience these factors, our operating results may be affected from quarter to quarter. Consequently, our efforts to negotiate more favorable contract terms in our supplemental service agreements, mitigate permit access delays and improve overall crew productivity may contribute to growth in our revenues.

Results of Operations

U.S. Fee Revenues. Acquisition revenues for the third quarter of 2024 decreased 52% to $4.7 million compared to $9.7 million for the same period of 2023. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in crew utilization. Acquisition revenues for the first nine months of 2024 decreased 4.6% to $31.3 million compared to $32.8 million for the same period of 2023. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in crew utilization.

Canadian Fee Revenues. Acquisition revenues of $11,000 for the third quarter of 2024 equaled the acquisition revenues for the same period of 2023. Acquisition revenues for the first nine months of 2024 decreased 16% to 8.5 million compared to $10.1 million for the same period of 2023. The decreases in both periods were primarily due to a seasonal decrease in crew utilization.

Total Revenues. Revenues for the third quarter of 2024 were $14.4 million compared to $23.0 million for the same period of 2023. Total revenues included a decrease of $3.5 million in reimbursable revenues. Revenues for the first nine months of 2024 were $58.5 million compared to $72.6 million for the same period of 2023. Total revenues included a decrease of $10.9 million in reimbursable revenues.

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U.S. Fee Operating Expenses. Acquisition expenses for the third quarter of 2024 decreased 43% to $5.7 million compared to $10.1 million for the same period of 2023. The decrease was primarily due to an overall decrease in crew production and utilization during the period. Acquisition expenses for the first nine months of 2024 decreased 9% to $26.8 million from $29.4 million for the same period of 2023. The increase was primarily due to an decrease in crew utilization.

Canadian Fee Operating Expenses. Acquisition expenses for the third quarter of 2024 decreased 5% to $0.8 million compared to $0.9 million for the same period of 2023. The decrease was primarily due to an overall decrease in crew production and utilization during the period. Acquisition expenses for the first nine months of 2024 decreased 34% to $5.8 million from $8.8 million for the same period of 2023. The decrease was primarily due to decreased crew utilization.

Reimbursable Revenues and Costs. These revenues and expenses are passed through to our clients and are job specific and vary significantly from year to year. The costs are agreed to by our clients prior to contracting with outside vendors for the various tasks.

General and Administrative Expenses. During the third quarter of 2024 and 2023, general and administrative expenses remained equal totaling $2.5 million for both periods. During the first nine months of 2024 general and administrative expenses decreased 26% to $6.6 million compared to $9.0 million for the same period of 2023. The decrease was primarily due to our focus on cost reduction initiatives, a decrease in retained legal counsel and a reduction in salary expenses.

Depreciation and Amortization Expense. Depreciation and amortization expenses for the third quarter and first nine months of 2024 totaled $1.4 million and $4.4 million, respectively, compared to $2.0 million and $6.8 million for the same periods of 2023. Depreciation expenses decreased in 2024 compared to 2023 as a result of multiple years of reduced capital expenditures.

Total Operating Costs. Total operating costs for the third quarter of 2024 were $20.2 million, representing a 30% decrease from the same period of 2023. The operating costs for the first nine months of 2024 were $62.4 million, representing a 25% decrease from the same period of 2023. The decrease in operating costs for the third quarter and first nine months of 2024 compared to 2023 was primarily due to the factors described above.

Income Taxes. Income tax benefit for the third quarter of 2024 was $35,000 and income tax expense for the first nine months of 2024 was $36,000, respectively, compared to income tax expense of $3,000 and income tax benefit of $96,000 for the same periods of 2023. These amounts represent effective tax rates of 0.6 and -1.1% for the third quarter and first nine months of 2024, respectively, compared to -0.1% and 0.9% for the same periods of 2023. The Company’s nominal effective tax rate for the periods above was due to the presence of net operating loss carryovers and adjustments to the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets.

Our effective tax rates differ from the statutory federal rate of 21.0% for certain items such as state and local taxes, valuation allowances, and non-deductible expenses. For further information, see Note 9 of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Use of Adjusted EBITDA (a Non-GAAP measure)

We define Adjusted EBITDA as our net income (loss), before (i) interest expense, net, (ii) income tax expense or benefit, (iii) depreciation, depletion and amortization and (iv) other unusual or non-recurring charges, such as severance expenses. Our management uses Adjusted EBITDA as a supplemental financial measure to assess:

●

the financial performance of our assets without regard to financing methods, capital structures, taxes or historical cost basis;

●

our liquidity and operating performance over time in relation to other companies that own similar assets and that we believe calculate Adjusted EBITDA in a similar manner; and

●

the ability of our assets to generate cash sufficient for us to pay potential interest costs.

We also understand that such data are used by investors to assess our performance. However, the terms EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not defined under GAAP, and neither EBITDA nor Adjusted EBITDA is a measure of operating income, operating performance or liquidity presented in accordance with GAAP. When assessing our operating performance or liquidity, investors and others should not consider this data in isolation or as a substitute for net income (loss), cash flow from operating activities or other cash flow data calculated in accordance with GAAP. In addition, our EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, or similarly titled measures utilized by other companies since such other companies may not calculate EBITDA or Adjusted EBITDA in the same manner as us. Further, the results presented by EBITDA or Adjusted EBITDA cannot be achieved without incurring the costs that the measure excludes: interest, taxes, and depreciation and amortization, and other unusual or non-recurring charges, such as severance expenses.

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The reconciliation of our Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss) and to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities, which are the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, are provided in the following tables (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2024 US		2024 CA		2024 Consol.		2023 US		2023 CA		2023 Consol.
Net loss	$	(4,442)	$	(1,175)	$	(5,617)	$	(3,813)	$	(1,385)	$	(5,198)
Depreciation and amortization		1,144		244		1,388		1,527		487		2,014
Interest income, net		(34)		(3)		(37)		(58)		(112)		(170)
Income tax (benefit) expense		(35)		—		(35)		3		—		3
EBITDA		(3,367)		(934)		(4,301)		(2,341)		(1,010)		(3,351)
Severance expense		—		—		—		—		—		—
Adjusted EBITDA	$	(3,367)	$	(934)	$	(4,301)	$	(2,341)	$	(1,010)	$	(3,351)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024 US		2024 CA		2024 Consol.		2023 US		2023 CA		2023 Consol.
Net (loss) income	$	(4,743)	$	1,426	$	(3,317)	$	(9,067)	$	(974)	$	(10,041)
Depreciation and amortization		3,611		772		4,383		5,173		1,654		6,827
Interest income, net		(157)		(13)		(170)		(214)		(169)		(383)
Income tax expense (benefit)		36		—		36		(96)		—		(96)
EBITDA		(1,253)		2,185		932		(4,204)		511		(3,693)
Severance expense		86		—		86		—		—		—
Adjusted EBITDA	$	(1,167)	$	2,185	$	1,018	$	(4,204)	$	511	$	(3,693)


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2024 US		2024 CA		2024 Consol.		2023 US		2023 CA		2023 Consol.
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(3,331)	$	(900)	$	(4,231)	$	(2,849)	$	(440)	$	(3,289)
Changes in working capital and other items		233		17		250		833		(521)		312
Non-cash adjustments to net loss		(269)		(51)		(320)		(325)		(49)		(374)
EBITDA		(3,367)		(934)		(4,301)		(2,341)		(1,010)		(3,351)
Severance expense		—		—		—		—		—		—
Adjusted EBITDA	$	(3,367)	$	(934)	$	(4,301)	$	(2,341)	$	(1,010)	$	(3,351)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024 US		2024 CA		2024 Consol.		2023 US		2023 CA		2023 Consol.
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	$	(33)	$	3,592	$	3,559	$	(1,139)	$	3,601	$	2,462
Changes in working capital and other items		(217)		(1,255)		(1,472)		(2,301)		(2,959)		(5,260)
Non-cash adjustments to net (loss) income		(1,003)		(152)		(1,155)		(764)		(131)		(895)
EBITDA		(1,253)		2,185		932		(4,204)		511		(3,693)
Severance expense		86		—		86		—		—		—
Adjusted EBITDA	$	(1,167)	$	2,185	$	1,018	$	(4,204)	$	511	$	(3,693)

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal sources of cash are amounts earned from the seismic data acquisition services we provide to our clients. Our principal uses of cash are the amounts used to provide these services, including expenses related to our operations and acquiring new equipment. Accordingly, our cash position depends (as do our revenues) on the level of demand for our services. Historically, cash generated from our operations along with cash reserves have been sufficient to fund our working capital requirements and, to some extent, our capital expenditures. Management believes cash on hand and working capital are sufficient to fund operating and investing cash flow requirements.

Cash Flows. Net cash provided by operating activities was $3.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared to $2.5 million for the same period of 2023. This increase was primarily due to various changes in the balances of our operating assets and liabilities.

Net cash used in investing activities was $0.9 million and $3.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, respectively. The decrease in cash used in investing activities between periods of $2.5 million was primarily due to a decrease in cash capital expenditures to $1.6 million for the first nine months of 2024 compared to capital expenditures of $2.6 million for the same period of 2023. Additionally, in connection with the Breckenridge asset acquisition in 2023 we acquired $1.0 million of short-term investments.

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Net cash used in financing activities was $11.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and was primarily comprised of dividends paid of $9.9 million, principal payments of $0.9 million and $0.5 million under our notes payable and finance leases, respectively. Net cash used in financing activities was $3.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, and was primarily comprised of principal payments of $0.5 million and $0.2 million under our notes payable and finance leases, respectively. Additionally, in connection with the Breckenridge asset acquisition we had cash distributions of $3.1 million.

Capital Expenditures. The Board of Directors approved an initial 2024 capital budget in the amount of $2.5 million for capital expenditures, which was limited to necessary maintenance capital requirements and incremental recording channel replacement or increase. As of September 30, 2024, the Board of Directors increased this budget to $6.0 million to invest in additional single node channels. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we spent $2.5 million on capital expenditures, primarily for rolling stock and maintenance capital requirements. Historically, we have funded most of our capital expenditures through cash flow from operations, cash reserves, equipment term loans and finance leases.

Capital Resources. Historically, we have primarily relied on cash flows from operations, cash reserves and borrowings from commercial banks to fund our working capital requirements.

Special Cash Dividend. Declared on March 28, 2024, the $0.32 per share special cash dividend on the Company’s common stock was paid on May 6, 2024 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on April 22, 2024. The aggregate payment was approximately $9.9 million.

Loan Agreement

Dominion Credit Facility. On September 30, 2019, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement with Dominion Bank, a Texas state bank (“Dominion Bank”). On September 30, 2023, we entered into a Fifth Loan Modification Agreement (the “Fifth Modification Agreement”) to the Loan and Security Agreement (as amended by (i) that certain Loan Modification Agreement dated as of September 30, 2020, (ii) that certain Second Loan Modification Agreement dated as of September 30, 2021, (iii) that certain Third Loan Modification Agreement dated as of September 30, 2022, (iv) that certain Fourth Modification Agreement dated as of March 21, 2023, and (v) the Fifth Modification Agreement, the “Loan Agreement”). The Loan Agreement provided for a secured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) in an amount up to the lesser of (I) an amount equal to the Borrowing Base or (II) $5 million. Our obligations under the Loan Agreement was secured by a Certificate of Deposit with Dominion Bank for $5 million (the “Deposit”) in our collateral account. On May 2, 2024, the collateral deposit of $5 million was released and the Loan Agreement was terminated.

Dominion Letters of Credit. As of September 30, 2024, we have no outstanding letters of credit. Our previously issued letter of credit in the amount of $265,000 was not renewed on August 9, 2024.

Other Indebtedness

As of September 30, 2024, we have no outstanding short-term notes payable. As of December 31, 2023, we had one outstanding short-term note payable to a finance company for various insurance premiums totaling $910,000.

In addition, we lease certain seismic recording equipment and vehicles under leases classified as finance leases. Our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, include finance leases of $2.2 million and $1.8 million, respectively.

Maturities and Interest Rates of Debt

The following tables set forth the aggregate principal amount (in thousands) under our outstanding notes payable and the interest rates as of September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023:

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The aggregate maturities of finance leases as of September 30, 2024, are as follows (in thousands):

Interest rates on these leases range from 4.86% to 8.74%.

Contractual Obligations

We believe that our capital resources, including our cash on hand, short-term investments and cash flow from operations will be adequate to meet our current operational needs. We believe that we will be able to finance our 2024 capital expenditures through cash flow from operations and borrowings from commercial lenders. However, our ability to satisfy working capital requirements, meet debt repayment obligations, and fund future capital requirements will depend principally upon our future operating performance, which is subject to the risks inherent in our business, and will also depend on the extent to which the current economic climate adversely affects the ability of our customers, and/or potential customers, to promptly pay amounts owing to us under their service contracts with us.

Critical Accounting Policies

Information regarding our critical accounting policies and estimates is included in Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. ASU 2023-07 seeks to improve disclosures about a public entity’s reportable segments and add disclosures around a reportable segment’s expenses. The updated guidance is effective for our annual periods beginning January 1, 2024, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning January 1, 2025. We are evaluating the impacts of adoption, which will be limited to additional disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. ASU 2023-09 seeks to improve transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disclosures. The updated guidance is effective for us on January 1, 2025. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-09 to have a material impact on our financial statements and disclosures.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

There has been no material change in our market risk profile during the nine months ended September 30, 2024. For additional information about our market risk profile, refer to "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" in Item 7A. in Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

We are exposed to certain market risks arising from the use of financial instruments in the ordinary course of business. These risks arise primarily as a result of potential changes to operating concentration of credit risk and changes in interest rates. We have not entered into any hedge arrangements, commodity swap agreements, commodity futures, options or other derivative financial instruments. We also conduct business in Canada, which subjects our results of operations and cash flows to foreign currency exchange rate risk.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Management’s Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive and financial officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of September 30, 2024, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective, in all material respects, with regard to the recording, processing, summarizing and reporting, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, for information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act. Our disclosure controls and procedures include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended September 30, 2024, that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Refer to Note 7 – Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q) for a discussion of the Company’s legal proceedings.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

In addition to the other information set forth in this Form 10-Q, you should carefully consider the risk factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, which could materially affect our financial condition or results of operations.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

(a)

Not applicable.

(b)

None.

(c)

During the three months ended September 30, 2024, none of the Company's directors or officers adopted or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or a non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement (each as defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K).

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS




Number			Exhibit

3.1			Amended and Restated Certificate of Formation, as amended February 11, 2015, filed on March 16, 2015 as Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, and incorporated herein by reference.

3.2			Bylaws, as amended February 11, 2015, filed on March 16, 2015 as Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, and incorporated herein by reference.

3.3			Statement of Resolutions Establishing Series of Shares designated Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock of Dawson Geophysical Company, filed on April 8, 2021 as Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, and incorporated herein by reference.

31.1*			Certification of Chief Executive Officer of Dawson Geophysical Company pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

31.2*			Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Dawson Geophysical Company pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

32.1**			Certification of Chief Executive Officer of Dawson Geophysical Company pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code.

32.2**			Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Dawson Geophysical Company pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code.

101*			The following materials from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2024, formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, and (v) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

104*			Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in Inline XBRL and included as Exhibit 101).

* Filed herewith.

**	Furnished herewith

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	DAWSON GEOPHYSICAL COMPANY

DATE: November 13, 2024	By:	/s/ William A. Clark
		William A. Clark
		President and Chief Executive Officer


DATE: November 13, 2024	By:	/s/ Ian Shaw
		Ian Shaw
		Chief Financial Officer

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, William A. Clark, certify that:

1.	I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Dawson Geophysical Company;

2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Dated: November 13, 2024

	/s/ William A. Clark
	William A. Clark
	President and Chief Executive Officer
	(principal executive officer)

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, Ian Shaw, certify that:

1.	I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Dawson Geophysical Company;

2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Dated: November 13, 2024

	/s/ Ian Shaw
	Ian Shaw
	Chief Financial Officer
	(principal financial and accounting officer)

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the quarterly report of Dawson Geophysical Company (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, William A. Clark, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:

(1)	The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m or 78o(d)); and

(2)	The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Dated: November 13, 2024


	/s/ William A. Clark
	William A. Clark
	President and Chief Executive Officer
	(principal executive officer)

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the quarterly report of Dawson Geophysical Company (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Ian Shaw, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:

(1)	The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m or 78o(d)); and

(2)	The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Dated: November 13, 2024


	/s/ Ian Shaw
	Ian Shaw
	Chief Financial Officer
	(principal financial and accounting officer)

Document and Entity Information - shares	9 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information - shares	Sep. 30, 2024	Nov. 11, 2024
Document and Entity Information
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-32472
Entity Registrant Name	DAWSON GEOPHYSICAL COMPANY
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	TX
Entity Tax Identification Number	74-2095844
Entity Address, Address Line One	508 West Wall, Suite 800
Entity Address, City or Town	Midland
Entity Address, State or Province	TX
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	79701
City Area Code	432
Local Phone Number	684-3000
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $0.01 par value
Trading Symbol	DWSN
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		30,983,437
Entity Central Index Key	0000799165
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Amendment Flag	false

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 6,980	$ 10,772
Restricted cash		5,000
Short-term investments		265
Accounts receivable, net	2,788	12,735
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	3,411	8,654
Total current assets	13,179	37,426
Property and equipment, net	14,284	16,508
Right-of-use assets	2,348	3,208
Intangibles, net	370	377
Total assets	30,181	57,519
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	3,424	3,883
Accrued liabilities:
Payroll costs and other taxes	1,954	3,415
Other	992	709
Deferred revenue	691	11,829
Current maturities of notes payable and finance leases	704	1,380
Current maturities of operating lease liabilities	1,005	1,202
Total current liabilities	8,770	22,418
Long-term liabilities:
Notes payable and finance leases, net of current maturities	1,531	1,289
Operating lease liabilities, net of current maturities	1,621	2,363
Deferred tax liabilities, net	15	15
Total long-term liabilities	3,167	3,667
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock-par value $1.00 per share; 4,000,000 shares authorized, none outstanding
Common stock-par value $0.01 per share; 35,000,000 shares authorized, 30,906,777 and 30,812,329 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively	309	308
Additional paid-in capital	156,905	156,678
Accumulated deficit	(136,817)	(123,640)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net	(2,153)	(1,912)
Total stockholders' equity	18,244	31,434
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 30,181	$ 57,519

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 1.00	$ 1.00
Preferred stock, shares authorized	4,000,000	4,000,000
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized	35,000,000	35,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	30,906,777	30,812,329
Common stock, shares outstanding	30,906,777	30,812,329

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Operating revenues	$ 14,421			$ 22,961			$ 58,517	$ 72,588
Operating expenses
Operating expenses	16,295			24,144			51,322	67,832
General and administrative	2,529			2,495			6,611	8,971
Severance expense							86
Depreciation and amortization	1,388			2,014			4,383	6,827
Total operating costs	20,212			28,653			62,402	83,630
Loss from operations	(5,791)			(5,692)			(3,885)	(11,042)
Other income (expense):
Interest income	72			192			290	436
Interest expense	(35)			(22)			(120)	(53)
Other income (expense), net	102			327			434	522
Loss before income tax	(5,652)			(5,195)			(3,281)	(10,137)
Income tax benefit (expense)	35			(3)			(36)	96
Net loss	(5,617)	$ (3,546)	$ 5,846	(5,198)	$ (4,430)	$ (413)	(3,317)	(10,041)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Net unrealized income (loss) on foreign exchange rate translation	29			(218)			(241)	25
Comprehensive loss	$ (5,588)			$ (5,416)			$ (3,558)	$ (10,016)
Basic loss per share of common stock (in dollars per share)	$ (0.18)			$ (0.20)			$ (0.11)	$ (0.40)
Diluted loss per share of common stock (in dollars per share)	$ (0.18)			$ (0.20)			$ (0.11)	$ (0.40)
Weighted average equivalent common shares outstanding	30,906,777			26,137,648			30,845,076	25,383,757
Weighted average equivalent common shares outstanding - assuming dilution	30,906,777			26,137,648			30,845,076	25,383,757
Fee Revenue
Operating revenues	$ 4,663			$ 9,735			$ 39,727	$ 42,889
Operating expenses
Operating expenses	6,537			10,918			32,532	38,133
Reimbursable Revenue
Operating revenues	9,758			13,226			18,790	29,699
Operating expenses
Operating expenses	$ 9,758			$ 13,226			$ 18,790	$ 29,699

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (3,317)	$ (10,041)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	4,383	6,827
Operating lease cost	851	827
Non-cash compensation	304
Deferred income tax benefit		(121)
Bad debt expense		68
Gain on disposal of assets	(264)	(72)
Remeasurement and other	1	(2)
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Decrease in accounts receivable	9,828	960
Decrease in employee retention credit receivable		3,035
Decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets	5,240	1,882
(Decrease) increase in accounts payable	(233)	2,052
Decrease in accrued liabilities	(1,166)	(1,431)
Decrease in operating lease liabilities	(930)	(888)
Decrease in deferred revenue	(11,138)	(634)
Net cash provided by operating activities	3,559	2,462
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures, net of non-cash capital expenditures summarized below	(1,557)	(2,623)
Proceeds from disposal of assets	382	173
Proceeds from maturity of short-term investments	265
Acquisition of short-term investments		(1,000)
Net cash used in investing activities	(910)	(3,450)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Principal payments on notes payable	(911)	(521)
Principal payments on finance leases	(503)	(150)
Tax withholdings related to stock based compensation awards	(76)
Dividends paid	(9,860)
Breckenridge cash distributions prior to acquisition		(3,055)
Net cash used in financing activities	(11,350)	(3,726)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	(91)	2
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	(8,792)	(4,712)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	15,772	23,603
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	6,980	18,891
Supplemental cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	120	55
Cash paid for income taxes	59
Non-cash operating, investing and financing activities:
Decrease in accrued purchases of property and equipment	(217)	(605)
Finance leases incurred	$ 985	1,409
Increase in right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities		283
Financed insurance premiums		440
Deemed distribution of Breckenridge net assets not acquired		2,329
Acquisition of Breckenridge net assets		(1,335)
Breckenridge
Non-cash operating, investing and financing activities:
Deemed distribution of Breckenridge net assets not acquired		$ 2,329

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Equity Attributable to Breckenridge Prior to Acquisition	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Accumulated (Deficit) Income	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Total
Balance at beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 7,695	$ 238	$ 155,413	$ (112,469)	$ (2,073)	$ 48,804
Balance at beginning of period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		23,812,329
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net Income (Loss)	(976)			563		(413)
Unrealized (loss) income on foreign exchange rate translation					(6)	(6)
Issuance of stock for Breckenridge acquisition	(1,335)	$ 12	2,008			685
Issuance of stock for Breckenridge acquisition (in shares)		1,188,235
Excess of purchase price over net assets acquired			(10,565)			(10,565)
Breckenridge cash distributions prior to acquisition	(3,055)					(3,055)
Deemed distribution of Breckenridge net assets not acquired	(2,329)					(2,329)
Balance at end of period at Mar. 31, 2023		$ 250	146,856	(111,906)	(2,079)	33,121
Balance at end of period (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023		25,000,564
Balance at beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 7,695	$ 238	155,413	(112,469)	(2,073)	48,804
Balance at beginning of period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		23,812,329
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net Income (Loss)						(10,041)
Deemed distribution of Breckenridge net assets not acquired						(2,329)
Balance at end of period at Sep. 30, 2023		$ 308	156,678	(121,534)	(2,048)	33,404
Balance at end of period (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023		30,812,329
Balance at beginning of period at Mar. 31, 2023		$ 250	146,856	(111,906)	(2,079)	33,121
Balance at beginning of period (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023		25,000,564
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net Income (Loss)				(4,430)		(4,430)
Unrealized (loss) income on foreign exchange rate translation					249	249
Balance at end of period at Jun. 30, 2023		$ 250	146,856	(116,336)	(1,830)	28,940
Balance at end of period (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023		25,000,564
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net Income (Loss)				(5,198)		(5,198)
Unrealized (loss) income on foreign exchange rate translation					(218)	(218)
Issuance of stock for convertible note		$ 58	9,822			9,880
Issuance of stock for convertible note (in shares)		5,811,765
Balance at end of period at Sep. 30, 2023		$ 308	156,678	(121,534)	(2,048)	33,404
Balance at end of period (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023		30,812,329
Balance at beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2023		$ 308	156,678	(123,640)	(1,912)	$ 31,434
Balance at beginning of period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023		30,812,329				30,812,329
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net Income (Loss)				5,846		$ 5,846
Unrealized (loss) income on foreign exchange rate translation					(160)	(160)
Dividends declared				(9,860)		(9,860)
Balance at end of period at Mar. 31, 2024		$ 308	156,678	(127,654)	(2,072)	27,260
Balance at end of period (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024		30,812,329
Balance at beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2023		$ 308	156,678	(123,640)	(1,912)	$ 31,434
Balance at beginning of period (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023		30,812,329				30,812,329
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net Income (Loss)						$ (3,317)
Balance at end of period at Sep. 30, 2024		$ 309	156,905	(136,817)	(2,153)	$ 18,244
Balance at end of period (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024		30,906,777				30,906,777
Balance at beginning of period at Mar. 31, 2024		$ 308	156,678	(127,654)	(2,072)	$ 27,260
Balance at beginning of period (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024		30,812,329
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net Income (Loss)				(3,546)		(3,546)
Unrealized (loss) income on foreign exchange rate translation					(110)	(110)
Issuance of common stock as compensation		$ 1	258			259
Issuance of common stock as compensation (in shares)		133,850
Shares exchanged for taxes on stock-based compensation			(76)			(76)
Shares exchanged for taxes on stock-based compensation (in shares)		(39,402)
Balance at end of period at Jun. 30, 2024		$ 309	156,860	(131,200)	(2,182)	23,787
Balance at end of period (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024		30,906,777
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net Income (Loss)				(5,617)		(5,617)
Unrealized (loss) income on foreign exchange rate translation					29	29
Stock-based compensation expense			45			45
Balance at end of period at Sep. 30, 2024		$ 309	$ 156,905	$ (136,817)	$ (2,153)	$ 18,244
Balance at end of period (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024		30,906,777				30,906,777

ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS

ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS

1. ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

Significant Accounting Policies

the excess is considered an unbilled receivable and a contract asset. As services are performed, those deferred revenue amounts are recognized as revenue.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

3. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

OPERATING SEGMENTS

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

OPERATING SEGMENTS

OPERATING SEGMENTS

4. OPERATING SEGMENTS

The following tables present the Company’s income statements by operating segment (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2024						Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
	USA Operations		Canada Operations		Consolidated		USA Operations		Canada Operations		Consolidated
Operating revenues
Fee revenue	$	4,652	$	11	$	4,663	$	31,260	$	8,467	$	39,727
Reimbursable revenue		9,758		—		9,758		18,753		37		18,790
		14,410		11		14,421		50,013		8,504		58,517

Operating costs:
Fee operating expenses		5,726		811		6,537		26,751		5,781		32,532
Reimbursable operating expenses		9,758		—		9,758		18,753		37		18,790
Operating expenses		15,484		811		16,295		45,504		5,818		51,322
General and administrative		2,393		136		2,529		6,133		478		6,611
Severance expense		—		—		—		86		—		86
Depreciation and amortization		1,144		244		1,388		3,611		772		4,383
		19,021		1,191		20,212		55,334		7,068		62,402

(Loss) income from operations		(4,611)		(1,180)		(5,791)		(5,321)		1,436		(3,885)

Other income (expense):
Interest income		58		14		72		246		44		290
Interest expense		(24)		(11)		(35)		(89)		(31)		(120)
Other income (expense), net		100		2		102		457		(23)		434
(Loss) income before income tax		(4,477)		(1,175)		(5,652)		(4,707)		1,426		(3,281)
Income tax benefit (expense)		35		—		35		(36)		—		(36)
Net (loss) income		(4,442)		(1,175)		(5,617)		(4,743)		1,426		(3,317)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Net unrealized income (loss) on foreign exchange rate translation		—		29		29		—		(241)		(241)

Comprehensive (loss) income	$	(4,442)	$	(1,146)	$	(5,588)	$	(4,743)	$	1,185	$	(3,558)


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023						Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	USA Operations		Canada Operations		Consolidated		USA Operations		Canada Operations		Consolidated
Operating revenues
Fee revenue	$	9,724	$	11	$	9,735	$	32,767	$	10,122	$	42,889
Reimbursable revenue		13,223		3		13,226		29,092		607		29,699
		22,947		14		22,961		61,859		10,729		72,588

Operating costs:
Fee operating expenses		10,066		852		10,918		29,353		8,780		38,133
Reimbursable operating expenses		13,223		3		13,226		29,092		607		29,699
Operating expenses		23,289		855		24,144		58,445		9,387		67,832
General and administrative		2,315		180		2,495		8,084		887		8,971
Severance expense		—		—		—		—		—		—
Depreciation and amortization		1,527		487		2,014		5,173		1,654		6,827
		27,131		1,522		28,653		71,702		11,928		83,630

Loss from operations		(4,184)		(1,508)		(5,692)		(9,843)		(1,199)		(11,042)

Other income (expense):
Interest income		72		120		192		250		186		436
Interest expense		(14)		(8)		(22)		(36)		(17)		(53)
Other income (expense), net		316		11		327		466		56		522
Loss before income tax		(3,810)		(1,385)		(5,195)		(9,163)		(974)		(10,137)
Income tax (expense) benefit		(3)		—		(3)		96		—		96
Net loss		(3,813)		(1,385)		(5,198)		(9,067)		(974)		(10,041)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Net unrealized (loss) income on foreign exchange rate translation		—		(218)		(218)		—		25		25

Comprehensive loss	$	(3,813)	$	(1,603)	$	(5,416)	$	(9,067)	$	(949)	$	(10,016)

The following table presents the Company’s total assets (in thousands) disaggregated by operating segment:


	September 30,		December 31,
	2024		2023
Total Assets
United States	$	23,774	$	48,495
Canada		6,407		9,024
Total Assets	$	30,181	$	57,519

The reconciliation of the Company’s Adjusted EBITDA to net (loss) income, which is the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, is provided in the following tables (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2024 US		2024 CA		2024 Consol.		2023 US		2023 CA		2023 Consol.
Net loss	$	(4,442)	$	(1,175)	$	(5,617)	$	(3,813)	$	(1,385)	$	(5,198)
Depreciation and amortization		1,144		244		1,388		1,527		487		2,014
Severance expense		—		—		—		—		—		—
Interest income, net		(34)		(3)		(37)		(58)		(112)		(170)
Income tax (benefit) expense		(35)		—		(35)		3		—		3
Adjusted EBITDA	$	(3,367)	$	(934)	$	(4,301)	$	(2,341)	$	(1,010)	$	(3,351)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024 US		2024 CA		2024 Consol.		2023 US		2023 CA		2023 Consol.
Net (loss) income	$	(4,743)	$	1,426	$	(3,317)	$	(9,067)	$	(974)	$	(10,041)
Depreciation and amortization		3,611		772		4,383		5,173		1,654		6,827
Severance expense		86		—		86		—		—		—
Interest income, net		(157)		(13)		(170)		(214)		(169)		(383)
Income tax expense (benefit)		36		—		36		(96)		—		(96)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	(1,167)	$	2,185	$	1,018	$	(4,204)	$	511	$	(3,693)

DEBT

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

DEBT

DEBT

5. DEBT

Dominion Loan Agreement

Dominion Letters of Credit

As of September 30, 2024, the Company has no outstanding letters of credit. The previously issued letter of credit in the amount of $265,000 was not renewed on August 9, 2024.

Other Indebtedness

Maturities and Interest Rates of Debt

The following tables set forth the aggregate principal amount (in thousands) under the Company’s outstanding notes payable and the interest rates as of September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023:

The aggregate maturities of finance leases as of September 30, 2024, are as follows (in thousands):

Interest rates on these leases range from 4.86% to 8.74%.

LEASES

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

LEASES

LEASES

6. LEASES

Maturities of lease liabilities as of September 30, 2024, are as follows (in thousands):


	Operating Leases		Finance Leases
October 2024 - September 2025	$	1,117	$	832
October 2025 - September 2026		1,072		922
October 2026 - September 2027		585		638
October 2027 - September 2028		40		75
Thereafter		—		—
Total payments under lease agreements		2,814		2,467

Less imputed interest		(188)		(232)

Total lease liabilities	$	2,626	$	2,235

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

7. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE

NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE

8. NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE

The computation of basic and diluted loss per share (in thousands, except share and per share data) was as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Net loss	$	(5,617)	$	(5,198)	$	(3,317)	$	(10,041)
Weighted average common shares outstanding
Basic		30,906,777		26,137,648		30,845,076		25,383,757
Dilutive common stock options, restricted stock unit awards and restricted stock awards		—		—		—		—
Diluted		30,906,777		26,137,648		30,845,076		25,383,757
Basic loss per share of common stock	$	(0.18)	$	(0.20)	$	(0.11)	$	(0.40)
Diluted loss per share of common stock	$	(0.18)	$	(0.20)	$	(0.11)	$	(0.40)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Restricted stock units		94,532		—		32,799		—
Convertible Note		—		4,674,680		—		3,682,913
Total		94,532		4,674,680		32,799		3,682,913

INCOME TAXES

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

INCOME TAXES

INCOME TAXES

9. INCOME TAXES

SUPPLEMENTAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT INFORMATION

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

SUPPLEMENTAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT INFORMATION

SUPPLEMENTAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT INFORMATION

10. SUPPLEMENTAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT INFORMATION


Deemed Distribution (Contribution)	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Deemed distribution (contribution) of short-term investments	$	1,000
Deemed distribution (contribution) of accounts receivable		1,015
Deemed distribution (contribution) of prepaids and other		1
Deemed distribution (contribution) of land and buildings		514
Deemed (distribution) contribution of accounts payable		(132)
Deemed (distribution) contribution of accrued liabilities		(69)
Deemed (distribution) contribution of deferred revenue		—
Deemed distribution of Breckenridge net assets not acquired	$	2,329


Historical Carrying Value of Assets Acquired	March 24, 2023
Accounts receivable, net	$	67
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		56
Property and equipment, net		1,322
Other accrued liabilities		(16)
Deferred revenue		(94)
Acquisition of Breckenridge net assets	$	1,335

Total consideration for the asset purchase (in thousands) is as follows:


Consideration Paid	March 24, 2023
Common stock issued	$	2,020
Note payable issued		9,880
Purchase price	$	11,900


Excess Purchase Price	March 24, 2023
Purchase price	$	11,900
Historical carrying value of assets acquired		(1,335)
Excess purchase price	$	10,565

Deferred Costs (in thousands)

Deferred Revenue (in thousands)

Accounts Receivable (in thousands)

Accounts receivable related to contracts with customers was $2.8 million and $6.0 million at September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Related Party Transactions

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS.

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

11. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

See Note 7. for details related to the dismissal of the Weatherford lawsuit in October of 2024.

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net Income (Loss)	$ (5,617)	$ (3,546)	$ 5,846	$ (5,198)	$ (4,430)	$ (413)	$ (3,317)	$ (10,041)

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Sep. 30, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)	9 Months Ended
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)	Sep. 30, 2024
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation	Basis of Presentation In the opinion of the Company’s management, the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which are normal and recurring in nature, necessary for fair financial statement presentation. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in these condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Certain prior period amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements may have been reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation. These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared using accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and applicable rules of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. have been omitted. These condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. The December 31, 2023, balance sheet information was derived from our audited financial statements included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. Asset Purchase Agreement. On March 24, 2023, the Company entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Wilks Brothers, LLC (“Wilks”) and Breckenridge Geophysical, LLC (“Breckenridge”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Wilks. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company completed the purchase of substantially all of the Breckenridge assets related to seismic data acquisition services other than its multi-client data library, in exchange for a combination of equity consideration and a convertible note (the “Transaction”). While the Transaction was structured as an asset purchase, the Company’s financial presentation reflects combined results of the two companies as if the combination occurred on January 14, 2022, the date Wilks became the majority shareholder of the Company. This is due to the fact that both the Company and Breckenridge were under Wilks’ control from January 14, 2022 forward. The presentation is required as a combination of entities under common control. As part of the Purchase Agreement, in addition to the 1,188,235 shares of our common stock issued to Wilks at closing, the Company entered into a convertible note with Wilks in the principal amount of approximately $9.9 million and convertible into approximately 5.8 million shares of common stock, contingent upon the Company receiving shareholder approval to issue the shares upon conversion of the convertible note in accordance with NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635 (the “Convertible Note”). The shareholders approved conversion of the Convertible Note during a special meeting held on September 13, 2023. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Convertible Note was automatically converted into 5,811,765 newly-issued shares of the Company’s common stock following the requisite shareholder approval, and the Convertible Note was thereby extinguished. The Purchase Agreement has been accounted for as a transfer of net assets between entities under common control in a manner similar to a pooling of interests. The Company’s historical consolidated financial statements include the effects on financial position, cash flows, and results of operations attributable to the activities of Breckenridge for all periods presented. The effects of transactions in Breckenridge’s equity prior to the Transaction have been presented as a separate component of stockholders’ equity on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity to demonstrate the effects of those transactions on the Company’s historical consolidated financial statements.
Principles of Consolidation	Principles of Consolidation. The condensed consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2024, and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Dawson Operating LLC, Dawson Seismic Services Holdings, Inc., Eagle Canada, Inc., Eagle Canada Seismic Services ULC, and Exploration Surveys, Inc. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Dividends	Dividends. The Company records dividends declared as an addition to accumulated deficit when declaration of such dividends is not subject to restrictions in the jurisdictions in which the Company operates, or in conflict with information in the Company’s bylaws.
Allowance for Current Expected Credit Losses	Allowance for Current Expected Credit Losses. The Company’s allowance for credit losses reflects its current estimate expected to be incurred over the life of the financial instrument and is determined based on a number of factors. Management determines the need for any allowance for credit losses on accounts receivable based on its review of past-due accounts, its past experience of historical write-offs, its current client base, when customer accounts exceed 90 days past due and specific customer account reviews. While the collectability of outstanding client invoices is continually assessed, the inherent volatility of the energy industry’s business cycle can cause swift and unpredictable changes in the financial stability of the Company’s clients. With the adoption of ASU No. 2016-13 in 2020, the Company made an accounting policy election to write off accrued interest amounts by reversing interest income. The Company's allowance for credit losses was $250,000 at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
Leases	Leases. The Company leases certain vehicles, seismic recording equipment, real property and office equipment under lease agreements. The Company evaluates each lease to determine its appropriate classification as a finance lease or an operating lease for financial reporting purposes. The assets and liabilities under finance leases are recorded at the lower of the present value of the minimum lease payments or the fair market value of the related assets. Assets under finance leases are amortized using the straight-line method over the initial lease term. Amortization of assets under finance leases is included in depreciation expense. For operating leases, where readily determinable, the Company uses the implicit interest rate in determining the present value of future minimum lease payments. In the absence of an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate. The right-of-use assets are amortized to operating lease cost over the lease terms in a manner that results in straight-line operating lease cost and is included in operating expense. Several of the Company’s leases include options to renew and the exercise of lease renewal options is primarily at the Company’s discretion.
Property and Equipment	Property and Equipment. Property and equipment is capitalized at historical cost, the fair value of assets acquired in a business combination, or historical carrying value of assets acquired from Breckenridge and is depreciated over the useful life of the asset. Management’s estimation of this useful life is based on circumstances that exist in the seismic industry and information available at the time of the purchase of the asset. As circumstances change and new information becomes available, these estimates could change. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the balance sheet, and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in the results of operations for the period.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets	Impairment of Long-lived Assets. Long-lived assets are tested for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Recognition of an impairment charge is required if future expected undiscounted net cash flows are insufficient to recover the carrying value of the assets and the fair value of the assets is below the carrying value of the assets. Management’s forecast of future cash flows used to perform impairment analysis includes estimates of future revenues and expenses based on the Company’s anticipated future results while considering anticipated future oil and natural gas prices, which is fundamental in assessing demand for the Company’s services. If the carrying amounts of the assets exceed the estimated expected undiscounted future cash flows, the Company measures the amount of possible impairment by comparing the carrying amount of the assets to the fair value.
Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements	Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements. Preparation of the accompanying financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Because of the use of assumptions and estimates inherent in the reporting process, actual results could differ from those estimates.
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition. Services are provided under cancelable service contracts which usually have an original expected duration of one year or less. These contracts are either “turnkey” or “term” agreements. Under both types of agreements, the Company recognizes revenues as the services are performed. Revenue is generally recognized based on square miles of data recorded compared to total square miles anticipated to be recorded on the survey using the total estimated revenue for the service contract. In the case of a cancelled service contract, the client is billed and revenue is recognized for any third party charges and square miles of data recorded up to the date of cancellation. The Company receives reimbursements for certain out-of-pocket expenses under the terms of the service contracts. The amounts billed to clients are included at their gross amount in the total estimated revenue for the service contract. Clients are billed as permitted by the service contract. Contract assets and contract liabilities are the result of timing differences between revenue recognition, billings and cash collections. If billing occurs prior to the revenue recognition or billing exceeds the revenue recognized, the amount is considered deferred revenue and a contract liability. Conversely, if the revenue recognition exceeds the billing, the excess is considered an unbilled receivable and a contract asset. As services are performed, those deferred revenue amounts are recognized as revenue. In some instances, third-party permitting, surveying, drilling, helicopter, equipment rental and mobilization costs that directly relate to the contract are utilized to fulfill the contract obligations. These fulfillment costs are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and generally amortized based on the total square miles of data recorded compared to total square miles anticipated to be recorded on the survey using the total estimated fulfillment costs for the service contract. Estimates for total revenue and total fulfillment cost on any service contract are based on significant qualitative and quantitative judgments. Management considers a variety of factors such as whether various components of the performance obligation will be performed internally or externally, cost of third party services, and facts and circumstances unique to the performance obligation in making these estimates.
Share-based compensation	Share-based compensation. We measure and record compensation expense for share-based payment awards to employees and outside directors based on estimated grant date fair values. Grant date fair value is determined by averaging the high and low stock price on the grant date. We recognize compensation costs for awards granted over the requisite service period based on the grant date fair value in fee operating expenses and general and administrative expenses on our consolidated statements of operations. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, we granted no shares to employees, and recognized expense related to unvested awards of $45,000 during the period. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we granted a total of 230,550 shares to employees with an aggregate grant date fair value of $446,000, and recognized expense related to those awards of $304,000 during the period. Additionally, we recognize forfeitures of share-based compensation as they occur.
Risks and uncertainties	Risks and Uncertainties. The Company’s ability to be profitable in the future will depend on many factors beyond its control, but primarily on the level of demand for land-based seismic data acquisition services by oil and natural gas exploration and development companies. The Company incurred net losses of $5.6 million and $3.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The Company incurred net losses of $5.2 million and $10.0 million for the same periods of 2023. As of September 30, 2024, the Company had $7.0 million in cash, and a positive working capital balance of $4.4 million. We believe that our cash flows from operations, and our current financial position are adequate to fund our continued operations.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements	Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2023-07”). ASU 2023-07 seeks to improve disclosures about a public entity’s reportable segments and add disclosures around a reportable segment’s expenses. The updated guidance is effective for our annual periods beginning January 1, 2024, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning January 1, 2025. The Company is evaluating the impacts of adoption, which will be limited to additional disclosures. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 seeks to improve transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disclosures. The updated guidance is effective for the Company on January 1, 2025. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2023-09 to have a material impact on its financial statements and disclosures.

OPERATING SEGMENTS (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

OPERATING SEGMENTS

Schedule of income statements by operating segment

The following tables present the Company’s income statements by operating segment (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2024						Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
	USA Operations		Canada Operations		Consolidated		USA Operations		Canada Operations		Consolidated
Operating revenues
Fee revenue	$	4,652	$	11	$	4,663	$	31,260	$	8,467	$	39,727
Reimbursable revenue		9,758		—		9,758		18,753		37		18,790
		14,410		11		14,421		50,013		8,504		58,517

Operating costs:
Fee operating expenses		5,726		811		6,537		26,751		5,781		32,532
Reimbursable operating expenses		9,758		—		9,758		18,753		37		18,790
Operating expenses		15,484		811		16,295		45,504		5,818		51,322
General and administrative		2,393		136		2,529		6,133		478		6,611
Severance expense		—		—		—		86		—		86
Depreciation and amortization		1,144		244		1,388		3,611		772		4,383
		19,021		1,191		20,212		55,334		7,068		62,402

(Loss) income from operations		(4,611)		(1,180)		(5,791)		(5,321)		1,436		(3,885)

Other income (expense):
Interest income		58		14		72		246		44		290
Interest expense		(24)		(11)		(35)		(89)		(31)		(120)
Other income (expense), net		100		2		102		457		(23)		434
(Loss) income before income tax		(4,477)		(1,175)		(5,652)		(4,707)		1,426		(3,281)
Income tax benefit (expense)		35		—		35		(36)		—		(36)
Net (loss) income		(4,442)		(1,175)		(5,617)		(4,743)		1,426		(3,317)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Net unrealized income (loss) on foreign exchange rate translation		—		29		29		—		(241)		(241)

Comprehensive (loss) income	$	(4,442)	$	(1,146)	$	(5,588)	$	(4,743)	$	1,185	$	(3,558)


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2023						Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	USA Operations		Canada Operations		Consolidated		USA Operations		Canada Operations		Consolidated
Operating revenues
Fee revenue	$	9,724	$	11	$	9,735	$	32,767	$	10,122	$	42,889
Reimbursable revenue		13,223		3		13,226		29,092		607		29,699
		22,947		14		22,961		61,859		10,729		72,588

Operating costs:
Fee operating expenses		10,066		852		10,918		29,353		8,780		38,133
Reimbursable operating expenses		13,223		3		13,226		29,092		607		29,699
Operating expenses		23,289		855		24,144		58,445		9,387		67,832
General and administrative		2,315		180		2,495		8,084		887		8,971
Severance expense		—		—		—		—		—		—
Depreciation and amortization		1,527		487		2,014		5,173		1,654		6,827
		27,131		1,522		28,653		71,702		11,928		83,630

Loss from operations		(4,184)		(1,508)		(5,692)		(9,843)		(1,199)		(11,042)

Other income (expense):
Interest income		72		120		192		250		186		436
Interest expense		(14)		(8)		(22)		(36)		(17)		(53)
Other income (expense), net		316		11		327		466		56		522
Loss before income tax		(3,810)		(1,385)		(5,195)		(9,163)		(974)		(10,137)
Income tax (expense) benefit		(3)		—		(3)		96		—		96
Net loss		(3,813)		(1,385)		(5,198)		(9,067)		(974)		(10,041)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Net unrealized (loss) income on foreign exchange rate translation		—		(218)		(218)		—		25		25

Comprehensive loss	$	(3,813)	$	(1,603)	$	(5,416)	$	(9,067)	$	(949)	$	(10,016)

Schedule of total assets disaggregated by operating segment

The following table presents the Company’s total assets (in thousands) disaggregated by operating segment:


	September 30,		December 31,
	2024		2023
Total Assets
United States	$	23,774	$	48,495
Canada		6,407		9,024
Total Assets	$	30,181	$	57,519

Schedule of reconciliation of the Company's Adjusted EBITDA to net (loss) income

The reconciliation of the Company’s Adjusted EBITDA to net (loss) income, which is the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, is provided in the following tables (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2024 US		2024 CA		2024 Consol.		2023 US		2023 CA		2023 Consol.
Net loss	$	(4,442)	$	(1,175)	$	(5,617)	$	(3,813)	$	(1,385)	$	(5,198)
Depreciation and amortization		1,144		244		1,388		1,527		487		2,014
Severance expense		—		—		—		—		—		—
Interest income, net		(34)		(3)		(37)		(58)		(112)		(170)
Income tax (benefit) expense		(35)		—		(35)		3		—		3
Adjusted EBITDA	$	(3,367)	$	(934)	$	(4,301)	$	(2,341)	$	(1,010)	$	(3,351)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024 US		2024 CA		2024 Consol.		2023 US		2023 CA		2023 Consol.
Net (loss) income	$	(4,743)	$	1,426	$	(3,317)	$	(9,067)	$	(974)	$	(10,041)
Depreciation and amortization		3,611		772		4,383		5,173		1,654		6,827
Severance expense		86		—		86		—		—		—
Interest income, net		(157)		(13)		(170)		(214)		(169)		(383)
Income tax expense (benefit)		36		—		36		(96)		—		(96)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	(1,167)	$	2,185	$	1,018	$	(4,204)	$	511	$	(3,693)

DEBT (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

DEBT

Schedule of aggregate principal amount of outstanding notes payable and the interest rates

The following tables set forth the aggregate principal amount (in thousands) under the Company’s outstanding notes payable and the interest rates as of September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023:

Schedule of aggregate maturities of finance leases

The aggregate maturities of finance leases as of September 30, 2024, are as follows (in thousands):

LEASES (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

LEASES

Schedule of maturities of lease liabilities - Operating Leases

Maturities of lease liabilities as of September 30, 2024, are as follows (in thousands):


	Operating Leases		Finance Leases
October 2024 - September 2025	$	1,117	$	832
October 2025 - September 2026		1,072		922
October 2026 - September 2027		585		638
October 2027 - September 2028		40		75
Thereafter		—		—
Total payments under lease agreements		2,814		2,467

Less imputed interest		(188)		(232)

Total lease liabilities	$	2,626	$	2,235

Schedule of maturities of lease liabilities - Finance Leases

Maturities of lease liabilities as of September 30, 2024, are as follows (in thousands):


	Operating Leases		Finance Leases
October 2024 - September 2025	$	1,117	$	832
October 2025 - September 2026		1,072		922
October 2026 - September 2027		585		638
October 2027 - September 2028		40		75
Thereafter		—		—
Total payments under lease agreements		2,814		2,467

Less imputed interest		(188)		(232)

Total lease liabilities	$	2,626	$	2,235

NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE

Schedule of computation of basic and diluted income (loss) per share

The computation of basic and diluted loss per share (in thousands, except share and per share data) was as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Net loss	$	(5,617)	$	(5,198)	$	(3,317)	$	(10,041)
Weighted average common shares outstanding
Basic		30,906,777		26,137,648		30,845,076		25,383,757
Dilutive common stock options, restricted stock unit awards and restricted stock awards		—		—		—		—
Diluted		30,906,777		26,137,648		30,845,076		25,383,757
Basic loss per share of common stock	$	(0.18)	$	(0.20)	$	(0.11)	$	(0.40)
Diluted loss per share of common stock	$	(0.18)	$	(0.20)	$	(0.11)	$	(0.40)

Schedule of weighted average numbers of stock options, restricted stock unit awards and restricted stock awards that have been excluded from the calculation of diluted loss per share of common stock


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Restricted stock units		94,532		—		32,799		—
Convertible Note		—		4,674,680		—		3,682,913
Total		94,532		4,674,680		32,799		3,682,913

SUPPLEMENTAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT INFORMATION (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

SUPPLEMENTAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT INFORMATION

Schedule of non-cash items associated with the Purchase Agreement


Deemed Distribution (Contribution)	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Deemed distribution (contribution) of short-term investments	$	1,000
Deemed distribution (contribution) of accounts receivable		1,015
Deemed distribution (contribution) of prepaids and other		1
Deemed distribution (contribution) of land and buildings		514
Deemed (distribution) contribution of accounts payable		(132)
Deemed (distribution) contribution of accrued liabilities		(69)
Deemed (distribution) contribution of deferred revenue		—
Deemed distribution of Breckenridge net assets not acquired	$	2,329


Historical Carrying Value of Assets Acquired	March 24, 2023
Accounts receivable, net	$	67
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		56
Property and equipment, net		1,322
Other accrued liabilities		(16)
Deferred revenue		(94)
Acquisition of Breckenridge net assets	$	1,335

Schedule of consideration paid

Total consideration for the asset purchase (in thousands) is as follows:


Consideration Paid	March 24, 2023
Common stock issued	$	2,020
Note payable issued		9,880
Purchase price	$	11,900

Schedule of excess purchase price


Excess Purchase Price	March 24, 2023
Purchase price	$	11,900
Historical carrying value of assets acquired		(1,335)
Excess purchase price	$	10,565

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Details) - USD ($)			3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Sep. 13, 2023	Mar. 24, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Mar. 24, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Threshold period of past due (in days)									90 days
Allowance for doubtful accounts			$ 250,000						$ 250,000			$ 250,000
Maximum original expected duration of cancelable service contracts (in years)									1 year
Granted (in shares)			0						230,550
Aggregate grant date fair value			$ 446,000						$ 446,000
Recognized expense related to the awards			45,000						304,000
Net loss			(5,617,000)	$ (3,546,000)	$ 5,846,000	$ (5,198,000)	$ (4,430,000)	$ (413,000)	(3,317,000)	$ (10,041,000)
Cash			6,980,000			$ 18,891,000			6,980,000	$ 18,891,000		$ 15,772,000	$ 23,603,000
Severance expense									86,000
Working capital			$ 4,400,000						$ 4,400,000
Purchase Agreement
Number of shares issued		1,188,235
Number of shares to be issued under convertible notes payable		5,800,000
Convertible note											$ 9,900,000
Convertible note converted into shares	5,811,765

OPERATING SEGMENTS (Details)	9 Months Ended
OPERATING SEGMENTS (Details)	Sep. 30, 2024 segment
OPERATING SEGMENTS
Number of reportable segments	2

OPERATING SEGMENTS - Income statement (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Operating revenues
Operating revenues	$ 14,421			$ 22,961			$ 58,517	$ 72,588
Operating costs:
Operating expenses	16,295			24,144			51,322	67,832
General and administrative	2,529			2,495			6,611	8,971
Severance expense							86
Depreciation and amortization	1,388			2,014			4,383	6,827
Total operating costs	20,212			28,653			62,402	83,630
Loss from operations	(5,791)			(5,692)			(3,885)	(11,042)
Other income (expense):
Interest income	72			192			290	436
Interest expense	(35)			(22)			(120)	(53)
Other income (expense), net	102			327			434	522
Loss before income tax	(5,652)			(5,195)			(3,281)	(10,137)
Income tax benefit (expense)	35			(3)			(36)	96
Net loss	(5,617)	$ (3,546)	$ 5,846	(5,198)	$ (4,430)	$ (413)	(3,317)	(10,041)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Net unrealized income (loss) on foreign exchange rate translation	29			(218)			(241)	25
Comprehensive loss	(5,588)			(5,416)			(3,558)	(10,016)
Fee Revenue
Operating revenues
Operating revenues	4,663			9,735			39,727	42,889
Operating costs:
Operating expenses	6,537			10,918			32,532	38,133
Reimbursable Revenue
Operating revenues
Operating revenues	9,758			13,226			18,790	29,699
Operating costs:
Operating expenses	9,758			13,226			18,790	29,699
Operating segment
Operating revenues
Operating revenues				22,961				72,588
Operating costs:
Operating expenses				24,144				67,832
General and administrative				2,495				8,971
Depreciation and amortization				2,014				6,827
Total operating costs				28,653				83,630
Loss from operations				(5,692)				(11,042)
Other income (expense):
Interest income				192				436
Interest expense				(22)				(53)
Other income (expense), net				327				522
Loss before income tax				(5,195)				(10,137)
Income tax benefit (expense)				(3)				96
Net loss				(5,198)				(10,041)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Net unrealized income (loss) on foreign exchange rate translation				(218)				25
Comprehensive loss				(5,416)				(10,016)
Operating segment \| Fee Revenue
Operating revenues
Operating revenues				9,735				42,889
Operating costs:
Operating expenses				10,918				38,133
Operating segment \| Reimbursable Revenue
Operating revenues
Operating revenues				13,226				29,699
Operating costs:
Operating expenses				13,226				29,699
Operating segment \| USA Operations
Operating revenues
Operating revenues	14,410			22,947			50,013	61,859
Operating costs:
Operating expenses	15,484			23,289			45,504	58,445
General and administrative	2,393			2,315			6,133	8,084
Severance expense							86
Depreciation and amortization	1,144			1,527			3,611	5,173
Total operating costs	19,021			27,131			55,334	71,702
Loss from operations	(4,611)			(4,184)			(5,321)	(9,843)
Other income (expense):
Interest income	58			72			246	250
Interest expense	(24)			(14)			(89)	(36)
Other income (expense), net	100			316			457	466
Loss before income tax	(4,477)			(3,810)			(4,707)	(9,163)
Income tax benefit (expense)	35			(3)			(36)	96
Net loss	(4,442)			(3,813)			(4,743)	(9,067)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Comprehensive loss	(4,442)			(3,813)			(4,743)	(9,067)
Operating segment \| USA Operations \| Fee Revenue
Operating revenues
Operating revenues	4,652			9,724			31,260	32,767
Operating costs:
Operating expenses	5,726			10,066			26,751	29,353
Operating segment \| USA Operations \| Reimbursable Revenue
Operating revenues
Operating revenues	9,758			13,223			18,753	29,092
Operating costs:
Operating expenses	9,758			13,223			18,753	29,092
Operating segment \| Canada Operations
Operating revenues
Operating revenues	11			14			8,504	10,729
Operating costs:
Operating expenses	811			855			5,818	9,387
General and administrative	136			180			478	887
Depreciation and amortization	244			487			772	1,654
Total operating costs	1,191			1,522			7,068	11,928
Loss from operations	(1,180)			(1,508)			1,436	(1,199)
Other income (expense):
Interest income	14			120			44	186
Interest expense	(11)			(8)			(31)	(17)
Other income (expense), net	2			11			(23)	56
Loss before income tax	(1,175)			(1,385)			1,426	(974)
Net loss	(1,175)			(1,385)			1,426	(974)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Net unrealized income (loss) on foreign exchange rate translation	29			(218)			(241)	25
Comprehensive loss	(1,146)			(1,603)			1,185	(949)
Operating segment \| Canada Operations \| Fee Revenue
Operating revenues
Operating revenues	11			11			8,467	10,122
Operating costs:
Operating expenses	$ 811			852			5,781	8,780
Operating segment \| Canada Operations \| Reimbursable Revenue
Operating revenues
Operating revenues				3			37	607
Operating costs:
Operating expenses				$ 3			$ 37	$ 607

OPERATING SEGMENTS - Total assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Total assets by operating segment
Total Assets	$ 30,181	$ 57,519
Operating segment \| United States
Total assets by operating segment
Total Assets	23,774	48,495
Operating segment \| Canada
Total assets by operating segment
Total Assets	$ 6,407	$ 9,024

OPERATING SEGMENTS - Reconciliation of EBITDA to net income (loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Reconciliation
Net Income (Loss)	$ (5,617)	$ (3,546)	$ 5,846	$ (5,198)	$ (4,430)	$ (413)	$ (3,317)	$ (10,041)
Depreciation and amortization	1,388			2,014			4,383	6,827
Severance expense							86
Interest income, net	(37)			(170)			(170)	(383)
Income tax (benefit) expense	(35)			3			36	(96)
Adjusted EBITDA	(4,301)			(3,351)			1,018	(3,693)
Operating segment
Reconciliation
Net Income (Loss)				(5,198)				(10,041)
Depreciation and amortization				2,014				6,827
Income tax (benefit) expense				3				(96)
Operating segment \| United States
Reconciliation
Net Income (Loss)	(4,442)			(3,813)			(4,743)	(9,067)
Depreciation and amortization	1,144			1,527			3,611	5,173
Severance expense							86
Interest income, net	(34)			(58)			(157)	(214)
Income tax (benefit) expense	(35)			3			36	(96)
Adjusted EBITDA	(3,367)			(2,341)			(1,167)	(4,204)
Operating segment \| Canada
Reconciliation
Net Income (Loss)	(1,175)			(1,385)			1,426	(974)
Depreciation and amortization	244			487			772	1,654
Interest income, net	(3)			(112)			(13)	(169)
Adjusted EBITDA	$ (934)			$ (1,010)			$ 2,185	$ 511

DEBT (Details)	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Aug. 09, 2024 USD ($)	May 02, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) item	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
DEBT
Deposit				$ 5,000,000
Finance Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, Current			Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, Current
Finance lease	$ 2,235,000			$ 1,800,000
Dominion Loan Agreement
DEBT
Maximum borrowing capacity					$ 5,000,000
Deposit					$ 5,000,000
Collateral deposit released			$ 5,000,000
Dominion Letters of Credit
DEBT
Amount of letter of credit outstanding	$ 0
Previously issued letter of credit not renewed		$ 265,000
Notes payable to finance companies for insurance
DEBT
Number of outstanding notes payable	0			1
Aggregate principal amount outstanding				$ 910,000

DEBT - Aggregate principal amount and interest rates (Details) - Notes payable to finance companies for insurance - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
DEBT
Aggregate principal amount outstanding		$ 910,000
Interest rate	8.75%	8.75%

DEBT - Maturities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Aggregate maturities of finance leases
October 2024 - September 2025	$ 704
October 2025 - September 2026	846
October 2026 - September 2027	611
October 2027 - September 2028	74
Obligations under finance leases	$ 2,235	$ 1,800
Minimum
Aggregate maturities of finance leases
Interest rate on leases	4.86%
Maximum
Aggregate maturities of finance leases
Interest rate on leases	8.74%

LEASES - Maturities of lease liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Operating Leases
October 2024 - September 2025	$ 1,117
October 2025 - September 2026	1,072
October 2026 - September 2027	585
October 2027 - September 2028	40
Total payments under lease agreements	2,814
Less imputed interest	(188)
Total lease liabilities	2,626
Finance Leases
October 2024 - September 2025	832
October 2025 - September 2026	922
October 2026 - September 2027	638
October 2027 - September 2028	75
Total payments under lease agreements	2,467
Less imputed interest	(232)
Total lease liabilities	$ 2,235	$ 1,800

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Details)	Apr. 01, 2019 defendant
Weatherford Litigation
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Number of other parties named as defendants	18

NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Aggregate payment of special cash dividend							$ 9,860
Net loss	$ (5,617)	$ (3,546)	$ 5,846	$ (5,198)	$ (4,430)	$ (413)	$ (3,317)	$ (10,041)
Weighted average common shares outstanding
Basic (in shares)	30,906,777			26,137,648			30,845,076	25,383,757
Diluted (in shares)	30,906,777			26,137,648			30,845,076	25,383,757
Basic loss per share of common stock	$ (0.18)			$ (0.20)			$ (0.11)	$ (0.40)
Diluted loss per share of common stock	$ (0.18)			$ (0.20)			$ (0.11)	$ (0.40)
Special cash dividend, 2024 Q2
Cash dividend declared per share of common stock		$ 0.32
Dividends, date declared		Mar. 28, 2024
Dividends, date paid		May 06, 2024
Dividends, date of record		Apr. 22, 2024
Aggregate payment of special cash dividend		$ 9,900

NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE - Anti-Dilutive Awards Excluded from Calculation (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Anti-dilutive securities excluded from calculation of earnings per share
Number of securities excluded from calculation	94,532	4,674,680	32,799	3,682,913
Convertible Note
Anti-dilutive securities excluded from calculation of earnings per share
Number of securities excluded from calculation		4,674,680		3,682,913
Restricted stock units
Anti-dilutive securities excluded from calculation of earnings per share
Number of securities excluded from calculation	94,532		32,799

INCOME TAXES (Details)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
INCOME TAXES (Details)	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
INCOME TAXES
Effective tax rate (as percent)	0.60%	(0.10%)	(1.10%)	0.90%

SUPPLEMENTAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT INFORMATION - Non-cash asset purchase items (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Asset Acquisition
Deemed distribution of Breckenridge net assets not acquired	$ 2,329	$ 2,329
Breckenridge
Asset Acquisition
Deemed distribution (contribution) of short-term investments		1,000
Deemed distribution (contribution) of accounts receivable		1,015
Deemed distribution (contribution) of prepaids and other		1
Deemed distribution (contribution) of land and buildings		514
Deemed (distribution) contribution of accounts payable		(132)
Deemed (distribution) contribution of accrued liabilities		(69)
Deemed distribution of Breckenridge net assets not acquired		$ 2,329

SUPPLEMENTAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT INFORMATION - Historical Carrying Value of Assets Acquired (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Jan. 01, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023	Mar. 24, 2023	Jan. 01, 2023
Asset Acquisition
Accounts receivable, net	$ 2,788	$ 12,700	$ 12,735	$ 6,000		$ 8,000
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	3,411		8,654
Property and equipment, net	14,284		16,508
Other accrued liabilities	(992)		(709)
Deferred revenue	$ (691)	$ (11,800)	$ (11,829)	(6,700)		$ (7,400)
Acquisition of Breckenridge net assets				$ 1,335
Breckenridge
Asset Acquisition
Accounts receivable, net					$ 67
Prepaid expenses and other current assets					56
Property and equipment, net					1,322
Other accrued liabilities					(16)
Deferred revenue					(94)
Acquisition of Breckenridge net assets					$ 1,335

SUPPLEMENTAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT INFORMATION - Consideration Paid (Details) - Breckenridge $ in Thousands	Mar. 24, 2023 USD ($)
Asset Acquisition
Common stock issued	$ 2,020
Note payable issued	9,880
Purchase price	$ 11,900

SUPPLEMENTAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT INFORMATION - Excess Purchase Price (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 24, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Asset Acquisition
Historical carrying value of assets acquired		$ (1,335)
Breckenridge
Asset Acquisition
Purchase price	$ 11,900
Historical carrying value of assets acquired	(1,335)
Excess purchase price	$ 10,565

SUPPLEMENTAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT INFORMATION - Deferred Costs and Deferred Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Jan. 01, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Jan. 01, 2023
Deferred costs			$ 4,300		$ 5,400
Total deferred costs amortized	$ 22,700	$ 31,400
Deferred revenue	691	6,700	11,800	$ 11,829	7,400
Revenue recognized	11,800	7,300
Accounts receivable, net	2,788	6,000	$ 12,700	$ 12,735	$ 8,000
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Deferred costs	$ 400	$ 4,200

SUPPLEMENTAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT INFORMATION - Accounts Receivable (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Jan. 01, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023	Jan. 01, 2023
SUPPLEMENTAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT INFORMATION
Accounts receivable, net	$ 2,788	$ 12,700	$ 12,735	$ 6,000	$ 8,000
Employee retention credit receivable					$ 3,000

SUPPLEMENTAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT INFORMATION - Related Party Transactions (Details) - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Jan. 01, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Jan. 01, 2023
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Related party expenses	$ 126,000
Revenue from use of leased office space	22,000
Accounts payable	3,424,000			$ 3,883,000
Accounts receivable, net	2,788,000	$ 6,000,000.0	$ 12,700,000	$ 12,735,000	$ 8,000,000.0
Trucking charges
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Related party expenses	117,000
Client hosting expenses
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Related party expenses	$ 9,000
Wilks Brothers, LLC \| Dawson Geophysical Company
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Percentage of common stock owned	80.00%
Breckenridge
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Related party expenses		110,000
Breckenridge \| Trucking charges
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Related party expenses		60,000
Breckenridge \| Management charges
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Related party expenses		44,000
Breckenridge \| Payroll administration charges
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Related party expenses		$ 6,000
Related party
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Accounts payable	$ 0
Accounts receivable, net	$ 0

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September 30, 2024

December 31, 2023

Notes payable to finance company for insurance

Aggregate principal amount outstanding

Interest rate 8.75%